Textile industry measurement units 1

Textile industry measurement units

The units of measurement of the textile industry are used to define textile threads . The most common way is to
describe the weight of a given length of thread - the textile industry calls it a "number" or "title" - , such as the
American denier or the European "Tex". They can refer to fibers, threads (made with fibers) or fabrics (made with
threads).

Fibers

Denier
Denier is a unit of measurement in the Anglo-Saxon system of units , used to measure the linear mass of a textile
fiber . is defined as
the mass in grams per 9,000 meters of fiber.
The higher the denier, the thicker the fiber section. In fibers composed of several filaments, a distinction is made
between “filament denier” and “total denier”; The first (known as DPF, for the initials in English of Denier per
filament ), refers only to one filament , while the second refers to the total number of filaments that make up the
section of a fiber.
The following relationship calculates the denier of the unit filaments:
DPF = Total Denier / Number of uniform filaments
The denier measurement system is used for single- and double-filament fibers. Some common calculations are as
follows:

1 denier = 1 gram per 9,000 meters

= 0.05 grams per 450 meters (1/20 of the previous one)

• A fiber is generally considered a microfiber if it is 1 denier or less.

• A 1 denier polyester fiber has a diameter of about 10 micrometers .
• Denier is used as a measure of density for tights , which defines their opacity .
Textile industry measurement units 2

Texas
Tex is another unit of measurement used to measure the density or linear
mass of a fiber. is defined as
the mass in grams per 1,000 meters of fiber.
Tex is commonly used in Canada and Europe, while in the United States the
use of denier is more common. The unit code is "tex". The most used unit is
actually the deci tex, abbreviated dtex , which is the mass in grams per
10,000 meters of fiber. To measure objects composed of multiple fibers, the
term "filament tex" is sometimes used, referring to the mass per 10,000
meters of a single filament.

The Tex is used to measure the size of fibers in many products, including
cigarette filters, optical cables, threads, and fabrics.
The diameter of a filament can be calculated from its weight in dtex with the
following formula:

/4X10-6.dtex
0 = 4/--------------------
V Tp
where p represents the density of the material in grams per cubic centimeter
and the diameter is in centimeters.

Threads
Thread is a measurement for cotton thread that is equivalent to 54 inches or
137.16 cm of thread. Strand of two threads, each made
up of three fibers.

Fabrics

mommes
Mommes (mm) is a unit of weight traditionally used to measure the density of silk . It is similar to thread count for
cotton fabrics. Mommes expresses the weight, in pounds , of a piece of material 45 inches by 100 yards . In SI units,
this is equivalent to the weight in grams of a 100 x 23 cm 2 piece.
The weight of silk is measured in both grams and mommes : 28 grams are equivalent to 8 mommes .
The usual weight ranges in mommes for different silk fabrics are:
• Habutai - 5 to 16 mm
• Chiffon - 6 to 8 mm (can be double thickness, weighing 12 to 16 mm)
• Crepe - 12 to 16 mm
• Gauze - 3 to 5 mm
• Raw silk - 35 to 40 mm (heavier silks have a more " woolly " appearance)
• Organza - 4 to 6 mm
Textile industry measurement units 3

Thread count
Thread count is a measure of the coarseness or fineness of a fabric. It is measured by counting the threads present in
a square inch of a fabric, including both longitudinal and transverse threads. It is especially used in cotton fabrics
such as sheets or bedding.
Thread count is a simple measure of the quality of a fabric. Normal cotton fabrics feature about 150 thread counts per
square inch, while good quality fabrics start at 180 thread counts, and a count of 200 or higher is considered percale .
Extremely high counts (typically over 500) are often misleading when using threads composed of several finer
strands. For marketing reasons, a fabric of these characteristics with a count of 250 vertical and horizontal threads
may have a thread count of 1,000, although international associations accept that the industry practice is to count each
composite thread as one unit. The US Federal Trade Commission issued a warning that consumers could be misled by
inflated thead counts . [1]
In 2002, ASTM proposed a definition for "thread count" [2] that has been called the "first formal definition of thread
count ." [3]
Older, more informal definitions, such as "U.S. Customs Harmonized Tariff Schedule", state that each end of a
composite yarn should be counted individually. [4]

References
[1] Yves Delorme: Beyond Thread Count (http://www. yvesdelorme. com/english/threadcount/threadcount. html)
[2] Revised Test Method Further Defines Fabric Count (http:// astm. org/ SNEWS/FEBRUARY_2003/ fabric_feb03.
html)
[3] (http://www. hometextilestoday. com/ article/ CA475384. html) "Down For the (Thread) Count"
[4] Down For the (Thread) Count - 10/25/2004 - Home Textiles Today (http://www. hometextilestoday. com/ article/
CA475384. html)

external links
• Textiles Intelligence Glossary (in English). (http://www. textileintelligence. com/glo/)
Sources and contributors of the article 4

Sources and contributors of the article

Units of measurement of the textile industry Source : http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=67365040 Contributors :
3coma14, Aboalbiss, Antonio herbac, FAL56, Jatrobat, Madalberta,
Little by little, Tortillovsky, 2 anonymous editions

Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors

File:Thread2.jpg Source : http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Thread2.jpg License : Public Domain Contributors :
Elkágyé

License
Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
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