EXPERIMENT OF THE COMBINED LAW OF GASES:

Introduction:
Ideal gases are a simplification of real gases that is made to study them more easily. It is a
hypothetical gas that considers:

 Formed by point particles, without electromagnetic effects.

 The collisions between the molecules and between the molecules and the walls are
elastic, that is, the momentum and kinetic energy are conserved.
 Kinetic energy is directly proportional to temperature.
 Gases approach an ideal gas when they are a monoatomic gas, at room
temperature and pressure.

Boyle's Law:
Boyle's law establishes that: the volume of a certain amount of gas, which is maintained at
a constant temperature, is inversely proportional to the pressure it exerts, which is
summarized in the following expression:
PV = constant or P = 1/V

Charles Law:

The law of Charles and Gay Lussac is summarized as: the volume of a given amount of
gas that is maintained at constant pressure is directly proportional to its absolute
temperature, which is expressed as:

V
= constant
T

Law of triple changes

By combining the aforementioned laws, the combined law of ideal gases or law of triple
changes is obtained, which establishes that for a certain amount of gas the following is
true:
P.V
= constant
T

CONDUCTING THE EXPERIMENT:

MATERIALS:
- A metal can approximately 250 ml
- A lighter or candle
- Bowls or deep plates
- Spoon
- A glass of water of approximately 250 ml
- FIRE APPROVED GLOVE
- GRIPPER

PROCEDURE:
1) APPROPRIATELY PLACE TWO TABLESPOONS OF WATER INTO THE 250 ml
CAN
2) Then, with the lighter or candle, heat the part opposite the lid, approximately until it
evaporates.
3) POUR THE 250 ml GLASS WITH WATER INTO THE CUP OR DEEP PLATE
4) WITH A FIRE-PROOF GLOVE, GRAB THE CAN AND TURN IT OVER SO THAT
THE LID IS IN CONTACT WITH THE WATER IN THE CUP OR BOTTOM DISH.
5) WE NOTE THE PHENOMENA THROUGH
6) THEN POUR THE WATER FROM THE DISH INTO THE CAN AGAIN UNTIL IT
REACHES ITS MAXIMUM CAPACITY, THEN POUR INTO THE MAIN GLASS
AND MEASURE HOW MUCH VOLUME IS LEFT.

APPLICATION:
Starting from the point that a gas is a fluid, then we can say that the study of fluids to be
particular to their movement, mechanics, dynamics, etc. is of utmost importance for
sanitary engineering, since for the study of this and complements we need data such as
pressure, volume, temperature, amount of fluid, etc.
Fluid mechanics is the branch of physics included within the mechanics of continuous
media that studies the movement of fluids , as well as the forces that cause it. The
fundamental characteristic that defines fluids is their inability to resist shear stresses
(which causes them to lack a defined shape). It also studies the interactions between the
fluid and the contour that limits it.

APPLICATION
S OF FLUID
MECHANICS
Fluid mechanics has been
divided into different branches
that cover different aspects of
engineering, physics,
mathematics, etc. They are
designed to solve life's problems.
everyday life as well as to
develop new technology and
discover new fields of science is
here where our group relates
physics with technology and the
importance of artifacts
that have been created thanks to
this branch of physics.
Refrigeration is a process that
consists of lowering or
maintaining the heat level of a
body or
a space. Considering that cold
does not really exist and that we
must speak of greater or lesser
quantity of heat or greater or
lesser thermal level (level that is
measured with temperature),
Refrigeration is a
thermodynamic process in which
heat is extracted from the object
considered
(reducing its thermal level), and
is taken to another place capable
of absorbing that thermal energy
without
One of these applications occurs in compressed air systems, which are currently an
alternative that is being adopted by many industries and manufacturing companies. These
systems allow you to reduce the costs of energy, heating oil, natural gas and other
sources. Additionally, these systems are environmentally friendly and allow reducing
carbon emissions.
The operational efficiency of these industries can be raised by taking advantage of the
heat from air compressor systems, which represents an important element of industrial
energy consumption.
100% of the electrical energy used by an industrial air compressor is transformed into
heat, 96% of this heat can be recovered and the rest is kept in the compressed air or is
radiated outside the compressor.
This heat produced by the system's compressors is reused for various applications such
as:
- Area heating
 - Industrial process heating
- Boiler water heating
- Heating of process fluids
- Heating food and drinks
- Water heating for showers and baths
- Heating air distribution
- Heat exchangers
Space heating can be regulated using a controller with thermostat and ventilation grilles. In
case heating is not required, the hot air can be channeled outside.

CONCLUSION:
- With this experiment we can conclude that the study of ideal gases has a variety of
applications, such as in aeronautics, compressors, fire-fighting systems, etc.
- Among the gases with a positive aspect is Natural Gas, that is, with the opening
and use of this, apart from including the issue of the gas law, we contribute to the
environment.
- As is known, the properties of gases change abruptly when external
conditions change, specifically pressure and temperature. This fact has
interesting consequences in everyday life. For example, when a
professional diver dives to a depth greater than twenty meters it is
advisable to use a breathing bottle that contains a mixture of helium
and oxygen instead of oxygen-enriched air. This precaution must be
taken into account, because when the diver breathes at these depths,
the high external pressure due to the water causes an amount of
nitrogen (the most abundant gas in the air) to dissolve in his blood
much higher than that It would dissolve if it were out of water. This
fact can affect the transmission of nervous impulses or even cause the
death of the diver if the ascension to the surface is carried out quickly,
because this sudden change in external pressure causes a large part of
the nitrogen dissolved in his blood to be released. release, forming
bubbles that limit its flow. Another situation of interest related to
gases occurs when there is a sudden change in height. For example, if
a mountaineer makes an ascent of several thousand meters without
adequate acclimatization time, he will suffer from the so-called
"altitude sickness", characterized by the appearance of severe
headaches, excessive fatigue and even, in the most extreme cases,
pulmonary and cerebral edema. These symptoms are due to a
deficiency in the amount of oxygen that reaches the body as a result of
the lower proportion of this gas in the air as atmospheric pressure
decreases, or in other words, as altitude increases. This behavior is
reflected in a very famous equation, obtained by Boltzmann, called the
“law of barometric distribution of gases”. This oxygen deficiency
produces excessive consumption of oxyhemoglobin and causes the so-
called “hypoxia.” The body can compensate for this deficiency by
producing more hemoglobin molecules, but this process is slow and
requires up to several months for the body to fully adapt to functioning
correctly with a low amount of oxygen. It is fully proven that people
who live at high altitudes above sea level have high levels of
hemoglobin in their blood.