Manufacturing industry

It is the economic activity that transforms a great diversity of raw materials

into different items for consumption.

It is made up of companies from very small ones (tortillerias,

bakeries and mills, among others) to large conglomerates (car
manufacturers, soft drink bottlers, food packers, pharmaceutical
laboratories and toy factories, for example).

According to the products that are produced in them, the

manufacturing industry is classified into 10 types of activity*:

YO. Food, beverage and tobacco products

II. Machinery and equipment

Petroleum and coal derivatives, plastic and rubber

III.
chemical industries

IV. metal industries

v. Products based on non-metallic minerals

SAW. Textile, clothing and leather industries

VII. Paper, printing and related industries

VIII. Other manufacturing industries

IX. Wood Industry

x. Manufacturing of furniture and related products

*Manufacturing industries have 21 divisions, but to more easily represent the information, they have been grouped into 10.
The manufacturing industry in Mexico

As of 2003, the divisions of this industry that contribute the highest

percentage to the gross domestic product (GDP) of manufacturing in Mexico are:
I ( Food products, beverages and tobacco ) with 29.8% and VIII ( Metal products,
machinery and equipment ) with 28.5%.

SOURCE: INEGI. Gross domestic product by federal entity 1998-2003. SCNM. Mexico, INEGI, 2005.

I. Food products, beverages and tobacco

Preparation, conservation and packaging of food products for human

and animal consumption as well as the production of alcoholic and
non-alcoholic beverages, for the processing of tobacco and the production of tobacco
products.

II. Machinery and equipment

Manufacture of machinery and equipment for agricultural activities, construction, the

extractive industry, for manufacturing industries, for commerce and services;
manufacturing of industrial and commercial air conditioning, heating, refrigeration
equipment; internal combustion engines, turbines and transmissions, and other
machinery and equipment for industry in general. Manufacture of computers and
peripheral equipment; comunication team; audio and video
equipment; Electronic components; measuring, control, navigation
instruments, electronic medical equipment, mass manufacturing and
reproduction of magnetic and optical media. Manufacture of lighting
fixtures, household electrical appliances, electrical power generation
and distribution equipment and other electrical equipment and
accessories. Manufacturing of transportation equipment, such as cars
and trucks; bodies and trailers; parts for motor vehicles; aerospace
equipment, railway equipment, ships and other transportation equipment

III. Petroleum and coal derivatives, plastic and rubber chemical

industries

Crude oil refining, asphalt products manufacturing; lubricating oils

and greases, and other products derived from refined petroleum and
mineral coal; manufacturing of basic chemicals; synthetic resins and
rubbers; chemical fibers; fertilizers, pesticides and other
agrochemicals; pharmaceutical products; paints, coatings and
adhesives; soaps, cleansers and toilet preparations; printing inks,
explosives and other chemicals. Manufacturing of plastic and rubber
products.

IV. metal industries

Raw iron foundry; manufacturing of steel and iron and steel products; casting, refining,
refining and rolling of non-ferrous metals, and casting molding of metal parts.
Manufacture of forged and stamped products from purchased metal; non-powered
metal hand tools and metal kitchen utensils; metal parts and
structures of iron and steel for construction and blacksmith products;
industrial boilers, tanks and metal containers; hardware and locks;
wire, wire products and springs; made-to-order machining of new and
used metal parts for machinery and equipment in general;
manufacturing of screws, nuts, rivets and the like; coating of metal
parts and other metal finishes, and the manufacture of other metal
products.

V. Products based on non-metallic minerals

 Manufacture of products based on refractory clays and minerals; glass and glass
products; cement and concrete products; of lime; gypsum and gypsum products, and
other products based on non-metallic minerals.

VI. Textile, clothing and leather industries

Preparation and spinning of natural textile fibers; manufacturing of threads, fabrics

and the finishing and coating of textiles. Manufacture of carpets, rugs and mats from
purchased yarn; making (cutting and sewing) curtains, curtains
and similar items from purchased fabric and other textile products,
except clothing; manufacturing of knitted clothing, clothing
manufacturing and clothing accessories; tanning and finishing of
leather and skin; manufacture of footwear and products made of
leather, fur and substitute materials, such as handbags, suitcases
and similar and other leather and fur products.

VII. Paper, printing and related industries

Manufacture of pulp (from wood and recycled materials), paper,

cardboard, and paper and cardboard products; made-to-order printing of
books, newspapers, magazines and other printed matter; printing
continuous forms for printing and carrying out activities for the printing
industry, such as bookbinding and the production of plates, clichés, engravings and
other similar products.

VIII. Other manufacturing industries

Manufacture of non-electronic equipment and appliances for medical, dental and

laboratory use, disposable medical supplies and ophthalmic articles and other
manufactures not elsewhere classified, as well as the manufacture of clothing and
safety equipment; intrauterine devices; disposable clothing, such as gowns, face
masks, hats, sheets, philippines and shoes; table cutlery of precious metals; Musical
boxes; knitting hooks, pins, snaps, eyes, barrettes, buckles, and toothbrushes.

IX. Wood Industry

Manufacture of various wood products in integrated sawmills;

cutting boards and planks from round wood; impregnation and
treatment of wood; manufacture of posts and sleepers from sawn
wood; manufacturing of laminates and wood agglutinates;
manufacturing, from sawn wood, of wooden products for
construction; products for packaging and containers made of wood
and other products made of wood and braidable materials, except
palm.
 X. Manufacturing of furniture and related products

Furniture, mattresses, blinds and curtain rods; as well as the manufacture of

stretchers, blackboards and water mattresses.

The largest number of manufacturing industries are tortilla factories

and blacksmith shops.

The manufacturing industry in Mexico

As of 2011, the food, beverage and tobacco industry as well as the machinery and
equipment producing industry contributed the highest percentage to the manufacturing
GDP with 27.9% and 26.9% respectively.

The manufacturing industry in the states

The entities where the manufacturing industry occupies the first place in contribution
to their GDP are: Coahuila de Zaragoza, Querétaro, State of Mexico, Aguascalientes,
Guanajuato, Puebla and San Luis Potosí.
SOURCES:
INEGI. www.inegi.org.mx. Statistical information.
INEGI. Gross domestic product by federal entity 1998-2003. SCNM. Mexico, INEGI, 2005.

Export maquiladora

An important part of the Manufacturing Industry is made up of export maquiladoras;

which are factories where a wide variety of products are produced or assembled (such
as electronic equipment or auto parts) that go abroad.

The largest number of maquiladoras is located in the northern states of the country
such as: Baja California, Chihuahua, Tamaulipas, Coahuila de Zaragoza, Sonora and
Nuevo León. In smaller quantities, they exist in Jalisco, Yucatán, Puebla, Durango,
Guanajuato, Aguascalientes and Mexico, among others.
 Export maquiladora industries (data as of 2004)
Percentage
Number of
Federal entity represented at the
establishments
national level
Baja California 882 31.38
Chihuahua 402 14.3
Tamaulipas 363 12.92
Coahuila de Zaragoza 213 7.57
Sonora 198 7.04
New Lion 188 6.68
Jalisco 103 3.67
Yucatan 88 3.13
Puebla 77 2.73
Durango 50 1.77
Guanajuato 41 1.45
Aguascalientes 36 1.28
Mexico 35 1.25
San Luis Potosi 24 0.85
federal District 18 0.66
Zacatecas 13 0.46
Sinaloa 8 0.29
Other entities* 72 2.57
Total 2 811 100

*Baja California Sur, Querétaro, Michoacán de Ocampo, Guerrero, Morelos, Colima, Nayarit, Campeche,
Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Tlaxcala and Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave.

Food products, beverages and tobacco

 Meats and dairy . Meats, livestock slaughter, meat preparation and

packaging; milk, cheese, cream and butter (pasteurization and packaging of
 milk; cheese, cream and butter; condensed and dehydrated milk; cajetas and
other dairy products).

 Preparation of fruits and vegetables . Packaged and dehydrated fruits and

vegetables, dehydrated fruits and vegetables, preparation and packaging of
fruits and vegetables, sauces and condiments, canned sauces and soups,
mayonnaise and other condiments.

 Wheat milling . Wheat flour, bread and other wheat flour products, bread and
cakes, cookies and pasta.

 Corn grinding . Corn flour, dough and tortillas, dough making and tortilla
making.

 Coffee benefit and grinding . Coffee, coffee and tea benefit, coffee roasting
and grinding, soluble coffee and tea.

 Sugar . Sugar and byproducts (including ethyl alcohol) and piloncillo or panela.

 Edible oils and fats . Edible vegetable oils and fats.

 Animal feed . Animal feed.

 Other food products . Sweets, chocolates and jams; chocolates, jams, jellies
and sweets; processing of cocoa, cocoa and table chocolate; honey treatment
and packaging; chewing gums; puddings and jellies; preparation and packaging
of fish and seafood; rice and other mill agricultural products; rice mill; benefit
of other agricultural products; other mill products; starches, starches and
yeasts; concentrates and syrups; manufacture of ice, ice cream and popsicles;
fries, charritos and similar.

 Alcoholic beverages . Tequila and other agave drinks; spirits and wines; rum
and other cane spirits; wines and grape spirits, non-fermented alcoholic
beverages; cider, pulque and other fermented drinks.

 Beer and malt . Malt and beer.

 Soft drinks and waters . Soft drinks and waters.

 Tobacco . Benefit of tobacco, cigars and cigars; cigarettes, cigars.

Textiles, clothing and leather industry

 Soft fiber yarns and fabrics . cotton lint and packaging; soft fiber yarns;
threads and yarns for sewing and knitting; sewing threads; stamens; soft fiber
fabrics, including bleaching and dyeing of fabrics; soft fiber fabrics; woolen
fabrics and their blends; finishing of soft fiber yarns and fabrics.

 Yarns and fabrics of hard fibers . Henequen; preparation of henequen;

spinning, weaving and twisting henequen; preparation, spinning and weaving of
other hard fibers.
  Other textile industries . Waterproofed and upholstered fabrics; carpets,
plush fabrics, felts and batting; felt, interlinings and other fabrics; made with
recycled products; carpets, rugs and the like; lace, ribbons and narrow fabrics;
cotton and absorbent cloths, bandages, diapers and the like; other textiles
(button lining, frayed, pleated, etc.); sheets, tablecloths, bedspreads, towels
and the like; and other items made from textiles.

 Clothing . Knitted items; stockings and socks; sweaters; fabrics and other
knitted articles, including underwear and outerwear; inner and outer clothing;
men's outerwear, except shirts and uniforms; shirt making; women's
outerwear, except uniforms; outer clothing for boys and girls, except uniforms;
uniforms; other outer clothing; non-knitted underwear, including bras, girdles
and the like; other clothing (other clothing based on textile materials); palm
hats and other hard fibers.

 Leather and footwear . Tanning and finishing of leather and skin; footwear
and other leather articles; leather products, fur and substitutes, except
footwear and clothing; footwear, except of rubber or plastic; other leather or
cloth footwear; huaraches, sandals and espadrilles; cloth footwear, with rubber
or plastic soles.

Wood industry and wood products

 Sawmills, plywood and boards . Sawmills, plywood, glued boards and fiber
cel.

 Other wood and cork products . Furniture, including mattresses; furniture,

preferably made of wood, parts and pieces; mattresses, pillows and cushions;
doors, windows and the like; doors, windows, closets and similar; screens and
blinds; other wood products (palm and cork); wooden containers; articles of
palm, wicker, reed, etc.; coffins; other wood and cork products.

Paper, paper products l, printing and publishing houses

 Paper and paperboard . Paper and cellulose pulp; cardboard and cardboard;
packaging and other products; paper packaging; cardboard packaging and
other pulp, paper and cardboard products.

 Printers and publishers . Books, newspapers and magazines; editing and

printing of newspapers and magazines; publishing of books and the like;
printing, lithography and bookbinding.

Chemical substances, petroleum derivatives, rubber products and plastics

 Oil and byproducts . Refining of crude oil and derivatives, regeneration of

lubricating oils and asphalt preparation, regeneration of lubricating oils and
additives, paving and roofing materials based on asphalt, manufacturing of coke
and other mineral coal derivatives.

 Basic petrochemistry . Basic petrochemical products.

  Basic chemistry . Dyes and pigments, industrial gases, basic chemicals, basic
organic chemicals and basic inorganic chemicals.

 Fertilizers . Fertilizers.

 Synthetic resins and chemical fibers . Synthetic resins and rubbers,

synthetic resins and plasticizers, synthetic rubber or neoprene, chemical fibers.

 Pharmaceutical products . Pharmaceutical products.

 Soaps, detergents and cosmetics . Soaps, detergents, toothpastes and the

like; perfumes, cosmetics and the like.

 Other chemicals . Insecticides and pesticides; paints, varnishes and lacquers;

waterproofing, adhesives and similar; inks and polishes; printing inks; polishes,
deodorants, shiners, etc.; other chemicals (essential oils, inedible animal fats
and oils, explosives and fireworks and matches); other secondary chemicals.

 Rubber products . Tires and tubes; vulcanization of tires and tubes; other
rubber products, including footwear.

 Plastic items . Plastic packaging and laminates; laminates, profiles, tubes and
similar plastics; plastic packaging, wrapping and film; other molded plastic
products (molding of plastic footwear and toys, plastic household articles,
plastic parts for industrial use, molding of other plastic articles).

Non-metallic mineral products, except petroleum derivatives and coal

 Glass and glass products . Flat, smooth and carved glass; glass containers
and vials; glass fibers and the like; other glass and crystal articles, including
mirrors; mirrors, windows, leaded and similar; other glass and crystal articles.

 Hydraulic cement . Hydraulic cement.

 Products based on non-metallic minerals . Pottery, earthenware and

porcelain; pottery and ceramic products; earthenware and porcelain; tiles and
tiles; bricks and partitions; bricks, partitions and tiles of non-refractory clay and
the like; bricks, partitions and other refractory products; lime and gypsum
(gypsum and its products); lime; asbestos-cement products (mosaics and
marbles; abrasives; cutting, polishing and products of marble and other stones;
ready-mixed concrete, mosaics, pipes, blocks and similar cement-based).

Basic metal industries

 Manufacture of basic iron and steel . Casting and primary rolling of iron and
steel, secondary rolling of iron and steel, iron and steel pipes and poles.

 Basic non-ferrous metal industries . Metallurgy of copper and its alloys;

other non-ferrous metals, including solders (aluminum metallurgy and solders;
lead, tin and zinc solders; lead, tin, zinc and precious metal metallurgy).
Metal products, machinery and equipment

 Metal furniture . Metal furniture and its accessories.

 Structural metal products . Curtains, doors and ironwork; construction

structures and metal tanks; construction structures and metal tanks.

 Other metal products , except machinery. Cutlery and the like; agricultural
utensils and hand tools (nails, screws and the like); screws, nuts and the like;
nails, tacks and the like; galvanized, chrome plated, nickel plated, etc.; casting
and molding of metal parts; packaging and tinplate products; corks and other
enameled and die-cut articles; wire and wire articles; other metal products
(kitchen batteries, plates, padlocks and similar, including locksmiths); other
metal products, except machinery and equipment.

 Non-electrical machinery and equipment . Tractors, agricultural machinery

and implements; machinery and equipment for industry; wood and metal
machinery; food and beverage machinery and equipment; machinery and
equipment for the oil, construction and mining industries; boilers, burners and
heaters; elevators, cranes and the like; pumps, sprinklers and extinguishers;
valves; other machinery and equipment, including repair thereof; non-electric
motors, except for motor vehicles; other machinery and equipment (metal parts
and pieces for machinery and equipment in general, filters or liquid and gas
purifiers).

 Machinery and electrical appliances . Electric motors, generators and the

like; machinery and electrical equipment for industrial and office use; electrical
industrial machinery and equipment; sewing machines for industrial and
domestic use; office and calculation machines.

 Appliances . Electrical appliances and accessories, major appliances, minor

appliances.

 Electronic equipment and devices . Electronic equipment and devices;

radios, televisions, record players, etc.; computer processing equipment and
peripherals; recording records and tapes; other equipment and spare parts;
other electronic equipment and devices; spare parts for electronic devices and
equipment.

 Electrical equipment and appliances . Accumulators, batteries and cells;

electric lights and tubes; other materials, apparatus and accessories; electrical
materials and accessories; other electrical appliances, including illuminated
signs and lamps.

 Motor vehicles . Motor vehicles; motor vehicles, excludes tractors.

 Bodies, engines, parts and accessories for motor vehicles . Bodies and
trailers for motor vehicles; engines, spare parts and accessories for motor
vehicles; engines and their parts; parts for the transmission system; parts for
the suspension system; parts for the brake system; parts for the electrical
system; other parts and accessories.
  Transport equipment and material . Construction and repair of ships and
aircraft, construction and repair of ships and their equipment, construction and
repair of aircraft and their parts, construction and repair of railway equipment
and its parts, other transport equipment (motorcycles, bicycles and other pedal
vehicles) , other transport material.

Other manufacturing industries

Other manufacturing industries . Precision, measurement and control articles and

instruments; scales and other measuring and control instruments; watches, parts and
accessories; medical and dental equipment and instruments; optical instruments,
lenses and ophthalmic articles; photographic and photocopying apparatus; jewelry and
metalwork of silver and other precious metals and stones; fantasy articles and
coinage; other manufacturing industries (office supplies, drawing and painting; candles
and candles; film, plates and paper for photography); other manufacturing industries
(musical instruments; sporting goods; toys, other than those of plastic; metal and
rubber stamps; brooms, brushes and the like; zipper closures), other articles not
classified above.