Statements PAU Zaragoza Industrial Technology II 2001-2010

ZARAGOZA'S UNIVERSITY
ENTRANCE EXAMS TO COLLEGE

LOGSE - JUNE 2001
INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY
Available time: 1 hour. 30m.
The use of vocabulary and scientific notation will be valued. Spelling errors, disorder, lack of cleanliness in presentation and poor
writing may result in a decrease of up to one point in the grade, except in extreme cases.
SCORE TO BE AWARDED FOR THIS EXERCISE: (see the different parts of the exam)
OPTION A (Answer 4 questions out of the 5 proposals)
1. Question: MATERIALS
Explain and comment on the structural components of Fe-C alloys. (2.5 points)
2. Question: PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES

Energy balance of a heat engine. (1.25 points)
Concepts of Power and Performance of a thermal engine. (1.25 points)
3. Issue: AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

Simplify the following control system until you achieve the transfer function. (2.5 points)

Given the following Boolean equation: F = ab + bc + bcd + abcd + ad
a) Reduce using Karnaugh maps (0.75 points)
b) Truth table of F (0.75 points)
c) Logic diagram with NAND gates and inverters (1 point)
5. Question: PNEUMATIC CIRCUITS

Types of pneumatic valves according to their actuation. (2.5 points)
tecnologia_ind_log_jun2001.doc Page1 of 3
OPTION B (Answer 4 questions out of the 5 proposals)
Rockwell test: Objectives, foundations and operation of the method. (2.5 points)

Fundamental elements of a refrigeration unit: Scheme and mission of each of them. (2.5 points)

Simplify the following control system until you achieve the transfer function. (1.5 points)
Define and give an example of:

a) Open loop system. (0.5 points)
b) Closed loop system. (0.5 points)
4. Issue: CONTROL PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS

Let be a digital system that is intended to develop a logical function given by the following truth table:
d c b to Ye
0 0 0 0 s 0
0 0 0 1 1
0 0 1 0 1
0 0 1 1 1
0 1 0 0 0
0 1 0 1 1
0 1 1 0 0
0 1 1 1 1
1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 1 0
Rest or actions x
combinatio
n
It is asked to find the logical function using Karnaugh maps and represent the function with NOR gates and
inverters. (2.5 points)

We want to design a single-acting pneumatic cylinder that uses an air volume of 1300 cm 3 in its operation, whose
working pressure is 10 kp/cm 2 , and whose length is 25 cm.
It is requested:
b.1) Find out the diameter of the cylinder. ( 1 point )
b.2) Calculate the forward and backward forces of this cylinder if the friction force is considered null, and the
force of the spring is 6% of the theoretical force. (1.5 points)
SPECIFIC CORRECTION CRITERIA
Two Options A and B are offered, of which the student will choose one of them. Each one consists of five
questions from each of the blocks that constitute the subjects of the program. The student must answer four of them
chosen from the five of their preferred option.
A maximum of 2.5 points may be attributed to each question, according to the scoring breakdown indicated in the
statement. If this distribution is not specified, the corrector must assume the distribution that he or she believes is most
convenient.
In the specific correction of the subject in question, the general approach to the question or problem, the
development of said approach with the results obtained, as well as the clarity in the presentation of the concepts will be
valued mainly. The use of appropriate terms, magnitudes and units must also be taken into account.
Specifically, if the statement does not specify how to determine the influence or magnitude of any property from
which a result is inferred, the establishment of own criteria, based on general situations or agreed solutions, will be
highly valued.
LOGSE - JUNE 2002
TIME AVAILABLE: 1 H. 30M.
OPTION A
QUESTION 1 : MATERIALS
Define: Plastic deformation. Creep. Tenacity. Fragility. Rigidity. (2 points)
QUESTION 2 : PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES

Discuss the operation of a direct current electric motor. Types of excitement. (2 points)
QUESTION 3 : AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

Simplify the block diagram in the figure, and obtain Y/X (2 points)
QUESTION 4 : CONTROL AND PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS.

Simplify functions:
A) F = abc + ab c (1 point)
B) S = abc + ab c + a b c + abc (1 point)
QUESTION 5 : PNEUMATIC AND OLEOHYDRAULIC CIRCUITS.

1. Describe the valves depicted below. (1 point)
c)
2. Design a pneumatic circuit with a push button that activates the slow release of the rod of a double-
acting cylinder. When the stem reaches a certain position, a limit switch detects it and causes the stem to
return to the rest position quickly. (1 point)
OPTION B
INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - LOGSE - JUNE 2002 1

QUESTION 1 : MATERIALS
Folding and drawing tests. (2 points)
QUESTION 2 : PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES

A) Draw the theoretical Carnot cycle, explaining each of the phases. ( 1 point)
B) A refrigerator operates according to the Carnot refrigeration cycle and cools at a rate of 500KJ/hour.
The temperature of the refrigerator must be –15ºC inside and the ambient temperature is 25ºC. It is
requested:
a) Motor power that the refrigerator must have to achieve that temperature. (0.5 points)
b) If the efficiency of the refrigerator were 60% of Carnot's ideal efficiency, what should then be the
power of the motor? (0.5 points)
QUESTION 3 : AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

Explain the concept of transfer function of a control system. ( 2 points)
QUESTION 4 : CONTROL AND PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS.

Given the following boolean function:
F = ab + cd + bd + bcd
A) Reduce it through Karnaugh maps. (0.5 points)
B) Truth table of F (0.5 points)
C) Logic diagram with NAND gates and inverters. ( 1 point )
QUESTION 5 : PNEUMATIC AND OLEOHYDRAULIC CIRCUITS.

Discuss the existing types of pneumatic compressors and explain their applications. ( 2 points)

Two Options A and B are offered, from which the student will choose one of them. Each one
consists of five questions from each of the blocks that constitute the subjects of the program.
The student must answer all five of the option they have preferred.
A maximum of 2 points may be attributed to each question, according to the scoring

breakdown indicated in the statement. If this distribution is not specified, the corrector must
assume the distribution that he or she believes is most convenient.
In the specific correction of the subject in question, the general approach to the question or
problem, the development of said approach with the results obtained, as well as the clarity in
the presentation of the concepts will be valued mainly. The use of appropriate terms,
magnitudes and units must also be taken into account.
Specifically, if the statement does not specify how to determine the influence or magnitude of
any property from which a result is inferred, the establishment of own criteria, based on
general situations or agreed solutions, will be highly valued.

LOGSE - JUNE 2003
Exercise : INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY
Available time : 1 hour. 30m.
OPTION A
1st Question: MATERIALS

Constitution of Fe-C alloys (Only list). Draw the simplified Fe-C diagram. (2.5 points)
2nd Question: PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES

Draw the theoretical Carnot cycle, explaining each of the phases. A refrigerator operates according to the
Carnot refrigeration cycle and cools at a rate of 400 KJ/hour. The temperature of the refrigerator must be
–20ºC inside and the ambient temperature is 2ºC.
a) What motor power must the refrigerator have to achieve this temperature? (1.25 points)
b) If the refrigerator's efficiency was 70% of Carnot's ideal efficiency, what should then be the engine
power? (0.75 points)
c) Calculate the money it costs to maintain the refrigerator in section b) for 8 hours of operation, if the
price per kWh is €0.1. (0.5 points)
3rd Question: AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

Explain and draw the possible basic combinations (simplifications) of blocks that can be carried out in
control systems. (2.5 points)
4th Question: CONTROL AND PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS

a) Express in decimal base the following binary numbers: 111111.11 and 000100.011 (0,75 points)
b) Pass the following numbers of decimal base to binary base: 20,375 (0,5
points)
c) Pass the following numbers of decimal base to hexadecimal base: 5468 (0,75
points)
d) Pass the following numbers of hexadecimal base to decimal base: 1FA5 (0,5
points)
5th Question: PNEUMATIC AND OLEOHYDRAULIC CIRCUITS

There is a single-acting cylinder that uses an air volume of 10,000 cm3 and a pressure of 25 Kp/cm2 in its
operation. If its length is 55 cm and its spring force and friction force are negligible, calculate:
a) Cylinder diameter. (1.25 points)

b) Cylinder strength. (1.25 points)

OPTION B

Factors that influence temper. Types of tempering. Why tempering is done after quenching.
(2.5 points)

A refrigeration machine that operates according to the Carnot cycle must transfer 500 Kcal/min from a
maintenance room that is at 0ºC to the atmosphere at 32ºC. Calculate the power required by the
machine, its efficiency and the heat flow expelled to the environment. (2.5 points)

Simplify the following block diagram and obtain the Z/X transfer function (2.5 points)
4th Question: CONTROL AND PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS Build the truth table of the
following logical functions.
a) F ( x , y , z , w ) = xz + yw + xz (0.75 points)
b) F(x,y,z,w)=(x+z)+(x+y) (1 point)
c) F(x,y,z)=(x+z) (0.75 points)

List and draw the different types of controls for single- and double-acting pneumatic cylinders.
(2.5 points)
Exercise: INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY
Two Options A and B are offered, from which the student will choose one of them. Each one consists of
five questions from each of the blocks that constitute the subjects of the program. The student must
answer four of the five of the option they have preferred.
A maximum of 2.5 points may be attributed to each question, according to the scoring breakdown
indicated in the statement. If this distribution is not specified, the corrector must assume the distribution
that he or she believes is most convenient.

development of said approach with the results obtained, as well as the clarity in the presentation of the
concepts will be valued mainly. The use of appropriate terms, magnitudes and units must also be taken
into account.
Specifically, if the statement does not specify how to determine the influence or magnitude of any
property from which a result is inferred, the establishment of own criteria, based on general situations or
agreed solutions, will be highly valued.

LOGSE - JUNE 2004
OPTION A (ANSWER 4 OF THE 5 QUESTIONS)

Fatigue: Explain what it is and how it can be assessed. (2.5 points)

A refrigeration machine works according to the Carnot cycle, manufacturing 5kg of ice per hour, from
water at 0ºC, with the outside environment at 27ºC. The heat of fusion of ice is 80 cal/g. Calculate the
power of the compressor and the money it costs to maintain this refrigerator for 8 hours of operation, if
the price per kWh is €1. (2.5 points)

Simplify the following block diagrams, and calculate the transfer function Z/X in both cases: (2.5 points,
1.25 in each section)

a) Express the following binary numbers in decimal base: 10010, 11101 (0,5 points)
b) Convert the following numbers from decimal base to binary base: 7,1875 (0,75
points)
c) Perform the following binary additions: 111+101, 111+10 (0,5 points)
d) Draw a two-input NOR gate and make its table of TRUE. (0,75points)
a) Draw a single-acting pneumatic cylinder and a double-acting cylinder, indicating its most important
parts. Also draw your standard symbols. (1.25 points)
b) What would you do if you wanted to increase the speed of the fluid flowing through a pipe? (1.25
points)

OPTION B (ANSWER 4 OF THE 5 QUESTIONS)

General mechanism of corrosion: Definition, corrosion rate, types of corrosion, protections
existing. (2.5 points)
Explain, in a refrigeration circuit, the Carnot cycle of gas refrigeration: applications. Define the
efficiency concept. (2.5 points)

Simplify the following block diagram and obtain the transfer function between input E and output S,
explaining the process steps and any simplifications made. (2.5 points)

In a two-door car, the interior lights turn on when one of the actuators on each door is deactivated, or
when the driver presses the manual actuator located next to the rearview mirror. It is requested:
a) True table. (1 point)
b) Karnaugh map. (0.75 points)
c) Minimum logic expression and scheme with NAND gate. (0.75 points)

For a double-acting cylinder, with the diameter of the piston being 80 mm and the diameter of the rod 20
mm, working at a pressure of 6 bars, calculate:
a) The surface of the plunger. (0.5 point)
b) The annular surface of the plunger for recoil. (0.5 points)
c) The theoretical forward force in N and the theoretical tensile force in retreat in N. (1 point)
d) The net force in recoil if there are 10% losses due to friction and 6% losses
due to the dock.
(0.5 points)

into account.

LOGSE - JUNE 2005
CHOOSE ONE OF THE TWO OPTIONS A or B AND DEVELOP FOUR QUESTIONS OF THE FIVE
PROPOSALS.
OPTION A

Using the equilibrium diagram of the Ag-Cu system, determine:
a) The phases present in the different regions. (0.75 point)
b) Relationship of phases in eutectics. (0.75 points)
c) Transformations experienced by an alloy with 6% Cu and percentage of the phases at 400ºC.
(0.5 points)
d) Repeat the previous section for an alloy with 20% Cu, calculating the percentage of structural
constituents and phases at 780ºC, 778ºC and 400ºC. (0.5 points)
1083ºC

Explain the principle of operation of four-cylinder reciprocating internal combustion engines.
time. Differences between Otto cycle and Diesel cycle. (2.5 points)
INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - JUNE 2005 1

Determine the expression of the output C of the block diagram below, applying the principle of
superposition that says: “the output of a linear system, due to several inputs acting simultaneously, is
equal to the sum of the responses that each input would have if "I will act alone."
(2.5 points)

A buzzer must activate to give an alarm signal when four relays A, B, C and D meet the following
conditions:
A and B excited, C and D at rest.

A and D excited, B and C at rest. C excited, A, B and D at rest. A, B and C excited, D
at rest.
It is requested:
a) The corresponding truth table. b) The logical operating function c) The scheme with (0.75 points)
logic gates. (1 point)
(0.75 points)

Explain the types of direct, indirect and speed control controls, relying on drawings and diagrams.
(2.5 points)

OPTION
B Question: MATERIALS
1st
Using drawings, explain what the Brinell test consists of. (1.25 points)
Calculate the hardness of a carbon steel, if in a Brinell test, with a 10 mm ball, and a load of 3000 Kp, it
gives an imprint of 4 mm in diameter. What load should be used with a 2.5 ball? The proportionality
constant for steels is K=30. (1.25 points)
The engine in the figure develops a power cycle between two heat sources at 800ºC and 0ºC. The system
is made up of 0.02 moles of an ideal gas, with heat capacity at constant volume Cv=21.02 Jmol -1 K -1 .
Initially 0.448 l of the gas is compressed, from atmospheric pressure, until its volume is reduced to 0.100
liters. All processes in the cycle are considered reversible. It is requested:
a) Describe the thermal cycle. (0.5 points)

b) Find the limit states (P, V, T) of the processes of the
cycle. R=0.082 atm l K -1
mol -1
(0.75 points)
c) Draw the pV diagram (0.5 points)
d) Determine the work and performance of the cycle.
(0.75 points)

Simplify the following block diagram and obtain the transfer
function G(s) = C/E
(2.5 points)

a) Express the following binary numbers in decimal base (0.5 points):
* 10111
* 11100
b) Convert the following number from decimal base to binary base (0.75 points):
* 23,875
c) Perform the following binary additions (0.5 points):
* 101,10+101,01
* 111,11+10,10
d) Draw a two-input EXOR gate and make its truth table. (0.75 points)

For the pneumatic circuit in the figure, we ask for:
a) Explain the operation of the circuit. (1 point)
b) Identify the components of the circuit, indicating the meaning of the numbers located above the holes
in the symbol of element 1.1. (1 point)
c) Make the space-phase diagram. (0.5 points)

SPECIFIC CORRECTION CRITERIA Exercise: INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY
into account.

TEST OF ACCESS TO UNIVERSITY STUDIES - YEAR 2005/2006
HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
CALL: JUNE
EXERCISE OF: INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - TIME AVAILABLE: 1 h. 30m.
The use of vocabulary and scientific notation will be valued. Due to spelling errors, disorder, lack of clean presentation and poor writing, the grade
of the exercise may be lowered by up to one point, even more in extreme cases.
SCORE TO BE AWARDED FOR THIS EXERCISE: (see the different parts of the exam) OPTION A
CHOOSE ONE OF THE TWO OPTIONS A or B AND DEVELOP FOUR QUESTIONS OF THE FIVE PROPOSALS.
I to Question: MATERIALS
To study the resilience of a material using the Charpy test, a 10x10 mm section specimen with a U-shaped notch 1.5 mm
deep has been used. Knowing that the value of the resilience obtained is 30 J/cm 2 , that the weight of the hammer is 30
Kg, the length of the pendulum arm Im, the starting angle and height of the test 45° and 1.50 m, calculate:
a) the height to which the pendulum will rise (1.25 points)
b) the value of the angle in relation to the vertical that the mallet acquires after the blow and the subsequent breakage
of the specimen. (1.25 points)
2nd Question : PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES
Explain, using figures and formulas, the concepts of work and power. (2.5 points)
3rd Question : AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS
Closed loop control systems. Draw the block diagram and give 3 everyday examples of systems whose control is of this
type. (2.5 points)
4th Issue : CONTROL AND PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS
A logical function F is defined by the attached truth table.
a) Obtain the canonical forms of the function as sum of products and as product of canonical sums. (1.25 points)
b) Whether to simplify the logical expression of the truth table.___ (1.25 points)
x
0
AND
0
z F
0 0
0 0 1 11
0 1 0 0
0 1 1 1
1 0 0 11
1 0 1 1
1 1 0
1 1 1
5th Question : PNEUMATIC AND OLEOHYDRAULIC CIRCUITS

A single-acting spring return cylinder is performing work by compression connected to an air network of 1 Mpa pressure.
If the diameter of the plunger is 10 cm; its stroke, 3cm and the friction force can be considered 10% of the theoretical one,
what will be the force exerted by the stem at the beginning of the work cycle, considering that the spring is at its natural
length, Lo? What will be the force at the end of the stroke, if the spring constant is 100 N/cm? (2.5 points)
Option B on the back
CALL: JUNE
The use of vocabulary and scientific notation will be valued. Due to spelling errors, disorder, lack of cleanliness in presentation and poor writing,
the grade of the exercise may be lowered up to one point, even more in extreme cases.
OPTION B
CHOOSE ONE OF THE TWO OPTIONS A or B AND DEVELOP FOUR QUESTIONS OF THE FIVE PROPOSALS.
To determine the hardness of a soft material, a Rockwell B test is carried out. The depth of the indentation when the 10 kp
preload is applied is 0.010 mm, and the depth that remains after applying the 100 kp penetration load and restoring the
preload value (10 kp) is 0.150 mm. It is requested:
a) Outline and description of the essay (rely on drawings and explain them) (1.25 points)
b) Test result (deformation, Rockwell scale correlation, Rockwell hardness) (1.25 points)

Explain direct current motors using drawings. (2.5 points)

Study the stability of the system represented by the following block diagram. (2.5 points)

Establish an electrical circuit that, using switches, responds to the following logical expression.
F=(A+B)*C+(D*E) |(2.5 points)
Comment on the preparation and treatment of compressed air. (2.5 points)

TEST OF ACCESS TO UNIVERSITY STUDIES
JUNE 2007
The use of vocabulary and scientific notation will be valued. Spelling errors, disorder, lack of cleanliness in presentation and poor writing may result in
a decrease of up to one point in the grade, except in extreme cases.
CHOOSE ONE OF THE TWO OPTIONS AOBY DEVELOP FOUR ISSUES FROM THE FIVE PROPOSALS
OPTION A

A brass has a modulus of elasticity of 120 GN/m 2
and a yield strength of 250 x 10 6
N/m 2
. A rod of this material,
with a section of 10 mm 2
and 100 cm long, is hanging vertically and carries a load of 1500 N at its end.
a) Will the wire regain its original length if the load is removed? (0.5 points)
b) What will be its unit elongation under these conditions? (0.5 points) c) What is
the maximum load that must be supported to work with an admissible ^ = (1/5) ^ E ? (0.75 points) d) What
minimum diameter must a bar of this material have so that, subjected to a load of
8 x 10 4
N does not experience permanent deformation? (0.75 points)

The data in the table below correspond to different power cycles that operate between two heat sources at 600ºK
and 300ºK. All magnitudes are expressed in KJ. For each case, complete the table and determine whether the cycle
is impossible, irreversible, or reversible.
Cycle Q c Q F W cycle n
T C = 600K 1 2000 1050
2 2000 1000
Qc 3 700 1800
M 4 1600 0,30
W cycle = Q C -Q F 5 800 400 410
QF 6 1600 800 800
TF = 300K
(2.5 points)

Define the following concepts, accompanying them with representative examples: concept of the transfer function,
characteristic equation, poles. (2.5 points)

4th Question: CONTROL AND PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS a) Determine the Boolean function for
the following logic circuit. (1.25 points)
b) Obtain the corresponding truth table. (1.25 points)
T
O
b
c

a) Identify the components of the hydraulic circuit in the figure. b) (1.25 points)
Explain how it works. (1.25 points)

OPTION
1st
Bismuth has a T f of 271.3 ºC and cadmium T f of 320.9 ºC, being completely soluble in the solid state.
They form a eutectic at 144ºC, which contains 60% Bi. With this data:
a) Draw the equilibrium diagram of the Bi-Cd system, assuming that the equilibrium lines are straight.
(1 point)
b) Indicate the phases and notable regions, lines and points of the diagram. Calculate the percentage of
the phases in the eutectic. (0.75 points)
c) In an alloy with 25% Bi, draw the cooling curve and determine the percentage of the phases that
coexist at 200ºC and room temperature, as well as the percentage of the structural constituents.
(0.75 points)

Explain the physical principle of the reversible heat pump. Draw the diagram of the reversible heat pump
in its two modes of operation. (2.5 points)

Determine the value of k so that the system in the figure is stable. (2.5 points)

A contactor, to drive a motor, is governed by three limit switches, X, Y, Z so that it works if any of the
following combinations is met:
X powered and at rest Z at rest

X at rest and powered Z powered
X at rest and at rest Z powered
X powered and powered Z at rest
a. Find the truth table and the Karnaugh map. (1.25 points)
b. Find the minimum logical expression and the logic circuit. (1.25 points)

A double-acting pneumatic cylinder, with a 30 mm piston diameter, 10 mm rod diameter and 50 mm
stroke, performs a maneuver at a rate of 8 cycles every minute. The air pressure is 8 bar and the
efficiency is 85%. Calculate for the real case:
a)The force exerted by the cylinder in the forward and reverse stroke.
(1 point)
b)Air consumption under normal conditions. (1 point)
c) The power developed by the cylinder when performing the
maneuver in
Kw. (0.5 points)

into account.

JUNE 2008
The use of vocabulary and scientific notation will be valued. Spelling errors, disorder, lack of cleanliness in presentation and poor writing
may result in a decrease of up to one point in the grade, except in extreme cases.
OPTION A
Define the following concepts, relying on a drawing and relating concepts:
“plastic zone”, “zone of uniform plastic deformation”, “zone of necking or localized plastic deformation”.
“elongation at break”. (2.5 points)
Properly justify using equations the best way to increase the performance of a Carnot machine.
(2.5 points)
Simplify the following block diagram and calculate the transfer function (2.5 points)
a) Determine the Boolean function for the following logic circuit. (1.25 points)

5th
2nd Question:
Question: PNEUMATIC
PRINCIPLESAND OLEOHYDRAULIC CIRCUITS
OF MACHINES
A car
a) engine
Explain thetransmits
operationa of
power of 82 HP pneumatic
the following to the rear circuit.
axle, which ends in a 520 mm diameter (1.25
wheel.points)
When
going up a slope, the engine runs at maximum power and the speedometer reads 85 km/h. Calculate the
b) Describe the symbols and explain the elements of the above circuit. (1.25 points)
torque on the wheel shaft. (2.5 points)
Study of the stability of a control system. Routh method. Give an example of a stable system and another
example of an unstable system. (2.5 points)
A car engine ignition works (F) when four signals (A, B, C, D) meet the following conditions:
A powered B powered C at rest D at rest
A powered B at rest C at rest D at rest
A at rest B at rest C powered D at rest
A powered B at rest C powered D at rest
a) Find the truth table and the Karnaugh map. (1.25 points)
OPTION B
b) Find the diagram with logic gates. (1.25 points)

Copper-nickel alloys show total solubility in the solid state, as can be seen in the phase diagram in the
figure.
a) In a Based on this
pneumatic diagram, answer
installation, the following
where should questions:
the filters be placed? (0.75 points)
a) Approximate
b) What temperature
functions at whichfluid
must the hydraulic an alloy
fulfill?containing 10% nickel by weight will begin to solidify
(0.75 and
points)
temperature at which its solidification will end. (0.5 points)
c) Draw the pneumatic symbol of a normally closed 3/2-way valve, pedal operated,
b) Indicate the phase
Spring return in which an
and threadless alloy with
exhaust 50% by weight of nickel will be found at 1400 ºC, at (1
ducting. 1275 ºC
point)
and at 1200ºC (0.5 points)
c) Indicate the composition and percentages of each phase in the previous case for 1275 ºC (1 point)
d) What will be the composition of an alloy that begins its solidification at 1400 ºC? (0.5 points)
TEST OF ACCESS TO UNIVERSITY STUDIES - JUNE 2009
INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY EXERCISE

AVAILABLE TIME : 1 hour 30 minutes
The good use of vocabulary and adequate scientific notation will be valued, which the correctors may reward with a maximum of one point. Due to
spelling errors, lack of cleanliness in presentation and faulty writing, the grade may be lowered by up to one point; In extremely serious cases, the
score may be penalized by up to two points.
CHOOSE ONE OF THE TWO OPTIONS, AOB, AND DEVELOP FOUR ISSUES OF THE FIVE PROPOSALS
OPTION A
I to
Question: MATERIALS
a) Describe corrosion processes: definition, chemical reactions, common corrosive agents. (1.25 points)
b) Detail three methods of protection against metal corrosion. (1.25 points).
c) Question: PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES

An internal combustion engine has a total efficiency of 30%, consuming 9 l/h of a fuel with a calorific value of
41700 kJ/kg and a density of 0.85 kg/dm 3 , providing a torque of 50.76 Nm. Calculate:
a) The mass of fuel consumed in one second (in grams). (0.75 points).
b) The useful power (in Kw). (1 point).
c) rpm to which it turns. (0.75 points).
d) Issue: AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

a) Show that the relationship between the output signal "y" and the input signal "x" of a
g
closed loop control is given by: — =------------------ where G is the loop transfer function
x \+GH
direct and H the feedback. (1.25 points)
b) Represent the block diagram corresponding to the following transfer function: (1.25 points)
and_GK
x51+GH,H,
4th Issue
: CONTROL AND PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS
There are two switches (a and b) to drive a motor. The engine will start whenever one or both switches are
activated. In addition, there is an emergency switch (c) that, when activated, stops the engine.
a) Get the simplified logic function. (1.25 points).
b) Design an electronic circuit with logic gates for the function obtained in section. (1.25 points)
5th Question
: PNEUMATIC AND OLEOHYDRAULIC CIRCUITS
Identify the pneumatic valves represented in the figure and indicate their main functions in basic single-actuator
circuits.
OPTION B
I to
Question: MATERIALS
One element (A) melts at a temperature of 600°C and another (B) melts at 700°C. Both are completely soluble
in the liquid state but totally insoluble in the solid state, forming a eutectic at 300°C that contains 30% of
element A.
a) Draw your phase diagram considering straight lines. (1 point)
a) (1.25 points) b) (1.25 points)
BACK BACK OPTION

c) Say what the phases of an alloy with 15% A are, at a temperature of 200°C, their composition and the
proportions in which they will be in equilibrium. (0.5 points)
2nd Question
: PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES
A motor vehicle has a four-stroke, spark-ignited, alternative internal combustion engine. Explain the meaning of:
(2.5 points).
a) Internal combustion engine.
b) Alternative engine.
c) Four-stroke engine.
d) Spark ignition engine.
3rd Question
: AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS
a) Explain what an encoder is and its application. (1.25 points)
b) Temperature transducers based on the variation of electrical resistance. Detail types and characteristics of
transducers. (1.25 points)
4th Issue
: CONTROL AND PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS
For the figure schematic:
a) Obtain the function "z" based on the inputs "x" and "y." (1 point)
b) Simplify it. (0.75 points)
c) Obtain a new circuit with the minimum number of gates. (0.75 points)
5th Question
: PNEUMATIC AND OLEOHYDRAULIC CIRCUITS
Using a hydraulic cylinder, it is desired to move a load of 1500 kg at a maximum speed of 30 cm/s.
Knowing that the element that resists the least pressure in the installation is the cylinder, which is designed for
a maximum pressure of 150 kg/cm 2, and that the pressure losses between the cylinder and the pump are 10
kg/cm 2 , calculate:
a) Minimum diameter of the cylinder in mm, neglecting friction. (0.75 points)
b) Flow rate in liters/minute that the pump must supply. (0.75 points)
c) Useful power, in kW, of the pump drive motor if its efficiency is 75%. (1 point)
UNIVERSITY ACCESS TEST – JUNE 2010
EXERCISE: INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY II
TIME AVAILABLE: 1 hour 30 minutes
The exercise presents two options, A and B. The student must choose one of them and answer four of the five
questions of the chosen option.
OPTION A

When an aluminum specimen with a rectangular section of 2 x 4 cm 2 and 200 mm in length is subjected to a
tensile stress of 9810 N, an elongation of 5.33 x 10 -3 cm is observed. Knowing that it has had elastic behavior,
determine:
a) Stress and unit strain at the time of applying the force. (0.75 points)
b) Modulus of elasticity of aluminum. (0.75 points)
c) Force that must be applied so that the unit strain is 10 -4 . (1 point)
A steam engine operates between two heat sources at 250ºC and 30ºC. It develops 6 kW of power with a
performance of 65% that of a Carnot machine working between the same thermal sources. It is requested:
a) Machine performance (1 point)
b) Determine the power delivered to the condenser, the power absorbed by the boiler, and the heat consumed
by it during one hour. Find the consumption of coal if its calorific value is 7000 kcal x kg -1 . (1.5 points)

Give an example of a control system for everyday use that has at least 3 elements. Draw it, explain how it
works and define its elements through a short explanation. (2.5 points)
c) Issue: CONTROL AND PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS

A contactor to drive an electric motor is governed by three limit switches, A, B and C, so that it works if any of
the following conditions are met.
• A powered; B and C at rest.
• A at rest; B and C powered.
• A and B at rest; C powered.
• A and B powered; C at rest. It is requested:
a) Obtain the truth table. (0.75 points)
b) Karnaugh map. (0.75 points)
c) Minimal logical expression and its logical diagram. (1 point)

Explain compressors (types of compressors you know) and tanks. (2.5 points)
To determine the Brinell hardness of a material, a 5 mm diameter ball was used and a constant k = 30 was
chosen, obtaining a footprint of 2.3 mm diameter.
2 •F
a) Justify the expression HB =--------, - (1.5 points)
n D ( D - VD 2 - d 2)
OPTION B ON THE
BACK
OPTION
b) BCalculate the Brinell hardness of the material. (0.5 points)
c) Calculate the depth of the footprint. (0.5 points)

Explain the two-stroke combustion engine. Rely on schematics. (2.5 points)

A control system with negative unity feedback and G gain is available:
G =----k-----
( s + 1)( s + 3)
Determine the values of k for which the function is stable. (2.5 points)

Explain analog/digital converter and digital/analog converter. (2.5 points)
Calculate the forward and backward force of a double-acting cylinder with a diameter of 8 cm, knowing that the
working pressure is 7 bar. Consider the friction force 10% of the theoretical force applied. What will be the air
consumption of the cylinder (l/min), if it has a stroke of 20 cm and performs 6 cycles per minute? (2.5 points)
Consider: 1 atm = 1 bar = 1kgf/cm 2
UNIVERSITY ACCESS TEST – JUNE 2010
SPECIFIC CORRECTION CRITERIA - EXERCISE OF: INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY II
Two Options A and B are offered, from which the student will choose one of them. Each one consists of five
questions from each of the blocks that constitute the subjects of the program. The student must answer four of
the five of the option they have preferred.
A maximum of 2.5 points may be attributed to each question, according to the scoring breakdown indicated in
the statement. If this distribution is not specified, the corrector must assume the distribution that he or she
believes is most convenient.
development of said approach with the results obtained, as well as the clarity in the presentation of the concepts
will be valued mainly. The use of appropriate terms, magnitudes and units must also be taken into account.
which a result is inferred, the establishment of own criteria, based on general situations or agreed solutions, will
be highly valued.
1/
1
LOGSE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
ANNOUNCEMENT: SEPTEMBER
OPTION A ( Answer 4 questions out of the 5 proposals)
Brinell test: Objectives, foundations and operation of the method. (2.5 points)

Heat pump: Concept, diagrams and applications. (2.5 points)

Briefly define the elements of a control system and indicate which components are valid to carry
out the assigned mission. (2.5 points)
4. Question: CONTROL AND PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS Design a decoder

from Binary code to 3-bit Gray code, and it is requested:
a) Truth table (0.75 points)
b) Simplified equations (0.75 points)
c) Scheme. ( 1 point )
(Gray code: decimal no. 0, Gray code 0; decimal no. 1, Gray code 1; decimal no. 2, Gray code 11;
decimal no. 3, Gray code 10; decimal no. 4, Gray code 110; no. decimal number 5, Gray code 111;
decimal number 6, Gray code 101;

There is a double-acting cylinder whose diameter is 100 mm, the diameter of the stem is 30 mm,
and the working pressure is 5 kp/cm2. If the stroke is 400 mm, and it performs 8 cycles per
minute, the following is requested:
a) What is the air consumption per day. (1.5 points)
b) What would be the recoil force and the forward force, assuming zero friction.
(1 point )
OPTION B ON THE BACK..............

LOGSE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
ANNOUNCEMENT: SEPTEMBER

OPTION B ( Answer 4 questions out of the 5 proposals)
Annealing of steels: Objectives, types and stages. (2.5 points)

Torque-speed characteristic of an electric motor: Stages of its operation.
Stability of operation. (2.5 points)

Obtain the transfer function of the system represented in the following figure. (2.5 points).
4. Issue: CONTROL AND PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS
Given the following Boolean equation: F = ad + cd + bd
a) Truth table of F (0.75 points)

b) Reduce using Karnaugh maps (0.75 points)
c) Logical diagram with the doors considered necessary. ( 1 point)

Components of a pneumatic circuit. Chain of command and regulatory circuit. (2.5 points)
, ZARAGOZA'S UNIVERSITY
to TEST OF ACCESS TO UNIVERSITY STUDIES - YEAR 2001/2002
2
EXERCISE OF: INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY LOGSE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS - TIME AVAILABLE: 1 h. 30m.
7 CALL: SEPTEMBER
The use of vocabulary and scientific notation will be valued. Spelling errors, disorder, lack of cleanliness in 1; presentation and poor
OPTION A
(Answer 4 of the 5 proposed questions)
QUESTION 1: MATERIALS
Tensile diagram of a steel. Elastic, plastic and breakage zones. (2.5 points)
QUESTION 2: PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES
The tow cable of a chairlift has a slope of 35%. The cable that drags the chairs moves at a speed of 8
km/h, simultaneously transporting 90 skiers with an average weight of 70 kg. You are asked to
calculate:
a) The work in kJ carried out during one hour. (1.25 points)
b) The power in HP required for the motor that drives the cable. Assume the losses are negligible.
(1 HP = 0.736 kW) (1.25 points)
QUESTION 3: AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS
a) Obtain the Z/X transfer function (1.25 points)

b) Get Y/X (1.25 points)
QUESTION 4: CONTROL AND PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS.
Construct the truth table and reduce them using Karnaugh maps of the following logical functions:
F = a + be + be (1.25 points)
S = abe + abe (1.25 points)
QUESTION 5: PNEUMATIC AND OLEOHYDRAULIC CIRCUITS.
Pneumatic sensors. Definition, types and their applications. (2.5 points)
OPTION B
(Answer 4 of the 5 proposed questions)
QUESTION 1: MATERIALS
OPTION B ON THE BACK

What is Resilience. Comment on the equipment and operation of the corresponding test. (2.5 points)
QUESTION 2: PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES
Determine the dimensions of the stroke and diameter of the cylinders of a six-cylinder, four-stroke Diesel
engine so that it provides a maximum power of 800 HP when it rotates at 900 rpm, knowing that an average
pressure of 12 kg/cm 2 is expected to be obtained if the stroke/bore ratio is 1.5 (2.5 points)
QUESTION 3: AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS
An automatic fire safety system must be installed in a warehouse that consists of the following elements:
a) A smoke detector. When activated, it releases power to the electromagnetic lock of a fire door, so that
a mechanical spring immediately closes the door to prevent smoke or fire from spreading to nearby
areas.
b) A temperature detector and a float-switch. The temperature detector is located on the ceiling of the
warehouse, so that when a reference temperature is exceeded, it triggers an acoustic alarm and
activates a hydraulic valve that opens numerous water spouts, providing a rain flow of 0.15 m3 of
water. per square meter of warehouse in one hour. To avoid flooding caused by the previous system,
the float-switch must be placed in the warehouse at a height of 10 cm above the ground so that it
deactivates the hydraulic valve when the water reaches that level.
It is requested:
A) The block diagram of the smoke system.(1.25 points)
B) The block diagram of the fire control circuit. (1.25 points)
QUESTION 4: CONTROL AND PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS.
We want to create a logical function that detects values that are multiples of 5 among the first 15 integers. It
is requested:
a) Write the corresponding truth table. (0.5 points)
b) Simplify the corresponding boolean function. (1 point )
c) Write the simplified Boolean equation that describes this function. (0.5 points)
d) Perform the function with ÑOR technology. (0.5 points)
QUESTION 5: PNEUMATIC AND OLEOHYDRAULIC CIRCUITS.
1. We want to design a single-acting cylinder that uses an air volume of 650 cm 3 in its operation, whose
working pressure is dell kp/cm 3 and its length is 25 cm. It is requested:
A) Cylinder diameter (0.75 points)
B) Cylinder forward and backward forces, considering the friction forces and the spring force each
one tenth of the theoretical force. (0.75 points)
2. What is a compressor? What is its symbol? (1 point)
LOGSE - SEPTEMBER 2003
The use of vocabulary and scientific notation will be valued. Spelling errors, disorder, lack of cleanliness in presentation and poor writing may
result in a decrease of up to one point in the grade, except in extreme cases.
OPTION A
ANSWER 4 OF THE 5 PROPOSED QUESTIONS, OF YOUR CHOICE.

Define and apply Hook's Law to the tensile test. (2.5 points)

A car engine whose power is 70 HP consumes 10 liters per 100 km when traveling at 160 km/h. The heating value of
gasoline is 9900 Kcal/Kg and the density of gasoline is 0.75 Kg/dm3. Calculate the engine performance. (2.5
points)

Simplify the following block diagrams and obtain their Z/X transfer functions
(1.25 points each)
INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - LOGSE - SEPTEMBER 2003 1

Obtain, by applying the Karnaugh method, the logical function whose truth table is indicated and draw the diagram
of the function using logic gates. (2.5 points)
TO b c d F
0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 1 1
0 0 1 0 0
0 0 1 1 0
0 1 0 0 1
0 1 0 1 1
0 1 1 0 0
0 1 1 1 1
1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 1 0
1 0 1 0 1
1 0 1 1 0
1 1 0 0 0
1 1 0 1 0
1 1 1 0 0
1 1 1 1 0
Comment, based on diagrams, on the construction of the different distribution valves.

(2.5 points)

OPTION B
ANSWER 4 OF THE 5 PROPOSED QUESTIONS, OF YOUR CHOICE.

Explain the method to follow for the Resilience test. Describe the measurement equipment used for said
rehearsal. (2.5 points) 2nd
Question: PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES
Draw the diagram of a reversible heat pump. (1 point)
A heat pump works according to the Carnot cycle between two sources, their temperatures being 20ºC and 0ºC
respectively. The energy supplied is 1Kwh. Calculate:
a) Amount of heat subtracted from the cold source. (0.5 points)
b) Amount contributed to the hot focus. (0.5 points)
c) Performance. (0.5 points)

Define and explain open and closed loop control systems. Way to control both processes.
(2.5 points)

Explain how the following logic gates can be constructed using exclusively 2-input NAND gates:
a) NOT gate (or inverter). (1 point)
b) OR gate with 2 inputs. (0.75 points)
c) 2-input AND gate. (0.75 points)

A double-acting cylinder is moved with compressed air, piston diameter 70 mm, rod diameter 40 mm, working
pressure 8 bar and stroke 500 mm. We want to know the volume of air, under normal conditions and constant
temperature, that is needed for its operation. (2.5 points)

questions from each of the blocks that constitute the subjects of the program. The student must answer four of the
five of the option they have preferred.
statement. If this distribution is not specified, the corrector must assume the distribution that he or she believes is
most convenient.
highly valued.

LOGSE - SEPTEMBER 2004
The use of vocabulary and scientific notation will be valued. Spelling errors, disorder, lack of cleanliness in presentation and poor writing may
result in a decrease of up to one point in the grade, except in extreme cases.
OPTION A
Choose four questions from the five proposed.

A series of rounds of different diameters are available, manufactured with a special steel whose elastic limit reaches
500 MPa and whose modulus of elasticity is 21x 10 4 MPa. It is desired to manufacture a piece 600 mm long that
will be loaded longitudinally until reaching 70x10 3 N. It is asked: a) What diameter should the piece have so that it
does not lengthen more than 0.40 mm? (1 point)
b) Suppose that a bar of 10 mm diameter has been chosen: explain if, after removing the mentioned load, the bar
will be deformed. (1 point)
c) Suppose that among the stored bars there is an aluminum one with a section of 300 mm 2 and a length of 600
mm. Subjected to the load of 70x10 3 N, this bar experiences a completely elastic elongation of 2 mm.
Determine the modulus of elasticity of this aluminum. (0.5 points)

The figure represents the cycle of a 4-stroke engine.
a) Identify the type of motor, reasoning the answer and
indicate on the diagram in which zone or step the
introduction and transfer of heat occurs. (1 point)
b) Calculate the displacement and compression ratio. (0.5
points)
c) If the diameter of the cylinder is 10 cm, how long is the
stroke of the piston? (1 point)

Simplify the following block diagram and obtain its Z/X transfer function (2.5 points)
INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY – SEPTEMBER 2004 1

a) Write the unsimplified Boolean expression in sum of products form for the truth table in the figure. (1 point)
b) Simplify the obtained Boolean function using a Karnaugh diagram. (1 point)
c) Draw the logic circuit of the simplified function that you have obtained using basic two-input gates. (0.5 points)
TO b c d Yes
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0
0 0 1 0 0
0 0 1 1 1
0 1 0 0 1
0 1 0 1 1
0 1 1 0 1
0 1 1 1 1
1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 1 1
1 0 1 0 0
1 0 1 1 1
1 1 0 0 1
1 1 0 1 1
1 1 1 0 1
1 1 1 1 1

Schematic representation of the distributor valves. Definition of routes and positions. Constitution of the distribution
valves (2.5 points)

OPTION B
Choose four questions from the five proposed.

Briefly explain what tempera is and how it is rehearsed. (2.5 points)

A car engine whose power is 70 HP consumes 16 liters of gasoline per hour. The calorific value of gasoline
is 9,900 kcal/kg and the density of gasoline is 0.75 kg/dm 3 . Calculate engine performance. (2.5 points)

Compare open-loop versus closed-loop control systems. (2.5 points)

Starting from the following truth table, simplify it, find its logical function and implement it using two-
input AND and OR logic gates. (2.5 points)
to b c d Yes
0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 1 1
0 0 1 0 1
0 1 0 1 0
0 1 0 0 0
0 1 1 1 1
0 1 1 0 1
1 0 0 1 0
1 0 0 0 0
1 0 1 1 0
1 0 1 0 0
1 1 0 1 1
1 1 0 0 1
1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 0 1

A single-acting cylinder has a piston diameter of 6 cm, a rod diameter of 20 mm and a stroke of 100 mm,
working at a pressure of 7 kp/cm 2 . Losses due to friction are estimated at one tenth of the net force and
spring losses at 6% of the net force. Find in advance:
a) The theoretical force exerted by the cylinder rod. (0,75 points)
b) The friction force that appears in each stroke. (0,5 points)
c) The actual net force exerted by the cylinder rod. (0,75 points)
d) Air flow (liters/hour) if it has a frequency of 100 cycles per minute. (0,5 points)

into account.

SEPTEMBER 2005
The use of vocabulary and scientific notation will be valued. Spelling errors, disorder, lack of cleanliness in presentation and poor writing
may result in a decrease of up to one point in the grade, except in extreme cases.
OPTION A
DEVELOP FOUR QUESTIONS OF THE FIVE PROPOSALS 1st Question: MATERIALS

A circular section bar is made of an alloy with an elastic modulus of 125,000 MPa and a yield strength of 250 MPa. It is
requested:
a) If the bar is 300 mm long, what tension must it be subjected to for it to undergo elastic elongation?
0.30 mm? (1 point)
b) What diameter must this same bar have so that, subjected to a tensile stress of 100 kN, it does not experience
permanent deformations? (1 point)
c) Assuming that the maximum strength of this alloy is 400 MPa, what stress should a 30 mm diameter bar be able to
sustain without breaking. (0.5 points)

An enclosure is to be maintained at a constant temperature of -10 ºC using a vapor compression refrigeration system. The
ambient temperature is 40ºC and the cycle is carried out by a system that has a compressor with an efficiency of 85%, an
evaporator with 92%, a condenser with 95% and a valve with 98%.
a) Draw the cycle on a PV diagram and explain each of the thermodynamic processes involved. (1.25 points) b) Calculate
the heat flow extracted from the room knowing that the compressor consumes 2.2 kW. (0.75 points)
c) Determine the efficiency of the cycle if the ambient T varies between 10ºC, 20ºC, 30ºC and 40ºC. Comment on the
conclusions you draw from these results. (0.5 points)

Simplify the following block diagram and obtain the transfer function G(s) = C(s)/R(s) (2.5 points)

Let be the logic circuit in the figure. It is requested:
a) Get the logical function. (1.25 points)

b) Design a circuit with two-input NOR gates that performs the
same function. (1.25 points)
Discuss the existing types of pneumatic compressors.

(2.5 points)
INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - SEPTEMBER 2005 1

OPTION
B
DEVELOP FOUR ISSUES OF THE FIVE PROPOSALS.

Regarding the Vickers test:
a) Draw a representative diagram of the Vickers test, placing a load of 1000 N on it. draw the footprint
obtained and assume that said footprint measures 250x10 3

μ m 2
. (1 point)
b) Explain what this essay is for. (1 point)

c) Express the result of it. (0.5 points)
An combustion engine (Otto type) has an efficiency of 30%. At a speed of 5000 rpm, its consumption is 20 l/h of
gasoline whose density is 0.7 Kg/dm 3 and its heat of combustion is 10,500 Kcal/Kg. It is requested:
a) How many kilocalories are invested in work and how many are wasted? (1 point) (0.75
b) Power developed by the motor (in Kw). points) (0.75
c) Delivered torque (in Nxm) rotating at 5000 rpm.
points)
NOTE: 1 Jul = 0.24 cal 3rd Question: AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

Given the following boolean function: F=ab + bc + bcd + abad + ad
a) Reduce via Karnaugh maps (1 point)
b) F's truth table. (1 point)
c) Build the circuit equivalent to the simplified function using any type of two-way logic gates.
tickets. (0.5 point)

a) Classification of pneumatic valves according to the energy source that activates them. (1.25 points)
b) Describe the symbols of the pneumatic cylinders represented below. (1.25 points)

most convenient.
highly valued.

CALL: SEPTEMBER
The use of vocabulary and scientific notation will be valued. Due to spelling errors, disorder, lack of cleanliness in presentation and poor
writing, the grade of the exercise may be lowered up to one point, even more in extreme cases.
CHOOSE ONE OF THE TWO OPTIONS A or B AND DEVELOP FOUR QUESTIONS FROM THE FIVE PROPOSALS
OPTION A
We carried out a tensile test with a specimen with a diameter of 15 mm and a reference length of 150 mm. The results obtained have
been:
---------------------------2------------------------------------------
Stress (kp/cm 2 ) Measured length (mm)
Stress (kp/cm) Measured length (mm)
0 150 4000 150,05
500 150,01 4500 150,06
1000 150,02 5000 151,28
200 150,03 4000 151,87
3000 150,04 3750 (breakage) 153,28
Knowing that the diameter of the specimen at the moment of rupture is 14.30 mm. Calculate:
a) Draw the stress-strain diagram. (1 point) b) Striction coefficient. (0.5 points)
c) Modulus of elasticity. (0.5 points) d) Elongation at break. (0.5 points) 2nd Question :
PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES
Explain, using figures and formulas, forms of energy and conservation of energy.
(2.5 points)
The block diagram below characterizes a system. Determine its total transfer function.
(2.5 points)

1. Using only the three basic gates, draw the logic circuit corresponding to the following expression...(1.25 points)
F= A*B*C + A*(B+C)
2. Do the same but using the three basic gates, NOR gate and NAND gate. (1.25 pins)

Define, using drawings, the elements of alternative linear movement. (2.5 points)
Option B on the back

CALL: SEPTEMBER
The use of vocabulary and scientific notation will be valued. Due to spelling errors, disorder, lack of cleanliness in presentation and
poor writing, the grade of the exercise may be lowered up to one point, even more in extreme cases.
OPTION B
To study the resilience of a material using the Charpy test, a 10x10 mm section specimen with a U-shaped notch 2 mm deep
has been used. Knowing that the value of the resilience obtained is 28.5 J/cm 2 , that the weight of the hammer is 30 kg and the
starting height of the fall is 140 cm, calculate the value of the height to which it will rise. the hammer after the blow and
breakage of the test piece (2.5 points)

A steam engine operates between two heat sources at 250°C and 30°C. It develops 6 kW of power with a performance of 65% that of a
Camot machine that works between the same thermal sources. It is requested:
a) Machine performance (1 point)
b) Determine the power delivered to the
condenser, the power absorbed by the
boiler, and the heat consumed by it
during one hour. Find the
consumption of coal if its calorific
value is 7000 kcal x Kg1. (1.5 points)
Discuss the simplification rules you know for calculating the transfer function of a system.
(2.5 points)
In a two-door car, the interior lights come on when one of the existing actuators is deactivated.
each door, or when the driver presses the manual actuator located near the rearview mirror. It is
requested: a) Truth table b) (1 point)
Karnaugh map (1 point)
c) Logic diagram (0.5 points)
Difference between compressors, tanks and accumulators (2.5 points)

SEPTEMBER 2007
OPTION A

Two bars of the same length, one made of aluminum (with elastic modulus 7x10 10
Pa) and the other made of steel
(with elastic modulus 210 GPa), are subjected to the same tensile stress. Answer the following questions:
a) Which of them will deform more elastically? (1 point)
b) What relationship should their sections have, so that both experience equal elastic deformation, if the traction
force were the same? (1 points)
c) If the tension were known, what other information should be known about each material to be able to check
whether the bars deform plastically? And to find out if they would break up? (0.5 points)

a) Analytically express the efficiency of a heat pump, indicating each of the terms.
(1.25 points)
b) Show that the efficiency of a heat pump is equivalent to the efficiency of a refrigeration machine plus the unit.
(1.25 points)
3rd Question: AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS Explain:

a) What is a transducer and a sensor. (2.5 points)
b) What functions do they perform within a control system.

Given the numbers 629,750 and 305,625 (expressed in the decimal system):
a) Encode both numbers in the binary system
b) Add both numbers in the binary system (1.25 points)
(1.25 points)
The attached figure represents a typical example of a
hydraulic press. The cross section of the large piston is 250 cm
2
and that of the small one is 10 cm 2
. It is requested:
a) The force that must be exerted on the small piston to raise
a load of 12,000 N. (1 point)
b) If it is desired to raise the load 1 meter, calculate the
displacement of the small piston. (0.5 points)
c) To lift a load of 15,000 N, what changes would you make to
the press, without changing the force exerted in part a)? (1
point)

OPTION
1st
It is desired to measure the Brinell hardness of a steel specimen and another aluminum specimen, whose test
constants are 30 and 5 respectively (the test constant relates the load to the square of the diameter). Only 5 and 2.5
mm diameter indenters are available and the durometer can only be loaded with 125, 187.5 or 250 Kg. Answer:
a) For steel: what load and what penetrator could be used? Reason, with corresponding calculations, whether it is
possible, in such circumstances, to use both penetrators. (1.25 points)
b) Answer the same questions for the case of the aluminum piece. (1.25 points)

A gasoline engine consumes 7 liters/hour of gasoline, whose calorific value is 9900 kcal/Kg and whose density is 0.75
kg/dm 3
. If its overall efficiency is 30%, and it rotates at 3500 rpm, calculate:
a) The power developed by the engine, expressed in SI units b) The useful engine torque, (1.25 points)
expressed in SI units (1.25 points)

In relation to automatic control systems, it is requested:
a) What elements would be used to convert a certain temperature value into an electrical signal and briefly indicate
their operating principles. (1.25 points)
b) In addition to measuring temperature, could this electrical signal be used to automatically control the temperature
of a room? Give an example, using a block diagram. (1.25 points)
4th Question: CONTROL AND PROGRAMMING OF

AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS Tickets Exit Tickets Departur
es
For the truth table shown, in which the 16 possible states TO b c d Yes TO b c d Yes
of the variables appear: 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
a) Write the Boolean expression in sum of products 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0
(minterms) form. (0.75 points)
0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0
0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
b) Simplify the expression obtained, using a Karnaugh
0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0
diagram. (1 point) 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0
c) Draw the logic circuit of the simplified function you 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0
have obtained, using basic gates. (0.75 points) 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1
Draw the diagram of a unidirectional flow regulating valve and explain its operation in a pneumatic circuit with a single
double-acting cylinder. (2.5 points)

most convenient.
development of said approach with the results obtained, as well as the clarity in the presentation of the concepts will
be valued mainly. The use of appropriate terms, magnitudes and units must also be taken into account.
highly valued.

TEST OF ACCESS TO UNIVERSITY STUDIES SEPTEMBER 2008
Exercise: INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY Available time: 1 hour. 30m.
CHOOSE ONE OF THE TWO OPTIONS, A or B, AND DEVELOP 4 QUESTIONS OF THE 5 PROPOSALS OPTION A

Define the following concepts, relying on a drawing and relating concepts: “elastic zone”, “proportional zone”,
“non-proportional zone”, “proportionality limit”, “elasticity limit”. (2.5 points) 2nd Question: PRINCIPLES OF
MACHINES
Draw the theoretical Carnot cycle, explaining each of the phases. A refrigerator operates according to the Carnot
refrigeration cycle and cools at a rate of 400 KJ/hour. The temperature of the refrigerator must be –20ºC inside
and the ambient temperature is 2ºC.
a) What motor power must the refrigerator have to achieve this temperature? (1.25 points)
b) If the refrigerator's efficiency was 70% of Carnot's ideal efficiency, what should then be the engine power?
(0.75 points)
c) Calculate the money it costs to maintain the refrigerator in section b) for 8 hours of operation, if the price per
kWh is €0.1. (0.5 points)

Determine the value of k so that the system in the figure is stable. (2,5 points)

Express the following hexadecimal numbers in base two and base ten:
a) F3 16 (1,25 points)
b) B5D,A 16 (1,25 points)

a) Explain the operation of the following pneumatic circuit. (1.25 points)
b) Describe the symbols and explain the elements of the above circuit. (1.25 points)
OPTION
B

A piece of steel with a radius of 2 mm and a length of 500 mm is subjected to a static tensile force. Calculate:
a) The maximum force supported by the piece knowing that the tension at the elastic limit ^ E =6,400 Kgf/cm 2
and the elastic modulus E=2.1 · 10 6 Kgf/cm 2 . Safety coefficient n=3. (1 point)
b) The length of the piece when a force of 800 Kgf acts. (0.75 points)
c) Justify in which area the material is working in section b). (0.75 points) 2nd
Question: PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES
A gasoline engine consumes 17 liters/hour of gasoline, whose calorific value is 6900 kcal/Kg and whose density is 0.55
kg/dm 3 . If its overall efficiency is 60%, and it rotates at 8500 rpm, calculate:
a) The power developed by the engine, expressed in SI units (1 point)
b) The useful engine torque, expressed in SI units (1 point)
c) What changes if we manage to lower the revolutions to 250 rpm using a reducer? (0,5
points)

Explain and draw the possible basic combinations (simplifications) of blocks that can be carried out in control systems.
(2.5 points)

For the truth table shown, in the table:
Tickets Exit Tickets Departur

es
TO b c d Yes TO b c d Yes
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0
0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1
0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0
0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1
0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0
0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0
0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
a) Write the Boolean expression in the form of sum of products (minterms). (0.75 points) b) Simplify the
expression obtained, using a Karnaugh diagram. (1 point)
c) Draw the logic circuit of the simplified function that you have obtained, using basic gates. (0,75
points)

For a double-acting pneumatic cylinder, it is known: working pressure of 8 bar, cylinder inner diameter of 6 cm
and stem diameter of 20 mm. Determine the force provided by the stem in the forward and backward
movement if there is a friction loss of 4%. (2.5 points)
TEST OF ACCESS TO UNIVERSITY STUDIES - SEPTEMBER 2009
EXERCISE OF: INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY

The good use of vocabulary and adequate scientific notation will be valued, which the correctors may reward with a maximum of one point. Due to
spelling errors, lack of cleanliness in presentation and faulty writing, the grade may be lowered by up to one point; In extremely serious cases, the score
may be penalized by up to two points.
CHOOSE ONE OF THE TWO OPTIONS, A or B, AND DEVELOP FOUR QUESTIONS OF THE FIVE PROPOSALS
OPTION A

Define Hook's law and apply it to the tensile test. (2.5 points) 2nd Question: PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES
A refrigeration machine works according to the Carnot cycle, manufacturing 5kg of ice per hour, from water at
0ºC, with the outside environment at 27ºC. The heat of fusion of ice is 80 cal/g. Calculate the power of the
compressor and the money it costs to maintain this refrigerator for 8 hours of operation, if the price per kWh is
€1. (2.5 points)

Given the following boolean function: F=ab + bc + bcd + abad + ad
a) Reduce via Karnaugh maps (1 point)
b) F's truth table. (1 point)
c) Build the circuit equivalent to the simplified function using any type of two-input logic gates. (0.5 points)

Design a pneumatic circuit in which the opening of a dam's gates is controlled, so that when the dam's button is
activated, it opens slowly. After a time “t” after the button has been activated (t is the estimated time for a
vessel to pass), the gate must close. (2.5 points)
NOTE: The gate is closed when the cylinder rod to which it is connected is in the forward position.
Types of tempering. Tempering factors. Processes carried out after tempering. (2.5 points)

A gasoline engine consumes 15 liters of fuel for every 100 kilometers traveled, climbing a 12% slope at a speed
of 60 km/h. Taking into account that the heat capacity of the fuel is 12,000 Kcal/l, that the mass of the car is
1200 Kg and that the diameter of the wheels is 66 cm, calculate:
OPTION B ON THE
BACK
OPTION
B The turning torque of each wheel (Fr =0). (1 point)
a)
b) The speed of rotation of the wheels and the useful power developed by the engine (Pu). (1 point)
c) Engine performance (η). (0.5 points)

Explain the closed loop control system. Draw the block diagram and give 3 examples that you know that have
this type of control. (2.5 points)

a) Determine the Boolean function for the following logic circuit. (1.25 points)

For a double-acting pneumatic cylinder, we want to calculate the pressure at which it can work. It is known that
the inner diameter of the cylinder is 6 cm and the diameter of the stem is 20 mm. The force provided by the
stem in the forward movement has been measured (217, 15 Kgf). It is also known from the manufacturer's
manual that the theoretical forward forces are 226.19 Kgf and in reverse (201.06 Kgf).
a) Calculate the pressure at which the cylinder can work. (1.25 points)
b) Calculate the actual recoil force. (1.25 points)
TEST OF ACCESS TO UNIVERSITY STUDIES - SEPTEMBER 2009
SPECIFIC CORRECTION CRITERIA - EXERCISE OF: INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY
questions from each of the blocks that constitute the subjects of the program. The student must answer four of
the five of the option they have preferred.
A maximum of 2.5 points may be attributed to each question, according to the scoring breakdown indicated in
the statement. If this distribution is not specified, the corrector must assume the distribution that he or she
believes is most convenient.
concepts will be valued mainly. The use of appropriate terms, magnitudes and units must also be taken into
account.
which a result is inferred, the establishment of own criteria, based on general situations or agreed solutions, will
be highly valued.
UNIVERSITY ACCESS TEST – SEPTEMBER 2010
EXERCISE: INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY II
The exercise presents two options, A and B. The student must choose one of them and answer four of the five
questions of the chosen option.
OPTION A

Define the different thermal treatments that you know about steels. (2.5 points)

a) What is the efficiency of a Carnot refrigeration machine that extracts heat from a cold source that is at a
temperature of -10ºC and gives heat to a source at 30ºC? (0.75 points)
b) How many kilowatt-hours of energy would have to be supplied to the machine to extract from the low
temperature source an amount of heat equal to that needed to melt 200 kg of ice? The latent heat of fusion
of ice is 80 cal/g. (1 point)
c) What is the cost of this energy if the price per kWh is €0.1892? (0.75 points)

Simplify the following block diagram and obtain the transfer function G(s) = C(s)/R(s). (2.5 points)
Given the following boolean function: F = abcd+abcd+abcd+abcd+abcd+abcd

a) Simplify it through Karnaugh maps. (1.25 points)
b) Build the circuit equivalent to the simplified function using any type of two-input logic gates. (1.25 points)

Define the following pneumatic elements and explain their operation. (2.5 points)
OPTION B ON THE
BACK
OPTION
1st
Explain the differences between hardness and fatigue, what their units of measurement are and what
tests are performed.
performed to measure these properties, describing them. (2.5 points)

A four-cylinder engine like the one in the figure develops an effective
power of 60 HP at 3500 rpm. The diameter of each piston is 70 mm,
the stroke is 90 mm and the compression ratio is 9:1. Calculate:
a) The volume of the combustion chamber, V 2 . (0.75 points)
b) The engine torque, M. (0.75 points)
c) Effective performance
see the engine consumes 8 kg/h of a

if
fuel with a calorific value of 11483 kcal/kg. (1 point)

Explain the concepts of feedback and control in an automatic system. Give 3 examples and rely on
drawings. Explain any simplification rules you know. (2.5 points)

a) Determine the Boolean function for the following logic circuit. (1.25 points) b)
Obtain the corresponding truth table. (1.25 points)

There is a single-acting cylinder that uses an air volume of 5,892 cm 3
and a pressure of 5 bar in its operation, with a
length of 25 cm. Calculate:
a) The air consumption (C) if it performs 10 cycles per minute. (0.75 points)
b) The actual forward force (F n ) considering the spring and friction force of 6 and 10% respectively of the theoretical
force applied. (1 point)
c) The diameter of the cylinder (D). (0.75 points)

Statements PAU Zaragoza Industrial Technology II 2001-2010

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Statements PAU Zaragoza Industrial Technology II 2001-2010

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

ZARAGOZA'S UNIVERSITY

ENTRANCE EXAMS TO COLLEGE

OPTION A (Answer 4 questions out of the 5 proposals)

2. Question: PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES

3. Issue: AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

4. Issue: AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

5. Question: PNEUMATIC CIRCUITS

2. Question: PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES

3. Issue: AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

Define and give an example of:

4. Issue: CONTROL PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS

5. Question: PNEUMATIC CIRCUITS

QUESTION 2 : PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES

QUESTION 3 : AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

QUESTION 4 : CONTROL AND PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS.

QUESTION 5 : PNEUMATIC AND OLEOHYDRAULIC CIRCUITS.

INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - LOGSE - JUNE 2002 1

QUESTION 2 : PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES

QUESTION 3 : AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

QUESTION 4 : CONTROL AND PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS.

QUESTION 5 : PNEUMATIC AND OLEOHYDRAULIC CIRCUITS.

INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - LOGSE - JUNE 2002 2

A maximum of 2 points may be attributed to each question, according to the scoring

INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - LOGSE - JUNE 2002 3

1st Question: MATERIALS

2nd Question: PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES

3rd Question: AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

4th Question: CONTROL AND PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS

5th Question: PNEUMATIC AND OLEOHYDRAULIC CIRCUITS

INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - LOGSE - JUNE 2003 1

INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - LOGSE - JUNE 2003 2

1st Question: MATERIALS

2nd Question: PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES

3rd Question: AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

c) F(x,y,z)=(x+z) (0.75 points)

5th Question: PNEUMATIC AND OLEOHYDRAULIC CIRCUITS

INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - LOGSE - JUNE 2003 3

INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - LOGSE - JUNE 2003 4

OPTION A (ANSWER 4 OF THE 5 QUESTIONS)

1st Question: MATERIALS

2nd Question: PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES

3rd Question: AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

4th Question: CONTROL AND PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS

INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - LOGSE - JUNE 2004 1

1st Question: MATERIALS

3rd Question: AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

4th Question: CONTROL AND PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS

5th Question: PNEUMATIC AND OLEOHYDRAULIC CIRCUITS

INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - LOGSE - JUNE 2004 2

INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - LOGSE - JUNE 2004 3

1st Question: MATERIALS

2nd Question: PRINCIPLES OF MACHINES

INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - JUNE 2005 1

4th Question: CONTROL AND PROGRAMMING OF AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS

A and B excited, C and D at rest.

5th Question: PNEUMATIC AND OLEOHYDRAULIC CIRCUITS

INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - JUNE 2005 2

a) Describe the thermal cycle. (0.5 points)

3rd Question: AUTOMATIC AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - JUNE 2005 3

5th Question: PNEUMATIC AND OLEOHYDRAULIC CIRCUITS

INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - JUNE 2005 4

INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - JUNE 2005 5

EXERCISE OF: INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY - TIME AVAILABLE: 1 h. 30m.