LEARNING SESSION

Session title: Representing Peruvian popular art and its representatives

I. INFORMATIONAL DATA;
1.1.EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION :0027
1.2DIRECTOR :Jaime Galarza Gilian
1.3-.SUB DIRECTOR : Lic. Miguel Ángel Santiago Castillo
1.4. AREA : EDUCATION FOR ART
1.5-GRADE AND SECTION : 4°A,B,C,D,E,F,
1.6-RESPONSIBLE TEACHER Carlos García Solis
1.7. UNIT DURATION : 11/27 TO 12/02, 2017
1.8-QUARTER : III
1.9 HOURS : 2 Hours 90 minutes
II. EXPECTED LEARNING: (selection of competencies, capacities and indicators)
COMPETENCE
ARTISTIC APPRECIATION / THEMATIC FIELD: theater
ABILITY INDICATOR
ARTISTIC APPRECIATION Describes and interprets Peruvian popular art
They analyze Peruvian popular art and its representatives and its representatives
III DIDACTIC SEQUENCE:
STRATEGIC ACTIVITIES MATERIALS TIME
AND/OR
RESOURCES
START Welcome greeting from the teacher to the students.
Brainstorm based on asking yourself why and for what? We study Peruvian 20 min.
popular art and its representatives . The true meaning of Peruvian popular art
and its representatives is important to students.
Brainstorm about why and what for? We study the activities of Peruvian popular
art and its representatives Printed
 How important is Peruvian popular art and its representatives ?
materials
55 min.
Developme Reception of information : The role of modern, contemporary Neoclassicism Art
nt How important is Peruvian popular art and its representatives? Markers
Characterization: through the elaboration of a summary of Peruvian popular art
and its representatives through their creativity Texts

Students will answer the questions: 15 min.

Who do you talk about in Peruvian popular art and its representatives over
time? Which character did you like the most? Why did you like Peruvian popular
art and its representatives? Do you want to know Peruvian popular art and its
representatives ?
Closing Group practice of analysis of the activities , students must discover the
elements and appreciation for Peruvian popular art and its representatives.

Evaluation: The teacher applies the instrument to verify and evaluate the
aspects worked on for student learning.
The following questions will be asked to the students: How did you feel about
the presentation of Peruvian popular art ? What lesson did you learn today?
Will what you learned help you?
IV.- Evaluation:

COMPETENCE ABILITY INDICATOR INSTRUMENT

ARTISTIC APPRECIATION
THEMATIC FIELD: Peruvian
popular art and its
representatives through
visualization.
Values the content and Understands theater through Questionnaire
form of the message Peruvian popular art and its
that is expressed representatives , with a means of Record
through Peruvian expressing our thoughts through a
popular art and its questionnaire.
representatives.
 LEARNING SESSION
Session title:
They analyze the art of mural painting, free technique
I. INFORMATIONAL DATA;
1.1.EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION :0027
1.2DIRECTOR :Jaime Galarza Gilian
1.3-.SUB DIRECTOR : Lic. Miguel Ángel Santiago Castillo
1.4. AREA : EDUCATION FOR ART
1.5-GRADE AND SECTION : 5°A,B,C,D,E,
1.6-RESPONSIBLE TEACHER Carlos García Solis
1.7. UNIT DURATION 04/12 TO 09/12, 2017
1.8-QUARTER :III
1.9 HOURS :2 Hours 90 minutes
II. EXPECTED LEARNING: (selection of competencies, capacities and indicators)
COMPETENCE
ARTISTIC APPRECIATION / THEMATIC FIELD: theater
ABILITY INDICATOR
ARTISTIC APPRECIATION Identifies the technical elements of the
Value the content and form of the message that is production of the Art of mural painting, free
expressed through the art of mural painting, free technique
technique
III DIDACTIC SEQUENCE:

STRATEGIC ACTIVITIES MATERIALS TIME

AND/OR
RESOURCES
START Welcome greeting from the teacher to the students.
Brainstorm based on asking yourself why and for what? We study advertising 20
drawing, why and for what? We study the production of the art of mural min.
painting, free technique
 How important is the art of mural painting, free technique ?
Developm Reception of information : The role of the creation of the Art of mural Printed
ent painting, free technique
materials
Characterization: through the development of the Art of mural painting and 55
using the free technique the most relevant of the subject. Markers min.
Students will answer the questions:
Texts
1.-What would be the materials to be used?
2.- How do you imagine the Art of mural painting finished?
3.-What do you like most about creating mural painting art ?
4.-What is the message that the Art of mural painting has?
Closing Group practice of analysis of the creation of mural painting art ? Should 15
students discover the elements and appreciation for the art of mural min.
painting ?
Evaluation: The teacher applies the instrument to verify and evaluate the
aspects worked on for student learning.
What I learned? As I did? What will it be used for? What difficulties did I have
in the process? How did I feel in class? They will respond in their respective
notebooks.
IV.- Evaluation:

COMPETENCE ABILITY INDICATOR INSTRUMENT

ARTISTIC APPRECIATION
THEMATIC FIELD: the
creation of the art of mural
painting
Value the content and form of
the message that is expressed
through the different forms of
creation of mural painting art ?
Understands the creation of Questionnaire
the Art of mural painting
with a means of expressing Record
our thoughts through a
questionnaire
 ROCK ART
Cave art is all that prehistoric drawing found in rocks and caves , it
is the first manifestation that man made in the Prehistoric era through
paintings, before writing began. This artistic manifestation is considered
one of the oldest known, since there are testimonies that date back 40
thousand years, that is, after the last ice age.
Cave art is essentially a primitive spiritual expression, which exists in
almost all periods of human history and on all continents except
Artantida, with the oldest and most relevant manifestations being found
in Spain and France. .

In summary of all this we could say that man has been representing millions of animals, objects or plants in
stones, rock walls and caves, there are even cave paintings that reflect the events of daily life, geometric
figures or signs, among others. For this reason, they are considered the oldest works that represent the
thought and skill of the person who made the paintings. This is why it is thought that before writing
appeared in human life, cave paintings appeared reflecting the thoughts, beliefs and experiences of their
authors. These cave works were represented synthetically, revealing the intellectual capacity that humanity
had to represent the reality of those moments.
For this reason, rock art gives us to understand that human beings, from prehistory to the present,
organized a way of artistically representing everything that was in relation to the religious-magical
ideal they had. There was no specific place to make these paintings and that is why it has been very difficult
to find any of them since many were far from where they lived at that time.

The discovery of Rock Art

Cave works were not found until the middle of the 19th century in Europe, when various objects created
with bone or stone that were carved with an image of an animal were found in several caves. But until 1879
the first paintings were not discovered. An important discovery was the cave paintings on the ceiling of the
cave in Altamira of multicolored bison, in Santander, discovered by Marcelino Sanz de Sautuola. At first this
discovery was denied its authenticity, thinking that prehistoric society did not have the ability to create these
representations. But when more finds of these representations began to be found in France and Spain,
things changed.
But the paintings and engravings on the walls of caves and shelters were not the only artistic expression of
Prehistory. Painting on boulders, sculpture, decorated ceramics, and ornamental objects were also
carried out.
Main styles of Rock Art
Paleolithic art: dated between 40,000 and 10,000 BC. C., is the art of deep caverns, hidden and dark
galleries , natural and static representations. They used different colors filling the entire figure and did not
represent human figures, but animals such as bison, horses, deer, bears, drawing them isolated or in
groups. Representations of abstract signs and hands have also been found. The most important
representation was that of the Altamira caves.

Levantine Art: dated between 6,000 and 4,000 BC, this style occurs in shallow shelters or caves where
sunlight penetrated without difficulty. Animals such as deer, caprids and bovids were represented, in herds
or alone. They are profile representations with the horns and hooves facing forward, this technique called
twisted perspective. The representation of the human figure takes center stage, becoming the main
theme, scenes of hunting, dances, fights, agricultural work, honey collection, the domestication of animals,
among others, appear, highlighting movement. Levantine Art paintings were found in Huesca, Lérida, in
the south of Tarragona, Teruel, east of Cuenca, Valencia, among other cities.
Schematic art: dated between 4,000 and 1,000 BC Depending on the areas where the manifestations have
been found, it seems to be of its own origin or an evolution of Levantine art. The figures begin to be very
synthetic, some even unidentifiable, with a simplification and schematism that we can understand as a
step towards abstraction. Very simplified human and animal figures appear, with scenic compositions,
abstract signs unknown in Levantine art. Highlights the essence and dynamism.
Featured techniques, colors and themes of cave paintings
In the Paleolithic, cave paintings were characterized by lines and animals. In the Neolithic, human beings,
hands, and animals began to be represented, and their behavior towards the creatures around them was
also drawn. In the animal paintings, what was most represented were reindeer, deer, horses, mammoths and
bison that were normally wounded with spears or arrows. When talking about color they only used one or two
colors, among which the most notable ones would be red, yellow, ocher and black. These colors were
acquired from plant material such as charcoal, clay or manganese oxide, among others.
They didn't really have a very elaborate technique since they smeared their fingers with the colors and
painted on a surface, although they also carved the drawing into the rock , there were even some who
took a reed and drew lines with the colors. The pencils were balls that burned branches or balls of mineral
dye mixed with resin. On many occasions, cave painting has revealed to us that primitive people used the
cracks in the wall and its unevenness to give the impression of realism and volume.
Among the oldest are the paintings in the Altamira Cave, in Santallina del Mar, Cantabria, Spain. Regarding
the magnificent conservation that many of these artistic pieces present, even despite erosion, it should be
mentioned that it is precisely because of the support on which
they have been painted that is the reason for their durability
over time.

Now, with regard to motivation we find that in some cases the

cave paintings have a strong magical-religious charge, being
used for the sole reason of being the prelude to a successful
hunt. When it comes to this type of situation, it is common for
them to be found in the most remote and hidden areas of the
cavern or cave. However, when the artistic manifestations are
displayed for everyone to see, it is believed that it is the
consequence of the simple adoption of art as another activity
within the daily life of those times.

10 FAMOUS ROCK PAINTINGS

1) Altamira Cave: in Spain, it was the first place where rock art was found in the Upper Paleolithic. The
paintings found are very well preserved, with a length of about 270 meters inside the cave, the highlight
being its polychrome paintings.
2) Bhimbetka rock shelters: in India, at the foot of the Vindhyan mountains, these manifestations of rock
art were found and were declared a World Heritage Site, being paintings from the Mesolithic period
reaching recent times.
3) Magura Cave: in Bulgaria, its paintings are decorated with bat guano and represent different scenes of
people hunting and dancing, animals and plants, the cave having a length of about 2,500 meters.
4) Cave of the hands: in Argentina, it is the oldest known artistic expression of indigenous peoples 12,000
years ago. On its walls are printed the 729 hands that give the cave its name, as well as guanacos,
geometric figures and scenes of daily life, and it is also a World Heritage Site.
5) Kakadu rock paintings: in Australia, there is the Kakadu National Park, with more than 5,000 sites and
different rock sites that contain vestiges of the art of the Australian aborigines who inhabited the place
20,000 years ago.
6) Ukhahlamba-Drakensberg paintings: in South Africa, its tribes left traces of their customs and religious
traditions in their paintings, about 8,000 years ago.
7) Lascaux Cave: in France , its paintings date from between 13,000 and 25,000 years BC. d. c. It was
discovered by chance in 1940, in order to preserve the paintings the cave was closed to the public and a
replica of the most characteristic locations of the site has been set up.
8) Twyfelfontein Paintings: in Namibia, where the largest concentration of rock art in Africa is found, also
declared a World Heritage Site in 2007.
9) Chauvet Cave: in France, the most important being the representations of mammoths, rhinos, lions and
bears, discovered in 1994.
10) Nazca Lines: in Peru , the geoglyphs are the
most famous in the world, tracing lines that
form perfect geometric layouts and represent
animals, plants, human silhouettes and
labyrinths, measuring up to 275 meters in
length.

PLASTIC CREATION, TEMPERAS,

WATERCOLORS, OILS AND OTHERS
EXPRESSIONS OF THE PLASTIC ARTS
Historically, actions carried out by 3 specific types of artists are considered expressions of the plastic arts,
including works carried out by painters, sculptors and architects.
Today, plastic art is characterized by including all those forms of art whose final objects or works are
tangible, that means that they are real and can be seen and/or touched. The modern concept of art allows us
to incorporate into the definition of plastic art not only the classic expressions of art but also new forms,
which could be called modern, of artistic manifestation. Among them are, for example, all those generated by
computers (digital art) or with any other unconventional element.
Nowadays, the specialties are called Modern Plastic Arts.
of: Painting , Sculpture , Engraving , Carving , Ceramics , Glass , Photography ,
Stained Glass , Porcelain , Design,
Restorations, Portrait Painters, among others.
The painting
Main article: Painting .
Painting [3] is the art of expressing feelings, emotions or ideas, through real or
fictitious images or representations made by an artist, captured on a two-dimensional
surface, using different substances or certain pictorial techniques . We find that there
are data on Painting since prehistory, but painting has evolved from prehistory to the
present day, thus we find that there are different techniques to create a painting.
There are various ways to classify painting techniques: Oils , Watercolors and
Tempera , Wax or Encaustic , Acrylics and Mixed Techniques .
Oil
The word oil comes from the Latin olĕum [4] , which means olive oil . In times past they
called the oil extracted from the olive " oil " and when combining it with other
substances to give them color and make the paints they adopted the name "oil" over
time. The most used oil was linseed oil, which was usually mixed with mineral
pigments to provide color.
Oil paint was already well known in the Middle Ages and was used in combination with
tempera and fresco painting, it was also used to make touch-ups on plaster pieces. It
is divided into several techniques: Oil on walls , on Canvas and Oil on panel .

Watercolor Watercolor is a painting technique that is practiced on paper, cardboard or

cardboard; It is characterized by the transparency of the colors diluted in Water .
The watercolor technique is applied by diluting the pigment bound with a soft gum, such as Arabic, in water.
The transparency of the colors depends on the amount of water that is incorporated into the gum and also on
the tone required by the painter.
This technique does not use white, since it is obtained by transparency with the white paper in the
background. The objective of watercolor is to make the colors transparent with water and perhaps even allow
the background of the paper or cardboard to be seen, which acts as another tone. .

Tempera or Tempera
Tempera or tempera [6] , is an aqueous technique that uses as a binder (any type of
ingredient that mixed with powdered pigment serves to produce a pictorial technique) a
glue of animal origin, usually rabbit or fish.
Tempera refers to the process where colors are mixed with the binder, with the need for
heat so that it can be handled hot. It is a technique based on the coating of already
dried pigments.

Enquastics or Wax
The word encaustic comes from the Latin encaustĭcus , and this from the Greek ἐγκαυστικός, which means
to engrave with fire . Encaustic is a pictorial technique consisting of applying color mixed with molten wax
and the application of which is done hot.
Encaustic is characterized by the use of hot wax, since it has a protective, covering, light and water resistant
effect.

Acrylic Acrylic is a technique that provides an effect similar to oil, it is based on a mixture of pigments, water
and resins that do not turn yellow, dries quickly without changing color or darkening over time. In acrylic colors,
the same pigments used in oil and watercolor are mixed, but bound by a plastic substance of acrylic resins,
vinyl or both, which can be diluted with water. With them you can paint on cardboard , paper , wood , canvas ,
metal , glass , etc. supports.

Engraving
Engraving [8] is a process of duplicating, creating, reproducing, stamping and printing
images, achieved by means of a matrix that serves as a plate.
Previously, this plate has been treated to put on it, using different techniques, an
image (in reverse) that, once the plate has been inked, can be printed on paper using
a press. There are several techniques and methods that have been developed over
several centuries to create the image on plates:
This plate is treated to put an image on it (in reverse) that, once the plate is inked, can be printed on paper
using a press.
Among the procedures used to obtain the engraving, we distinguish: manual engraving, executed using a
tool (burin, punch or similar systems) or by chemical means (etching), mechanical engravings
(photomechanical, photochemical, electrochemical, electronic).
Another way of classifying engraving is into two large categories: hollow and relief, differentiating it according
to the materials used to make the plate, which can be: copper, zinc, aluminum, steel, glass, stone, wood,
linoleum , silk, etc
Engraving Procedures
The graphic artist has various methods for applying a manual engraving, he can use:
relief, hollow, graphic plane, monotype or stencil.
Each one of them has a different procedure. There are different types of engraving:
Relief engraving , linoleum, Engraving, Counterfiber engraving , Etching engraving ,
Aquatint engraving , Drypoint engraving , Halftone engraving .

Sculpture
Sculpture [9] is the art of molding clay , carving in stone, wood or other materials. It is
one of the Fine Arts in which the sculptor expresses himself by creating volumes and
shaping spaces. Sculpture includes all the arts of carving and chisel, along with casting
and molding, and sometimes the art of pottery.