Fórmulas y Datos Útiles

k q1 q2 ⃗ {
F⃗12 = ê12 ⃗ = k q ê
E ⃗ = F
E ⃗ =
dE
k dq
ê ΦE = E ⃗ = qenc
⃗ · dA E=
σ
E=
σ
2
r12 r2 q0 r2 ϵ0 2 ϵ0 ϵ0

1 X qi qj k dq kq
dq = λ ds dq = σ dA dq = ρ dV U= Ui + Ki = Uf + Kf dV = V =
4πϵ0 rij r r
i̸=j

∆U
∆V = ke = 8,99×109 N ·m2 /C 2 ϵ0 = 8,85×10−12 N −1 ·m−2 ·C 2 |e| = 1,602×10−19 C me = 9,11×10−31 kg
q0

Z
W = F⃗ · d⃗r ∇
⃗ = ∂x î + ∂y ĵ + ∂z k̂ E
⃗ r = −∂r V

sin2 (x)
Z Z
1 1
sin(x) cos(x)dx = +C sin2 (x)dx = x + sin(2x) + C
2 2 4
√
x2 + a2
Z Z
dx dx x
√ =− 3 = 1
x2 x2 + a 2 a2 x (x2 + a2 ) 2 a2 (a2
+ x2 ) 2
Z Z
x 1 dx p
3 dx = − 1 √ = ln(x + x2 + a2 )
(x2 + a2 )2
(x2 + a2 ) 2 + a2 x2
x2 dx
Z  p  
1 x
√ = x a2 + x2 − a2 tanh−1 √
x2 + a2 2 a2 + x2

x2 (x + 1)2
Z Z Z
dx x
= ln |x + 1| + C dx = x + 1 − ln |x + 1| + C dx = − 2(x + 1) + ln |x + 1| + C
x+1 x+1 x+1 2