RESEARCH METHODOLOGY – VII SEMESTER – ENG.

FOOD INDUSTRY

JOB N° 02
SUBJECT: Scientific research methodology
SEMESTER: VII
TEACHER: M.Sc Arizaca Parrillo, Jhony
TOPIC: RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
First of all, it is necessary to establish what the research aims to achieve, that is, what its
objectives are. Research seeks, above all, to contribute to solving a particular problem;
In this case, it should be mentioned what the problem is and how the study is thought to
help solve it. Other research has the main objective of testing a theory or providing
empirical evidence in favor of it. Objectives should be clearly expressed and specific,
measurable, appropriate and realistic—that is, achievable. (TUCKER, 2004)
They are the guides of the study and must be kept in mind throughout its development.
When writing them, it is common to use verbs and derivatives of the type: “describe”,
“determine”, “demonstrate”, “examine”, “specify”, “indicate”, “analyse”, “estimate”,
“compare”, “value”. ” and “relate” with respect to the concepts or variables included.
Obviously, the objectives that are specified must be consistent with each other. It is
possible that during the research other objectives will emerge, the initial objectives will
be modified or even changed by new objectives, depending on the direction the study
takes. (SAMPIERI, 2014)
1. WHAT ARE THE RESEARCH OBJECTIVES?
1.1 Concept of research objectives
Objectives, in general, are desirable situations that are expected to be achieved in a
certain period. In a research project, quantitative or qualitative, the objectives are the
results that are expected to be achieved. If the problems in a research project are posed
in an interrogative way, the objectives are defined by propositions of a prescriptive
nature, which the researcher must achieve or achieve. They are not propositions of an
affirmative or negative nature, they are prescriptions to be carried out. (HUMBERTO
NAUPAS PAITAN, 2014)
2.2 Is it necessary to formulate the research objectives?
In a research project and within the approach of the study, the definition of objectives is
necessary and plays a fundamental role because it allows us to guide where the research
is going, what it is being investigated for. The formulation or definition of objectives is
prescribed by the third rule of the scientific method, as we have already seen.

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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY – VII SEMESTER – ENG. FOOD INDUSTRY

Table 1 - Formulation of objectives

Main research problem
How does Ccarson's model influence the
syneresis process to reduce whey levels
in the production of paria cheese?
General objective of the research
Determine if the Ccarson model
influences the syneresis process for the
reduction of whey in the production of
paria cheese.

Objectives are generally written at two levels: at a general level and at the level of
specific objectives. The general objective expresses a terminal achievement, which is
generally achieved in the medium term, while the specific objectives indicate the
actions that must be carried out to achieve the general objective. (Sánchez-Reyes,
op.cit/A 18).
2. THE GENERAL OBJECTIVE
We reiterate that it is a propositional, qualitative, terminal and integral statement that
entails specific objectives. According to(ALEJANDRO, 2009) , the general objective
has the following attributes:
a) Qualitative: to the extent that it does not express magnitudes, concrete operations but
rather global, general situations.
b) Comprehensive: because it integrates the specific objectives.
c) Terminal: expresses a terminal achievement, which is only achieved in the medium
term.
3. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
They are disaggregated propositional statements, derived from a general objective and
have the following attributes:
a) They are operational: to the extent that they indicate specific operations and
achievements.
b) Behavioral: they indicate what must be done to achieve the general objective.
c) Specific: they specify and detail specific operations and achievements.
(ALEJANDRO, 2009)
4. HOW TO WRITE OBJECTIVES?
The objectives are written using infinitive verbs, ending in "ar", "er" or "ir". The most
used verbs are: determine, specify, calculate, identify, analyze, describe, explain, verify,
correlate, optimize, improve, etc.
As we already pointed out above, there must be correspondence and consistency
between objectives and problems. If a single problem is formulated in a research
project, without specific problems, a general objective and then specific objectives
cannot be defined. Likewise, the general objective must be consistent with the specific
objectives.

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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY – VII SEMESTER – ENG. FOOD INDUSTRY

Let's look at some recommendations for writing problems: (Eliana, 2008)

1. To begin writing objectives, it is first necessary to write the determination,
formulation and definition of the problem.
2. To write the objectives, you must answer the questions: what do I want to do in the
research? What results do I hope to achieve with the research? The answers are
prescriptive propositions that will later help in the formulation of the hypothesis.
3. Prepare a preliminary list of answers that will help you satisfy the questions raised in
point 2.
4. Use a list of infinitive verbs to start writing the objectives, taking care that the verbs
for general objectives will be: optimize, improve, control, etc. while verbs for specific
objectives will refer to immediate actions, such as those indicated above.
5. Verbs for specific objectives should refer to operational tasks and concrete
achievements such as: analyze, identify, describe, explain, calculate, determine, design,
specify, check, evaluate, examine, verify, check, list, measure, quantify, demonstrate,
etc.
6. Evaluate whether the specific objectives are related and coherent with the general
objective and the specific problems.
Let's look at Table 2 to observe the coherence between problems and objectives, both as
the main problem and general objectives and as specific problems and specific
objectives.
Table 2 - Coherence between problems and objectives.
MAIN PROBLEM GENERAL OBJECTIVE
Under the protection of the Peruvian Determine if the Peruvian legal system
legal system, is the claim for protects the compensation claim of
compensation by children against their children against their parents for the
parents for the transmission of diseases transmission of diseases that recognize a
that recognize a genetic origin in the genetic origin in the natural procreation
natural procreation of life viable? of life.
SPECIFIC PROBLEMS SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

Q1.-Do all the elements of civil liability
occur in the genetic damage produced in
the natural procreation of life, according
to the Peruvian legal system and
doctrine?
01.-Determine whether all the elements
of civil liability, for genetic damage
produced in the natural procreation of
life, coincide according to the Peruvian
legal system and doctrine.

Q2.-What is the civil liability system that 02.- Specify the civil liability system that
admits claims for compensation for admits the claim for compensation for
genetic damage in the natural procreation genetic damage in the natural procreation

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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY – VII SEMESTER – ENG. FOOD INDUSTRY

of life, according to national legislation of life, in accordance with national

and doctrine? legislation and doctrine.

Q3.-What are the types of damage that 03.- Know what types of damage parents
parents can cause to their children in the can cause to their children in the natural
natural procreation of life, according to procreation of life, according to national
national legislation and doctrine? legislation and doctrine.

Q4.-What is the perception of 04- Know the perception of magistrates,

magistrates, lawyers and injured parties,
regarding the viability of the claim for
compensation of children against their
parents for the transmission of diseases
that recognize a genetic origin in the
natural procreation of life, in the
Province of San Marcos - Cajamarca?
lawyers and injured parties, on the
viability of the claim for compensation of
children against their parents for the
transmission of diseases that recognize a
genetic origin in the natural procreation
of life, in the Province of San Marcos -
Cajamarca.

(HUMBERTO NAUPAS PAITAN, 2014)

5. MY RESEARCH PROJECT
TOPIC= Whey
PROBLEM
-Low performance in cheese production
- Whey waste in the dairy industry
ASK
- How does the Ccarson Model influence the syneresis process to reduce whey
levels in the production of paria cheese?

Table 3 – Problem and objectives of the “whey” research work

Main research problem General objective of the research
How does Ccarson's model influence the Determine if the Ccarson model
syneresis process to reduce whey levels influences the syneresis process for the
in the production of paria cheese? reduction of whey in the production of
paria cheese.
Specific problem Specific objectives
P1. How will the parameters be 01. Identify the parameters that will be
identified, which will be carried out in carried out in the syneresis process.
the syneresis process

P2. How will optimization occur in the 02. Optimize the production of paria
production of paria cheese? cheese

P3. What will be the adaptation that will 03. Adapt the Ccarson model in the
occur in the Ccarson model in the syneresis process.
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY – VII SEMESTER – ENG. FOOD INDUSTRY

syneresis process?

6. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES

- ALEJANDRO. (2009). Innovaciones en las guías metodológicas para

losplanesy. LIMA: Editorial Alencaro.
- Eliana, N. R. (2008). Elaboración de Tesis. . LIMA: Fondo Editorial Escuela de
Periodismo.
- HUMBERTO NAUPAS PAITAN, E. N. (2014). METODOLOGIA DE LA
INVESTIGACION CUALITATIVA-CUANTITATIVA Y REDACCION DE TESIS.
EDICIONES DE LA U, CUARTA EDICION.
- SAMPIERI, R. H. (2014). METODOLOGIA DE LA INVESTIGACION. MC
GRAW EDUCATION, SEXTA EDICION.
- TUCKER. (2004). METODOLOGIA DE INVESTIGACION CIENTIFICA.
ESPAÑA: GRAW.

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