Example1: Design of single footing with axial load

A square single footing is required to resist 1000KN axial dead load and 350 KN live load
imposed from a square column of 400 mm. The allowable bearing pressure 200KN/m2.

Solution:
Determination of soil density

Assume , , ,

, , ,

assume
Assume square footing of dimensions (B*L)

Terzaghi’s Equation for square footing

For

Since the water table is within the lower edge of the footing, therefore

35 KN/m2 and d=0

( )

Assume footing thickness = 0.6m

Weight of footing

Ultimate Column pressure + footing weight, , now equate the two pressures

from it B=L 2.4m,

For more checking ,

OK

After the allowable bearing capacity has been checked, now we have to check the total
settlement as follows.
Soil pressure estimations

The overburden pressure to the center of the layer is

0.658
0.657
0.656 e-p curve
0.655
0.654
e

0.653
0.652
0.651
0.65
0.649
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

P (KN/m2)

The total settlement (S):

Using the e-p curve to find the corresponding Void ratios as follows:-

For ,

For ,

OK

Results summary
 Square footing with total settlement <25mm

Reinforced concrete design

Summary of the available values

Dead load = 1000 KN
Live load = 350 KN
B = L = 2.3 m

Determination H & d

Use the ultimate Loads

√
 √ √

Perimeter of the column = 4 *400mm=1600mm

Shear stress at the face of the column =

Take

, d = 521 mm

Assume to use blinding cover of concrete = 50 mm

Assume to use bar of

Net d = 600mm – 50 mm - 20mm = 530 mm

Reinforcement design

Max moment at the face of the column

𝑩 𝒉𝒄 𝑩 𝒉𝒄
𝑴𝒎𝒂𝒙 𝒒𝒐 𝑳 𝟐
𝟐 𝟐
𝟐
𝟐𝟒 𝟎𝟒
𝟐𝟓𝟎 𝟐 𝟒 𝟐
𝟐
𝟑𝟎𝟎 𝑲𝑵 𝒎

𝑴 𝟑𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟔 𝑵 𝒎𝒎
𝑲 𝟎 𝟏𝟐𝟕
𝒇𝒄𝒖 𝑳𝒅𝟐 𝟑𝟓 𝟐𝟒𝟎 𝟓𝟑𝟎𝟐
𝟎 𝟏𝟓𝟔 𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒔𝒕𝒆𝒆𝒍

𝒁 𝟎 𝟏𝟐𝟕
𝟎𝟓 𝟎 𝟐𝟓 𝟎 𝟖𝟑 ≤ 𝟎 𝟗𝟓
𝒅 𝟎𝟗

OK
Z = 0.83* d = 0.83 * 530 = 439.9 mm

No. of bars =

Minimum reinforcement
,
No. of bars =

Minimum spacing =

Check shear at 1d from column face

𝑉 𝑞𝑂 𝐿𝐶 𝐾𝑁
𝑉 𝐾𝑁
Shear stress 𝑣 𝐾𝑁 𝑚
𝐿𝑑

Now we have to check for shear

From table 3.8 (BS8110)

𝐴𝑆
𝐿𝑑

𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑖𝑡
𝑑

Thus:

𝑉𝐶 [ ]

OK.
Check punching shear at 1.5d from column face

Critical perimeter for punching shear

(U) 𝐶𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑑

𝑈 𝑚𝑚

Hatched 𝐴𝑃 𝐵𝐿 𝑑

𝑚
𝐾𝑁
Punching shear force 𝑉𝑃 𝑞𝑂 𝐴𝑝
𝑚
𝑚 𝐾𝑁

Punching shear stress 𝑣𝑃

𝑉𝑃 𝐾𝑁
0.1066 N/mm2
𝑑 𝑑

Since 𝑣𝑃 𝑉𝐶

0.1066 N/mm2< 0.373 OK

Anchorage length = 40*20mm = 800 mm

Therefore no need for bends.