Conditional

Probability
Independent rule of conditional
probablity
 Group
Hafsa Hafeez
Memebers

Nimra Shahid Kanwal Zahra

Ayesha Ufaq Rida Akram

Lesson Outline
Conditional Probability
Formula
Examples
Independent Rule
Dependent Rule
Formula Example
 Probablity

Probability is simply how likely something

is to happen. Whenever we're unsure about

the outcome of an event, we can talk about

the probabilities of certain outcomes—how

likely they are.

 Conditional
Probablity
The probability of an event B

occurring when it is known

that some event A

has occurred is called a

B
P( )
conditional probability

A
 CALCULATING THE
CONDITIONAL PROBABLITY

The conditional probability of B, given A, denoted by P(B|A),

is defined by Recall:

P (B / A) = P(A ∩ B) / P(A) P(A) > 0.

 Independent Events

P(A/B)= P(A) and P(B/ A)= P(B)

then follows that two events A and B are independent if and
only if
∩
P(A B) = P(A) P(B)
Two events A and B in the same
sample space S, are defined to be
independent"( or statistically
independent) if the probability
that one event occurs, is not
affected by whether the other
event has or has not
occurred,
 Dependent Events

∩
P(A B)= P(A) * P(B/ A)
then follows that two events A and B are dependent
The outcome of one event affects
the outcome of the other event.
If A and B are dependent events
then the probability of both
occurring is
Examples
 Summary

Conditional probability measures the likelihood of an event occurring

given that another event has already occurred. Independent probability,
on the other hand, suggests that the occurrence of one event doesn't
influence the likelihood of another event. Both concepts are fundamental
in understanding the interplay of events within probability theory..
Thank You