Thanks

First of all, to God, every moment lived during these years is simply unique, the
opportunity to correct a mistake and start a new day

Through your love and kindness, you allow me to smile at my achievements that are the
result of your help.

Thank you father for this goal achieved

To Prof. Martha, for her great wisdom, advice, patience, support and encouragement that
she gave me during my stay. For all the knowledge that I now have and that will be
useful to me throughout my life.

To my family, Edgar, my life partner, for his patience and unconditional support, for
understanding and enduring my bad times.

To my son for making my days happier which is priceless. for giving me the reasons to
continue

To my mother for her love, protection, protection, and support, for pushing me to always
move forward. Thank you for never leaving me alone.

To my sister and my dad for always being there for me.

To my colleagues for the good times and countless hours of work for the support and
friendship. Thank you

To all of you my greatest recognition and gratitude.

1
Introduction

Today more than ever in Bolivia, the beauty salon sector has evolved very strongly since
fashion trends, personal appearance and aesthetics require it. Therefore, it is necessary to
continue obtaining knowledge and updates about women's cuts since they are changing
and innovating all the time.

Without a doubt, women have always played important roles in the world, so it is worth
highlighting that personal beauty was a trigger for these successful achievements to
emerge.

Currently there are many beauty salons, beauty centers and beauty clinics where they
offer all types of women's haircuts and also services related to personal grooming.

Personal appearance speaks a lot about oneself, it gives us security, self-esteem and
confidence and a change of look could change not only our appearance but also the way
the world sees you.

Nowadays personal image plays a very important role. The objective of styling is to find
what accessories, what hairstyles, what makeup, etc. It is the one that best suits each
person in order to obtain the best use of the image and aesthetics. In general,
recommendations are made based on fashion trends, what is seen in magazines and on
the catwalks. The stylist's first objective is to seek harmony between what surrounds the
people and the settings.

Styling seeks to provide the appropriate elements for each situation, no matter if it is to
advise a model, a television presenter, a politician, for daily life, etc. always tries to
make the best use of each person's visible characteristics. It can be said that stylists are
the allies of makeup artists, photographers, costume directors, etc. In every place where
it is necessary to highlight a person's image, they should contribute their opinions.

Without good advice, a beautiful dress can be ruined if you don't know how to combine
it with other accessories and even with your makeup, cut and hairstyle. A good stylist
always takes into account the characteristics of each person to get the best out of them.
For this, techniques are used taking into account the types of faces such as: square face,
round face, diamond face, oval face, for each face there is a different type of cut.

There are many types of cuts varying from boy to girl and man to woman; like short
long hair, medium length hair and hence its different variables.

2
The desired hair length is decisive in choosing that haircut that you like so much or the one that
your girl wants.All lengths are super fashionable in haircuts for girls . It can be a pixie for the
little ones, a medium length for girls between 3 and 6 years old and a nice length for those who
have already reached a pre-teenage age.

Haircuts for children today are based on trends for adults, and like girls' cuts, the length, hair
type, and face shape must be taken into account.

Men today care about their image, about looking neat and attractive in their appearance. There
are endless styles and trends in men's haircuts.

Men's haircuts are becoming more varied and personal.

Now they experiment and look for that style that best suits them and they are aware of
what is fashion. There are many trends that a man can follow, everything will depend on
the length and type of hair to choose that cut with which he will renew his look.

INDEX

3
Acknowledgments ……………………………………………………………..1
Introduction.………..
……………………………………………………………………..2

General objective…………………………………………………….……………..6

Specific objective…………………………………………………….………….6

Theoretical framework…………………………..…………………………………….
…………6

table of Contents
1 DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOPIC...............................................................................................8
1.1 What is a hair cut?.........................................................................................................8
2 Types of cuts.........................................................................................................................9
2.1 Short............................................................................................................................10
2.2 Media..........................................................................................................................11
2.3 Long (manes)...............................................................................................................12
2.4 The length of the hair..................................................................................................12
2.5 Types of cuts according to the type of face.................................................................12
3 Work team..........................................................................................................................14
 Scissors............................................................................................................................14
 Haircutting machine........................................................................................................15
 Spray or rose spray..........................................................................................................15
 Combs and brushes.........................................................................................................16
 Pincers or piranhas..........................................................................................................16
 Hair dryer and straightener.............................................................................................16
The dryer and straightener are key tools to create the hairstyle your client wants to
perfection. With dryers you can achieve one effect or another, depending on the technique
you use you can straighten or give volume. Although the utensil with which we can use our
creativity the most is the iron. It will help you create any style, straight, wavy or curly, on all
hair types................................................................................................................................16
 Hair removal brush..........................................................................................................16
 talcum powder................................................................................................................17
 Shampoos, conditioners and masks................................................................................17

4
  hairdressing uniform.......................................................................................................17
 Cutting and styling cape..................................................................................................17
 Towel...............................................................................................................................17
 The apron or cutting uniform..........................................................................................17
This corresponds to the stylist or hairdresser. It is as important as the cape for the client, it
protects from small hair that can stick to the body or clothing. It is important that for cuts you
have the sleeves up to the cuff or otherwise use sleeves that reach at least up to the arm.......18
Wearing the uniform in a hair salon gives clients more security, since it can be said that it is
like a doctor wears his apron in a hospital...............................................................................18
 Pencil case.......................................................................................................................18
3.1 Furniture.....................................................................................................................18
The importance of furniture.............................................................................................18
 Hairdressing chairs..........................................................................................................18
 Washes hair for hairdressing or basin.............................................................................19
3.2 Waste material............................................................................................................19
4 Production cost...................................................................................................................20
4.1 Expenses to start the activity of a hair salon...............................................................20
4.2 Fixed costs...................................................................................................................21
4.3 Variable costs..............................................................................................................21
5 Tips......................................................................................................................................22
6 Strategies............................................................................................................................24
6.1 Promotion...................................................................................................................24
7 Conclusions.........................................................................................................................25
8 recommendations...............................................................................................................26
9 Bibliography........................................................................................................................26
10 Annexes...........................................................................................................................27

General objective

Perform the cutting service on women, innovating and updating new techniques to offer
the best service on the market to both the client and the companion, considering the
established safety and hygiene measures and thereby providing a quality service.

5
The business will be aimed at all women of all ages who want to look better and feel
better about their appearance.

Specific goal

-Implement specialized and personalized services in women's cuts.

-Present new trends in complete look changes starting from head to toe.

-Establish marketing strategies that allow the growth and permanence of a company.

-As principles; responsibility, honesty, solidarity, truthfulness, strength and justice.

-We provide to the client; quality, efficiency and creativity.

Theoretical framework

Today's changing world forces more and more people to visit a beauty salon to highlight
the beauty of Oruro women and stay at the forefront and not only to keep their hair nice
and healthy but also for the manicure pedicure service, skin makeup, dyes, bases. and
endless services.

Hair is one of the most important aesthetic parts of the human being, and its care is very
important. However, great care must be taken to avoid contagion and therefore avoid
many problems.

6
These types of diseases originate from the fact that they do not comply with the
necessary hygiene standards and become a dangerous place for anyone who is treated
there. Because when working with sharp objects (such as scissors, razors, files and even
brushes), they can generate tiny injuries that make way for some microscopic germ that
later affects health.

Working with sharp objects (such as scissors, razors, files and even brushes) can cause
tiny injuries that make way for some microscopic germ that later affects health.

Diseases can be transmitted from client to client due to poor hygiene not only on the
scalp but also on the neck.

Infectious and bacterial processes can occur that consist of the appearance of bald spots
with small white dots, due to the hair that has been shed. Also due to mycosis (fungi)
where the infected area appears bald.

The most common is folliculitis, which is the inflammatory process of the hair follicle,
which in some cases can be mild or moderate.

Scissors and razors can transmit hepatitis. The risk of transmitting hepatitis through
shared instruments such as razor blades and scissors can transmit the disease.

The lice. This parasite is barely visible and is easily transmitted from person to person
through body contact and shared clothing (coats used when cutting hair) and objects
such as combs, brushes and hats. Lice infestation causes intense itching and can affect
any area of the skin, especially the scalp.

Seborrheic dermatitis can be spread through hair brushes. The disease is a chronic
inflammation of the skin. It attacks the scalp in the form of reddish lesions that itch and
peel. To treat the disease, there are specific medications for the skin and scalp capable of
controlling the symptoms.

Any type of brush whether metal, porcelain, plastic must be checked appropriately,
especially when it comes to shared use.

We as hair cutters have some risk of contracting the HIV virus. Sharp or pointed objects
contaminated with blood contaminated with the virus can cause an accidental cut that
would be immediately contagious even if the risk is less real.

The use of chlorine is also indicated to eliminate all impurities from objects.

Location

To determine the location of the new business, take into account the amount of
population, commercial area, and accessibility.

7
The beauty salon will be located in the southern area of Oruro in the Roberto Young
market sector, due to the amount of population that exists and despite the fact that there
are already several beauty salons in the area, our strategy will be a quality service and
will be Aimed at women of all ages.

1 DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOPIC

1.1 What is a hair cut?

Hair cutting is changing a person's appearance by altering their hair by cutting it. This
is, in other words, making a change in appearance by hiding imperfections and
highlighting attributes.

For humans, a haircut describes the shortening or modification of the hairstyle of the
hair . The activity of the hairdresser or beauty salon involves grooming the hair and
thereby modifying the person's external appearance.

It involves different types of interventions on the hair. among which we can mention
cutting, straightening, braiding, plucking, dyeing, bleaching, mixing them with fake hair
(either through a wig or false extensions) or adorning them in more or less sophisticated
ways that depend on different cultures and civilizations.

8
Unlike other animals , humans in many cultures routinely cut their hair rather than
letting it grow naturally. The type of hairstyle is also a sign of cultural, social and even
ethnic identity, and can be used as a way to illustrate social status or as a way to
individualize oneself. For all this, the fashion of each moment in society has a great
influence on the haircut.

Men and women naturally have the same type and amount of hair, with the main
component of hair being the protein called keratin . There are some differences in the
tendency for hair loss due to age, which is more common in men. On the other hand,
gender usually influences from a social point of view, distinguishing in many cases the
type of socially accepted haircut for men and women.

There is an important market worldwide in the area of hair cutting and hair in general.
Both wigs and objects for styling and hair decoration are produced, as well as tools for
barbers and hairdressers . There is also a market for products for the training and
teaching of hairdressers, with wigs designed for this purpose.

In some countries, usually with a medium or low level of economic development, the
sale of one's own hair for the manufacture of wigs can be a significant source of income,
which will depend on the length, thickness, condition and color of the hair.

2 Types of cuts

Through visagism – a science dedicated to facial styling – you can define the type of cut
that looks best on each person. To do this, the first thing is to discover the shape of the
face. Basically there are 5 types of faces according to their shape: round, oval, square,
triangular and diamond. By discovering the shape of the face, it will no longer be
difficult to know the types of haircuts that are advisable for a person. Although we can
use a tape measure to calculate and thus determine the shape of your face, we will do
something more practical and simple.

Depending on the type of face the person has, they are prepared to make a haircut
according to their figure:

 Layered: When your hair is cut in layers, there are many hairstyle heights and
styles that look good with this technique. For example, if your hair is curly or
wavy, layers can add volume and life when you let your hair dry naturally. If you
don't have natural curls you can use a curling iron. The important thing to
remember about layers is that they add volume to your hair.
 Straight: If you have or want to have straight hair, you can achieve this too, or
you can enhance your natural cut with a shiny look. The absence of layers allows
your hair to fall in a single even layer, showing a very sophisticated look. Make
sure you have anti-ruffle products on hand, because this cut doesn't look good if
it is.

9
  Short: Short hair can come in many shapes; It depends on which one you like.
Older women prefer very short hair, because it is easier to comb and does not get
in the eyes. You can have anything from a short helmet type to an almost buzz
cut. Typical men's cuts also look good on women, such as the imitation hawk
one.
 Bangs: Bangs look good with almost any hairstyle to make you look more
provocative. For example, if you have a long, straight hairstyle, cut your bangs
so that they fall straight across your forehead. This cut goes with the geometric
look of the rest of the hairstyle. Or you can have side-swept bangs. The more
drastic the angle and length, the more drastic the look will be.
 Dyeing hair: Dying your hair can change any cut, making it brighter, darker or
even bolder. Talk to your client to decide which color is best for her and which
she likes best, since some are difficult to maintain. For example, if you are a
brunette and want blonde hair, you will have to dye it frequently to ensure that
your roots do not show through as your hair grows.

Although there are an infinite number of women's cuts, and more and more are being
invented, here we have the best known cuts:

2.1 Short

 BUZZ. For the most daring of all, this is the shortest cut of all and it consists of
shaving the entire head equally.

 PUNK. Also quite risky with the shaved sides but the upper area a little longer to
play with styles such as crests.

 PIXIE. Much sweeter than the previous ones, with very short sides and back but
without being shaved. It is achieved with the comb and scissors technique
without using a machine. The top area is left a few centimeters longer than the
sides and can be varied with longer slanted bangs.

 GARCON. The longest of all, similar to the Pixie but with the sides and neck
longer and more even, comes from French and means boy, so it is a cut with a
certain masculine air, but it softens on the feminine features. The reference of
this cut is Twiggy.

10
2.2 Media

 BOB. It originated in 1920 and became the symbolic hairstyle of flappers,

Victoria Beckham popularized it again in 2008 and lasts to this day as one of
the most flattering and versatile short hair. It is characterized by having the
nape of the neck cut at the level of the birth with an upward gradient and
longer diagonal sides.
 CARRÉ OR PAGEBOY. It is a type of bob that gets its name from what was
supposed to be the classic cut for page boys. The hair is cut just below the ears
and straight, without layers. It is usually combed with the ends inward.
 BOB LONG. In the same line as the Bob (longer in the front area and shorter
at the nape), but with longer lengths.
 SHAG. It is a medium-length hair cut with short layers from the 90s and was
popularized thanks to Jennifer Aniston. The term comes from shaggy, which
means disheveled, and is one of its characteristics along with the volume
provided by the number of layers.
 WOB. It is the ideal cut for wavy hair. With a square base and at the height of
the lower jaw. It is halfway between the bob and the midi hair and its main
characteristic is the wavy or wavy texture.
 CLEOPATRA. As its name indicates, it refers to the Egyptian goddess. It is
characterized by being completely straight and worn very straight, it is usually
accompanied by straight bangs. The length is similar to that of the Wob.
 MIDI. It is the classic medium length hair. The length ranges from mid-neck
to resting slightly on the shoulders and can be used in any texture; straight,
wavy or curly, and can also be cut straight or layered. It is the most adaptable,
guaranteed success and can be easily rectified if it does not completely
convince you.
 LOB. It is the star cut for 2016. It is halfway between belonging to medium or
long haircuts. It is the same base as the midi style. But in this cut, the length of

11
 the length reaches below the shoulder. It is recommended to degrade the ends
and the effortless or tousled effect is the one that suits you best.

2.3 Long (manes)

 LAYERED OR DEGRADED. It is up to you to choose the length of the

layers, the shorter you are, the more volume but less density at the ends. The
success lies in the middle ground.
 STRAIGHT. A hair without layers, cut completely straight. It provides a
sensation of greater density, although it can also add weight and subtract
volume.
 PARADE. It is a straight hair at the back and sides but with the variant of
wearing the front area paraded from short to long, simulating long open bangs.
With the scissors diagonal to the hair, the ideal is to start from the height of the
ear. Then slide it from the front to the tips, on both sides the same. You will
still have a lot of density at the ends but when it comes to playing with the
hairstyle it will be more versatile and will provide greater volume on the sides.

2.4 The length of the hair

 IN “V” OR PEAK. As the word indicates, it consists of cutting the shape of

the pointed length, marking the length of the beak and the length of the front
area, we join these two points diagonally, first on one side and then on the
other.
 CIRCULAR OR ROUNDED. The most classic and most recommended shape
for curly hair. The front part is slightly shorter and joins in a slightly marked
half circumference with the center, the same on both sides.
 STRAIGHT OR SQUARE. It is a completely straight cut, it is recommended
for fine hair or hair without layers.

12
2.5 Types of cuts according to the type of face

Round

It is a type of face with soft shapes, not so defined angles, marked cheekbones and chin,
and wide cheeks. To take advantage of this type of face, angles must be marked to
generate the illusion of a more elongated face.

Long hair is the most recommended for this type of face, bangs will make the chin stand
out and make the chin more noticeable, however trying a pixie cut is an excellent option
to create angles. It is recommended to cover the cheeks to simulate a more complexion
face. slim

Elongate

An elongated face needs haircuts that favor the sides of the face, that is, that give the
effect that there is more volume in this part of the face. Cuts with strands that frame the
face are ideal, as are long bangs with short layers close to the face.

Hair with volume and waves is the best option for this type of face, this way the hair will
give volume to your face and also to your features. It is recommended to wear it long
with a concentration of volume at the level of the cheekbones.

Diamond

This type of face is characterized by strong cheeks and a very marked thin chin, creating
the shape of a diamond or heart. This type of face is very favored by haircuts with layers
in the front, with strands that frame the face.

We use cuts with very marked layers, we do not make bangs with the part in the middle
since it is not recommended because it further highlights the features that we want to
hide. It is an ideal face type for buns and braids.

Square

The square face is characterized by having a wide forehead and chin, with a very

13
poorly defined chin and contours that are too straight. To soften the jaw, it is
recommended to opt for long hair looks , preferably with curls .

It is recommended to wear hair that is shoulder-length or a little longer, in addition to

using bangs at the height of the eyebrows, which helps to achieve more balance between
the forehead and chin.

Oval

It is the most symmetrical shape, so almost all hairstyles favor this type of face. It is
slightly wider at the cheeks and a little narrower towards the chin, and is considered the
ideal face and the one that benefits the most from any look.

It is a face where almost nothing looks bad, everything can be possible with this type of
face. A hairstyle with waves, straight, short, medium hair, bangs...

Rectangular

They have a straight jaw and a forehead of the same width, it is longer than wide. What
works best for you is to visually shorten your face.

All those that add volume to the sides and not along the length. The bangs should be
worn on the side, otherwise your face will look more square.

3 Work team

The figure of the stylist has been evolving in recent years. A well-known profession that
relies on creativity, passion and talent. Beautify people to get the most out of them and
make them feel good about themselves. It is a job that requires a lot of dedication and
effort. A professional hairdresser , apart from knowing how to cut, must be aware of the
most innovative techniques and treatments on the market and the most creative looks, as
well as know all the applications of the products.

numerous tools that exist around this profession.

And there are a large number of tools that are considered essential in a professional
hairdressing team: scissors, shampoos, conditioners, masks, combs, brushes, dryers...
and many more. Each professional hairdresser and hairdresser has a different way of
working and may use different materials and routines.

14
Now we will name the work tools:

 Scissors

Scissors are the most important tool in hairdressing, the right professional scissors
should be strong on both edges and also have sharp tips that can be used to texturize a
style and allow for precision cuts in addition to creating a haircut. new. Each side of the
scissors should be equally strong.

Make sure you find a pair of scissors that feels comfortable in your hands. The pair of
scissors that fits you will be one that allows you to rest your ring finger on the blade and
your thumb and index finger inside the rings of the scissors to maintain control over
your hairstyle. The little finger should be positioned so that it accompanies the rest of
the finger in the reinforcement in order to maintain adequate control during the use of
the scissors. Remember how you have learned to work with scissors, it is one of the
most important parts of learning to use these professional scissors.

For a hairdresser, scissors are the extension of his hands . The most important tool
by far. There is a large multitude to choose from, every hairdresser has to opt for the
ones that provide the most security and confidence. Materials range from cobalt, to
carbon, vanadium or titanium. On the other hand, there are also different models of
scissors designed to achieve one or more specific functions:

 Micro-serrated cutting scissors : they offer impeccable cutting precision, their

blades are finished in a similar way to that of a saw and, therefore, the hair does
not slide along the blade.

 Sculpting scissors : allow you to remove hair and remove or add volume. The
volume emptying will depend on the size of the tooth, the number of teeth on the
blade and the separation between them.

 Thinning scissors : also used to remove hair and remove or add volume. The
advantage that these have is that they do not damage hair that is not cut.

 Scissors for parading or degrafillar : with a finish similar to that of a razor

blade. They are suitable for parading, as they slide easily through the hair.

 Haircutting machine

Hair clippers are vital to a man's grooming routine, whether you need to trim the hair on
your head or trim the sides of your head like sideburns, nape, and so on. In the case of
women's cuts, we can even use the machine to cut instead of scissors.

 Spray or rose spray

15
Essential for cutting hair when wet. It allows you to expel just the right amount of
water to moisten the hair before starting to cut.You can find sprayers with a mist
effect, bottles with a pistol button, some have shutter regulators with which to control
the amount of water to spray...

 Combs and brushes

Combs and brushes are very useful tools to achieve the desired effect on our client's hair.

In the first ones, the most important thing is that they are not made of plastic, this way
you will avoid the static electricity they produce. And, depending on what you want it
for, thin tines and wide tines.

In brushes you have much more variety and you should know your client's hair and
objective to choose the best one. Some of them are:

 The round brushes will help you style your hair with the dryer and leave it
straight. You will find them in different sizes that will adapt to all types of cuts.

 Thermal brushes, thanks to the heat of the dryer, provide more shine and are
used especially for medium and long hair.

 Brushes with nylon bristles are the most common and are used to remove
tangles and knots.

 Oval-shaped brushes stimulate the scalp and help brush unruly hair.

 Brushes with fine, rounded bristles help to add volume from the roots.

 Pincers or piranhas

Tweezers cannot be missing in the salon of a good hair stylist. Choose those that grab
the largest amount of hair possible and with maximum hold. Use quality clips that also
allow you to create sections when creating hairstyles.

 Razor

The razors will be used to trim the nape of the neck and sideburns, on a client who wants
short hair,

 Hair dryer and straightener

The dryer and straightener are key tools to create the hairstyle your client wants to
perfection. With dryers you can achieve one effect or another, depending on the

16
technique you use you can straighten or give volume. Although the utensil with which
we can use our creativity the most is the iron. It will help you create any style, straight,
wavy or curly, on all hair types.

 Hair removal brush

It is an essential element. When cutting hair, even if the client wears a robe and towel,
the hairs remain stuck to the skin. Using this brush ensures that the client leaves their
face and neck free of hair. Make sure the brush is made of soft fibers that do not cause
discomfort to the skin.

 talcum powder

Talc is used to avoid irritation, it is important to have talc in a salon.

 Shampoos, conditioners and masks

Cleaning your hair is essential and you can find a multitude of shampoos on the market.
You will just have to choose which one best suits your client's hair type. Remember
that they will always expect a small massage with the fingertips on their scalp to relax.
After washing you should hydrate your hair, using the conditioner and mask. Although it
is not advisable to use both at the same time, because we can create grease in the hair
and therefore dandruff will occur. Therefore, the use of a mask is more frequent, as an
extra treatment for the care of clients' hair, so that it looks hydrated and strong.

 hairdressing uniform

Wearing an appropriate uniform in your hair salon provides a more professional and
serious appearance. Ideally, the wardrobe should resemble, to some extent, the image of
the living room. It would not make much sense if in a hairdressing salon with decoration
in green tones, with a green logo and natural cosmetics, the workers wore a red and
orange uniform. Pay attention to detail, comfort and quality when choosing the uniform.
The fabric must be breathable and of quality.

 Cutting and styling cape

The cutting cape is considered one of the most used accessories in the beauty salon. And
it is of vital importance, since it prevents the hair from coming into contact with the
client's wardrobe. And, in the same way, the cape ensures that the client is protected
from the chemicals used in the salon.

 Towel

Just like the cape, it is one of the most used elements in a salon, since for a cut, before
putting on the cape, we put the towel on it, covering the entire neck and clothing with it,
so the client will be more protected from the small hairs. that fall.

17
You must have at least six towels per client, they will be used; one for cutting, one for
washing, one for drying and three will be left for the next client.

 The apron or cutting uniform

This corresponds to the stylist or hairdresser. It is as important as the cape for the client,
it protects from small hair that can stick to the body or clothing. It is important that for
cuts you have the sleeves up to the cuff or otherwise use sleeves that reach at least up to
the arm.

Wearing the uniform in a hair salon gives clients more security, since it can be said that
it is like a doctor wears his apron in a hospital.

 Pencil case

The uniform of an excellent professional hairdresser will not lack a professional pencil
case with which to have at hand all the hairdressing utensils necessary to perform a good
service: combs, scissors, tweezers, hairpins... They normally have different
compartments and have an adjustable waist to adapt to the figure of each of the workers.

3.1 Furniture

The importance of furniture

For decades, decoration has been an important guideline to determine the exclusivity of
a business, be it hotels, restaurants, offices and of course, beauty centers.

And this has not changed, correct or bad decoration says a lot about your business. And
although the cost of a hair salon can be high, keep in mind that this type of investment is
recovered in the short term, because if your clients are happy in your business you will
promote loyalty and acquisition of new clients.

 Hairdressing chairs

The cutting chairs should match the style of the entire living room, that is, if your entire
living room has blue colors and you put some red chairs, you will see that the
combination is overwhelming (unless that is intentionally your style).

But generally, try to find a match between the chairs and the color of the other furniture
and walls.

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The mirrors should have two parts, one that faces the client and the other that projects
the top of the head since this way the client will be able to observe the cut or hairstyle
from different angles.

A movable mirror so that our client can see the cut or hairstyle on the back.

 Washes hair for hairdressing or basin

Sometimes we do not pay much importance to head washers, however, they are
important. There is nothing worse than an uncomfortable head wash, the kind that gives
you a headache and stiff neck.

 Shelf

It will be essential for our salon to have several compartments and separate spaces to be
able to organize our materials, be it dryers, straighteners, sunscreen, beauty products
such as hair masks, towels and everything necessary.

 We will also include the grooming and hygiene materials of a hair salon.

Hand sanitizer (to avoid contagion from client to client or from client to hairdresser),
alcohol, brush to wash the combs, cotton (to clean the scissors).

Broom, garbage collector, rubber or rag, floor cloths, table cloths, mirror cloths, air
freshener.

Glass cleaner, furniture cleaner, floor cleaner, detergent buckets or buckets for washing
towels, uniforms and capes

3.2 Waste material

By definition it is what remains after having chosen the best or most useful of
something.

In hairdressing we will have waste material of two kinds:

We have the shampoo, rinse cream, the masks, we will also name the water that would
become immediate waste since it would only be used once. We will also include glass
cleaner, furniture cleaner, floor cleaner, and detergents.

The combs, hair brushes, tweezers or piranhas, towels, hair remover brush, cutting
uniform, cape, we also include a broom, garbage collector, rubber or rag, floor cloths,

19
cloths for the tables, cloths for the mirrors, these would reach be non-immediate waste,
since they have a longer useful life than immediate waste

4 Production cost

The cost to start a hair salon business depends on the type of business. A small salon,
where you rent a portion of an existing salon to run your own business, costs infinitely
less than purchasing a well-known franchise. Both have similar costs to start, but the
amounts will be different.

When planning a budget to open a hair salon, we must take into account various factors
that will determine the company's expenses. But creating an exact budget to set up a hair
salon is very difficult, since various factors influence it, such as: the location chosen to
carry out the activity, the number of employees who work (if applicable) in the
company, the investment in material and furniture, the variable expenses of the business
and the legal expenses and licenses for the correct opening of the company.

How to create a company?

To create a company, whether individual, sole proprietorship and/or legal company,

necessarily in accordance with the provisions currently in force, the following
registrations must be made:

FUNDEMPRESAS

TAX SERVICE (simplified regime)

MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS

SEDES (cleaning certificate)

Homonymy Control

In order to establish if the company name or name is not registered. The homonymy
control consultation process constitutes the client's operational mechanism to know the
viability of the use of the name

Administrative expenses; Commercial activities established subject to its laws are

subject to the commercial code and other laws related to operating legally in Bolivia.
They must obtain registration in the commercial registry.

4.1 Expenses to start the activity of a hair salon

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The initial expenses that we must take into account in the budget to open a hair salon
are:

 Constitution expenses. They include a limited company and administrative

procedures
 Rental of the premises (must be taken into account even if it is not applicable)
 Furniture

The rent of the environment : It is between 800bs to 1500bs per month.

The furniture:

Costs may vary

Table plus mirror has a cost of 420bs

The armchair or chair where the client will sit has a cost of 520bs

Basins have a cost of 500bs, these are included with the chairs for washing.

4.2 Fixed costs

The fixed expenses that a hair salon will have on an ongoing basis are:

 Personnel (salaries)
 Local rental
 Suppliers

4.3 Variable costs

Variable expenses must be taken into account when opening a hair salon , since they
are essential in this sector:

 Associated Expenses (electricity, water, gas, telephone)

 Optionally: (advertising, website creation)
 Investment in machinery (renew the material used)

Supplies for a salon can be expensive and highly variable depending on the brand.

PRODUCT NAME UNIT PRICE WHOLESALE PRICE

GAMA brand dryers 250bs-430bs
GAMA brand irons between 300bs-470bs
FLILLIPS brand blocker 250bs

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Brushes 10bs-25bs 40bs-100bs (4 units)
Professional combs 20bs 50bs(3uni)
Professional scissors between 80 and 70bs-180bs
180bs
hairdressing uniform 35bs
hairdressing cape 14bs
Large towel 20bs 90bs(6uni)
Medium towel 10bs 50bs(6uni)
Hair remover brushes 20bs
Fillips and Oster cutting machines 120bs-300bs
Roseadors 5bs-20bs
Piranhas 2bs-5bs 30bs(10 pieces)
Knives 15-75bs

5 Tips

A haircut chosen correctly will transform a woman's look and style. Before it comes
time to choose what your haircut will be, you should know that it is very important to
take into account the shape of your face. There are as many haircuts for women as there
are women in the world. However, you can choose from standard hairstyles such as
layered cuts, with bangs or without bangs, short, and much more.

Client-hairdresser communication is one of the most important for when you want to
make a new change of look . For us it is easy to see a photo and cut it like this, but the
difficult thing is to deal with the consequences such as: not giving the person the cut or
also frizz by not choosing the correct cut.

 Ask 'how do you want to cut your hair'

It is very important that the image you have in your head of the cut and yours match, it
may happen that the client has no idea what cut she wants, and at the time of finishing
the cut the client is not satisfied. So it is important to talk to the client and ask if they
like the chosen cut.

 Identify hair type

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When wanting to make a cut, it is essential to determine the type of hair based on curl,
straightness, volume and fall so that a perfect cut can be deduced for the client.

 How to style your hair

When it comes to cutting, it is important not only to be guided by trends, you also have
to be guided by how you wear your hair day to day , whether you put it on one side,
wear it up or what tools you use to do it.

 What do you do in your day to day life?

Letting your hairdresser know what you do every day is a key element in knowing how
much time you spend drying, combing your hair and styling your hair. There are
different types of cuts that require more time , such as long hair, but there are ways
that can help you adapt to your lifestyle.

 What products do you use

In order to manage your new cut, it is necessary to know what you apply to your hair,
whether oils or moisturizing creams. With this information, we will know what types of
products are best for your hair, because using the dryer for so long and daily makes it
dry and requires special treatment.

 What previous treatments have you had?

Dye treatments cause hair to become thinner or dry , there are even cases in which it
breaks too easily and falls out a lot. These important data help us know what look and
treatment is necessary for our client.

Some advice to give our client

 Seal the tips

If your hair reaches below your shoulders this technique is highly recommended. Before
you get in the shower, with your hair still dry, use a hydrating oil or treatment to coat
and “seal” the ends of your hair from moisture. At home you can try putting dry
conditioner (only on the ends) before bathing or using a few drops of honey.

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  Cold water

Cold water helps make your hair super soft.

 Baking soda

One of the problems women with oily hair face is product buildup that can leave hair a
little sticky. If your hair no longer shines, mix half a teaspoon of baking soda with what
you are going to use as shampoo and scrub your scalp well. Baking soda helps to deeply
“clean” your hair of residue, restoring its shine.

 Be careful with the heat

Ironing your ends every day doesn't help, but if your hair is healthy you may not need it.
Opt for braids, sleek ponytails, or even your natural texture at least three days a week to
“let your hair rest.”

6 Strategies

 The first and most important strategy that we will implement will be the quality
of our work. the personalized attention and warmth that a client seeks.
 A calm environment. cozy and comfortable.
 Music to suit the client.
 For our clients who come with their children, a section of educational games
(puzzles, blocks, blackboards, sheets of paper and colors)
 Bottled water for clients and their companions

6.1 Promotion

One of the areas you don't want to neglect is promoting your new business. Spending
this money can lead to the injection of cash you will need in the coming months as you
build the business. Promotions may include radio advertising, television advertising,
flyers. etc Promotions must have a budget of 3% according to fundempresas and
microSMEs.

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Promotions that we will put

 Free massages for clients for their first visit.

 Image advice on cuts, dyes and style on the first visit.
 Beauty product giveaways.
 Manicure or skin mask for the 5th visit.

7 Conclusions

Sometimes it seems to us that good stylists only exist on television and magazines. But
this is fortunately not true. Stylists are creative people who take pride in a job well done
and their desire is generally to satisfy their clients.

The hairdresser always has the last word because he is the one who knows if the cuts
look good on us or not. That is why communication between client and hairdresser is
very important.

Haircuts are determined by face shape, hair texture, head shape, personal taste and
lifestyle and fashion.
Once the work is done, the following conclusions can be drawn from the most notable
facts observed:

In relation to the population studied, sex does not influence hair thickness. On the other
hand, there is a certain relationship between hair diameter and hair color, as well as age.
In all cases the differences are not very significant, but a trend can be observed.

The hair has a certain stretching capacity, although in extreme situations it does not
have an elastic behavior but rather a plastic one since it does not return to the initial
position.

Regardless of the hair, if it has previously been subjected to a dye or some other
chemical product, it directly influences its resistance. This hair will hold less weight if
we bring it into contact with an acid or dye, since we would be weakening its structure.

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 In the case of the shampoo, since it is restorative, the results have been favorable,
making it more resistant than untreated hair since, so to speak, it has reinforced the hair
structure.

However, this may not happen, since there are always special cases in which untreated
hair may have already been treated with dye before performing our experiments.

The heat allows us to control the hair in the way we want. Taking into account the
condition of the hair, the stiffness and its thickness. It is advisable to use the irons at
different temperatures suitable for each hair type. For damaged hair, the appropriate
temperature would be 160 ºC, for normal hair, a temperature of 200 ºC and, for thick
African or wild hair, a temperature of 230 ºC.

8 recommendations

Upon obtaining the conclusions of this project, the following recommendations were
formulated.

Promote services specialized in women's haircuts, so that the clientele increases.

Do not neglect attention to the girls segment since the demand for cutting services is
increasing.

The sales service of products that are used after the cut should be increased, such as:
nutrition masks, this will make our client feel that we are interested in them even after
the work is finished.

Create a customer loyalty strategy based on service and attention, so that the customer
leaves satisfied, this causes the customer to always return.

Hold more promotions and special events. Report about these on social networks, which
is where there is currently the most interaction.

Talk more with clients, thus providing more personalized attention.

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9 Bibliography

Production costs of National Procedures Guide Volume 1

Angelique de la Morreaux

Dermatologist Enriqueta Onofre

Fundempresas

MicroSMEs

Dermatologist Enriqueta Onofre

Wikipedia

Risog.com

Jackeline Institute

Dictionary of women's cuts

ttermix blog

https//www.pantene.com.ar

https://www.americatv.com.pe

https//www.clara.es.belleza.com

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10 Annexes

Furniture work equipment

Scissors

28
Hair cutting machine

Work uniform

29
hhh

hgfg

30
Waste material

31
Types of cuts

Buzz

Punk

32
Pixie

Garcon

33
Bob

34
Carre

long bob

35
shag

Wob

36
Cleopatra

Midi

37
Lob

Long

38
Layers

Straight

Parade

39
V point or peak

Round

40
Straight

41