PNP Crowd Control

ACADEMIC DEPUTY DIRECTORATE
DEVELOPED SYLLABLE
OF
COMPLEMENTARY PROGRAM
2006
NCO OFFICER SCHOOL
------------------------
SYLLABUS
POP CROWD CONTROL
(TECHNICAL PROCESS)
YO. GENERAL DATA
CURRICULAR AXIS : Police Technical Training

AREA EDUCATIONAL : Specific Training
COGNITIVE AREA : Police Techniques and Procedures
STUDIES : COMPLEMENTATION
SEMESTER HOURS : 64 academic hours
WEEKLY HOURS : 04
CREDITS : 03
ACADEMIC PERIOD : II Period
II. SUMILLA
The Subject is part of the Curriculum of Studies of the School of Non-

Commissioned Officers of the National Police of Peru, its theoretical-
practical nature will make it possible to develop through its Learning
Units topics related to Police Techniques and Procedures of Crowd
Control within the principles from the human rights.
III. GOALS
TO. GENERAL OBJECTIVE
Acquire skills for crowd control in order to enable the effective

maintenance of Public Order.
b. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
1. Impart basic knowledge on the importance of crowd control.
2. Train in the mastery of crowd control techniques and

procedures.
3. Promote the apprehension of police rules and procedures for

optimal action in cases of riots.
IV. CONTENTS
I UNIT
CROWD CONTROL
 First session
Crowds. Concept. Classes: By their Objective
FIRST (Casual, Conventional or International),
WEEK Expressive or Demonstrative, Aggressive or
(04 hours) Turbulent.
MAY 15 to  Second Session:
MAY 19, Crowds by their behavior: Peaceful, Violent. Civil
2006 Unrest. Concept. Object. Characteristics
Workshop : Case Study
 First session
SECOND Causes of Crowds: social, political. Economic,
WEEK Labor (strikes and stoppages), Religious.
(04 hours)  Second Session
22MAY to Experiential Workshop: “Mob Tactics””.
26MAY2006
THIRD  First and Second Session

WEEK Video Workshop “Crowd Behavior”.
(04 hours)
29MAY to
02JUN2006
II UNIT
POLICE PROCEDURES
 First session
PNP procedures for crowd control. General
QUARTER considerations in interventions against crowds
WEEK and civil disturbances.
(04 hours) MAINTENANCE OF PUBLIC ORDER-HT 20
(*)  Second Session
05JUN to Experiential Workshop: “PNP Techniques
09JUN2006 against Crowds and Riots.”
FIFTH  First and Second Session
WEEK Workshop : “ Police Planning. Objectives and
(04 hours) Phases. Mission of the Forces .
12JUN to
16JUN2006
 First and Second Session
SIXTH Workshop: Organization. Constitution of the
WEEK Units. Crowd control group. General Duties of
(04 hours) the Group Chief Officer.
19JUN to
23JUN2006
SEVENTH  First and Second Session

WEEK Workshop : “ Weapon Planning, ammunition.
(04 hours) Material and equipment. Use of weapons and
(*) grenades. “Supplies of chemical agents.”
26JUN to HR MAINSTREAMING SHEET – 005 and
30JUN2006 HR MAINSTREAMING SHEET – 020.
EIGHTH  First session
WEEK Knowledge feedback
03JUL to PARTIAL EXAM II
07JUL2006
NINTH  First and Second Session
WEEK Workshop: “ Crowd control group formations.
(04 hours) Group meetings. Changes in group formation.
10JUL to
14JUL2006
TENTH  First and Second Session
WEEK Workshop : “ Crowd Control Section.
(04 hours) Constitution, Command. Characteristics. General
17JUL to Duties of the Chief Section Officer.
21JUL2006
FIRST Workshop: “ Crowd Control Section Training.
WEEK Section Meetings. Training rectifications.
(04 hours) Formation changes of the Section”.
24JUL to
28JUL2006
SECOND Workshop: “ Crowd Control Company.
WEEK Organization. Command. Characteristics.
(04 hours) General duties of the Company Chief Captain.
31JUL to
04AUG2006
 First session
TENTH PARTIAL EXAM II
THIRD  Second Session
WEEK Workshop: “ Crowd Control Company Training.
(04 hours) Company Meetings. Training rectifications.
07AUG to Changes in the formation of the Company.
11AUG2006
 First and Second Session
TENTH Workshop: “ Crowd Control Unit. Command
QUARTER Organization. Characteristics. General duties of
WEEK the Head of the Unit. Unit Formations. Unit
(04 hours) Meetings. Training rectifications. Formation
14AUG to changes of the Unit”.
18AUG2006
FIFTH Experiential Workshop: “ Procedures to
WEEK disperse a crowd.”
(04 hours)
21AUG to
25AUG2006
 First session
TENTH Alert plans and current operations. Organization
SIXTH of the command post. Chemical agents. Gas and
WEEK filter masks.
28AUG to Experiential Workshop: “ How to use chemical
01SET2006 agents and gas and filter masks.”
TENTH
SEVENTH FINAL EXAM
WEEK
04SET to
08SET2006
v. DIDACTIC PROCEDURES
A. Teaching techniques will be oriented towards permanent teacher-

student interaction, framed in the participatory culture, and teamwork.
B. The use of the laboratory method will be promoted through

experiential workshops and the presentation of the knowledge
acquired.
C. The development of curricular content will be eminently objective

through the use of Concept Maps and video transmission.
SAW. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS
The teacher will use the following equipment and materials to develop
the subject:
A. EQUIPMENT
Overhead projector, video recorder, computer, multimedia projector.
B. MATERIALS
It will provide handouts to students, as well as use transparencies or

videos to reinforce teaching techniques.
VII. ASSESSMENT
Attendance at the theoretical sessions is mandatory at 70% and at the

Workshops at 90%. Otherwise, if there is no justification by the Academic
Subdirectorate of the ESO PNP, the Student will fail the subject.
The learning evaluation process will be permanent and will include:
TO. Interactive Formative Evaluation, in relation to the active

participation of the Student in the classroom. The average of the
oral interventions will constitute the Oral Pass Mark.
b. Formative or Process Evaluation to check academic performance,

predict development possibilities and reorient the methodology,
involves the application of:
1. Workshops.
2. Exhibitions.
3. Two partial written exams (8th and 13th week), framed in the
models of the Objective Test, and may also contain
development and problem situation type questions, in which
the use of reflective ability, the correlation of criteria, analysis
prevails. and logical thinking.
4. A monographic research work that will be assessed in its form
and content.
c. Summative Evaluation aimed at checking the level of cognitive,

reflective and logical thinking development, for which a final exam
(17th week) will be applied, with a similar characteristic used in the
midterm exams.
d. The General Average will be calculated in accordance with the
provisions established in the Education Regime Manual of the PNP
Training Schools, as detailed below:
General average:
PG = PEP (3) + PO (1) + TA (2) +EF (4)

10
PEP = Average of Partial Exams

PO = Oral Step
T.A. = Average Workshops.
EF = Final exam
VIII. BASIC BIBLIOGRAPHY

D. Police Operational Procedures Manual.
E. Crowd Control Manual.
............0..............
FIRST UNIT
CROWD CONTROL
FIRST WEEK
MAY 15 to MAY 19, 2006

FIRST SESSION
CREW
Temporary meeting, organized or not, of a large number of people.
CROWD CLASSES
The crowd has the following classification:
a. CROWD FOR ITS PURPOSE :
- Casual .- Occasional meeting of people in which each one

thinks and acts as an individual without any common interest.
- Conventional or intentional. -It is a group of people that has

met for a specific purpose.
- Expressive or demonstrative. -It is a group of people engaged

in some activity or expressive behavior. (worshipping, singing,
dancing)
- Aggressive or turbulent. -It is a crowd whose members, under

the stimulus of extensive excitement or agitation, lose self-
control and respect for the law and follow their leaders or
agitators in the commission of illegal acts using violence.
SECOND SESSION
b. CROWD FOR THEIR BEHAVIOR :
- Peaceful. -A group of people who gather of their own will in

a previously chosen place, to attend an event announced in
advance, with the complete absence of all violence.
- Violent.- are those people who cause disturbances to

public order.
CIVIL UNREST
They are serious civil disorders or emergencies that occur as a result of the use
of illegal violence by the civilian population or as a result of mass gatherings in
sporting, political, religious activities, natural or provoked disasters, whose
disorders are sufficiently extensive. to justify the intervention of the Crowd
Control Unit.
SECOND WEEK
22MAY to 26MAY2006
FIRST SESSION
CAUSES
The causes that cause civil unrest are:

a. Social
b. Policies
c. Economic
d. Labor
e. Racial
f. Religious
g. Others
CLASSES
The types of civil unrest are:
a. Minor disturbances
b. Serious riots
SECOND SESSION
Experiential Workshop: “Mob Techniques”.

II UNIT
POLICE PROCEDURES
THIRD WEEK
29MAY to 02JUN2006
FIRST AND SECOND SESSION
Video Workshop “Crowd Behavior”.
FOURTH WEEK
05JUN to 09JUN2006
FIRST SESSION
PNP Procedures for Crowd Control. General considerations in

interventions against crowds and civil disturbances.
- Protect the life and physical integrity of the human person.
- Maintain and/or restore public order and social peace.
- Protect public and private assets.
- Unrestricted respect for human rights.
- Exhibit organized and disciplined forces, properly equipped and
instructed to psychologically impact the crowd.
- Use of forces and necessary equipment, using other horses,
police dogs, water thrown by motorized vehicles and chemical
agents, with unrestricted respect for human rights.
HR MAINSTREAMING SHEET N. 20
MAINTENANCE OF PUBLIC ORDER
The peace, stability and security of a country largely depends on

whether its law enforcement agencies can enforce national laws and
ensure public order. To monitor important events, including meetings
and demonstrations, it is not enough to know the legal responsibilities of
participants in such events. You must also know the rights, freedoms
and legal obligations of people who do not participate in said events.
Policing involves ensuring the rights of a group of people to exercise
their legal rights and freedoms without infringing on the rights of others,
while ensuring that all parties respect the Law.
The effective fulfillment of this responsibility is more difficult when the
circumstances related to the event, initially peaceful, become violent, or
even lead to riots and tensions, emergency situations or finally into
situations of armed conflict. In each situation, the institutions in charge
of applying the Law are responsible for maintaining public order, unless
a legal decision is made to the contrary.
In international law, there are two types of law relevant to the issue of
maintaining public order, international human rights law and
international humanitarian law. In this chapter, the different situations of
maintaining public order or threats to it that our societies currently face
will be studied. The legal norms applicable in each of the different
situations, meetings and demonstrations, internal tensions and internal
disturbances, states of emergency will be described; non-international
armed conflicts, and international armed conflicts. Throughout the
chapter, the consequences for the application of the Law will be
analyzed. The risks of abuse of power and authority by law enforcement
agencies and the armed forces will be particularly addressed, with
emphasis on disappearances and extrajudicial executions.
MEETINGS AND DEMONSTRATIONS
In almost every country in the world, it is quite common for a

group of people to take to the streets to publicly express their feelings
and opinions on an issue that directly affects them. Such events,
concentrations, demonstrations, or any other name they receive are
considered logical consequences of freedom and democracy, as well as
individual and collective freedoms. Unfortunately, the occasions that
drew attention and are remembered are those characterized by physical
confrontations (between the protesters themselves and between
protesters and law enforcement officials).
The dilemma of maintaining public order is presented in

strictly legal terms. According to the national legal system (political
constitution) or human rights regulations (Universal Declaration of
Human Rights, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,
people have the right to have and express an opinion, to assemble
peacefully and to associate with other people who fulfill their
responsibilities in accordance with the law. Both respect for the rights
and freedoms of other people or their reputation, public order and
security, national defense, and public health and morals are possible
reasons for restricting the exercise of the rights mentioned above,
officials Those responsible for enforcing the law will take care of
enforcing such restrictions when the competent authorities deem it
necessary. To carry out this task, they must know the rights and
freedoms of people and be technically prepared to maintain public order.
Article 22 of the ICCPR protects the right of all people

to freedom of association. However, it is important to note that according
to the last sentence of paragraph 2 of this provision "This article will not
prevent the imposition of legal restrictions on the exercise of such right
when it comes to members of the armed forces and politics." The special
condition The legal status and responsibility of the armed forces and the
police justify the imposition of additional restrictions on the right of
association of the members of both institutions. For example, many
States limit the political activities of the police and the army to prevent
these forces from “ bearers of weapons “interfere in the political affairs of
civil constitutional bodies.
The term “Police” refers to all law enforcement agencies, and their
officials, regardless of their particular name.
Internal tensions and internal disturbances
It cannot always be clearly distinguished when separate

incidents (such as meetings, rallies, demonstrations, riots, isolated acts
of violence) are related to each other and, taken together, constitute a
framework that can be defined as unrest and tensions. What is clear is
that such a framework poses serious security and public order problems
for the authorities concerned. All efforts must be aimed at the effective
application of the law, the prevention and detection of crime and the
restoration of public order. When such efforts prove futile, a feeling of
anarchy and impunity can spread throughout society, further
exacerbating existing tensions. Unrest and tension can give rise to
situations that pose a threat to the life of the nation and incite unrest.
government in power to proclaim a state of emergency.
( ) REF. HUMAN RIGHTS MANUAL, CHAPTER VII, MAINTENANCE OF

PUBLIC ORDER-PARAGRAPHS: INTRODUCTION, MEETINGS AND
DEMONSTRATIONS AND FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS.
SECOND SESSION
Experiential Workshop: “PNP Techniques against Crowds and Riots.”
FIFTH WEEK
12JUN to 16JUN2006
POLICE PLANNING, OBJECTIVES AND PHASES
POLICE PLANNING
Rational and technical process, which involves the design and development of
procedures, aimed at fulfilling the mission.
The planning establishes the tasks to be accomplished, the responsibility of the
Chief and the subordinate echelons, the relationship that must exist between
the Units and the appropriate use of the Unit's resources.
Police Planning must anticipate any eventuality that puts at risk the operational
capacity of the Unit and the fulfillment of the mission, avoiding improvisation
and "surprise."
Police Planning also entails the formulation of plans for intervention in natural
disasters and catastrophes, such as: Earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, fires, and
others, indicating the measures to be taken during the evacuation in case of
panic, looting, and others. alterations of order.
GOALS
The specific purpose of Police Planning for Crowd Control is directed towards:
to. Planning and Training.- (Before the Alert Stage)

Includes Alert Plans, normal police operations procedure;
recognition of the routes or paths to follow to reach the affected
areas; preparation of initial plans or attempts to cover probable
areas of disturbance; preparation of the necessary equipment to
be carried by personnel; specialized instruction and testing with
special equipment.
b. The Alert Stage.-

It is subject to the duration of the ALERT, which can be short or
several days. The Head of Unit must permanently prepare the Unit
so that the personnel is able to leave the Police Facility
immediately upon receipt of the order and in conditions to be able
to act, the vehicles must be supplied, the forces uniformed and
equipped, the weapons, ammunition and special equipment,
properly distributed.
Rest of personnel should be planned in case they do not act
immediately, as well as their replacement.
PHASES
The Planning must foresee the actions to be taken before, during and after the
event; goes through the following phases:
to. Mission of the forces.
b. Intelligence Planning.
a. Logistics Planning.
b. Operations Planning and
c. Planning for Training and Training.
MISSION OF THE FORCES

The Mission of the Specialized Units in Crowd Control and Civil Disturbances is:
Maintain and restore Public Order, through adequate Planning and use of
assigned personal and material resources, seeking to cause the minimum
social cost.
SIXTH WEEK
19JUN to 23JUN2006
ORGANIZATION
OF THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITS
The National Police Unit in charge of crowd control is made up of two or more
companies with an organization contemplated in the Organization and
Functions Manual (MOF) of the same.
- The Company is made up of two or more Sections.

- The Section is made up of two groups.
- The group consists of nine PNP troops, the identification symbols
are detailed in annex 01.
The Crowd Control Units will remain concentrated in police facilities,

(barrisoned) receiving constant instruction and specialized training courses in
crowd control formations, use of the rubber baton, gas mask, chemical agents,
gas shotgun, defense personnel, arrests and others of its functional
competence.
FROM THE CROWD CONTROL GROUP
CONSTITUTION
The crowd control group consists of NINE (09) officers:

- A PNP Officer (Alfz. or Lieutenant), Group Leader (No. 01).
- Six Grenadiers (02, 03, 04, 05, 06 and 07)
- Two shooters with shotguns launch projectiles (08, 09)
- (See annex No. 03 fig No. 01)
CHARACTERISTICS
The Crowd Control Group is the elementary unit used to control crowds and civil
disturbances; it has enough troops to successfully control a given crowd.
The weapons, equipment and material it possesses give it the ability to define
an action with great maneuverability; The formations it adopts make it possible
to divide crowds, make arrests, clear a street, cover service at strategic points,
psychologically impress the crowd, protect dignitaries and adopt different
formations, quickly moving from protection to intervention; allowing the Group
Chief Officer adequate control.
The employment of the group requires all of its personnel; Its condition as a
basic unit does not allow it to be divided.
GENERAL DUTIES OF THE GROUP CHIEF OFFICER
The Group Chief Officer has the following duties:

to. He is responsible for the command, discipline, instruction and
control of personnel.
b. Arranges for the appropriate formation of your group, in
accordance with the situation, terrain and number of people to
control.
c. Verify that the members of your group know the mission, checking
the compliance of their material, equipment and ammunition.
d. The Chief Group Officer, for the use of the material, will be subject to
the provisions contained in these Regulations.
ARMAMENT, AMMUNITION, MATERIAL AND EQUIPMENT.
The police officers who make up the crowd control group will be armed and equipped
with the following material:
to. The Group Chief Officer (01) will carry:
- 9mm Cal. Fist Pistol with thirty cartridges.

- Rubber rod.
- safety handcuffs
- Antigas mask.
- Helmet.
- Grenade holder bag.
- Protective vest - anti-riot
- Radio Transmitter - Receiver
- Megaphone
- Reflector (if necessary)
b. The Grenadier Sub Officers (02, 03, 04, 05, 06 and 07)
- Four (04) tear gas hand grenades (CS-CN), each.

- Rubber rod.
- Safety handcuffs.
- Antigas mask.
- Helmet.
- Protection shield and/or hook
c. The Sub Officers Shooters with Shotgun Launch projectiles (08, 09)
- Shotgun launches gas with TEN (10) projectiles

- Rubber rod.
- Antigas mask.
- Helmet.
SEVENTH WEEK
26JUN to 30JUN2006
LOGISTICAL PLANNING
Every operation for Crowd Control involves planning for the obtaining, storage,
transportation, distribution, operation, disposition and collection of the material and
equipment necessary for the police function.
When preparing Logistics Plans, the following must be taken into account, in order of
importance:
to. Weapons and Ammunition

They depend on the tactical situation and the severity of the situation; It
is necessary to know the type of weapons, ammunition required by the
personnel to restore Law and order. For specific missions, police
officers must be equipped with special weapons. The basic supply of
hand grenades and gas projectiles for shotgun launch, as well as
firearm ammunition (pistol or revolver), must be determined in advance.
b. Equipment
The basic individual team is made up of:
- Regulation uniform
- rubber rod
- Antigas mask
- Helmet
- Grenade bag
- safety handcuffs
- riot vest
- Protective shield.
The equipment per Unit consists of:
- Weapons and ammunition

- Chemical agents
- Flashlight
- Speaker system
- filming camera
- Photographic camera
- Portable radio receiver - transmitter
c. Transport
The sufficient number of vehicles required for personnel and equipment
must be included in the Logistics Planning.
d. Information tapes
To isolate an area of operations with inscriptions such as "DO NOT
CROSS THIS LINE" - "DISCARD" - "STOP" - "STOP", ETC.
and. First aid

Emergency medical care should be considered for both police
personnel and civilian casualties resulting from a Crowd Control
operation, including ambulance service, medical facilities and services
in the field of disturbance, supply of medicines, evacuation of injured,
service to make notifications to the families of the victims, etc.
F. Staff mobilization
- The personnel must be embarked in constituted units and not in
parts, since it is necessary to keep the tactical units integrated to
obtain success.
- Each unit must mobilize with its equipment, weapons, supplies
that it will need, as well as the essential reserve.
- Personnel transported in motorized vehicles must arrive at the
most appropriate area, selected in advance and located near the
area affected by the disturbance.
- It must be planned regarding the selection of routes, preferring
the shortest ones and out of sight of the crowds, without
neglecting the safety of the personnel.
- Logistics Planning also includes the selection of the personnel
disembarkation area, which must be out of sight of the crowd but
at a distance that allows them to reach the place of the
disturbance on foot, taking a compact and disciplined formation,
making an organized show of force that constitutes the most
effective and easiest way for the intervention of Crowd Control
personnel.
USE OF WEAPONS AND GRENADES
The Subs. Grenadier officers and shooters with projectile-launching shotguns will act
only by order of the Group Chief Officer, subject to the techniques of the Regulation.
SUPPLY OF CHEMICAL AGENTS.
The chemical agent supply center is installed in the Unit's warehouse. When it has
been consumed, the Operational Manager will arrange what is convenient for its
supply.
HR MAINSTREAMING SHEET No. 05 ( )

GENDER EQUALITY
Legal protection of women's human rights: Equality and non-

discrimination.
The Charter of the United Nations was the first international legal
instrument that affirmed equal rights between men and women and that
included sex as one of the prohibited grounds of discrimination (in addition
to race, language and religion). These guarantees were later recorded in
the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, approved in 1948 by the
General Assembly. Since then, equal rights between men and women have
been specified and expanded in numerous international human rights
treaties, including the ICCPR and the ICESCR. All the rights provided for in
these two instruments are applicable to both men and women, in the same
way as those contained in the Convention Against Torture and the
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial
Discrimination. Non-discrimination based on sex is also stipulated in the
Convention on the Rights of the Child and in all regional human rights
treaties (CADIP, article 2; ACHR, article 1; ECHR, article 14).
Why, then, was it believed necessary to develop a special legal instrument
on women? It was considered necessary to have additional means to
protect women's human rights because their “humanity” has not been
enough to guarantee women the protection of their rights. As explained in
the preamble of the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination against
Women, women still do not have rights equal to those of men and
discrimination against them persists in all societies.
The convention was approved by the United Nations General Assembly in
1979, and entered into force in 1981. Article 1 provides that:
“The expression discriminated against women” will denote any distinction,
exclusion or restriction based on sex that has the objective or result of
impairing or nullifying the recognition enjoyed or exercised by women,
regardless of their marital status, on the basis of equality. of men and
women, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political,
economic, social, cultural and civil spheres or in any other sphere.”
The convention strengthens and expands the provisions of existing
international instruments, developed to combat continued discrimination
against women. It points out numerous areas in which there has been
notable discrimination against women, for example, in the areas of political
rights, of marriage and family, and of employment. In these and other areas,
the Convention determines specific objectives and measures that States
Parties must adopt to facilitate the formation of a global society in which full
equality of rights between men and women allows women to exercise the
human rights to which they are entitled. correspond.
States Parties must also recognize the important economic and social
contribution of women to the family and society in general. The Convention
highlights that discrimination hinders economic growth and prosperity. It
also recognizes the need for a change in attitudes, through education, in
both men and women, so that they accept equal rights and overcome
prejudices and practices based on stereotypical roles. Other very important
characteristics of the convention is that it explicitly recognizes the need for
real equality, that is, equality in fact, not just in law, as well as explaining
special temporary measures to achieve that objective. Unlike other relevant
human rights treaties. The Women's Convention requires States Parties to
strive to combat discrimination in the private lives and relationships of their
citizens, and not only in public sector activities. The Women's Convention
has been ratified by most countries in the world. The number of States
Parties would be a sign of real commitment to ending discrimination based
on sex, if it were not for the fact that many states have formed a
reservation. As explained in the chapter Human Rights Law, the
reservation procedure is a contribution to the cause of human rights, since it
makes possible exceptions to the guarantees of Human Rights that
governments cannot offer immediately and fully at the time of ratification.
The reservation to the Women's Convention is the subject of controversy,
since there are more reservations to this instrument than to any other
Human Rights Treaty and many of them seem contrary to the object and
purpose of the convention. Some reservations, for example, concern the
general principle of non-discrimination. Another is aimed at limiting the
provisions of the Convention that provide for equal rights in the areas of
family, citizenship and legal capacity. Some reservations are so vague and
generic that it is difficult to say exactly what they apply to. This substantive
reservation can significantly limit the limitations contradicted by the states
that formulate it, consequently weakening the object and purpose of the
convention. The question of reservations to the Convention on Women has
become a political issue in the United Nations General Assembly and in the
Commission on the Status of Women. To date, however, States Parties to
the Convention have not exercised the right (in accordance with the
provisions of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties) of a sound
determination of the acceptability of reservations impairing the commitment.
with basic obligations towards women in the field of human rights.
( ) REF: HUMAN RIGHTS MANUAL CHAPTER
EIGHTH WEEK
03JUL to 07JUL2006
FIRST SESSION
Knowledge feedback.
SECOND SESSION
PARTIAL EXAM II
NINTH WEEK
10JUL to 14JUL2006
OF THE FORMATIONS OF THE CROWD CONTROL GROUP

The Crowd Control Group adopts the following formations:
to. Column one by one

b. Column of two
c. Online
d. Diagonally (right or left)
and. Wedge.
COLUMN BY ONE
This training is adopted for meetings, boarding, disembarking and moving on public
roads. The Sub Officers stand one behind the other, one step apart, in the following
order:
- Group Chief Officer (No.01)

- Grenadier Sub Officers (02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07)
- Sub Officers with shotgun launches projectiles (08, 09)
The Group Chief Officer is placed one step in front of Sub Officer No.02, or where he
can best command his group.
COLUMN OF TWO
This training is adopted for meetings, embarkation, disembarkation, movement on

public roads and for support training for the Section and Company.
The Sub Officers are placed in two columns, at one step distance and interval, the
even columns on the right and the odd ones on the left, as follows:
- To the right: 02, 04, 06, 08

- On the left: 03, 05, 07,09.
The Group Chief Officer is placed one step in front of No.02 and/or where he can
best command. The right column is the base of the formation.
ONLINE.-
This formation serves to close off streets, disperse small crowds and adopt a
defensive position.
The Sub Officers stand in a line, one next to the other, at one step interval (or at the
indicated one), the even numbers form to the right and the odd numbers to the left of
No.02, which is the base of the formation , in the following way:
- On the right: 04, 06,08.

- To the center: 02.
- On the left: 03, 05, 07, 09.
The Group Chief Officer is placed in the center of the rear of his group or where he
can best command.
IN DIAGONAL- (Right or Left)
It is adopted to clear a crowd leaning against a wall, to prevent entry into a public and
private establishment, to close an intersection from angle to angle, etc.
In this formation, the Sub Officers are placed at a step distance and interval from
each other, to the right or left, as the case may be, with the same front and
successively. He does not. 02 is the basis of training.
The Group Chief Officer is placed inside the diagonal, or where he can best
command his group.
IN WEDGE-
This formation is used to divide a crowd into small groups, breaching the weakest
points; to make arrests entering the center of the crowd, protect dignitaries or people
who are being chased by the mob.
- No.02 forms the apex of the wedge.
- The numbers 04, 06, 08, are placed one step away and interval from No.02,
successively and to the right, with the same front
- The numbers 03, 05, 07, 09 are placed at the same distance and interval from
No. 02, successively and to the left with the same front.
- The Group Chief Officer is placed inside the wedge, or where he can best
command his group.
GROUP MEETINGS
The group meets on foot or on the fly, in any formation.
COLUMN MEETING ONE BY ONE WITH FIRM FOOT
The Group Chief Officer looks for a location facing an address and orders: Meeting,
column one at a time!
- At this voice, the troops move quickly in silence towards the Group Chief
Officer.
- He does not. 02 stands behind the Group Chief Officer, one step away, with
the line of his shoulders parallel to his, raises his left arm, with the palm of the
hand extended downward, with the fingers stretched and together, until it
touches the left shoulder.
- Having distanced himself, he lowers his arm and remains motionless.
- The other Sub Officers occupy their corresponding position within this
formation, they also raise their arm as indicated for No. 02 and remain
covering themselves, at their distance, so that the head of the one in front
hides from the others that they precede it.
- The Group Chief Officer rectifies the coverage and orders: Firm!
- The soldiers lower their arm to their side without hitting the thigh.
MEETING IN COLUMN OF TWO.

The Group Chief Officer looks for a location, faces an address and orders: Meeting,
Column of two!
- At this voice, the Sub Officers move quickly in order and silently towards the
Group Chief Officer, and proceed to take the formation indicated in figure
No.03.
- The right column, which is the base of the formation, raises its arm as
indicated for the one-by-one column.
- The Group Chief Officer rectifies the distance and orders: Firm! The Sub
Officers execute the same movement indicated in the previous article.
ONLINE MEETING
The Group Chief Officer looks for a location, faces an address and orders: Meeting.-
Online.!
- At this voice, all the Sub Officers move quickly in order and in silence, towards
the Group Chief Officer and adopt the formation indicated in figure No.04.
- No.02 stands one step away from the Instructor, covers him, at the same time
raises his left arm laterally, remaining in this position.
- The even numbers stand on the right, at one step interval (or the indicated
one), raise their left arm and line up at the base.
- The odd numbers stand on the left at one step interval (or the indicated one),
raise their left arm and line up at the base.
- The Group Chief Officer rectifies the alignment and orders: Firm! Then he
takes his position.
DIAGONAL MEETING (Right or Left)
The Group Chief Officer looks for a location, faces a direction and orders: Meeting,
diagonally!
- At this voice, No.02 covers the Group Chief Officer at a step away.
- No.03 is placed one step distance and interval to the right or left of No.02.
- The others do the same successively, adopting the formation indicated in
figure No.06.
- The Group Chief Officer rectifies the formation and takes his position.
GROUP MEETING ON THE MARCH
The group meets on the fly, in any formation, under the same principles as standing
firm. The Sub Officers take the step of the Chief Officer of the Group or the one who
orders them, follow their Chief or march in the Direction indicated.
RECTIFICATION OF FORMATIONS
To cover the Sub-Officers exactly, the Group Chief Officer orders:

In column, Cover Yourself!
- Everyone raises their left arm and covers themselves according to what
is prescribed in the various formations, up to the voice of: Firm!
- To rectify the alignment, the Group Chief Officer orders:
On the right (left or center), Align yourself!
- The Sub-Officers line up as prescribed for the online meeting.
- To modify the location or direction, the Group Chief Officer places the
base Sub-Officer in the new location and orients him towards the
desired direction and proceeds as indicated for the alignment.
- The Group Chief Officer's rectifications are made in a low voice or by
signals.
GROUP FORMATION CHANGES
The group changes formation at a steady pace or on the fly.
to. On firm footing: While the group is in column formation of one, to

move to column formation of two, the Group Chief Officer orders:
Column of two, Execution!
At this voice, the odd numbers take a lateral step to the left; No.3 is
placed at the height of No.2, the others line up along the base column
and regain distance, remaining with their arm outstretched until the
voice of: Firm! The Chief takes his place.
b. While the group is in the column formation of two, to move to the

column formation of one, the Group Chief Officer orders:
Column one by one, Execution.
No.2 does not move, Nos. 4, 6 and 8, retreat, opening distances, the
odd numbers take their place in the ordered formation. The Group Chief
Officer rectifies the formation and orders: Firm!
c. While the group is in column formation one by one, to move to line

formation, the Group Chief Officer orders:
Online , Execution.
At this point No.2 does not move, the even numbers oblique to the right
until they occupy their position in the indicated formation; the odd
numbers do the same to the left, everyone lines up for No.2, until the
voice of "Sign up!" from their Boss.
d. With the group in line, to move on to formation in a column one by

one, the Group Chief Officer orders:
Column one by one, Execution!
The Sub-Officers execute the reverse movement and adopt the column
formation one by one. The Group Chief Officer commands: Firm!
e. With the group formed in a column one by one, to move to the

Diagonal formation (right or left), the Group Chief Officer commands:
¡ Diagonal (right or left), Execution ¡.
No.2 does not move, the others, in successive order, oblique (right or
left), until they are placed one step away from the one preceding them,
adopting the formation prescribed in figure No.6. The Group Chief
Officer rectifies the formation and orders: Firm!, then taking his position.
f. With the group formed in Diagonal (right or left), to move to the

formation in column one by one, the Group Chief Officer orders:
Column one by one, Execution.
At this command, the Sub-Officers execute the opposite and take their
place in the ordered formation. The Group Chief Officer rectifies the
formation and orders: Firm!, then taking his position.
g. With the group formed in a column one by one, to move to the

wedge formation, the Group Chief Officer commands:
In wedge, Execution!
At this voice, No.2 does not move; the even numbers are placed at a
distance and interval from each other and to the right; the odd ones do
the same to their left; The Group Chief Officer rectifies the formation
and orders: Firm!, taking his place in the new formation.
h. With the group formed in Cuña, to move on to the column

formation one by one, the Group Chief Officer commands:
Column one by one, Execution!
At this voice, the Sub-Officers execute the inverse, taking their place in
the column one by one, until the voice of: Firm! of the Group Chief
Officer, who occupies his position.
i. To move from one training to another:

- On firm footing.
The group acts under the same principles listed, executing the
movements in reverse, depending on the case.
- On the progress.
The group changes formation on the fly, under the same
principles as standing firm, with the commanding voices being
the following: En (Line, diagonal or wedge, column, etc.). -
March!
At this point, No.2 shortens or lengthens his step, depending on
whether he moves from a front to deep formation or vice versa.
TENTH WEEK
17JUL to 21JUL2006
FROM THE CROWD CONTROL SECTION
CONSTITUTION
The Crowd Control Section is constituted as follows:
to. COMMAND:
(1) Chief Section Officer.- A PNP Lieutenant or Ensign, equipped

with:
- 9mm Cal. Fist Pistol with 02 cacerinas and 30 cartridges.

- Radio Transmitter Receiver.
- Antigas mask.
- Helmet.
- Tear and smoke grenade.
- Rubber Rod.
- Security Handcuffs.
- Anti-riot protective vest.
(2) ATTACHED.- The most senior Sub-Officer of the Section,

equipped with:
- Rubber Rod.
- Security Handcuffs.
- Antigas mask.
- Helmet.
- Grenade holder bag
- Tear gas hand grenades (CS – CN)
- Protective Shield.
- Reflector (if necessary)
- Megaphone.
- Anti-riot protective vest.
(3) STAFF :
- Three Crowd Control Groups.
CHARACTERISTICS
The Crowd Control Section is the Unit used for its fire and movement capacity,
capable of resolving any emergency situation with its troops, being able to perform in
isolation or as part of the Company. The Gas Projectile Launcher Shotgun provides
the Boss with the opportunity to control and neutralize the action of Franco Shooters
stationed in buildings.
Used as a wedge it can divide a multitude of regular proportions. This Section is
effective when used in full.
GENERAL DUTIES OF THE CHIEF SECTION OFFICER

In addition to his duties as Chief Section Officer, he has the following duties:
- He is responsible for the Command, Discipline, Instruction and Control
of his Personnel.
- He acts according to what the Operations Order provides for specific
cases and what his own reasoning dictates in certain tactical situations.
- Responsible for the Orders issued to his Group Chief Officers,
regarding the use of weapons, ammunition and material intended to
control crowds.
- He directs the groups under his charge, issuing pertinent orders.
- He will separately instruct his Group Chief Officers on actions and
conduct of personnel Before, During and After the event.
- Collaborate with the Company Chief Captain on the Planning and
Logistics project.
- He will maintain close communication with his Group Chief Officers and
the Company Chief Captain.
- It will solve the problems that arise for the Group Chief Officers, in the
fulfillment of the mission.
- You will be kept informed of all the provisions issued by your Unit
Command.
ELEVENTH WEEK
24JUL to 28JUL2006
SECTION FORMATIONS
The Crowd Control Section may adopt the formations of

column in pairs, in a line (with support, with lateral supports, double line), right or left
diagonal (with support, with lateral supports, double diagonal), wedge (with support,
with lateral supports). In addition to this formation, in a versatile way, it can adopt
others that result from the combination of two or more of them, according to the
circumstances, the terrain and the situation of the crowd.
to. COLUMN OF TWO.-

- The Groups are placed in a column one by one, at the interval of
one step.
- The Group Chief Officers are normally located one step away,
ahead of the No. 02 of their Groups or one step behind the last
Sub Officer.
- The Chief Section Officer will be positioned where he can best
command his section.
- The Deputy Sub-Officer will always be one step interval and
distance behind the Section Chief Officer (to the right or left) as
the case may be. The Group on the right (No. 01) is the base
group.
- This training is used for meetings, boarding and disembarking of
personnel, or to start any training.
b. ONLINE.-
- The groups are in Line, one next to the other, without interval,
the 1st. group on the right (base) and the second on the left.
- Group Chief Officers stand at the rear of their group.
- The Chief Section Officer at the rear of the Line Section or where
he can best command his section.
- This formation is adopted to close side streets, disperse crowds
from a street or square and to adopt a defensive position in vital
centers and critical points.
c. ONLINE WITH SUPPORT.-

- The 1st group is online; the 2nd. group is located at the rear of
the first, in a column of two and at a variable distance, depending
on the situation and the terrain.
- The Chief Section Officer is placed between the 1st. and the 2nd.
cluster.
- This formation is adopted to reinforce the line; to relieve
personnel and to maintain the continuity of the Line.
d. IN LINE WITH SIDE SUPPORTS.-

- This formation serves to protect the Section's flanks and control
the entry and exit of buildings. In this formation, the lateral
support group marches parallel to the walls.
- The 1st Group forms online, the 2nd. group in a column of two,
with the right column formed behind the last Sub Officer on this
side and the left column behind the last troops on the same side.
- The Chief Officer of the 2nd. Group is placed where its presence
is most required, but almost always inside the formation. The
Chief Officer of the Section, in the rear of the 1st. group or where
he can best command his section.
and. IN DOUBLE LINE.-

- This formation serves to reinforce the Line, giving it greater
solidity; to relieve Line personnel. In certain cases in which the
double Line is attacked from the rear, the 2nd. group that is in
Line, turns around and disperses the crowd. In this case, the
Chief Section Officer is placed between the two groups.
- In this formation the 1st. group is in Line, the 2nd. group also in
line at the rear of the 1st. and at a distance of two meters (or at
the indicated distance).
- The Group Chief Officers are placed at the rear of their
respective groups. The Section Chief Officer is placed at the rear
of the section or where he can best command his section.
F. IN DIAGONAL (Right or Left).-

- This formation is used to clear a crowd that is next to a wall or to
evacuate people who intend to enter a public or private building,
to close an intersection leaving two streets open for the
dispersion of the crowd.
- The groups are located diagonally (right or left), the 1st. group in
front and the 2nd. group after the 1st. The Group Chief Officers
at the rear of their groups and the Section Chief Officer inside the
diagonal formed, or where he can best command his section.
- In the case of left diagonal, the 2nd. group becomes the 1st.
group, in order to facilitate changes in the formation of the
section.
g. IN DIAGONAL RIGHT WITH SUPPORT.-

- The 1st. right diagonal shape group; the 2nd, in a column of two,
inside the diagonal, with the same front and center.
- The Chief Officer of the Section is placed between the two
groups, or where he can best command his troops.
h. IN DIAGONAL LEFT WITH SUPPORT.-

- The 2nd. left diagonal shape group; the 1st group in a column of
two inside the diagonal, with the same front and center, at a
distance of two meters (or at the indicated distance). The Chief
Section Officer is placed between the two groups, or where he
can best command his section.
- Both support formations serve to reinforce the diagonal, to
relieve personnel and to maintain the continuity of the diagonal.
Yo. IN DIAGONAL RIGHT WITH LATERAL SUPPORTS.-
- In this formation, the 1st. right diagonal shape group; the right
column of the 2nd. group (which is formed in a column of two) is
placed behind the last Sub Officer on the right diagonal, in a
column of one; The left column is placed behind the 1st. Deputy
Officer of the diagonal in column one by one.
- The Chief Officer of the 2nd. group is located inside the formation
and/or where its presence is required. The Section Chief Officer
at the rear of the first group and/or where he can best command
his Section.
j. IN DIAGONAL LEFT WITH LATERAL SUPPORTS.-

- The 2nd group forms the left diagonal; the right column of the
1st. group (formed in a column of two), forms the rearguard of
the 1st. Deputy Officer of the diagonal, with the same front and in
a column one by one; the left column, behind the last man on the
diagonal, in the same way.
- The Chief Officer of the 1st. The group is located inside the
formation and where its presence is required. The Chief Section
Officer, at the rear of the 2nd group, or where he can best
command his Section.
- In this formation, the lateral support group marches along the
walls, protecting the flanks of the diagonal, preventing the crowd
from entering the houses and buildings and then intervening
from the rear.
k. IN DOUBLE DIAGONAL.-
- In this formation, the groups are diagonal (right or left), one
behind the other, at a variable distance as dictated by the
situation and permitted by the terrain.
- The group leaders are at their posts. The Chief Section Officer
inside the double diagonal or where he can best command.
- It is used to reinforce the diagonal, making it compact and
preventing leaks from the crowd.
l. IN WEDGE.-
- The 1st group forms the right diagonal; The second group, the
left diagonal, constitutes the base of the new formation.
- The Group Chief Officers are placed inside the wedge. The Chief
Section Officer is placed inside the formation, or where he can
best command his Section.
- This formation is adopted to divide a crowd into two or more
small groups, to enter a compact crowd and make quick arrests,
and to protect people from the mob.
m. ON WEDGE WITH SUPPORT.-

- The 1st group forms the wedge; the 2nd group, in a column of
two and at the rear of the wedge, two meters away. The Section
Chief Officer is placed between the two groups, or wherever he
can best command his Section.
- This formation is used to reinforce the wedge, preventing leaks
from the crowd and breaking the wedge and to relieve the 1st
personnel. cluster.
n. WEDGE WITH LATERAL SUPPORTS.-

- The 1st group is in a wedge, the 2nd. group, in a column of two;
the even numbers in a column of one are placed behind the last
Sub Officer on the right; the odd numbers in a column one by
one, behind the last Sub Officer on the left.
- The Chief of the 2nd. The group is located inside the formation,
or wherever it is required. The Chief Section Officer inside the
wedge, or where he can best command his section.
- This formation serves to protect the flanks, preventing the crowd
from entering buildings, commercial stores or private homes
and/or attacking police personnel from the rear. The lateral
supports run close to the walls.
SECTION MEETINGS
The Crowd Control section meets firmly and on the fly at the voice of its Chief, who
looks for a location, faces that direction and orders:
Meeting, Column of two!
- At this voice, the Chief Officer of the 1st. group covers it at a distance
of three steps, with their group in a column of one.
- The Officer of the 2nd. group is placed at one step interval, to the left of
the Leader of the 1st. group, in the same line and with the same front,
with his group in a column of one.
- The group on the right raises its left arm to the voice of: Sign! of the
Chief Section Officer, who rectifies the coverage and takes his position.
- The Group Chief Officers are placed one step in front of the 1st. Deputy
Officer of their respective group.
- On the march, the section meets under the same principles as on firm
foot, the men taking the pace of the Chief. The section meets only in a
column of two.
The same principles that govern the group are applicable to the section, keeping in
mind that the group on the right is the base group.
FORMATION CHANGES OF THE SECTION
The Section changes formation firmly and on the fly.
a. On firm foot
(1). With the Section in a column of two, to move on to online

training , the Chief Section Officer orders: Online, Execution!
- At this voice, the 1st group forms in line, at the same time
the Chief Officer of the 2nd. group leads their group to the
left of the 1st. and at necessary interval and online form.
- The Group Chief Officers rectify the alignment and take
their positions. The Section Chief Officer does the same.
(2). With the Section formed in line, to move on to Line

formation with lateral support or double line, the Chief
Section Officer orders: Line with support (lateral or double line),
Execution!
- At this command, the Group Chief Officers lead their
groups to the locations within the ordered formations (Fig.
Us. 9 and 11 respectively.)
- The Chief Section Officer rectifies the formation and
orders: Firm!
- The Section adopts these formations based on column
formation in pairs or line formation, without distinction.
(3) With the Section formed in a column of two, to move to the
right diagonal formation, the Chief Section Officer orders:
Right diagonal , Execution!
- To this voice, the 1st. group forms in a right diagonal, in
accordance with what is prescribed for the group.
- The 2nd group led by its Leader, forms diagonally after
the 1st.
- The Chief Section Officer and the group officers take their
positions after rectifying the formations.
(4) With the Section formed in a Column of two, to move to the Left
Diagonal formation, the Chief Section Officer orders:
Left diagonal, Execution!
- At this point, the 2nd group forms a left diagonal; the 1st
group led by its Chief, forms diagonally left, following the
2nd.
- The Chief Section Officer and the group officers take their
positions after having rectified the training.
(5). With the Section in Right or Left Diagonal to move on to the

Diagonal formation (right or left) with support, lateral
support, double diagonal.
The same procedures prescribed for the respective trainings are
used, varying only the command voice which will be:
Diagonal (right, left, double, with lateral support, with support),
Execution!.
The Group Chief Officers proceed according to what is
prescribed for the formations. The Chief Section Officer rectifies
the formation and orders: Firm!
(6). With the formation of the Section in a column of two, to

move to the wedge formation, the Chief Section Officer orders:
In Wedge, Execution!
Upon this order, the Group Chief Officers proceed as prescribed
for the formations. The Chief Section Officer rectifies the training
and takes his position.
(7). With the section formed in a wedge, to move to the wedge

formation with support or in a wedge formation with lateral
support, the Section Chief Officer orders:
Wedge with support (with lateral support), Execution!
- With this voice, the Group Chief Officers, with speed and
order, comply with what is prescribed for the formations.
orders: Firm!
- The Section can adopt these formations starting from the
column formations of two or wedge formations without
distinction.
(8). With the section formed in line, to move to formation in a

column of two, the Section Chief orders:
- At this voice the groups form a column one by one; The
Officer of the 2nd group narrows intervals based on the
1st. group on the right, until they are placed in a column of
two.
orders: Firm!
(9). With the Section formed in a Line with support, with lateral
support or in a Double Line, to move on to formation in a
Column of Two , the Chief Section Officer orders: Column of
Two, Execution!
At this command, the Group Chief Officers lead their groups in a
column of one towards the base group, forming the Section in a
Column of Two. The Chief Section Officer rectifies the formation
and orders: Firm!
(10). While the Section is in any formation, to move to the

formation in Column of Two, in Line, Diagonal or Wedge, the
Chief Section Officer orders:
In, Execution.(orders formation)!
- At this voice, the Group Chief Officers execute the
indicated formation, under the same principles as for the
group, forming quickly and silently.
orders: Firm!
(11). The Section can move from one formation to another,

indistinctly, whatever it may be, under the same principles as the
group.
b. On the March.- The Section changes formation on the march under

the same principles as on firm foot, to the voice of:
Online (Column, Wedge, etc.), Execution!
With this voice, the Section adopts on the fly the formation ordered by
the Section Chief Officer, taking his step.
TWELFTH WEEK
31JUL to 04AUG2006

FROM THE CROWD CONTROL COMPANY
ORGANIZATION
The Crowd Control Company consists of 3 Sections and is organized as follows:
a. COMMAND: A PNP Captain (Company Chief), equipped with:
- Handgun with two cassettes, supplied with 30 09mm cal

cartridges.
- safety handcuffs
- Portable radio and/or cell phone.
- protection shield
- Megaphone
- Reflector (when necessary)
- rubber rod
- Grenade holder bag
- Protective vest – anti-riot
b. STAFF :
- Three Sections of Crowd Control
CHARACTERISTICS
The company is the ideal Unit to use in the control of Crowds and civil disturbances,
because it has the necessary and sufficient elements to function efficiently and
effectively against a crowd of regular and organized size.
Its staggering (contact, support and reserve) allows it great penetration power
combined with its potential and little effectiveness, giving it flexibility in its movements
and solidity in its lines. It also has a radio and/or telephone communication system
that gives it independence, allowing it to quickly receive and transmit Command
orders and report service news.
GENERAL DUTIES OF CAPTAIN PNP COMPANY CHIEF
In addition to the functions of its hierarchy, it has the following duties:
- He is responsible for the discipline, instruction, control and command of

his Unit.
- Intervenes directly in the planning stages of Operations and Logistics
Orders, advising the Head of the USE Unit, in the formulation of
Operations Plans in terms of nature, time and place, harmonizing them
with the man-equipment factor.
- Structures the Annual Work Programs of the Companies, based on
experiences, background on the ground, the situation, personnel needs
and logistical material.
- Implements the USE Unit Alert Plan to verify the degree of efficiency
and training of its personnel in cases of emergencies and attacks.
- You will know the critical and vital points of the USE-PNP Unit, to
provide security, as well as the code and radio frequency it uses and
the telephone numbers.
- Cooperates with the Chief in structuring the training program for police
personnel, including operations of all types.
- He will be responsible for the decisions he makes in the field of action
and use of forces.
THIRTEENTH WEEK
07AUG to 11AUG2006
FIRST SESSION
PARTIAL EXAM II
SECOND SESSION
COMPANY FORMATIONS
The Crowd Control Company adopts the following formations:
a. COLUMN OF TWO
- In this case, the Sections are in a column of two, one after the
other, at a distance of three steps, with the groups being at the
interval of one step (or the indicated one).
- The Group Chief Officers and Section Chief Officer, at the rear of
their respective Units, or where they can best lead and command
their personnel. The Company Chief Captain will be placed
where his presence is necessary.
- This training is used to begin training, marches on public roads,
roads, boarding and disembarking of personnel in land, air and
water vehicles.
b. ONLINE
- In this formation the Sections are Online; the 1st Section shape
on the right; the 2nd to the center and the 3rd. On the left, the
Chief Section Officers are placed at the rear of their Sections
and in special cases (control of public entertainment), they will
be placed in front.
- The position of the Company Chief Captain will be where he can
best control his Unit.
- This formation serves to enclose a square, or a park, to close
wide arteries; control crowds in parades and public shows and
evacuate crowds of regular proportions.
(1) IN LINE OF SECTIONS BY TWO
- This training is used for magazines, initiating training and
for meetings.
- The Sections form a column of two, one next to the other.
The 1st Section, on the right forming the base, the 2nd. to
the center and the 3rd. to the left, with the interval of two
steps from each other.
- The Chief Section Officers will be placed on the right side
of their Section. The Company Chief Captain will form the
right side of his Unit.
(2) IN SUCCESSIVE LINES

- The Sections are placed in a Line, one after the other, five
steps apart (or as indicated). The Section Chief Officers at
the rear of their Sections. The Company Chief Captain at
the rear of the 1st. Section, where you can best lead and
command your Unit. In this formation the 1st. Section is
the base will form forward, the 2nd. to the center and the
3rd. rear.
- This formation serves to evacuate crowds from a wide
street or a sector of a Plaza, to close side streets. The
2nd. and 3rd. Section forces the 1st, constituting the
Support line and the Reserve line, respectively, in certain
circumstances, the 2nd. Section (Support), will internally
relieve the line of contact (1st. Section), passing through
the intervals left by this one.
(3) ONLINE WITH SUPPORT

- The 1st and 2nd. Section formed in Line to the right and
left respectively. The 3rd Section forms in a column of
Two, behind the first two and at a distance of five steps
(or the indicated one). The Chief Officers of the 1st. and
2nd. Rear sections of their Units. The Chief Officer of the
3rd. Section, form in the rear of your Section or where you
can best command your Section. The Company Chief
Captain is placed between the Line and 3rd sections.
- This formation serves to clear crowds in squares and
parks, supported by the 3rd. Section in order to avoid
breaking the line and clearing a street.
(4) IN LINE WITH LATERAL SUPPORTS

- The 1st and 2nd. Online Form Section; the 3rd Section in
column of Two. The first group of the 3rd. Section, in a
column of one by one, will form the rear of the last Sub-
Officer of the first Section on the right, at a distance of one
step; the 2nd. The group of the third Section will form a
column one by one, behind the last Sub-Officer on the left
of the second Section and at a distance of one step.
- This formation serves to progress along a street by
clearing crowds and closing the flanks in order to prevent
lateral leaks and the exit or entry of people to shops,
buildings, houses, etc. and prevent PNP personnel from
being surprised from the rear.
- The Chief Officer of the 3rd. Section will be placed inside
the formation and where its presence is most required.
The Company Chief Captain will form within the formation,
where he can best command his Unit.
c. IN DIAGONAL
The simple diagonal formation is not used in the Company, given the
main objective of these formations.
(1) IN DIAGONAL RIGHT WITH SUPPORT

- This formation, apart from its use as a diagonal, serves to
reinforce with its Support Section, the places of greatest
pressure from the crowd, preventing the formation from
breaking; to relieve the diagonal personnel.
- The 1st and 2nd. Section formed in a right diagonal; the
3rd Section in Column of Two, at the center and rear of
the diagonal formed, at a distance of five steps (or the
indicated one). The Chief Section Officers in the interior
and rear of their Sections. The Company Chief Captain is
placed between the diagonal and the section in support or
where he can best command.
(2) IN DIAGONAL RIGHT WITH LATERAL SUPPORTS

- In this formation the 1st. and 2nd. Section, they form a
right diagonal; the 1st 3rd group Section, in a column of
one, one step behind the last Sub-Officer on the right of
the diagonal formed and with the same front; the 2nd. 3rd
group Section, one step behind the first Sub-Officer on the
left of the diagonal formed, in a column of one and with
the same front. The Chief Officers of the 1st. and 2nd.
Section take their places; the Chief Officer of the 3rd.
Section, within the formation and where its presence is
necessary. The position of the Company Chief Captain in
this formation will be placed inside it, where he can best
command his Sub-Unit.
- This formation is adopted to clear crowds from the
entrance of a building, house, store, etc., preventing entry
to them; to evacuate crowds that are leaning on a wall,
avoiding, through lateral supports, the penetration of
people into the flanks and rear of the police personnel,
who can then attack by surprise.
(3) IN DIAGONAL LEFT WITH LATERAL SUPPORTS

- The 1st and 2nd. Section, diagonally left; the 1st 3rd
group Section, in a column of one at a time, forms one
step behind the first Sub-Officer on the right of the 1st.
Section and with the same front; the 2nd. 3rd group
Section, in a column of one, forms one step behind the
last Sub-Officer on the left of the 2nd. section and with the
same front. The Chief Officers of the 1st. and 2nd.
Section, take your places; the Chief Officer of the 3rd.
Section is located inside the formation and where its
presence is required. The Company Chief Captain will be
placed inside the formation, where he can best command
his Sub-Unit.
(4) IN DIAGONAL LEFT WITH SUPPORT

- What is prescribed in this Regulation is executed for the
right diagonal formation with support, forming the 1st. and
2nd. Sections, the left diagonal.
- The second group forms a left diagonal; the 1st group in a
column of two inside the diagonal, with the same front and
center, at a distance of two meters (or at the indicated
distance). The Chief Section Officer is placed between the
two groups, where he can best command his section.
- Both support formations serve to reinforce the diagonal, to
relieve personnel and to maintain the continuity of the
diagonal.
- This formation is used to reinforce the wedge, preventing
leaks from the crowd and breaking the wedge and to
relieve the 1st personnel. cluster.
d. IN SIMPLE WEDGE.-
The Company does not form a simple wedge.
(1) ON WEDGE WITH SUPPORT

- The 1st Right diagonal shape section; the 2nd, diagonally
left, forming the vertex No.2 of the 1st. group of the 1st
Section. The 3rd Section forms in a column of two inside
the Wedge and in the center, at a distance of five steps
from the vertex (or the indicated one). The Chief Officer of
the 3rd. Section forms at the rear of its Section, to the
sides of it. The Company Chief Captain, inside the
formation, where he can best command his Sub-Unit.
- This formation serves to divide a crowd; make detainees
and with the Support Section, reinforce the lines of the
Wedge to prevent leaks or breaking of it.
(2) WEDGE WITH LATERAL SUPPORTS
- The 1st and 2nd. Wedge section; the 1st 3rd group
Wedge Section; the 1st 3rd group Section, in a column of
one, forms the rearguard of the last Sub-Officer of the 1st.
Section and with the same front; the 2nd. 3rd group
Section, in a column of one, behind the last Sub-Officer of
the 2nd. Section. The Chief Officer of the 3rd. Section is
placed inside the Wedge, where its presence is required.
The Chief Captain of the Company will be located inside
the Wedge, where he can best command his Sub-Unit.
- It is used to divide a crowd, make arrests, prevent people
from entering and leaving buildings, stores, etc. and those
who may attack police personnel by surprise from the
flanks and rear.
COMPANY MEETINGS.
The Company meets firmly and on the fly only in Section Lines of two.
to. On firm footing: The Company Chief Captain looks for a location,
faces an address and orders: Meeting - In Line of Sections!
At this voice the Chief Officer of the 1st. Section (base) places itself
three steps behind the Chief Captain of the Company and gathers its
Section at that point. Each Section Chief Officer assembles his Section
in the position they must occupy in the ordered formation. The
Company Chief Captain will verify distance and intervals and order
signs.
As Crowd Control personnel always remain with their weapons on their
shoulders, it is not necessary to make prior movements or give
additional commands.
b. On the march: The Company on the march meets under the same
principles as on foot, only varying the execution of the movement since
in this case the personnel takes the step of the Company Chief Captain.
RECTIFICATIONS OF THE FORMATIONS.-
The Company rectifies the formations following the same principles as the Section
and with the same command voices, taking into account that the 1st. Section is the
basis of coverage and alignment.
TRAINING CHANGES
The Company changes formation firmly and on the fly at the voice of its Chief.
to. On firm foot

(1) With the Company in a Column of Two, to move to Line
formation, the Company Chief Captain orders:
Online , Execution!
- To this voice, the 1st. Online form section at your own
location; the 2nd Section, at a brisk pace, heads to the left
side of the 1st. Section and shape in line, with the same
front, aligning with the 1st.; the 3rd Section does the
same.
- The Company Chief Captain rectifies the alignment and
takes his position.
(2) With the Company formed in line, to move to the column of

Two, the Company Chief Captain orders:
Column of Two, Execution!
- At this voice, the Sections form a column of two in their
locations, the 1st. Section does not move; the Chief
Officers of the 2nd. and 3rd. Sections lead their Units, at
a brisk pace, to their respective locations.
- The Company Chief Captain rectifies the formation and
takes his position.
(3) With the Company formed in a Column of Two, to move on

to the Line Formation of Sections of Two, the Company Chief
Captain orders:
Line of Sections, Execution!
- To this voice, the 1st. Section does not move; the 2nd and
3rd. Section, led by their leaders at a brisk pace, obliquely
turn to the left and occupy their position.
takes his position.
(4) With the Company formed in a Line of Sections, to move on

to formation in a Column of Two, the Company Chief Captain
orders: Column of Two, Execution!
- To this voice, the 1st. Section does not move; the 2nd and
3rd. Section commanded by their Chiefs at a brisk pace
occupy their positions.
takes his position.
(5) With the Company in a Column of Two, to move on to

formation in successive lines, the Company Chief Captain
orders:
Successive lines , Execution!
- To this voice, the 1st. Section goes online on its own
location; the 2nd and 3rd. Section do the same,
recovering distances.
- The Company Chief Captain rectifies the alignment and
distances and takes his position.
(6) With the Company formed in Successive Lines to move to

formation in a column of Two, the Company Chief Captain
- To this voice, the 2nd. and 3rd. Section retreat; the 1st
Section in its own location enters in column in pairs; the
2nd and 3rd. Sections do the same.
takes his position.
(7) With the Company formed in a column of Two, to move to

Line formation with support, the Company Chief Captain
orders: Line with support, Execution!
- To this voice, the 1st. Section in its own location goes
online; the 2nd Section commanded by its Chief obliquely
to the left until reaching the height of the 1st, entering the
Line; the 3rd Section moves laterally to the central height,
stops and recovers distances.
takes his position.
(8) With the Company in Support Line, to move to the formation

in column of Two, the Company Chief Captain orders:
- To this voice, the 1st. Section in its respective location
enters in pairs; the 2nd Section does the same and heads
briskly to its location; the 3rd Section, continue to the 2nd.
takes his position.
(9) With the Company in a column of Two, to move to Line

formation with lateral support, the Company Chief Captain
commands:
Line with lateral supports, Execution! .
- To this voice, the 1st. and 2nd. Section execute what is
prescribed to enter online training with support; the 3rd
Section is separated into two groups, the one on the right
covers the last Sub-Officer on the left.
takes his position.
(10) With the Company in Line with Lateral Support, to move to

formation in a Column of Two, the Company Chief Captain
- To this voice, the 3rd. Section narrows intervals until it is
in a column of Two, the 1st. and 2nd. Section enter in
column of two in their respective locations; the 2nd and
third Sections take their place in the brisk formation.
- The Company Chief Captain rectifies and takes his
position.

the diagonal formation with support, the Company Chief
Captain orders: Right diagonal with Support, Execution!
- To this voice, the 1st. Section forms diagonal Right; the
2nd moves quickly after the 1st. and diagonal shape; the
3rd Section recovers distances.
takes his position.
(12) With the Company formed on the Right Diagonal with

support, to move to the Column of Two, the Company Chief
Captain orders: Column of Two, Execution!
- To this voice, the 3rd. Section goes back; the 1st and 2nd.
Section enters their positions in a column of Two, taking
their positions in the new formation.
takes his position.
(13) With the Company formed in a Column of Two, to move to

the right diagonal formation with lateral support, the
Company Chief Captain commands:
Right Diagonal with Lateral Supports, Execution.
- To this voice, the 1st. and 2nd. Section execute what is
prescribed for the right diagonal with support; the 3rd
Section is divided into two groups; the one on the right
covers the last Sub-Officer on the same side.
takes his position.
(14) With the Company formed in a right diagonal with lateral

supports, to move to the formation in a column of Two, the
Company Chief Captain orders:
- To this voice, the 3rd. Section closing intervals enters the
column of Two and goes back; the 1st and 2nd. Sections
in their own positions enter in a column of Two and take
their places in the formation.
takes his position.

the left diagonal formation with support, the Company Chief
Captain orders:
Left Diagonal with Support, Execution!
- To this voice, the 1st. and 2nd. Sections enter on a left
diagonal, one after the other, stacked; the 3rd Section
recovers distances and occupies its location.
takes his position.
(16) With the Company formed on the left diagonal with support,
to move to the formation in a Column of Two, the Company
Chief Captain orders:
- To this voice, the 3rd. Section goes back; the 1st and 2nd.
Section enters their positions in a column of Two; the 2nd
and 3rd. Section covers the 1st.
takes his position.
(17) With the Company formed in a Column of Two, to move to

the Left Diagonal formation with Lateral Supports, the
Left Diagonal with Lateral Supports, Execution!
- To this voice, the 1st. Left diagonal shape section; the 2nd
Section is moved after the 1st. and does the same on the
Diagonal formed; the 3rd Section is divided into two
groups: the one on the right covers the first Sub-Officer on
the right; The one on the left covers the last non-
commissioned officer on that side, at a distance of one
step and with the same front.
takes his position.
(18) With the Company formed in Left Diagonal with Lateral

Supports, to move to the formation in Column of Two, the
- To this voice, the 3rd. Narrow section at intervals until you
are placed in a column of two and go back, the 1st. and
2nd. Section enter in columns of two at their own
locations; the 2nd and 3rd. Section covers the 1st.
takes his position.
(19) With the Company in a Column of Two, to move to the

Wedge formation with Support, the Company Chief Captain
commands:
In Wedge with Support, Execution!
- To this voice, the 1st. and 2nd. Section formed in Cuña,
the 3rd. Section recovers distances.
takes his position.
(20) With the Company formed in Wedge with Support, to move

to formation in a column of two, the Company Chief Captain
orders:
- To this voice the 3rd. Section, go back; the 1st Section
enters a column in pairs on its location; the 2nd Section
does the same and enters the ordered formation.
takes his position.
(21) With the Company in a column of two, to move to the Wedge

formation with Lateral Supports, the Company Chief Captain
orders:
Wedge with Lateral Supports, Execution!
- To this voice, the 1st. and 2nd. Section enters Cuña; the
3rd Section is divided into two groups; The one on the
right covers the last Sub-Officer on the right, in a column
of one and with the same front; The one on the left does
the same to the left side.
takes his position.
(22) With the Company formed in a Wedge with Lateral Supports,

to move to the formation in a column of two, the Company
Chief Captain orders:
- To this voice, the 3rd. Section closes intervals until
entering a column of two and goes back; the 1st and 2nd.
Section, they enter in column of two in their respective
locations; the 1st Section does not move; the 2nd and 3rd.
Sections cover it.
takes his position.
b. On the progress :
(1) The Company changes formation on the fly under the same
principles as on firm footing, to the voice of:
Column in pairs (Line, Wedge, Diagonal, etc.), March!
At this voice, the Sections adopt the formations ordered on the
fly and take the step of their Chief.
The Company can go from any formation to the Line of Sections, previously passing
through the Column of Two.
The formation changes of the Company, whether on foot or on the march, begin in
the Column of Two, which must be passed previously.
FOURTEENTH WEEK
14AUG to 18AUG2006
FROM THE CROWD CONTROL UNIT
ORGANIZATION
The Crowd Control Unit is organized as follows:
d. Command:
1. A Chief Unit Commander, equipped with:
- Cal fist gun. 9mm two magazines with 30 cartridges.

- A portable radio transmitter - receiver
- A command vehicle with radio transmitter-receiver.
2. A Major Chief of Administrative Planning, who will replace the Head

of the Unit in his absence.
3. A Major Head of Operational Planning.
4. An Assistant Captain.
e. Staff :
1. Two or more Crowd Control Companies
2. Intelligence Agents in variable numbers according to needs.
CHARACTERISTICS
The Crowd Control Unit is the Higher Unit for the use of forces in crowd control and
civil disturbances; Its firepower, material and cash at its disposal keep it in a position
to control large-scale disturbances.
The Intelligence Section that it has provides it with necessary and indispensable
information required by the Command for the preparation of Operations Plans and
Orders, based on knowledge of the place, the causes, the number of people who will
intervene in a disturbance, identification of leaders, location of weapons,
communication systems and any other information required for the prevention of
disturbance and the adoption of essential security measures for vital centers,
protection of public buildings and industrial and commercial facilities.
The communications system that it has allows it to know all the superior provisions
and transmit them to its subordinates with the additional Directives that it deems
necessary.
GENERAL DUTIES OF THE HEAD OF UNIT
In addition to those indicated in the Regulations in force, it has the following:

- He is responsible for the Command, discipline, instruction,
administration and control of his Unit.
- He is also responsible for Planning the Operations of his Unit, as well
as for the training and training of the personnel under his command, for
which he has the collaboration of his subordinate echelons who give
him an estimate of the situation; of the other Unit Heads, through the
coordinated function they perform and the necessary and indispensable
material elements they receive, to be able to carry out adequate and
realistic planning.
- Carry out periodic tests of the Security and Defense Plan for the
premises of your Unit, making sure that it has been duly assimilated by
the personnel, giving the appropriate instructions, solving any problems
that arise.
- It is responsible that the personnel under his command go to service
properly equipped and ready to face any eventuality.
- Periodically meet with the Officers under your command to review the
Planning of your Unit, introducing the improvements that you deem
appropriate as a result of the experience obtained in the service,
rehearsals and drills.
- Specifically determine the conduct to be followed by personnel, before,
during and after a disturbance.
- Dictate, in writing, the measures that you deem necessary for the best
fulfillment of the Mission entrusted to your Unit.
- Is responsible for non-compliance with the assigned Mission in crowd
control, if this results from inadequate planning.
UNIT FORMATIONS.
The Crowd Control Unit adopts the following formations:

Line of Companies, Column of Companies and Column of Two.
to. LINE OF COMPANIES

- In this formation the Companies are in a Line of Sections of Two,
one next to the other with the interval of two steps, the 1st.
Company will form on the right and will be the base of the
formation; the others, to their left, in a correlative manner. The
Company Chief Captains will be placed to the right of their Units,
in the space between Company and Company. The Unit Leader
will stand in front of his Unit, followed by his command group.
- This training is used for Unit meetings; for reviews and
inspections and to initiate training changes.
b. COMPANIES COLUMN
- In this formation, the Companies are in a Line of Sections of
Two, one behind the other, at a distance of five steps counted
from the last Sub-Officer of the Company that precedes, the 1st.
Sub-Officer of the following. The 1st Company forms forward and
forms the basis of training. Company Chief Captains are placed
to the right of their Units and at one step interval. The Chief
(Commander), in front of his Unit, followed by his command
group.
- This training is used for Unit meetings in small spaces.
c. COLUMN OF TWO
- The 1st Company forms in a column of Two, followed by the
others in the same formation, five steps away from the last Sub-
Officer of the Company that precedes, the 1st. of which follows.
- This formation is used to march on public roads; boarding and
disembarkation of personnel.
UNIT MEETINGS
The Unit meets only standing firm, in Company Lines and in Company Columns.
to. Online Companies:

The Head of the Unit looks for a location, faces an address and orders:
Online Companies, Meeting!
- With this voice, the Company Chief Captains gather their Sub-
Units in Line of Sections and lead them to the proximity of their
Unit Chief; the Chief Captain of the 1st. Company, is placed five
steps behind the Unit Leader, covering him, followed by his
Company in Line of Sections.
- The Chief Captain of the 2nd Company places himself at one
step interval from the Sub-Officer on the left of the 1st. Company
and in the same line, his Company in Line of Sections is aligned
for him, the other Companies do the same.
- The Chief Captain of the 1st. Company occupies its position; The
Head of the Unit rectifies the coverage and alignment and
orders: Firm!, lowering the arm of the Company's base columns.
b. In Companies Column.
The Head of the Unit looks for a location, faces an address and orders:
Company Column, Meeting!
- At this command, the Company Chief Captains gather their Sub-
Units in Line of Sections in pairs and lead them to the proximity
of their Unit Chief.
- The Chief Captain of the 1st. Company, is placed five steps
away from the Head of Unit, covering him exactly, followed by
his Company in Line of Sections; the Chief Captain of the 2nd.
Company occupies its location followed by its Unit, in the same
formation; the Chief Captain of the 3rd. Company does the same
and so on.
- The Captains take their places; The Head of Unit rectifies the formation
and orders: Firm!, lowering the arm of the base columns of the
Company.
The Unit rectifies the formations following the same procedure as the Companies and
with the same command voices, keeping in mind that the 1st. Company is the basis
of coverage and alignment.
TRAINING CHANGES
The Unit changes formation firmly and on the fly.
to. On firm footing:
(1) With the Unit formed in the Line of Companies, to move to

the Column of Companies, the Head of Unit commands:
Column of Companies, Execution!.
To this voice, the 1st. Company does not move; the Chief
Captain of the 2nd. Company leads its Sub-Unit, at a brisk pace,
to its location, followed by the 3rd. Company, which does the
same; The Head of Unit rectifies the training and orders:
Firm! : the base column (right) lowers the arm.
(2) With the Unit formed in a Column of Companies, to move on

to formation in Line of Companies, the Head of Unit orders:
Company Lines , Execution!
To this voice, the 1st. Company does not move; the 2nd and 3rd.
Companies respectively, oblique to the left until they are placed
in the same formation at the height of the 1st. Company, lining
up for this one; The Unit Leader rectifies the alignment and
coverage and orders: Firm!, lowering his arm along the base
column.
(3) With the Unit in Line of Companies, to move to the

formation in Column of Two, the Head of Unit orders:
At this command, the Company Captains command a Column of
Two, in their own locations and in this formation the Captains
lead their Sub-Units to their locations; the 1st Section of the first
Company, does not move; the 2nd covers it and so on. The
Head of Unit rectifies the formation and orders: Firm!: the base
column (right), lowers the arm.
(4) With the Unit formed in a Column of Two, to move on to the

Company Line formation, the Head of Unit orders:
Line of Companies, Execution!
- With this voice, the Captains command Line of Sections in
their own locations and in this formation they lead them
individually, placing them in the ordered formation; the 1st
Section of the 1st. Company does not move to be the
base.
- The Head of Unit rectifies the coverage and alignment
and orders: Firm!, lowering his arm on the right column.
(5) With the Unit formed in a Column of Companies, to move on

to formation in a Column of Two, the Head of Unit orders :
Column of Two, Execution! .
- To this voice, the 3rd. and 2nd. company retreat the
required distance and when they reach the location they
must occupy in the ordered formation, they stop
individually.
- The Chief Captains of the Company command in a
Column of Two; the first Sections do not move.
- The Head of Unit rectifies the coverage and orders: Firm!,
lowering his arm on the right column.
(6) With the Unit formed in a Column of Two, to move on to

formation in a Column of Companies, the Head of Unit
commands: Column of Companies - Execution
At this voice, the Company Chief Captains, in their own
locations, command the Line of Sections, adopting the ordered
formation, recover distances and cover themselves. The 1st
Section of the 1st. Company, not moving (base). The Head of
Unit rectifies the coverage and alignment and orders: Firm! The
base men lower their arms
b. On the progress:
(1) The Unit changes formation on the fly, under the same
principles as the Company and under the voice of:
Column (the required formation is ordered), March!
At this command, the Companies adopt the ordered formations
on the fly, shortening or lengthening the pace of the base
Section or Company, depending on whether it moves from a
deep formation to a forward one; the Chief Captain of the 1st.
Company adopts the Boss's step, being imitated by all staff.
FIFTEENTH WEEK
21AUG to 25AUG2006
EXPERIENCED WORKSHOP: “PROCEDURES TO DISPERSE A CROWD”

To disperse a crowd, the following procedures must be followed:
to . Display before the crowd the deployment of organized, disciplined, well-
equipped forces acting under a Command.
b . The police officer in command will adopt dissuasive and tolerant
actions, trying to meet with the leader or leader, to dialogue and get
them to abandon their attitude. If the objective is achieved, the area will
be patrolled to not allow the crowd to gather again.
c. . The perpetrators of attacks against the life, physical integrity of people
and against public and private property, identified by intelligence
personnel, will be arrested and placed at the disposal of the competent
authority with the corresponding documentation.
d. If the crowd does not disperse, police intervention will be carried out,
according to the established Plan, previously verifying the direction of
the wind, to facilitate the effective use of chemical agents, in case of
serious disturbance of Public Order.
and. To dissolve the crowd, proceed from the least compact side, adopting
the most convenient formation, in order to divide it and disperse it in the
sense or direction in which the Operational Chief has foreseen.
F. If the use of water jets has not been sufficient to control the crowd,
chemical agents will be used. If the gases and water do not work, police
personnel will intervene directly.
g. In the event of blocking public roads with stones, bricks and other
objects, including burning tires, the roads will be cleaned by first
extinguishing the tire fire, adopting the relevant safety measures.
h. You should never intimidate, deceive or challenge people, nor should
you promise them what is not going to be fulfilled.
Yo. When using the training, it is advisable to keep in mind:
(1) Face the crowd with disciplined and organized forces.

(2) Avoid excessive and indiscriminate use of force, in order to avoid
the social cost.
j. Crowd control formations must be used in combination with the use of

motorized vehicles, seeking the protection and maneuverability of
police personnel. Avoiding parking vehicles near protesters who are
within the action zone, because they may be attacked by the mob.
k. It is necessary for the Traffic Unit to participate by regulating vehicular
circulation and/or closing the arteries of the action zone, previously
determined in the Operations Plans.
l. In the Action Zone, wide exits for the crowd must be provided for in the
Operations Plans.
m. Police personnel should not be fazed or exasperated by the insults,
gestures, gestures and other actions of the crowd, with which they try to
provoke a violent reaction, to discredit the Institution.
n. Prevent staff from snatching flags or banners carried by protesters, so
as not to exacerbate tempers.
ñ. Refrain from using blunt objects (rocks, sticks or iron) thrown at police
personnel, as a response to the attack by protesters, showing at all
times a calm attitude and a high degree of professionalism in your
intervention.
SIXTEENTH WEEK
28AUG to 01SET2006
FIRST SESSION
OF THE ALERT PLANS AND OPERATIONS IN CURRENT
It is the duty of every Chief (group, section, company and Unit) to prepare the
detailed Alert Plan, based on the Alert Plan of the immediately Higher Unit, as far as
its jurisdiction and functions are concerned. Alert Plans must contain the following
points:
to. Put the Unit in an "ACT" situation at any time and immediately.
b. Made to be used in cases of riots, attacks on barracks, fires and public

calamities and other natural disasters.
c. It must be modified in accordance with or as a result of the experiences

obtained in tests or drills carried out and the latest Command
provisions. Alert Plans must include the following techniques:
- Verification of the Alert Order by the Duty Officer immediately

after receipt; way to alert the Units during Guard, Barracks and
Free Duty periods; action to be adopted by the Company Chief
Captains, Section Chief Officers and Group Chief Officers,
during the execution of the Alert Order, including uniforms,
weapons, ammunition, gas equipment, organization and
individual equipment, supplies, vehicles, training and parade of
personnel, boarding and disembarkation, security, tactical and
administrative details.
- Instructions and distribution of the Operations Order; time
allocated and used in each of the movements, modifications with
respect to detail orders and everything that is necessary to put
into practice to achieve the speed and efficiency of the personnel
at the alert.
d. The Alert Plans must be clearly understood by all echelons and by each
of the components of the Units. Each individual must know their duties,
become familiar and mechanized to the point of automatism, with all the
movements that must be performed at the right time and also the duties
of the immediate superior to be able to replace them at any time.
The administration of Current Operations Plans (POV) includes:

to. Issues regarding food and water, first aid stations and posts, reports of
injuries.
b. Loading of ammunition and chemical agents, supply procedures.
c. Types of vehicles to use and their distribution as well as everything
related to communications, but they are limited only to these problems.
d. The tactics of the current Operations Plans include, but are not limited
to, construction, defense and displacement of obstructive blocks on
roads, patrols, security, designation of selected snipers, plans for the
use of chemical material and designation of the personnel who will
execute these plans.
OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE COMMAND POST
ORGANIZATION
The Commander, in the field of operations, is in command of all personnel assigned

according to the Operations Order.
He will direct and control the situation, establishing the organization and deployment
of the assigned forces, previously determined in the planning.
It will establish a Support Line as soon as possible, before the riots start. It will be
placed at the rear of the Line of Contact, at such a distance that it can be linked by
sight. Their sections must remain in formation.
The Support Line (LA) will relieve the Contact Line (LC) personnel, in groups or
individually, according to the needs of the Contact Line Commander.
When the pressure of the crowd on the Line of Contact is excessive, reinforcements
will immediately be sent to the weakest part of it; In this case the forces of the
Reserve Line will relieve or cover those of the Support Line.
The Commander will maintain constant communication with the Head of Crowd
Control, by telephone or portable radio transmitter.
Reserve personnel must be at the Crowd Control Unit to go to the place where they
are requested.
At the end of the operations, the Operational Chief will report in writing to the General
Command about the developments presented in the area of personnel, logistics, and
operations, as well as suggestions and recommendations to improve and/or correct
observed deficiencies.
OF CHEMICAL AGENTS
CHEMICAL AGENTS
The types of chemical agents used in Crowd Control are:
to. Tear gas (CN).

They affect the tear glands, they are not toxic enough to endanger
people's health, but they do produce a psychological effect (fear, fear,
panic.).
b. Irritant (CS).
It affects the most sensitive parts of the body, producing temporary
irritation without harming health; produces psychological effect.
c. Smoking.
Substance that is frequently used to produce a large amount of smoke.
It does not cause harm to people, but it does produce a psychological
impression.
The most important ammunition with Chemical Agents used in Crowd Control are:
to. hand grenades

- Tear gas
- Irritants
- Smokers
b. Short and long range projectiles
- Tear gas
- Irritants
- Smokers
c. Gas ball
- Annoying
The characteristics of the Chemical Agents are the following:
to. Tear gas (CN).

CN symbol. chloroacetophenone, odor like apple blossom, solid, used
in liquid, smoke or powder form; persists for 10 to 15 minutes in the
environment, depending on wind speed; In powder, its persistence is
greater. It produces intense irritation to the eyes and mucous
membranes, resulting in continuous tearing and temporary loss of
vision. The combustion of the gas begins 10 seconds after the grenade
is thrown, the temperature is high.
b. Irritant (CS).
CS symbol. Orthochlorobensalmalonontrile, with a smoky odor, solid and used
in liquid, smoke or powder form, persists for 10 to 15 minutes in the
environment depending on wind speed; produces intense irritation to all moist
areas of the skin, mouth, nose and sinuses. A burning sensation causes
extreme temporary discomfort. The combustion of the gas begins 05 seconds
after the grenade is thrown and the temperature is high.
(1) First aid.
- Keep your eyes facing the wind.
- Do not rub eyes
- Remove contact lenses
- Wet eyes with plenty of water.
- Sit in a place with fresh air and remain still to reduce
sweating.
- Expose affected areas to air.
- Heavy contamination can be relieved by soaking with
clean water for no less than 10 minutes.
(2) Protection against Gas.

The gas mask and well-fitting protective glasses offer limited
protection; the affected person must leave the gassed area,
otherwise they will remain in that state for the duration of the gas
action.
(3) Applications.
It is used against violent crowds or entrenched criminals, but
since the action of the gas is temporary, it does not prevent the
crowd from gathering again, therefore in these cases it is
advisable to use it in powder form, due to its persistent action.
They come packaged in hand grenades and projectiles, they are
also used with gas expelling devices.
c. Smoke grenades.
Known with the symbol HC and in the laboratory as Hexachlorothane
zinc oxide, it does not produce any harmful effects, it is used to
determine the direction of the wind, favor the progression of personnel,
launches with irritating gases, giving the impression that a lot of gas has
been used, to momentarily restrain a mob and as a psychological
effect, to protect those who disperse from the mob, avoiding their
identification.
PROPERTIES
The properties that Chemical Agents have are:
- Effective in small concentrations

- Difficult to neutralize or destroy.
- Does not deteriorate when stored.
- It is stable when transported.
- Heavy enough to stay active in the field.
- Compressible in non-corrosive containers, for transport.
- It does not cause death when used, even if it is used in large quantities.
- Of great psychological effect.
- Its effects disappear in a few minutes.
Among the advantages, it is the most effective means to neutralize the actions of a
large number of people with the minimum of damage. They spread into the
atmosphere of the area of operations, reaching protesters wherever they are
(parapets, barricades, buildings, etc.).
Tactical use depends on the physical and chemical properties of the agents, as well
as the intended use, taking into account the climate, temperature, temperament and
purpose of the protesters, the wind and the available ammunition, as well as the
area. that occupies the crowd or that which must be restricted.
Grenades with chemical agents are used by the Crowd Control Police, in public
squares, streets, avenues, highways, buildings, to divide a mob, evict entrenched
criminals, snipers and other similar cases.
The General Plan for the use of chemical agents determines the number of grenades
or gas expelling devices that must be used, but the method of use of the grenades is
determined on site.
SECOND SESSION
“INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE OF CHEMICAL AGENTS AND ANTI-GASKY AND

FILTER MASKS.”
The techniques used to throw hand grenades are the following:
to. Take the grenade with your open hand to its full extent, pressing it with
the interdigital space of the thumb and index finger.
b. Insert the middle finger of your left hand into the ring of the safety fork,
pull firmly (You can stay in this position as long as you want, as long as
you continue pressing as indicated in point a).
c. Throw the grenade towards the Dispersion Line, bringing the extended
arm back, from bottom to top and from back to front. (In this way you
will place the grenade in the place where you want to throw it and
without danger of causing damage).
d. Return to the starting position.
and. In circumstances where, after the safety fork has been pulled, the order
is received not to throw the grenade, the Grenadier Sub Officer must:
- Open the fork in two parts.
- Insert a part into the firing pin hole.
- Bend the tip of the fork, in opposite directions from each other.
- Keep it in the bag until you arrive at the Barracks, where you will
deliver it to the Unit Armorer so that he can correct any
deficiencies.
f. It must be kept in mind that the grenade will not explode as long as the
hand that is pressing the safety fuze is not removed. Hand grenades
must be thrown taking into account the following techniques:
- The grenade should not be thrown directly at the person's body.
- The gas must reach the faces of the protesters.
g. Three lines are established for the launch:
1. Line of Shooters.-
Place where the grenadiers are placed to throw the grenades, at a
distance of approximately 60 meters from the crowd.
2. Projection or Diffusion Line.-
The line where the grenades thrown from the line of Shooters must
be placed is located 25 meters in front of the Line of Shooters and
approximately 35 meters from the crowd.
3. Crowd line.-
The line before the crowd, which should be approximately 35 meters
from the projection line
4. Launching techniques.-
- Previously determine the direction and speed of the wind, by
launching a smoke grenade.
- The grenadier throws the grenade from the line of shooters
towards the line of projection or dispersion of the gas and from
this line the gas is projected into the faces of the protesters.
- You should never throw the grenade over your shoulder but
rather below the protesters.
- The Crowd Control Unit must not be in contact with the crowd.
- Staff must always work with a gas mask.
DETERMINATION OF WIND DIRECTION AND SPEED
The direction of the wind sets the position of the Line of Shooters, so that the gases
can reach people's faces, this is done by throwing a smoke grenade, observing
cigarette smoke, throwing dirt upwards, dry straw or talc.
To calculate the wind speed it is necessary to observe the following:
- An 8 km wind. per hour it moves the leaves of the trees.
- 15 km away. per hour it moves the tips of the branches.
- More than 17 km. per hour, moves the branches of the trees.
The speed of the wind varies the distance between the line of shooters and the
crowd; the higher the wind speed, the greater the dispersion of the gases.
The projectiles must be launched to the rear of the crowd when the wind is against
the direction of police personnel.
USE AND CARE OF THE ANTI-GAS MASK AND FILTER

Techniques are used to obtain uniformity in the procedure, economy, care and
conservation, and efficiency in the service.
to.The mask should be stored in dry and cool places, away from humidity,
dust and sudden changes in temperature, in such a way that the filter or
lenses are not crushed.
b. The mask comes from the factory with a canvas bag, wrapped inside in
another plastic bag. The filter has a screwed plastic cap which must be
removed to place it on the mask.
TECHNIQUES FOR PUTTING ON THE MASK
To put on the anti-ace mask, the following technique is used:

to.Take off your helmet and hang it on your left arm.
b. Take the mask out of the canvas bag that is hanging on the right side of
the police officer and on the shoulder strap.
c. Remove the gummed tape from the filter and stick it to the side of it.
d. Take the mask with the palm of your hand pressed together and stretched
out and your fingers together.
and. The chin is inserted and at the same time the hands are separated
tightly to completely open the mask.
F. Gently slide your hands backwards, as if settling your hair, until they are
completely removed.
g. Adjust the straps gently until the mask fits snugly to your face.
h. Check if air enters the mask, sucking it several times until pressure is felt
on the sides of the face. If the pressure does not appear or is only mild, it
is proof that there is no air filtration through any hole. In this case, it is
necessary to carefully inspect the mask; absorption will be done by
covering the filter hole with your hand.
Yo. Once the mask has been adjusted, tailored and its proper functioning
has been verified, the straps should not be removed because the perfect
fit has been achieved to fit the face.
j. Put on the helmet, first inserting the cheek piece under the filter.
k. To use the mask in training, the following technique is used:
- Interspersedly, each man takes a step back, puts on his mask and
takes his place in the formation. The other half of the Unit will do the
same.
- If there is enough distance between men, the mask placement should
be done in its own location.
- The Reserve Units will put on the mask and relieve the line
personnel.
- These exercises should be performed until uniformity and speed
are achieved.
TECHNIQUES TO REMOVE THE MASK
To remove the gas mask, use the following technique:

to. Remove the helmet by bringing it forward.
b. Take the mask filter with both hands.
c. Decidedly pull back.
d. Put the mask in the bag and fasten it.
TECHNIQUES TO INTERNAL THE MASK
To insert the anti-gas mask, upon arriving at the Crowd Control Unit, the following
technique is used:
to.Take the mask out of the bag.
b. Place it down (filter on top)
c. Wipe it with a damp cloth, first on the inside and then on the outside, to
remove sweat, dust and gas residue.
d. Clean the plastics of the mask with a paste found in a small bag inside the
canvas bag, or otherwise, with a cloth moistened with a preparation of
phenoldehyde and water (easy to purchase at any pharmacy). Cover the
filter hole with its tape.
and. Hang the mask on the wall, always upside down and suspended on two
nails. It can be stored in its canvas bag and hung, but always taking care
that when putting it in the bag the plastics and the filter are not crushed.
F. The breathing valves should never be pulled.
g. Water should never penetrate the filter, so you should clean the mask with
the filter on and face down. It is not recommended to unscrew the mask
filter because the screw is made of plastic and may deteriorate.
h. Insecticides do not affect the mask or the filter, but it is recommended not
to spray them directly.
Yo. The life of the filter is 8 hours of continuous or alternating work in a gas
atmosphere, after which it must be changed. A filter is damaged when it is
subjected to a gas atmosphere and the inconvenient filtration is
noticeable, due to the smell, taste, tearing or throat irritation.
SAFETY MEASURES FOR THE STORAGE OF CHEMICAL AGENTS
The following measures will be adopted:
to.The Store must be dry, suitable, clean, safe and cool at a temperature of
15 to 25 centigrade and 50% relative humidity, and must be stored in such
a way that the old material is at hand, but the material must not be relied
upon. for emergency cases.
b. A history of the ammunition will be kept and complete statistics, numerical,
graphic, purchase and price files and documents will be kept.
c. Keep the material in its original containers, sealed with security tape and
on a sign with the date, quality, quantity, etc.
d. Use the oldest ammunition and material.
and. After 3 years, the material must be used in personnel training.
F. Clean weapons immediately after use.
g. Inspect the entire warehouse at least once every six months and the
storekeeper must verify the returned ammunition the week following its
receipt.
h. The material used must be collected to keep track and avoid accidents
involving unexploded ammunition.
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE PROPER USE OF CHEMICAL AGENTS
What should be done :

a. When projectiles are fired, aim the Gas Lance Shotgun at 45 degrees.
b. When using chemical agents inside buildings, use only devices
specially manufactured for that purpose.
c. When trying to control a mess, make sure supplies of chemical agents
are on hand.
d. Always use minimal force.
e. Make sure masks and filters are operational.
f. Use a sufficient number of grenades or projectiles, to cover the area
occupied by the disorder
What not to do:
a. Do not fire projectiles directly into the crowd.

b. Do not attempt to disperse violent crowds
without proper equipment and plan.
previous.
c. Do not use excessive force.
d. Do not throw grenades directly at the crowd, but
at the ground in front of them.
SEVENTEENTH WEEK
04SET to 08SET2006
FINAL EXAM
ANNEX 01)
SYMBOLS TO IDENTIFY PNP CROWD CONTROL AND CIVIL UNREST

PERSONNEL.
COMMANDER PNP CHIEF OF UNIT USE
MAJOR PNP CHIEF OF ADMINISTRATIVE PLANNING
CAPTAIN PNP ASSISTANT
CAPTAIN PNP COMPANY HEAD
LIEUTENANT PNP HEAD OF SECTION
ALFEREZ PNP HEAD OF SECTION
GROUP CHIEF PNP OFFICER
PNP SUB OFFICERS STAFF
CROWD CONTROL GROUP
DEPUTY OFFICER ASSISTANT TO THE HEAD OF SECTION
ANNEX No.02 COMMAND POST ORGANIZATION

CREW
ALERTING VEHICLES
ANNEX No.03 RIOT CONTROL GROUP - ORGANIZATION

-Group Chief Officer
2
3
4 Grenadiers
5
6
7
8 Shooters with Shotgun Launch gas
9
Fig.No.1 9 7 5 3 2 4 6 8
Fig.No.4
3 2
2 5 4
3 7 6
4 9 8 2
5 3
6 Fig.No.3 4
7 5
8 6
9 7
8
Fig.No.2 9 Fig.No.6 (Left)
2
2 3
3 4 4
5 6 5
7 8 6
9 7
8
Fig.No.5 Fig.No.6 (Right) 9
ANNEX No.04 FORMATIONS OF THE RIOT CONTROL SECTION
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
6 6
7 7
8 8
9 9
Fig.No.7
9 7 5 3 2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 2 4 6 8
Fig.No.8
9 7 5 3 2 4 6 8
9 7 5 3 2 4 6 8
Fig.No.11
9 7 5 3 2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 2 4 6 8
3
2
3 2 5
4
5 4
7 6 7
6
9 8 9
8
Fig.No.9 Fig.No.10
64
2
3
6
7
8
9
2
3
Fig.No.12 (Right) 4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3 2
4 3
5 4
6 5
7 6
8 7
9 8
9
Fig.No.17
65
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3 Fig.No.12 (left)
4
5
6
7
8
9
66
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
6 6
7 7
8 8
3 2 9 9
3 2
5 4 5 4
7 6 7 6
9 8 9 8
Fig.No.13 Fig.No.14
2 2
3 3
3 4 4 2
5 5
5 6 6 4
7 7
7 8 8 6
9 9
9 8
2 3
Fig.No.15 4 5 Fig.No.16
6 7
8 9
67
2
2 3
3 4
4 5
5 6
6 7
7 8
8 9
Fig.No.18
2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9
3 2
5 4
7 6
9 8
Fig.No.19
68
2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
Fig.No.20
69
ANNEX No.08 FORMATIONS OF THE RIOT CONTROL COMPANY
Fig.No.21
Fig.No.22
Fig.No.23
70
1S
2S
3S
Fig.No.24
3S
Fig.No.25
2G-3S 1G
– 3S
Fig.No.26
71
1S 2S
2S 1S
Fig.No.27 1S Fig.No.30
2S
Fig.No.28
72
2S
1S
Fig.No.29
73
2S 1S
3S
Fig.No.31
2S 1S
2G - 3S IG-3S
Fig.No.32
74
ANNEX No.12 FORMATIONS OF THE RIOT CONTROL COMMAND
2C 1C
2C
1C
Fig.No.33 Fig.No.35
1C
Fig.No.34

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ACADEMIC DEPUTY DIRECTORATE

YO. GENERAL DATA

CURRICULAR AXIS : Police Technical Training

The Subject is part of the Curriculum of Studies of the School of Non-

TO. GENERAL OBJECTIVE

Acquire skills for crowd control in order to enable the effective

1. Impart basic knowledge on the importance of crowd control.

2. Train in the mastery of crowd control techniques and

3. Promote the apprehension of police rules and procedures for

THIRD  First and Second Session

SEVENTH  First and Second Session

A. Teaching techniques will be oriented towards permanent teacher-

B. The use of the laboratory method will be promoted through

C. The development of curricular content will be eminently objective

Overhead projector, video recorder, computer, multimedia projector.

It will provide handouts to students, as well as use transparencies or

Attendance at the theoretical sessions is mandatory at 70% and at the

The learning evaluation process will be permanent and will include:

TO. Interactive Formative Evaluation, in relation to the active

b. Formative or Process Evaluation to check academic performance,

c. Summative Evaluation aimed at checking the level of cognitive,

PG = PEP (3) + PO (1) + TA (2) +EF (4)

PEP = Average of Partial Exams

VIII. BASIC BIBLIOGRAPHY

MAY 15 to MAY 19, 2006

a. CROWD FOR ITS PURPOSE :

- Casual .- Occasional meeting of people in which each one

- Conventional or intentional. -It is a group of people that has

- Expressive or demonstrative. -It is a group of people engaged

- Aggressive or turbulent. -It is a crowd whose members, under

b. CROWD FOR THEIR BEHAVIOR :

- Peaceful. -A group of people who gather of their own will in

- Violent.- are those people who cause disturbances to

The causes that cause civil unrest are:

Experiential Workshop: “Mob Techniques”.

FIRST AND SECOND SESSION

Video Workshop “Crowd Behavior”.

PNP Procedures for Crowd Control. General considerations in

MAINTENANCE OF PUBLIC ORDER

The peace, stability and security of a country largely depends on

MEETINGS AND DEMONSTRATIONS

In almost every country in the world, it is quite common for a

The dilemma of maintaining public order is presented in

Article 22 of the ICCPR protects the right of all people

Internal tensions and internal disturbances

It cannot always be clearly distinguished when separate

( ) REF. HUMAN RIGHTS MANUAL, CHAPTER VII, MAINTENANCE OF

Experiential Workshop: “PNP Techniques against Crowds and Riots.”

FIRST AND SECOND SESSION

POLICE PLANNING, OBJECTIVES AND PHASES

to. Planning and Training.- (Before the Alert Stage)

b. The Alert Stage.-

MISSION OF THE FORCES

FIRST AND SECOND SESSION

OF THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITS

- The Company is made up of two or more Sections.

The Crowd Control Units will remain concentrated in police facilities,

FROM THE CROWD CONTROL GROUP

The crowd control group consists of NINE (09) officers: