HÄME UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCE

STRENGTH THEORY
CASE 1 ANALYSIS

Group 1:
Thanh Le Nguyen Huu
Oleh Heorhiu
Luo Yizhe
Zheng Mengmeng
Riihimäki, 12.04.2024
 INTRODUCTION

In the realm of construction and machinery installation, ensuring safety and structural
integrity are paramount concerns. However, unforeseen circumstances such as missing
components can potentially disrupt the seamless progress of a project. In this report,
we delve into a scenario where Mike Mechanic, tasked with installing a crane at a
customer site, encounters a critical issue: the absence of a diagonal support
component.

As Mike Mechanic navigates through the assembly process, he detects the missing
diagonal support, prompting a crucial decision-making juncture. Understanding the
urgency of the situation and the implications for operational safety, Mike Mechanic
reaches out to the chief design engineer of the crane, represented by a student group in
this context.

The central question at hand revolves around the feasibility of commissioning the
crane for use in the absence of the crucial diagonal support. To solve this problem, our
group is tasked with conducting a comprehensive analysis and calculation to
determine the safety implications of proceeding without the missing component.

Ultimately, the insights gleaned from this analysis will not only inform the immediate
decision regarding the crane's commissioning but also contribute to broader
discussions surrounding safety protocols, risk assessment, and contingency planning
in the realm of construction and machinery operations.

ANALYSIS

In this report, we decided to use the value of acceleration as 10 m/s2 because it gives
us an easier way to calculate. With the given dimensions in the table below, our target
is to determine if the crane can work normally without the diagonal support and
suggest at least one possible solution.
 Length (mm) 3410

Weight (kg) 727

q (N/mm) 0.16

y (mm) 90.7

Safety factor 1.675

E (MPa) 210.103

Iz (mm4) 6571100

Stress (MPa) 235

Free body diagram (FBD)

First of all, we need a FBD of this structure, the calculation and the FBD diagram are
given below:
𝐹1 = 727 × 10 = 7270 𝑁
𝐹2 = 781.6 × 10 = 7816 𝑁
𝑞 = 16 × 10 = 160 𝑁𝑚 = 0,16 𝑁𝑚𝑚
(7816 − 7270) × 3410
𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = + (3410 × 7270) = 25721630 𝑁/𝑚𝑚
2

Bending stress

At this step, we need the critical stress (𝜎𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡) and the real stress (𝜎𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙) in order to
figure out that if this crane is safe or not.

Firstly, we need to find moment 𝑀1 based on the length and the force, moment 𝑀2
based on the length and q

𝑀1 = 𝐹 × 𝑙 = 7270 × 3410 = 24790700 𝑁𝑚𝑚 = 24790.7 𝑁𝑚

𝑞𝑙 2 0.16 × 34102
𝑀2 = = = 930248 𝑁𝑚𝑚 = 930.2 𝑁𝑚
2 2

𝑀 = 𝑀1 + 𝑀2 = 24790700 + 930248 = 25720948 𝑁𝑚𝑚 = 25720.9 𝑁𝑚

After getting total moment M, we calculate the critical stress (𝜎𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡) based on safety
factor (n) and stress, because the material is S235 so the stress in this case is 𝜎 =
235 𝑀𝑃𝑎. Real stress (𝜎𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙) is calculated by dividing M with section modulus
(𝑊𝑧), the heigh and y can be found in this 3D design of the beam below:
 𝐼𝑧 6571100
𝑊𝑧 = = = 72448.73 𝑚𝑚3
𝑦 90.7

𝜎 235
𝜎𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡 = = = 140.3 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑛 1.675

𝑀 25720948
𝜎𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 = = = 355 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑊𝑧 72448.73

Deflection

The deflection of this beam can be found by applying these formulas in the deflection
table with the given dimensions as follow:

𝐹𝑙 3 7270 × 34103
𝑀𝑎𝑥𝑣1 = = = 69.6
3𝐸𝐼 3 × 210 × 103 × 6571100

𝑞𝑙 4 0.16 × 34104
𝑀𝑎𝑥𝑣2 = = = 1.96
8𝐸𝐼 8 × 210 × 103 × 6571100

𝑣(𝑦−𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛) = 𝑣1 + 𝑣2 = 69.6 + 1.96 = 71.56

 𝑙 3410
𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑑 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = = = 13.64
250 250

Conclusion

After calculating, we compared the critical stress with the real stress, the allowed
deflection with the real deflection to see if this crane is safe enough:

𝜎𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡 < 𝜎𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 (140.3 < 355)

𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤 < 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 (13.64 < 71.56)

SUGGESTION

Our group had found a solution for this case, the steps are shown below:

𝑀𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡 = 𝑊𝑧 × 𝜎𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡 = 72448.73 × 140.3 = 10164556.8 𝑁𝑚𝑚 = 10164.6 𝑁𝑚

𝑀𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡1 = 𝑀𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡 − 𝑀2 = 10164.6 − 930.2 = 9234.4 𝑁𝑚

𝑀𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡1 9234.4
𝑥𝑚𝑎𝑥 = = = 1.28 𝑚
𝐹 7270

CONCLUSION

It is obvious to see that both real stress and deflection are bigger than the allowed one.
Hence, the crane is totally NOT SAFE to be taken into use without the diagonal
support. However, it can be safe if the location does not exceed 1280 mm.

The deflection we calculated is just the beam deflection. We need to take

considerations of a whole structure’s deflection to give a precise answer. Because of
the sophisticated in calculating, our present level and lack of knowledge, we can just
find a beam’s deflection. We apologize for this omission.