Introduction

Boxing is a contact sport in which two opponents fight using only

their gloved fists, striking their opponent from the waist up, within a
ring specially designed for this purpose, in brief fighting sequences
called assaults or rounds and according to a precise regulation,
which regulates weight categories and duration of the match, among
other aspects.

In a more general way, boxing or pugilism refers to a broad genre of

contact sports in which two opponents face each other in a fight
using their fists, exclusively or not, differentiating according to their
rules different sports such as the aforementioned English boxing. or
boxing itself, French boxing or savate, Chinese boxing or Shaolin
boxing, kickboxing or Japanese boxing, Muay Thai or Thai boxing,
ancient Greek boxing such as pygmachia and pankration, etc.

The first codification of the rules governing boxing matches dates

back to 1743, while the rules still in force were established in 1889
by the Marquis Queensberry, who, among other things, introduced
the use of gloves.
Traditionally it has been considered an exclusively male sporting
practice, legally and culturally affected by gender prejudices. The
recognition of women's rights and progress in the fight against
discrimination have allowed for a boom in women's boxing in recent
decades, which is why the 2011 Pan American Games and the 2012
Summer Olympic Games will include women's boxing in various
categories.

History 1
Boxing History

Fighting with fists as a competition and

spectacle is as old as the sport itself. Boxing
contests have been practiced since ancient
times. Greek boxers wore gloves (not
padded) and protection under the elbows as
their only clothing, since they competed
naked. There is evidence that boxing was
predominant in North Africa during
around 4,000 BC. Around 688 BC it was
accepted as an Olympic sport (the ancient
Greeks called it Pygmachia), the participants
in these games were trained with sandbags (called korykos), the
boxers kept their fingers free, wearing leather straps (called himantes)
on the hands, wrists and sometimes the forearms, to protect them from
injury.

The word “boxing” began to be

used in 18th century England to
distinguish between fighting to
resolve disputes and fighting
under established rules as a
sport. It is now used to describe
a sport in which two opponents
(boxers) wearing padded
gloves, face each other in a ring, and fight an agreed number of rounds
following rules. Although men have always been the most numerous
participants, there are references to fights between women during the
18th century, and at the end of the 20th century women's fights were
organized again.

Boxing is considered a sport in which two fighters face each other by

hitting each other, according to a precise regulation, with fists covered
by special gloves and bare torsos by professionals. The first
codification of the rules governing boxing matches dates back to 1743,
while the rules still in force were established in 1889 by the Marquis of
Queensberry, who, among other things, introduced the use of gloves.

Boxing matches began to be held without limitation of rounds, then to

20 rounds and then to 15, currently the world and continental
championships are held to 12 rounds, the championships with national
title at stake to 10 rounds and the non-title fights in game or with some
2 10 rounds as agreed, the fights in
minor title are carried out in 4,6,8 or
the amateur field are carried out in 4 rounds of 2 minutes (rounds in
professional fights are 3 minutes).

During the 18th and early 19th centuries, bare-

knuckle pugilism was an important precursor to
boxing in Britain. However, it most certainly
extended beyond the spectacles held on
racquetball fields and tennis courts in early
19th-century London. These preliminaries had
several characteristics that anticipated the
future sport of boxing. The boxers wore the
“shock absorbers” (padded gloves), the
duration of the fight was predetermined and a
set period was called “time”. Hand-to-hand
fighting and hitting an opponent on the ground
were prohibited. None of these characteristics
were present in bare knuckle boxing. The first
person to codify such rules was Jack Broughton, a noted pugilist of the
1730s, who opened his own arena in 1743. He devised the rules to
give his fighters some protection (he himself had killed an opponent
two years earlier).

During the next generation the creation of the Queensberry Rules and
glove fighting was promoted. Bare-knuckle fights were generally held
under the “New Rules” sanctioned by the Pugilistic Benevolent
Society in 1866, which had superseded the “Pugilistic Association's
Revised Rules” of 1853. They were often popularly called “the
London Prize Ring Rules” .

The success of boxers has always been associated with their size. In
the early years of boxing, however, there was only one “Champion,”
who always tended to be one of the heaviest. The term “lightweight”
was used since the beginning of the 19th century and fights were
sometimes organized between the lighter men, but there was no
specific championship for them.

The terms lightweight, welterweight, middleweight, and heavyweight

became common in the late 19th century, but there were no universally
recognized definitions of each weight class. Throughout the 20th
century, new categories were added, extending the range from the
lowest “strawweight” to “superheavyweight” but without consensus on
their definitions.

In the early days of boxing, all fighters

3 were “professionals” in the
sense that few fought for “pleasure” rather than money.
By then, the old bare-knuckle professionals of the “Prize-Ring” were in
evident decline.

That sport had always been illegal, but it had survived until the
beginning of the century because He had great popular support and
because many influential men had supported him. By 1867, however,
the outcomes of fights were becoming more and more suspicious, and
sometimes the boxers did not show up for the fights, so less money
was made and boxing slowly disappeared.

On February 7, 1882, in the city of Mississippi (USA), the last bare-

knuckle boxing championship between heavyweights was held.

Queensberry Rules

“Boxing”, unlike other forms of fist

fighting, dates back to 1867, when the
“Comrades of John” drafted the new
rules, the rules were published under the
patronage of the Marquis of
Queensberry, whose name has always
been associated with them.

There were twelve rules in total, and it was specified that matches
must be “a fair stand-up boxing match” in a ring 24 feet (eight meters)
on a side. The “rounds” (armed assaults) had to last three minutes,
with one minute between each of them. A fighter who has fallen to the
ground during a round is allowed ten seconds to get up. New gloves of
“just the right size” must be worn and “wrestling or hugging” is
specifically prohibited.

The purpose of gloves is to

protect your knuckles.
Regular boxing gloves look
like a pair of puffy gloves,
are often red, and tie
around the wrists on the
inside of the forearm. The
first fighter to win a world
title under these rules was
Gentleman Jim Corbett,
who defeated John L.
Sullivan in 1892 at the “El
Pelicano” Athletic Club in New Orleans
4 (USA).
Professional boxing is divided into the following categories: straw,
light fly, fly, super fly, bantamweight, super bantamweight,
featherweight, super featherweight or junior lightweight, lightweight,
superlightweight or junior welterweights, welterweights, superwelters or
junior middleweights, middleweights, super middleweights,
lightheavyweights, cruisers and heavy weights.

In amateur boxing the weight division is as follows: light fly, fly,

bantamweight, featherweight, lightweight, superlight or junior
welterweight, welterweight, middleweight, lightheavyweight,
heavyweight and superheavyweight.

Ring
Boxing and wrestling ring
In boxing it always has 4 corners, in wrestling, the AAA was the first
company to use a hexadrilateral, that is, a ring with 6 sides and 6
corners.

Additional structures in wrestling

There are matches in which structures are added to the ring, or the
structures are used to replace the
5 ring. They typically have metal
walls that can be used as legal weapons. They usually have the
same way of winning as a normal fight, but depending on which
fights (like Steel Cage) the exit from the structure is also added as a
victory, but in others the exit from the structure is a disqualification.
These are Steel Cage , Hell in a Cell , Kennel from Hell, Punjabi
Prison , Elimination Chamber , Six Sides of Steel and the Dome of
Death .

Name's origin
Originally the fights took place on any flat terrain, marked with a
circle (in English, ring ). Already in 1743, following the rules of
boxing, it was specified that the circle should contain another
smaller circle inside, where the contestants met at the beginning of
each round or round (in English, round ).
The first square ring was introduced in England by the Pugilistic
Society in 1838. Its specifications were 7.3 m² (24 ft), and limited
with 2 ropes.

Conclusion

Boxing is a sport that demands a lot physically-mentally, not only

because of the physical demand of any sport, but because of the
constant load that means receiving blows to the body and head, it is
very common to see elite boxers, leaving to the last round fatigued,
in most cases not due to poor physical preparation, but to the great
demand that a boxing fight represents,
6 it is essential to mention the
element of the decrease and depletion of energy substrates, the
accumulation of metabolites. and waste substances, also due to the
decrease in the body's capacity to generate new energy substrates
at the speed that is demanded, and all this combined with the
handicap that means being hit, we see the boxers, coming out more
by character than by a support ideal physique, this is where the
hierarchy of adequate preparation in terms of resistance in boxing
lies.