Assembly and Maintenance of Gas Installations PDF

MODULE EIGHT FACILITIES
WATER AND GAS

YOU 7 ASSEMBLY AND MAINTENANCE OF
GAS INSTALLATIONS
M 8 / UD 7
MODULE EIGHT WATER AND GAS INSTALLATIONS
YOU 7 ASSEMBLY AND MAINTENANCE OF GAS INSTALLATIONS
INDEX
INDEX...........................................................................................335
INTRODUCTION..........................................................................339
GOALS..........................................................................................341
1. ASSEMBLY PHASES...............................................................343
2. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS.........................................344
2.1. Generalities......................................................................344
2.2. Booths to house propane gas containers UD 110 or I 350
on battery....................................................................................345
2.3. Booths for accountants....................................................345
2.4. Foundations for fixed LPG tanks....................................346
2.5. Pressure reducers.............................................................346
2.6. Limiters............................................................................346
2.7. Accountants.....................................................................347
2.8. Conduits...........................................................................347
2.9. Shut-off and regulation valves.........................................348
2.10. Valves for fixed LPG tanks.........................................349
2.11. Air inlets for ventilation...............................................350
2.12. Burned gas outlet.........................................................350
3. PROCEDURES AND OPERATIONS REVIEWING THE
FACILITIES..................................................................................351
3.1. Civil work........................................................................351
3.2. Distribution network........................................................352
4. SUPPLIES, TOOLS AND MEANS USED IN THE
ASSEMBLY. TECHNIQUES OF USE.........................................353
4.1. Generalities......................................................................353
4.2. Manual tools....................................................................354
4.3. Electro-portable tools......................................................354
5. NETWORK ASSEMBLY......................................................356
5.1. Copper pipes....................................................................356
5.2. steel pipes........................................................................356
5.3. polyethylene pipes...........................................................357
5.4. Accessories......................................................................357
6. ASSEMBLY OF MACHINES AND EQUIPMENT. ASSEMBLY
TECHNIQUES AND OPERATIONS, SEATING, ALIGNMENT,
FASTENING, ETC........................................................................358
6.1. Generalities......................................................................358
6.2. Mobile LPG Container Batteries.....................................359
6.3. Fixed LPG tanks..............................................................360
7. COMMISSIONING................................................................361
7.1. Generalities......................................................................361
7.2. Implementing regulations................................................362
7.3. Verifications....................................................................362
7.4. Pipe tightness tests...........................................................364
7.5. Commissioning of installations with batteries with mobile
LPG containers...........................................................................365
7.6. Commissioning of facilities with fixed deposits LPG....365
8. ASSEMBLY OF PROTECTION PANEL AND
AUTOMATION AND ELECTRICAL NETWORKS..................368
8.1. Generalities......................................................................368
8.2. Installations with explosion-proof enclosures.................368
8.3. equipotential connections................................................369
8.4. grounding.........................................................................369
9. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE OF GAS
INSTALLATIONS........................................................................371
9.1. Preventive Maintenance..................................................371
9.2. Maintenance and repair manuals.....................................371
9.3. Reviews in domestic receiving installations at B.P........371
9.4. Periodic reviews of packaging facilities LPG mobile on
battery.........................................................................................372
9.5. Periodic reviews of facilities with tanks LPG fixed.......372
9.6. High power installations..................................................373
10. TYPE OF FAULTS.............................................................374
10.1. Diagnosis and localization...........................................374
10.2. Maintenance operations: techniques and procedures.
Tools 374
10.3. Failures in receivers.....................................................374

10.4. Pipeline breakdowns....................................................375
10.5. Breakdowns in batteries for LPG containers...............375
10.6. Breakdowns in LPG tanks...........................................375
11. SAFETY IN OPERATIONS INSTALLATION AND
MAINTENANCE INSTALLATION............................................378
SUMMARY...................................................................................383
GLOSSARY...................................................................................385
SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONNAIRE..................................389
BIBLIOGRAPHY..........................................................................397
GLOSSARY...................................................................................399
INTRODUCTION
Throughout this teaching unit we are going to expose the criteria that we must
adhere to when carrying out the assembly and maintenance operations of gas
installations, as well as to carry out tightness tests and proceed with their
commissioning. Operations that the student of the Training Cycle, while not in
possession of the corresponding professional licenses, must carry out under the
supervision of an authorized gas installer/maintainer. With this, you will be able to
acquire the necessary experience and a higher professional qualification that
allows you to access the different professional licenses, in accordance with the
training itineraries established by the public administration, being able then, and
only then, to act with total autonomy.
GOALS
• Know how to establish the different phases of the assembly of a gas

installation.
• Know the technical specifications of the civil works and components of the
facilities, being able to identify the parameters that characterize them.
• Be able to carry out the layout operations of the facilities and complementary
civil works.
• Know how to use the tools, tools and means used in assembly.
• Correctly carry out the assemblies of networks, machines and equipment that
are part of the gas installations, as well as their commissioning.
• Identify the components of the auxiliary electrical installations.
• Know the preventive maintenance standards for gas installations.
• Know and repair the breakdowns that may occur, where appropriate under
the supervision of a competent technician.
• Know the risks and act safely in installation and installation maintenance
operations.
1. ASSEMBLY PHASES
The assembly sequence is different depending on the type of installation and its
circumstances. However, there are clearly differentiated phases that are common
to all of them. Namely:
• Technical specifications.
• Rethinking of the facilities.
• Execution of prior civil works.
• Location, if applicable, of machines and equipment.
• Network assembly.
• Carrying out mechanical resistance and tightness tests.
• Verification of compliance with regulations.
• Start up.
2. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
2.1. Generalities
For small installations, such as those made with mobile butane gas containers of
the UD 125 type or installations that receive natural gas or propane gas from the
corresponding meter, we have to know the following characteristics of the
receivers:
• Heating power.
• Operating pressure.
• Type of gas for which they are prepared.
• Password for homologation of the receivers, for the purpose of subsequent
legalization.
• Type of connection (threaded, with nipple...).
And, also, the specifications of:
• The pipes (material, dimensions, joining methods...).
• The shut-off and regulation valves (nominal pressure, diameter of the inlet
and outlet threads...).
Medium-type installations, such as those that use mobile propane gas container
batteries of type UD 110 (11 Kgs.) or I 350 (35 Kgs.) and that do not require a
Technical Project, may require, in addition to the characteristics of the receivers,
the preparation of a plan to be able to properly locate the bottle shed, in
accordance with the criteria given in teaching unit 6, which reflects the existence
of elements subject to safety distances, such as drains, electric motors or
explosion, electrical conductors... From the plan, the installer will size the shed
citing its technical specifications.
If the installations require a Technical Project, the installer will comply with it in all
that is specified, although this does not free him from the obligation to inquire
about any detail not included in the Project and that may affect the installation.
On the other hand, the technical specifications of:
• The regulation devices.
• The accountants.
• The conductions.
• The cut-off and regulation valves.
In all cases, it is necessary to know the characteristics (location and size) of the
air inlet grilles for ventilation and the burnt gas evacuation ducts, as well as to
collect, where appropriate, the mounting templates for the receivers that have
them.
The following sections outline the technical specifications of fundamental
components of gas installations.
2.2. Booths to house propane gas containers

UD 110 or I 350 on battery
It is necessary to establish:
• Type of material.
• Number and type of containers and internal distribution (in one or two rows).
• Interior measurements.
• Ventilation.
• Construction details of the door.
• Exact location.
Although, as said in teaching unit 6, there is no regulation that imposes certain
dimensions, it is required that ventilation be at least 20% of the floor surface. For I
350 containers, a practical rule to determine the interior measurements is:
In batteries with a row of bottles
L = ( No. of bottles + 1) x 0.30 meters.

A = 0.50 meters.
H = 1.80 meters.
In batteries with two rows of bottles
L = ( No. of bottles/2 + 1) x 0.30 meters.

A = 0.80 meters.
Example
What will be the interior measurements of a shed to house 8+8 type I 350
propane gas bottles if they are placed in a double row?
L = (16/2 + 1) x 0.30 = 2.70 meters
A = 0.80 meters.
H = 1.80 meters.
All materials used for the construction of the booth will be non-combustible and
will not have electric lighting (the standard accepts it if the material is explosion-
proof but its high cost makes it unfeasible). As we already said in UD 6, the shed
will be closed with a padlock and its floor will have a slope of 10% to prevent
rainwater from damming.
The door will be metal (usually made of iron), ventilated at the top and bottom
with electro-welded metal mesh, inclined slats or similar. Its size depends on the
interior distribution of the bottles. The most advisable thing is to use a double-leaf
door, with measurements of the order of 120x180 cm.
2.3. Booths for accountants

If the installation is individual or for semi-detached homes, no booth is required,
and it is easier to place them in an ARM regulation and measurement cabinet

standardized by the supply companies. If the installation is complex, it requires a
technical project, so we will refer to it. In a residential building, meters can be
housed:
• In a centralization located on the ground floor (natural gas) or terrace (LPG
tanks).
• On each floor, located in the so-called “technical ducts”.
• In each home, which is the case of relatively old buildings, in which the gas
installation has been carried out after its construction.
2.4. Foundations for fixed LPG tanks

This type of container always requires a Technical Project, so we will refer to it to
know its shape and dimensions, as well as its location.
2.5. Pressure reducers

The flow rate must be indicated in m 3 /h (natural gas and LPG for medium and
large regulators) or in Kgs/h and its regulation pressure (if they are not fixed),
which is usually:
• For distributions in MPB in the domestic and tertiary sectors: 1.2 to 1.5 BAR.
• For MPB distributions in the industrial sector: 1.5 to 2.5 BAR.
• For distributions in MPA: 550 and 1,000 mm.ca
• For BP distributions: 220 mm.ca for natural gas, 300 mm.ca for butane gas
and 370 mm.ca for propane gas.
Furthermore, it is essential to know if the regulator has:
• Minimum pressure VIS interception valve, manual or automatic reset.
• Maximum pressure VIS interception valve.
• VES exhaust valve, also called VAS overpressure relief.
Its input/output characteristics are expressed:
• In normalized threads (20x150 and 21.8 Left for small LPG regulators).
• In gas threads from 1/2" for larger regulators.
• In nominal diameter of the flanges for large flanged regulators (DN 40 would
correspond to a 1 1/2" regulator for example).
2.6. Limiters
As indicated in UD 5, pressure limiters, used only for propane gas installations,
are rated at:
• 1.75 BAR for the domestic and tertiary sectors.
• 3 BAR for industrial uses.
Its capacity must also appear on the outside, expressed in Kgs/h. They will be
installed after the output of the first stage pressure reducer or the automatic
inverter, if applicable.
LPG limiter 12 Kgs/h – 1.75 BAR T 20x150 and M 20x150 threads

2.7. Accountants
The membrane ones, which are the most used, have nominal flow rates of up to
100 m 3 /h and admit pressures of up to 1 BAR (depending on models). The most
common thing is to measure in BP, but in installations for propane gas with
medium or long branches, measurement in MPB is used. Namely:
• Natural gas: 220 mBAR.
• Propane gas: 370 mBAR.
• Propane gas: 0.8 BAR.
2.8. Conduits
For combustible gases, steel, copper and polyethylene are used (only in buried or
embedded sections). Although the diameter of the pipes must be determined by
calculation (see UD 5), there are values that are very common.
• Butane gas in BP: 13/15 Cu.
• Natural gas in BP (domestic installations): 13/15 Cu.
• Propane gas in MPB (small and medium installations): 10/12 Cu and 13/15
Cu.
• Propane gas and natural gas in MPB (large installations): From 1" Ac.
• Natural gas and propane, in buried sections MPB or BP: Polyethylene DN
20,25, 32, 40 and 50 mm.
It is important to indicate that the color of the pipes must be yellow for the gas
phase (natural gas or LPG) and red for the liquid phase of LPG.
2.9. Shut-off and regulation valves

The shut-off and regulation valves are defined by their nominal pressure PN, their
nominal diameter DN for flanged ones and the thread for those of this type. The
most used values are:
• Shut-off valves for domestic natural gas installations: PN5, inlet/outlet 1/2",
3/4", 1", 1 1/2" gas thread.
• Shut-off valves for small and medium LPG installations: PN5, 20x150.
• Threaded shut-off valves for industrial natural gas and LPG installations gas
phase: PN16, 1/2" to 2".
Stopcock M ” x M ” PN5
• Flanged shut-off valves for natural gas and LPG industrial installations in gas
phase: PN16, DN 15 to DN 50
• Shut-off valves for liquid phase: PN40.
Angle stopcock H 7/8” x M 7/8” PN5 for counter
2.10. Valves for fixed LPG tanks

• With the exception of the level indicators, they use a 3/4" NPT and 1 1/4" NPT
conical thread that ensures excellent sealing using Teflon as a gasket.
• The levels are mounted on supports with 4 6/100 screws with O-ring or
cylindrical flat seal.
3
• The setting pressure, 20 BAR, and the discharge flow rate in Nm /min of air
will be indicated on the safety valves.
2.11. Air inlets for ventilation

It is required to know:
• Its location (no more than 0.30 meters from the floor for any type of gas), it
being advisable to place another grille next to the ceiling, which will be
mandatory in the event that fixed ventilation is not ensured even in the case
of stoppage of the extraction equipment.
• Its free section (70% of the total for aluminum ones) according to regulations.
2.12. Burned gas outlet

Although there are calculations and tables that determine the diameter of the
chimneys, it is sufficient, in most cases, for this to be the diameter of the receiver
outlet, except in the case where there are significant horizontal sections.
3. PROCEDURES AND OPERATIONS

REVIEWING THE FACILITIES
3.1. Civil work

The layout of perpendiculars and parallels corresponds to basic layout operations
whose method has already been developed in points 6.1., 6.2. and 6.3 of
teaching unit 6, in which they were required for drawing up plans. They are
necessary to correctly locate a foundation or when a pipeline has to be buried,
since it must be parallel to the nearby enclosure, so that it is easy to follow its
route if we have a plan or, carefully, we carry out a tasting. We remember the
process with the attached figure.
Drawing a parallel
In the layout of the foundation for an LPG tank We will start from the
corresponding axles, then marking the shoes. The safety distances that appear in
the Technical Project will be carefully verified.
It is important to mark the wall grommets well, so that their axis is next to the wall
through which the channeling will run and at its height.
The air inlets for ventilation should be located in areas where a receiver will not
be placed against the wall later. Its height, the dimensions of the hole and that the
air chambers must be sealed to avoid gas accumulation in the event of a leak
must be indicated.
3.2. Distribution network

The distribution network will be laid out by marking the extreme points and using
a ruler. If you are working on tiling, you can use a line of tiles as a reference.
The clamps will be placed at a distance of around 1.00 meters between them,
taking into account that:
• If the tiling is made with cement mortar, it is very likely that there will be gaps
in the joints of the tiles that do not allow the placement of the clamps with the
required strength. It is preferable to tile with cement glue once the wall has
been plastered with mortar.
• Never place a brace in the center of an elbow.
• To hold keys, use clamps placed close to them so that the keys are held
firmly when tightened.
Placement of clamps
The general shut-off valves will always be located in an easily accessible place,
without the need to use a ladder to do so. If necessary, because the pipeline is
drawn high, it will be lowered to a height of around 1.70 meters, locating the
aforementioned keys. Those located outside in areas of public passage should
not be higher, and if necessary be placed inside a cabinet with a tab closure, not
a padlock.
Location of a general stopcock
In installations made with copper pipe, the appliance keys must be placed firmly
anchored to the wall closest to the receiver or on a robust support. They will
never be installed in the air since in this case the pipe could suffer a mechanical
torsional stress when opening or closing the tap. The regulation elements,
especially the low pressure ones, require being close to the receivers, and a
pressure loss of more than 5% is not admissible.
In industrial kitchens, it is possible to place the regulators at the back of the
kitchen blocks, or on the side, in which case they will be housed inside a
watertight cabinet or, at least, they will have a cover that protects them from dirt.
especially to the pressure balance hole.
4. SUPPLIES, TOOLS AND MEANS USED IN THE

ASSEMBLY. TECHNIQUES OF USE
4.1. Generalities
In the module corresponding to “Machining and joining techniques”, in the first
year, these points are sufficiently developed, so that we will only point out some
specific concepts of the gas technique. We remember that gas pipes can be
made with:
• Copper, used in small and medium-sized installations where there are no
major mechanical requirements.
• Steel, most commonly used in industrial facilities, with pipes with diameters
that can be considerable and therefore have greater mechanical
requirements.
• Polyethylene, for buried (or embedded) sections in BP and MPB.
4.2. Manual tools

The most used are:
• Universal pliers, “parrot beak”, pressure.
• Spanners, fixed, star, allen.
• Flat and Philips screwdrivers.
• Pipe cutter.
• Copper tube bender for 10/12 tube.
• Stillson wrench (cock) only for steel pipes and when essential. To work on
parallel faces (nuts, plugs), fixed or spanner wrenches will always be used
(preferably fixed spanners).
• Bow saws.
• Flat files.
• Hammers, steel and bronze or plastic.
SHOULD NOT:
• Use Stillson wrenches with brass as they mark and deform the valves (for
example to tighten or loosen the valves of an LPG tank).
• Pipe cutters used for steel should be used to cut copper pipe, unless we
verify its perfect condition. They can cause indentations and warping.
• Supplement the lever arms of the wrenches with tubes. This can cause
breakage or deformation in the tight elements, in addition to being dangerous
for the person doing it.
• Use pipe bender with copper tube in strips of more than 12 mm. since they
greatly reduce mechanical resistance. From 13/15 Cu, capillary welding
accessories must be used.
• Use tube stretchers or grafters to save copper fittings. The mechanical
resistance is weakened and its use is not authorized.
4.3. Electro-portable tools

• Portable electric drills must have a striker and have an anti-shock plastic
casing of the “high safety” type. They are basically used to drill into walls
using the appropriate drill bits.
• Portable electro-pneumatic drills allow, by using drill bits of great length and
diameter, to place wall grommets.
• Grinders or radial grinders allow cutting and filing steel pipe. They should not
be used for other types of pipes (copper or polyethylene) that require less
aggressive machining and for which pipe cutters should be used. They are
especially dangerous machines, so they must be used with caution.
5. NETWORK ASSEMBLY
5.1. Copper pipes

Without a doubt, the most used method for joining is capillary welding. Solder that
must be of the so-called “strong” type for medium pressure B installations and
can be “soft” (this is the tin-silver type) for low pressure installations. The torches
are of the direct pressure type with butane gas or, for brazing and, especially in
outdoor work, those of the oxybutane type, which give a fine dart and high
heating power.
The connection of the pipes to the cutting or regulating elements is usually carried
out using a threaded fitting with a flat synthetic rubber gasket. It is the safest
method, especially in MPB, although it must be taken into account that:
• It will be necessary to hold the part on which the nut is tightened since a
rotation of it could break a tube.
• The joint should not be compressed excessively by tightening it too
enthusiastically. The gasket can become deformed, losing its tightness.
Flat gasket accessory
The use of “ermeto” or similar systems (ovals that are embedded in the tube and
then create a metal-metal joint) is not the most appropriate for copper pipes since
any movement can cause leaks.
In some receivers the connections are made of steel with a male gas thread and
poor machining. In this case, a conversion must be made to parts with good
machining using Teflon as an intermediate sealing gasket. Never hemp or similar
substances.
5.2. steel pipes

Electric welding is the most used technique for joining, although regulations allow
autogenous welding for small diameters. In medium pressure B or low pressure,
the most common is “butt” welding without the need for sleeves, using the so-
called “hamburger curves” standard 3 (radius of curvature 3 times the diameter).
For high pressure, that is, in sections that may be more than 4 BAR (for example
the loading pipe of an LPG tank with a distance mouth), the use of female-female
joints and curves (that is, they hug the tube on the outside) of forged steel is
required. The welds will be reviewed one by one using “non-destructive” tests, the
most used types being x-ray and liquid penetrant tests. These tests must be
carried out by an entity authorized by the public administration.
For the coupling of flanged elements, flat gaskets approved for fuel gases will be
used. If the elements are threaded, Teflon or similar material must be used.
5.3. polyethylene pipes

The use of electrowelded polyethylene has constituted a great advance for the
laying of buried and embedded pipes, because it is a stainless material and is
also flexible enough to allow ground settlement without breaking. However, it has
the problem that it becomes brittle in sunlight and therefore cannot be used in
exposed installations.
Therefore, to come to the surface, so-called “stems” are used, which are
conversions carried out in the factory to connect PE-Cu or PE-Ac.
PE-Cu stem
The large number of accessories available for electrowelding and the simplicity of
handling the machines have meant that PE has displaced copper (very expensive
as it requires a thickness of 1.5 mm. and brass accessories) and, in diameters up
to 3", to steel (which also requires cathodic protection).
5.4. Accessories
The cocks, filters, pressure reducers and other accessories can be attached to
the pipe using:
• Nuts with loose fittings with flat gasket, for small diameters and copper pipes.
• Gas threads. If the pipe is made of steel, forged steel sleeves with MNPT
conical thread can be welded to it, which ensure excellent tightness at high
pressures.
• Flanges, exclusively for steel pipes. These will be welded in the correct
position, taking into account that their holes are located so that, when the
accessories are mounted, they are in the appropriate positions.
The following precautions should be taken:
• Flat synthetic rubber gaskets should not be pressed excessively. They can
break, so the nuts must be tightened carefully and to the right point.
• The gaskets used for flanged elements (faucets, regulators, filters...) must be
pressed evenly. Tighten the screws little by little and in order, in several
turns.
• The Teflon placed as a sealing material between threads gives very good
results if the necessary amount is placed, that is, offering a certain resistance
to tightening. The number of turns depends on the size of the threads and
their machining.
• Flat or O-ring gaskets should not be replaced by Teflon on their seat.
• The pipe must be well anchored so that it cannot be moved by hand.
6. ASSEMBLY OF MACHINES AND EQUIPMENT.

ASSEMBLY TECHNIQUES AND OPERATIONS,
SEATING, ALIGNMENT, FASTENING, ETC.
6.1. Generalities
Wall-mount gas receivers usually come with corresponding templates. It is
essential to correctly level them and transfer them to the wall. If the receivers are
small (heaters...) they are usually attached with two or more points. It is
necessary to first place one of the anchor points, hang the receiver, level it and
then mark and execute the other anchor points. Kitchen countertops always have
a template to make the appropriate hole. Once located, they will be connected
with rigid pipe (never flexible).
In industrial LPG facilities Transfer systems using a pump or compressor are
used to fill the tank. Although this equipment is built so that vibrations are
minimal, the pipe will be mounted so that the initial sections have enough curves
to absorb them. Silent blocks will also be placed in the holes that the legs of these
elements are provided with.
Industrial natural gas facilities do not have equipment susceptible to producing
vibrations, so no special precautions are required.
6.2. Mobile LPG Container Batteries

The batteries require automatic inverter + pressure limiter for group 3 °
installations (6+6 containers I 350 or more) and can also use a manual inverter
followed by an adjustable MPB pressure reducer and a pressure limiter for group
2 ° installations (5+5 I-350 containers maximum).
To connect the containers to the battery, through hoses, the so-called “ramp
elbows” are used (battery terminals and M 20x150 thread) and “ramp tees” with
the same thread and occupying intermediate positions. The welding outlets of
these accessories are 12 mm, so 10/12 Cu tube is used for the collector.
The battery must be mounted on a laminated profile support that will be attached
to the wall with lag screws so that the copper collector does not suffer mechanical
stress when handling it. The appropriate mounting height is 1.60 meters for I-350
containers and 1.00 meter for I-110 containers and, as a rule, the distance
between sockets (te
Copper 10/12 T 20x150 Elbow ramp
or ramp elbows) must be 15 cm. if the bottles go in a double row and 30 cm. if
they only occupy one row.
150
1500
Battery for 4+4 I-350 bottles in two rows
6.3. Fixed LPG tanks

Once the foundation has been completed, the tank will be placed. Gaps will have
been left in the foundation to allow the tank to be anchored using threaded studs.
The hole will later be filled with rich concrete and the tank will be connected to an
earth connection with a value not exceeding 20 Ohms.
Once the tank is located on its foundation, the collars in which the NPT valves
Anchoring the tank to the foundation

and the magnetic level will be threaded will be carefully cleaned, placing these in
their corresponding holes, with the exception of the safety valve, and, in the case
that there is
Perform hydraulic test of mechanical resistance, magnetic level indicator. Both

elements will be assembled after carrying out the aforementioned test. It is very
important to keep in mind that:
Multivalve with high filling point indicator
• The magnetic level buoy must move perpendicular to the axis of the tank so
as not to trip over the liquid phase outlet probe tube.
• The multivalve (gas phase outlet) will be placed in the corresponding hole,
3/4" NPT. Never in a liquid phase outlet (which has a probe tube, which is
easily noticeable with the finger) and which is also 3/4" NPT so it leads to
confusion.
• Before assembling the multivalve, the length of the high filling point rod will be
verified, which will be the measurement determined in the project. For 1,200
mm tanks. It is 28 cm. Before assembling the multivalve, the rod will be
threaded onto it and, opening the knurled screw, it will be blown to verify that
it is not clogged. For this thread, you should not use Teflon or overtighten it
so as not to crush it.
Once the tank is assembled, the first stage regulation equipment (flow limiter,
MPB adjustable pressure reducer and pressure limiter) will be connected.
7. COMMISSIONING
7.1. Generalities
The commissioning of an installation is subject to the corresponding regulations
and is carried out by an Installer provided with the corresponding tooth
professional card and, where appropriate, in the presence of representatives of
the holder, supplying company, Department of Industry or collaborating company
or organization. We remember that they are typical of:

• Installer with IG-1 card: low-pressure domestic receiving installations, with
natural gas and mobile LPG containers type UD 125 and UD 110, with a
maximum of 2 containers in simultaneous discharge.
• IG-2 installer: receiving facilities of any power and storage parks with any type
and quantity of mobile LPG containers (UD 125, UD 110 and I 350), as long
as there are no buried pipes.
• IG-3 installer: the previous ones and buried pipes.
• IG-4 installer: all types of installations, including those that use fixed LPG
tanks and the ERM natural gas regulation and measurement stations.
Given the nature of this text and the complexity of the topic, we will limit ourselves
to giving the guidelines for technical action in this process. In section 7.2. We
detail the regulations corresponding to the process and processing of the
technical-administrative documentation of the IG-1 and IG-2 professional card
facilities.
7.2. Implementing regulations

• Basic technical conditions that must be met by the installations of devices that
use LPG as fuel. (Resolution of February 25, 1963) Resolution July 24, 1963
(Dir. General Siderometallurgical Industries). GAS. Standards for liquefied
petroleum gas installations with tanks with a capacity greater than 15 Kgs.
• Royal Decree 2913/1973, of October 26, which approves the General
Regulation of the public fuel gas service (modified by RD 3484/1983).
• Order of the Ministry of Industry and Energy of December 17, 1985,
approving the Instruction on documentation and commissioning of Fuel Gas
receiving facilities and the instruction on authorized gas installers and
installation companies.
• Royal Decree 494/1988, of May 20, which approves the Regulation of
appliances that use gas as fuel (
http://www.coitiab.es/reglamentos/comb_gas/reglamentos/rd_4
94.htm#reglamento).
• Royal Decree 1853/1993, of October 22, which approves the Regulation of
gas installations in premises intended for domestic, collective or commercial
uses (RIGLO), Annexes and complementary Technical Instructions.
7.3. Verifications
In all cases, prior to start-up, it will be verified that:
• The air inlets for ventilation are made and have the location and free section
required by regulations.
• The burned gas evacuation ducts are installed, they do not have a manual
regulator and their layout is correct according to regulations, with deflectors to

prevent the burned gases from receding.
• The burnt gas outlets are far from the air inlets by the regulatory distance.
• The volumes of the premises where the gas appliances are housed are
adequate and have windows or doors that can be opened to the outside.
• The gas pipes comply with the regulatory distances to electrical outlets and
switches and are identified by regulations. ryly (yellow color for the gas
phase, red for the liquid phase).
• The wall grommets have been filled with plastic putty.
• The shut-off valves are accessible and work correctly and their nominal
pressure is the required one.
• The regulators are of the required flow and pressure and have, where
appropriate, VIS of maximum, minimum or both.
• The receivers have a nameplate that shows, at least, the thermal power, the
type of gas, the operating pressure and the approval password.
In facilities with mobile LPG tanks
• The collector is firmly anchored to the wall through a laminated steel profile.
• All sealing gaskets are in place and sufficiently tightened.
• The non-return valves are in place.
• The booth or place where the containers are located meets the regulatory
distances, is equipped with a padlock and has the regulatory ventilation (at
least 20% of the floor surface).
• The shed is built with non-combustible materials and its floor has a 10%
slope.
• It has signs with the indication: “Smoking and fire prohibited.”
• In your case ( 3rd group installations with mobile LPG containers) two 2.5 Kg
PS fire extinguishers are installed.
In installations with fixed LPG tanks
• Safety distances are met.
• The tank is grounded and the socket is no more than 20 Ohms.
• The tank has no scratches and is well painted.
• The enclosure has signs with the indication “Smoking and fire prohibited”.
• At least one 6 Kg PS fire extinguisher is placed nearby.
• If it is located on a terrace, it has hose equipment and lightning rods with
sufficient radius.
• The enclosures are at least 1.80 meters high.
• The door opens outwards and is provided with a padlock.
• If the tank is buried, it has a cathodic protection system.

• If the tank has a remote charging port, the liquid phase line is provided with
equipotential connections and painted red.
7.4. Pipe tightness tests
7.4.1. Natural gas

Tests can be performed with air or inert gas. For it:
• Close keys at the beginning and end of the test section. The final key of the
test section will be that of the device (remote or connection).
• Verify that the intermediate valves are open.
• Connect test fluid inlet device.
• Pressurize to test pressure.
• If a decrease in pressure is observed, search, with soapy water, for the leak
that may be in the installation or in the connection to the test start valve.
Sections in MPB
• Section to check: from the inlet valve to the regulator valve.
• Pressure and test times: 5 BAR for 30 minutes in sections of less than 10
meters and for 1 hour in longer sections.
• Test equipment: pressure gauge with scale 10 BAR maximum and divisions
0.1 BAR.
Sections in MPA
• Section to check: from the inlet valve to the regulator valve.
• For supply pressure up to 1,000 mm.ca the test pressure will be 1,500 mm.ca
for 15 minutes, carried out with a column of water, or a precision manometer
of appropriate scale.
• For supply pressure greater than 1,000 mm.ca The test pressure will be 1
BAR for 15 minutes, carried out with a manometer with a maximum scale of
2.5 BAR and divisions of 0.05 BAR.
Sections in BP
• Section to be checked: according to installation design.
• The test pressure will be 500 mm.ca for 10 minutes for sections of less than
10 meters and 15 minutes for sections of longer length, carried out with a
column of water, or precision manometer of appropriate scale.
Tightness in the counters and regulation assemblies.
• It will be verified with soapy foam.
7.4.2. LPG
In the MPB sections, the test will be carried out with air, inert gas or propane gas
at 5 BAR for 15 minutes. If propane gas is used and the pipes are cold,
condensation may occur, so you should:
• Open the connection of the test equipment and, after the pressure has
stabilized, wait with the equipment open for 15 minutes.
• Close the equipment. The pressure gauge should not drop.
• As a verification, open the equipment again. If a small hiss does not occur, it
is a sign that the pipe is watertight.
In the BP sections, soapy water will be used at service pressure.
7.5. Commissioning of installations with batteries with

mobile LPG containers
7.5.1. Leakage tests

They will be carried out with soapy water under direct pressure, once all the
containers have been placed and opened, checking all the welds and sealing
joints, including those of the hoses.
7.5.2. Start up
Once the tightness of the battery and piping has been checked, if the installation
has an automatic inverter, all the bottles will be opened and the installation will be
purged through the receivers. If the installation is very long, it will be purged in
MPB by loosening the inlet nuts to the receiver cocks a little, and then, after
tightening them, the BP sections will be purged.
If the installation has a manual diverter followed by an MPB pressure reducer, the
same procedure will be followed, but adjusting it to a pressure between 1.2 and
1.5 BAR. This regulation must be carried out with consumption, either in the
receivers or by causing a small leak in the battery at the outlet of the pressure
reducer.
The containers cannot be replaced except by personnel from the supplying
company.
7.6. Commissioning of facilities with fixed deposits

LPG
7.6.1. Mechanical resistance tests

The regulations indicate that LPG tanks They must be tested at 26 BAR hydraulic
pressure for 30 minutes. To do this, once all the valves are in place, except for
the safety valve (which will be tested separately) and the level indicator, water will
be introduced up to the indicated pressure using a manual or electric piston
pump. The container should not be left under pressure for much more than 30
minutes because its structure could be affected and it should be depressurized
without haste. In new tanks these tests are done in the factory.
The safety valve will be tested with a hydraulic pump, inserting a small
accumulator to avoid sudden opening. It must open at 20 BAR, closing when the
pressure drops to 19 BAR. If the valve does not act correctly, replace it and send
the calibration to the factory indicating that it is defective.
7.6.2. Inerting of tanks

In order to prevent gas and air mixtures from being produced when filling the
tanks that could give rise to an explosive atmosphere, it is essential to eliminate
the air, replacing it with nitrogen (the regulations also allow CO2) which gives rise
to to an inert atmosphere. The nitrogen is introduced through the upper part and
the air (or water) is extracted, due to overpressure, by the chek-lok installed in the
lower generator.
A slight overpressure should be created and vented once or twice. If it is going to
take a while to fill the tank, it will always be left with some pressure, to prevent
possible small leaks from allowing air to enter.
7.6.3. First filling

Although the operations to be carried out have already been explained in teaching
unit 6, we remember them. Namely:
• Connected to the ground connection of the tanker truck.
• Hose terminal threading.
• Commissioning of the tanker truck loading equipment.
• Initial filling, up to a maximum of 10%, verifying that the level has taken off,
the high filling point indicator whistles (a sign that it is not clogged) when
loosening the corresponding knurled screw and there are no leaks in the
valves, checking it with water soapy
• If all of this is met, filling will continue. The high point indicator (which will be
left open during operation) should begin to spit out liquid at 80% of the tank
volume, with liquid output continuing when reaching 85% of this. At this
moment it will be verified that the level is correct.
• The hose terminal will be unscrewed and then the ground connection from the
tanker will be disconnected.
7.6.4. Start up
The maneuvers will be carried out without haste, since otherwise it is very easy
for the flow or pressure limiters to be triggered. Thus:
• With the receiver stopcocks closed, the gas phase outlet of the multivalve will
open slightly. Will whistle.
• Little by little the hiss will decrease until it disappears, a sign that the pipe is
full of gas. At that moment we can fully open the key without danger of the
limiters tripping.
• Once the tap is opened, the MPB pressure reducer must be adjusted, with
consumption, to values between 1.2 and 1.5 BAR.
8. ASSEMBLY OF PROTECTION PANEL AND

AUTOMATION AND ELECTRICAL NETWORKS
8.1. Generalities
Electrical installations affecting gas technology are limited to the industrial field,
complying with the standards of the Low Voltage Electrotechnical Regulation for
premises with danger of fire and/or explosion in:
• Installations of transfer equipment for filling fixed LPG tanks in which
compressors or pumps are used and the installation of lighting is necessary.
• Regulation and measurement facilities, where electrical energy will be used
in the distribution systems of reading equipment and luminaires.
On the other hand, in this type of installations equipotential and grounding
connections are used, which fall within the electrical technique and therefore must
be considered.
The protection and maneuver panels must be placed away from these areas of
special danger, so they do not have to meet specific requirements. Pneumatic
accessories, especially pushbuttons, can also be used to control the equipment.
Although it is not the responsibility of the gas installer to carry out this type of
assembly, they must be sufficiently familiar with it, especially as it affects the risk
of improper handling.
8.2. Installations with explosion-proof enclosures

A flameproof enclosure is one capable of withstanding the internal explosion of a
flammable mixture that has penetrated its interior without suffering damage to its
structure and without transmitting the internal inflammation to the external
explosive atmosphere through the union joints or other communications.
Explosion-proof enclosures should not be confused with watertight enclosures,
although they can be with respect to dust and water. They allow the entry of the
gas that generates the explosive atmosphere, but are capable of cooling the
shock wave of a possible internal explosion to a temperature below the flash point
of the gas that is outside. The path L1+L2 is traveled by the hot gases from the
explosion, which cause the sealing gasket to burst (marked in red in the figure)
whose sole purpose is to prevent dust or water from penetrating.
Explosion-proof enclosure
inside. The value of the gap “e” is such that the gas can expand without
problems, thereby creating nothing more than a controlled overpressure inside
the envelope, and, in addition, it cools when leaving, giving up heat to the
envelope that It is made of cast aluminum and has considerable mass. All
explosion-proof material will have its corresponding nameplate, which, along with
the Ex or Eex notation (which indicates that it is built for an explosive
atmosphere), includes the letter “d” (flame-proof enclosure), the indication of the
group of protected gases. (I for natural gas and IIA for propane) and ambient
temperature, which, if not otherwise specified, is acceptable between -25 ° C to
+40 ° C.
The cable used for installations with explosion-proof enclosures is of the armored
type and installed in surface mounting, although in installations In older versions,
1,000 V cable can be found under the tube, with the entrances and exits of the
enclosures sealed to prevent possible transmission of the pressure wave if an
explosion occurs inside the enclosure. Its section must be very oversized so that
it does not register the slightest heating and, in the event of a short circuit, it can
withstand it without being destroyed.
8.3. equipotential connections

Their objective is to ensure that two nearby metallic elements cannot be at
different electrical potentials. Any non-metallic element must be “bridged” so that
this is achieved. The most common case is that of stopcocks, meters and
regulators, which have insulating gaskets, so the input and output of these
elements must be electrically connected.
8.4. grounding
Require grounding:
• ERM regulation and measurement stations of natural gas.
• The houses for pumps and compressors.

• Installations with fixed LPG tanks
Its value, which must be measured with a tellurometer, must not exceed 20
Ohms.
9. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE OF
GAS INSTALLATIONS
9.1. Preventive Maintenance

The regulations, more than about preventive maintenance, tell us about periodic
reviews in which anomalies can be detected in the installations and devices and
which must be resolved quickly. In view of what is indicated therein, and often by
analogy, we can conclude that:
• LPG tanks They must be reviewed annually.
• Batteries with mobile LPG containers They must be reviewed every 4 years,
like all receiving facilities.
Maintenance companies can, in principle, perform these services, as long as they
are registered in the “Servei Territorial de Industria” of the corresponding province
and correspond to the regulatory category. Namely:
• Companies of type EG1: domestic installations in BP and MPA inside homes,
which cover domestic receiving installations with containers of UD125 butane
gas, propane in BP type UD 110 and natral gas from receivers.
• Companies of type EG2: all types of receiving facilities, including in public
premises, and facilities with mobile propane gas containers UD 110 and I
350, placed in a battery, in MPB.
• EG4 type companies: any type of installations, including fixed LPG tanks and
natural gas regulation and measurement stations in MPB.
9.2. Maintenance and repair manuals

In certain types of facilities, such as those with fixed LPG tanks, the existence of
a “maintenance and repair book” is required in which the dates of the inspections
and recorded incidents are reflected, as well as the repairs carried out and its
result. The book, filled out by the OTC (competent Territorial Organization) is one
of the documents necessary for the legalization of the installation and its start-up
and must be kept by the user who must make it available to the OTC if it requires
it.
9.3. Reviews in domestic receiving installations

at B.P.
It is necessary to verify that:
• The road is painted yellow, at least in its identifying sections.
• The stopcocks operate correctly.
• The receivers are connected correctly and the hoses have not expired.
• The air inlets are not covered by objects and have sufficient section.
• The evacuation ducts have the correct layout and have deflectors.
This review must be completed with a control of the draft in the heaters and/or
heating boilers and an analysis of their combustion products.
9.4. Periodic reviews of packaging facilities

LPG mobile on battery
In batteries it must be verified that:
• There are no objects foreign to the installation inside the booth.
• The high pressure hoses of the collector battery have not exceeded their
expiration date.
• The regulatory safety distances are met from the containers to the different
risk points (motors, electrical conductors, drains...).
• The lock on the shed door opens and closes correctly.
• There are no leaks in the battery, finding out by using soapy foam.
• Signs “no smoking and no fire” and “flammable gas” are posted.
The receiving installation includes from the external shut-off key to the receivers.
It must be fulfilled that:
• The road is painted yellow, at least in its identifying sections.
• The stopcocks operate correctly.
• The receivers are connected correctly and the hoses have not expired.
• The air inlets are not covered by objects and have sufficient section.
• The evacuation ducts have the correct layout and have deflectors.
In the entire part of the installation subjected to medium pressure B, a leak test
will be carried out with propane gas at 5 BAR, starting from the outlet of the
pressure limiter and for 15 minutes, and the pressure gauge should not be
lowered once the installation has stabilized. . For the test, the stopcocks of the
devices will be closed.
In the part of the installation subject to low pressure, that is, from the outlets of
the 2nd stage pressure reducers (370 mm.ca), it will be sufficient to verify the
absence of leaks with soapy foam.
The installer is obliged to inform the supplying company of any anomaly in the
installation, and must keep a copy completed by it of the report presented.
9.5. Periodic reviews of facilities with tanks

LPG fixed
At the deposit it will be verified that:
• The ground connection is well connected and has a value of no more than 20
Ohms.
• There are no leaks in the valves, for which soapy water will be used.
• The high filling point is not blinded.
• There are no traces of rust on the tank, it is well painted.
• The regulators are set at pressures between 1.2 and 1.7 BAR.
• The “no smoking and no fire” signs are in place and in good condition.
• Fire extinguishers do not exceed their expiration date.
If the tank is buried, the cathodic protection potential will be measured. If the tank
is on a terrace, the following will also be verified:
• The good condition of the loading mouth.
• Its ground connection.
• The good condition of the hose and that the pressure in it is sufficient.
• The good visual condition of the lightning rod.
The power line corresponds to the section that goes to the external shut-off valve.
In it, a leak test will be carried out with propane gas at 5 BAR, starting from the
outlet of the pressure limiter and for 15 minutes, and the pressure gauge should
not be lowered once the installation is stabilized. For the test, the external
stopcocks will be closed.
In the part corresponding to the receiving installation (starting from the general
external cut-off key) the reviews are four-yearly, with the same operation
indicated in section 9.4 for these.
9.6. High power installations

Your own maintenance personnel must monitor the safety of the installation on a
daily basis. However, periodic reviews and repair of specific elements of the
installation should only be carried out by authorized personnel in the possession
of the corresponding professional card tooth.
10. TYPE OF FAULTS
10.1. Diagnosis and localization

In a gas installation, breakdowns occur in:
• Receivers.
• Conduits.
• Regulation and security elements.
• LPG tank valves
Only serious breakdowns are detected by the layman, which is the case of a gas
leak in a pipeline. Most are detected in periodic reviews by technical personnel.
10.2. Maintenance operations:

techniques and procedures. Tools
Maintenance operations must be carried out by technical personnel, using
appropriate tools. In premises where there is a risk of explosive atmosphere, such
as the LPG loading and transfer equipment booths. and the regulation and
measurement stations:
• DO NOT use tools that may produce sparks. Use brass or plastic hammers.
• Never work with electrical voltage. An anti-deflation installation great it ceases
to be if the envelope is opened.
The tools, techniques and procedures to be used are the same as those for
assembly and tightness tests, referring to points 4.2, 4.3 and 6.4 for details.
Handling propane gas in liquid form can cause serious burns. Always use
appropriate gloves for this.
10.3. Failures in receivers

The maintainer of a gas installation must not manipulate the receivers, since this
is the responsibility of the Technical Assistance Services. It will be limited to
verifying:
• That the gas reaches the receiver at the appropriate pressure, usually at low
pressure. To do this, it will use a column of water connected to the input of
the receiver and read the pressure with maximum and minimum
consumption. Its value must not be less than the nominal value by more than
5%.
• That the draft is sufficient in the burnt gas evacuation pipes. To do this, you
must use a depressometer, which is sometimes difficult. Clear symptoms that
the draft is not sufficient may be the existence of water vapor from
condensation or the excessive temperature of the chimney at its base.
10.4. Pipeline breakdowns

• Corrosion, especially in steel pipes, can be avoided if the pipe is well painted,
especially in the welded areas. Copper tube is more resistant to corrosion but
there can be problems in those welds where the stripper has not been
thoroughly cleaned.
• If we have to repair a leak we must take into account the possibility of
creating an explosive atmosphere formed by the mixture of gas and air.
Therefore, before welding, we must ensure that there is no trace of gas, for
which the pipe will be left open for the necessary time. In case of doubt, the
pipe will be inerted with nitrogen.
10.5. Breakdowns in batteries for LPG containers

Gas leaks and battery blockage will be avoided considering that:
• The collector must be well anchored. You should not operate on it without it
being well secured.
• The sealing joints of the container hoses deteriorate easily. Every time these
are changed, the gaskets should be checked and replaced if there is the
slightest doubt. This operation can be carried out by the supplier company's
delivery person, since he is authorized to do so.
• If the battery has a manual inverter and MPB pressure reducer, it will not be
regulated to more than 1.7 BAR, since if this pressure is exceeded the
pressure limiter may be blocked.
10.6. Breakdowns in LPG tanks

To consider:
• Leaks at the base of the valve (the thread that fits the collars) are detected
with soapy foam. Tighten carefully with a wrench or wrench but without
excess. This can cause the valve seats, which are made of brass, to warp. If
the leak cannot be eliminated, it will be necessary to empty the tank, unscrew
the valve, clean the collar and its thread well, removing any remains of
Teflon, place new Teflon and re-thread it.
• The magnetic level has an O-ring or cylindrical seal. If there is a leak, the 4
screws provided can be tightened by turning in the order 1-3-2-4.
• If the magnetic level does not start on a first fill with more than 10% charge,
hit the upper generator of the tank, next to the level, with a plastic mallet or a
board. The vibration produced usually makes it take off.
• If the magnetic level sticks during filling, having been started correctly, it is
possible that it is positioned incorrectly and the float hits the liquid phase
probe tube.
• If the high point indicator does not whistle from the beginning when the
knurled screw is opened, it may be clogged. If it hisses but does not spit out
liquid when it reaches 85%, it means that it is short in length.
• The fill valve may leak through its check valves. In this case, it should not be
covered with the plastic cover it comes with, but rather with a metal cap,
since the first one alone protects it from dirt and may not withstand the
pressure.
• If the MPB pressure reducer vibrates, it must be verified that no liquid comes
out of it, which would be due to the fact that, erroneously, it is connected to
an orifice that corresponds to the liquid phase that has a diving tube welded
to it. This assembly error is very serious since it can cause the liquid to reach
the receivers, causing a sudden expansion that could cause an explosion.
In order to solve these faults, it may be necessary to empty the gas tank, a
delicate operation that must be carried out according to the following process:
• If the fault does not pose an immediate danger (level engaged, high point
indicator blinded), consume all the gas.
• If there is a gas leak that is considered serious, the distribution company must
be asked to send a depressurized tanker truck. The tank will be emptied
through the liquid phase outlet, aided by the injection of nitrogen through the
loading mouth (using a suitable adapter) which will create an overpressure
that facilitates the operation.
• Once the tank is empty, it will be inerted with nitrogen.
• The overpressure will be relieved by discharging the gas-nitrogen mixture to
the atmosphere with caution.
• Once this is done, the tank can be opened and the repair can proceed.
• Once this has been carried out, the tank must be inerted again for filling.
Emptying an LPG tank

11. SAFETY IN OPERATIONS

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE INSTALLATION
In addition to compliance with the standards in the assembly, commissioning and

maintenance of fuel gas installations that have been developed throughout this teaching
unit, it is necessary to identify the existing risks of greatest incidence and establish
preventive measures to reduce the risk of accidents. For more information, we refer to
the corresponding first-year professional module.
PREVENTIVE MEASURE TO
IDENTIFIED RISK IMPLEMENT
Falls at different levels due to internal movements Protect the gaps.
on site. Use of approved PPE.
Falls from manual ladders or scaffolding. Use of stairs with non-slip shoes. Correct assembly
of scaffolding.
Falls on slippery floors. Cleaning.

Falls due to the presence of objects or cables on Order and cleanliness.
the ground.
Collapse due to stacking of materials. Place them outside of work areas.

Footsteps on objects, tools and debris that are on Order and cleanliness.
the ground. Use of safety footwear.
Cuts and bumps when using hand and portable
tools. Use the right tools.
Periodic and immediate maintenance if a defect is
detected.
Never remove protections, especially from grinders.
Cutting due to the handling of sharp materials.

Wear appropriate gloves when handling steel pipes.
Use of approved protective glasses.
Projection of particles during material cutting
operations with grinders and welding operations.
Do not place yourself within the range of action of

Trapping or crushing in the movement of loads. the lifting mechanism.
Overexertion when handling heavy loads.
Use auxiliary means.
Distribute loads.
Proper postures.
Burns in welding operations.
Use of gloves.
In prolonged operations, use of leather aprons.
Electrical contacts due to deficiencies in

equipment and protections. Have magneto-thermal and differential switches in
the power panels.
Check the connection cables to the panel.
Use double-insulated portable lamps in good
condition.
The cable connection will be done with plugs.
Connect the machines and equipment that require it
to ground.
Use double-insulated electro-portable machines.
Electrical contacts in humid areas.
Use of portable lamps and machines with a safety
transformer. Use of appropriate footwear.
Exposure to welding fumes. Always solder in well-ventilated places. If this is not

possible, use a mask with a carbon filter and mobile
localized extraction.
Health surveillance.
Exposure to non-ionizing radiation during welding.
Mandatory use of face shield during welding.
Do not leave body parts exposed. Health
surveillance.
Explosion during the start-up of the gas Supervision of operations by qualified technical
installation. personnel in possession of the corresponding
professional license.
Use of approved gloves.

Burns when handling liquid propane gas.
Fire caused during pipe welding or cutting
operations. Prohibition of carrying out welding or radial work in
the vicinity of flammable material.
Use of separation screens.
Fire caused by short circuit. Do not overload the lines.

Action in the event of a fire.
Identify the fire extinguishers and their location.
Know the rules of use.
Keep evacuation routes clean and illuminated.
SUMMARY
The assembly of a gas installation consists of different phases that may have
different chronological order, but always include:
• Establishment of the technical specifications of the complementary civil works
and the different components of the installation: receivers, booths,
foundations for fixed LPG tanks, regulation elements, pipes, air inlets for
combustion, burnt gas outlet...
• Rethinking operations of the facilities, both civil works and the distribution
network.
• Carrying out the previous civil works.
• Assembly of networks, machines and equipment.
• Tests for tightness and mechanical resistance, if applicable.
• Commissioning.
The tools used in gas installations must be of good quality and not damage the
manipulated elements. Tap wrenches will only be used to secure steel pipes,
avoiding their use in other cases (for example to tighten valves in LPG tanks).
The copper pipes will be joined by capillary brazing in all sections of MP. The
steel ones with electric welding. All of them will be subjected to tests of
mechanical resistance and tightness with air, inert gas or fuel gas, and the
pressures and times indicated by the regulations. The welds of the high-pressure
steel pipes (lines of the charging ports at a distance from LPG tanks, etc.) will be
inspected with non-destructive tests (use of penetrating liquids).
Electrical installations used in premises with danger of fire and/or explosion will
be made with explosion-proof material. Both its assembly and repair will be
carried out by an authorized electrician installer.
Gas installations require preventive maintenance based on regulatory reviews,
annual for LPG tanks, and four-yearly for receiving facilities. These reviews will
have to be carried out by an installer-maintainer with competence in the
corresponding type of installation.
Breakdowns usually correspond to leaks or blockages in regulation systems. To
detect leaks, soapy water or an electronic detector will be used. Under no
circumstances will a flame be used.
IG-1 installers can carry out or maintain low-pressure domestic gas receiving
installations, that is, from the meter (in the case of natural gas) or from a
maximum of two butane gas containers in parallel, with a low-pressure outlet. IG-
2 installers may also intervene in receiving installations of any type (even in
public places) and mobile LPG container batteries. with distribution in MPB. The
IG-3 installers can work in buried installations and the IG-4 in any type of
installations. The installer of any category must be registered in an OTC
Registration Book and belong to an installation company also registered.
Breakdowns in LPG tanks They must be repaired under the supervision of an IG-
4 installer. Special care must be taken when handling propane gas in the liquid
phase, as it causes burns. Therefore, appropriate gloves must be used. The
danger of these operations requires having very clear ideas about their execution.
Safety in the assembly and maintenance of facilities involves compliance with the
work standards set forth in this teaching unit, the identification of other general
risks, and the adoption of the corresponding preventive measures.
GLOSSARY
Clamp : accessory for fastening steel or copper pipes to the walls.

Watertight cabinet : does not allow dust and/or water to enter inside. The
tightness of a cabinet or enclosure in general is given by its IP index.
Explosive atmosphere : mixture of gas and air in such a proportion that it can
generate an explosion.
Inert atmosphere : one in which an explosion cannot occur. It can be a mixture of
fuel gas with nitrogen or carbon dioxide or only one of the latter.
Battery : parallel coupling of mobile LPG containers Provided with hoses, check
valves, ramp tees and elbows, automatic diverter (or manual diverter and
adjustable MPB pressure reducer) and pressure limiter.
Foundation : support support usually made of factory work to support a fixed
LPG tank
Elbow ramp : terminal accessory that allows connecting hoses from mobile LPG
containers connected as a battery with the collector. Its ends are usually M
20x150 threaded and for welding at (0)10/12 Cu.
Collector : also called battery for the parallel coupling of mobile LPG containers
Collar : forged steel accessory welded to an LPG tank in the factory that allows
the coupling of the valve to it, threading or screwing it
Equipotential connection : electrical bridge that prevents nearby conduits or
metal elements from being at different electrical potentials.
Approval password : in a gas receiver it is a reference granted by the OTC that
indicates that the receiver is authorized for connection to the gas network and
meets the regulatory conditions, appearing in the type records.
Deflector : outlet cap of a burnt gas evacuation pipe that prevents water from
penetrating into it and preventing water from flowing back towards the receiver.
Depressurization : reduction of the pressure of a container to atmospheric.
Explosion-proof enclosure : it allows conventional electrical equipment and
materials to be housed inside, being constructed so that, in the event of an
explosion, the shock wave cools, exiting to the outside at a temperature lower
than the ignition temperature of the surrounding gaseous atmosphere.
Hose equipment : set of 25 mm (o) rigid hose, wound on a reel, stopcock and
pressure gauge that is placed next to the fixed LPG tanks installed on terrace.
Ermeto : metal-to-metal joint with an intermediate embeddable sleeve for gas-
specific steel pipes.
Technical specification : technical data (power, pressure, flow...) of a pipe,
accessories or receiver.
Tightness : in gas it is equivalent to the absence of leaks at the test pressure.
Detectable with soapy water and, for low pressures, through the water column.
Flat gasket : cylindrical joint
O-ring : circular joint with circular section.
Civil works : complementary work for the assembly of gas installations and
equipment (foundations, booths, wall passages...)
Characteristics plate : on a receiver and on a regulation or cutting element, it
indicates its technical specifications, approval password and information from the
manufacturer or importer.
Hydraulic pressure : achieved by means of a pump, it allows verifying, with
water, the conditions of mechanical resistance and non-deformability of a fixed
LPG tank
Pressurize : increase the pressure in an LPG tank (or a conduction) by means of
inert gas.
Technical Project : description and justification of the characteristics of a gas
installation carried out by a competent qualified Technician.
Purge : eliminate air or inert gas in a tank or pipeline.
Staking out : action of marking on the ground, based on the corresponding plans,
the different parts of a gas installation that require it (pipes, foundations, booths,
wall passages...)
Conical thread : one that is not cylindrical but has a certain taper, which allows a
better adjustment of the threaded elements. In gas the NPT thread is used.
Stem : accessory that allows the connection of a buried or embedded
polyethylene conduit with steel or copper pipe.
Ramp tee : intermediate accessory that allows connecting the hoses from mobile
LPG containers connected as a battery with the collector. Its ends are usually M
Knurled screw : screw machined so that it is easy to manipulate by hand.
Shut-off valve : in gas technology they are those with 1/4 turn capable of rapid
closing and opening.
Regulating valve : they are those capable of adjusting, within a limit, the gas flow
and pressure, with a smooth operation of several turns of the handwheel.
High filling point rod : threaded rod to the outlet multivalve of a fixed LPG tank
with a length such that it allows detecting that the liquid level in it is 85%.
SELF-ASSESSMENT QUESTIONNAIRE
1) In a house to house UD 110 or I 350 propane gas containers placed in a

battery, ventilation of:
a) At least 20% of the surface of the shed.
b) At least 20% of the soil surface.
c) Two fixed grids (at the top or bottom) of 100x100 mm.
2) If we want to house a battery for 6+6 I 350 bottles in two rows in a shed, the
recommended interior dimensions will be:
a) 210x80x180 cm.
b) 260x70x180 cm.
c) 150x80x180 cm.
3) In a shed for storing mobile LPG containers where you want to install a
lighting lamp:
a) This has to be gas.
b) The lamp will be electric but with a watertight casing.
c) The lamp can be electric but with an explosion-proof casing.
4) The floor of a shed to store mobile LPG containers it must be:
a) Completely horizontal so that the bottles do not fall.
b) With a slope of 10%.
c) It can be horizontal if a drain is placed inside.
5) In an LPG installation with a tank installed on the terrace, the meter house:
a) It will be on the terrace.
b) It could be installed on the ground floor.
c) Both answers are correct.
6) In a piped gas installation, the meters:
a) They will always be centralized.
b) They will always be housed inside the subscriber's home.
c) No answer is correct.
7) The set pressure of a limiter for natural gas in domestic uses:
a) It is 1.75 BAR.
b) It is 3 BAR.
c) Limiters are not used for natural gas.
8) The most used counters are those of:
a) Membrane.
b) Turbine.
c) Pistons.
9) The pressure at the inlet of an LPG meter is
a) Always 37 mBAR.
b) It can be 0.8 BAR.
c) It will be 220 mm.ca
10)If we say that a shut-off valve is DN40 it means
a) That its inlet and outlet are DN40 threaded.
b) Which is flanged and is used for 1 1/2" steel pipe.
c) Which is flanged, used for 40 mm polyethylene.
11)In a fixed LPG tank small in size, the valves (with the exception of the
magnetic level) are of
a) 3/4" and 1 1/4" gas.
b) 3/4" and 1 1/4" Allen.
c) 3/4" and 1 1/4" NPT.
12)The useful section of a 100x100 aluminum grating is of the order of
100cm2
a)
70cm2
b)
700cm2
c)
13)Clamps should not be placed
a) At the elbows of the pipes.
b) In the vertical uprights.
c) Next to the stopcocks.
14)If a gas line enters through the roof, the main shut-off key
a) It will be installed next to the line entrance.
b) The line will be lowered to a height of 1.70 to 1.80 meters.
c) A general shut-off key will not be used because it is inaccessible.
15)To tighten the valves of a fixed LPG tank will be used
a) A Stillson wrench.
b) A wrench.
c) Approved, non-sparking bronze pressure pliers.
16) If we say that an appliance has double insulation, we are referring to
a) A reinforced insulated meter cabinet.
b) A gas meter protected against static electricity discharges.

c) An electro-portable tool.
17)If we use a flat gasket in a nut sealing system with loose fitting, the nut must
be tightened:
a) As tightly as possible in order to fully compress the joint.
b) With just enough force, using some Teflon to improve the tightness.
c) No answer is correct.
18)If we have to weld a pipe under high pressure, it must
a) Use stainless steel accessories.
b) Perform non-destructive testing (for example x-rays) on each weld.
c) Both answers are correct.
19)Polyethylene
a) It can only be used in buried installations.
b) It can be used in visible installations.
c) Both answers are incorrect.
20)The piece used to connect polyethylene pipes with copper pipes is called
a) Stem.
b) Root.
c) Converter.
21)Batteries for mobile LPG containers They should be placed at a height above
the ground
a) 1.80 meters.
b) 1.00 meter.
c) 1.60 meters.
22)In a battery for mobile LPG containers In a row the distance between two
consecutive ramp tees will be:
a) 30cm.
b) 45cm.
c) 15cm.
23)In a fixed LPG tank the magnetic level buoy must move
a) In the same direction as the axis of the tank.
b) Perpendicularly to the axis of the tank.
c) At 45 ° from this.
24)Yes in a fixed LPG tank we insert our finger through the collar and come
across a tube, the output will correspond to
a) Gas phase.
b) Liquid phase.
c) It can belong to either of the two, depending on the type of deposit.
25)The high filling point rod in a fixed LPG tank it will be threaded to the
multivalve
a) Using Teflon to ensure perfect sealing.
b) Not using Teflon but squeezing it very tightly.
c) Not using Teflon.
26)At the door of a booth for mobile LPG containers the most appropriate is
a) Use a padlock.
b) Use a lock.
c) Use a latch that cannot be locked with a padlock.
27)If a fixed LPG tank It is located on a terrace and must have:
a) From a hose team.
b) From a NH3 fire extinguisher.
c) Of both elements.
28)The minimum height of the enclosures of the fixed LPG tank areas be:
a) 1.80 meters.
b) 2.20 meters.
c) 1.10 meters.
29)The test pressure in a 12 meter long section of MPB will be:
a) 5 BAR for 30 minutes.
b) 5 BAR for 1 hour.
c) 1.5 times the service pressure for 15 minutes.
30)In a natural gas network with supply pressure 550 mm.ca The test pressure
will be:
b) 1,500 mm.ca during 15 minutes.
c) 1,500 mm.ca for 5 minutes.
31)In a natural gas network with supply pressure 1,000 mm.ca The test pressure
will be:
b) 1,500 mm.ca during 15 minutes.
c) 1,500 mm.ca for 5 minutes.
32) To look for leaks in a gas network
a) An explosion-proof lighter will be used.
b) Soapy water will be used.
c) Both methods are acceptable.
33)In a battery for mobile LPG containers Provided with manual diverter and
adjustable MPB pressure reducer, this will be adjusted to a pressure of:

a) Between 1.2 and 1.5 BAR.
b) About 0.7 BAR.
c) Between 2.2 and 2.5 BAR.
34)The inerting of a fixed LPG tank consists in
a) Eliminate water or air, replacing it with nitrogen or carbon dioxide.
b) Eliminate the air using a vacuum pump similar to those used in
refrigeration technology.
c) Both procedures are valid.
35)An explosion-proof enclosure is
a) An enclosure that is sealed against dust, water and combustible gases.
b) It allows combustible gases to penetrate and, in the event of an
explosion, cools the exhaust gases below the ignition temperature of the
external explosive atmosphere.
c) It is the most perfected type of cabinet to house gas meters.
36) The acronyms that indicate that an enclosure is explosion-proof are
a) Ex.
b) And ex.
c) Both.
37)An EG2 company can maintain
a) Reception facilities of any type, including in public premises.
b) Installations with fixed LPG tanks
c) Both types of installation.
38)Manipulation of propane gas in liquid state
a) It should never be done.
b) It can be done under the supervision of IG3 installer.
c) It is very dangerous due to the possibility of burns.
39)In a fixed tank for LPG storage The high fill point indicator does not whistle
when opening the knurled screw. This may be because the rod
a) It's short.
b) Is long.
c) She is muffled.
40)Yes at the exit of a fixed tank for LPG storage the pressure reducer vibrates, it
may be because
a) Due to confusion it has been connected to a liquid phase outlet.
b) The tank is too full.
c) The tank is almost empty.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Lorenzo Becco, J. L.: LPG Liquefied petroleum gases , Madrid: Marketing

Directorate Repsol-Butano SA, 1989.
General catalog SA KROMSCHROEDER.
Gas: devices and applications , Barcelona: Compañía Roca Radiadores S. A.,
1990.
Manual of gas and its applications , Barcelona: Sedigas, 1991.
Manual for the installation of LPG , Repsol Butano.
GLOSSARY
GLOSSARY
Clamp : accessory for fastening steel or copper pipes to the walls.

Connection : connection to a channeled gas distribution network for the service
of an individual or collective subscriber.
Kosangas adjustable pressure regulator-adapter : head to adapt LPG
containers UD 110 and UD 125 to the network and that allows the outlet pressure
to be regulated up to 2 BAR.
Free outlet adapter : construction similar to the previous one but that discharges
all the pressure from the bottle and does not allow regulation.
“Kosangas” K 30 adapter-regulator : used in domestic installations with UD 125
butane gas containers and which gives a fixed output pressure of 32 gr/cm 2 .
Propane air : mixture of air and propane gas that can complement or eventually
replace piped natural gas.
Regulation cabinet : standardized set that allows the subscriber installations to
be connected to the connections, reducing their pressure to the distribution or
consumption pressure.
Watertight cabinet : does not allow dust and/or water to enter inside. The
tightness of a cabinet or enclosure in general is given by its IP index.
Atmosphere : unit of pressure. Approximately 1 Atmosphere = 1 BAR.
Explosive atmosphere : mixture of gas and air in such a proportion that it can
generate an explosion.
Inert atmosphere : one in which an explosion cannot occur. It can be a mixture of
fuel gas with nitrogen or carbon dioxide or only one of the latter.
Bar : unit of pressure. The millibar (mBAR) and the mm.ca are submultiples. (1
mBAR = 10 mm.ca).
Battery : parallel coupling of mobile LPG containers Provided with hoses, check
valves, ramp tees and elbows, automatic diverter (or manual diverter and
adjustable MPB pressure reducer) and pressure limiter.
Biogas : gas of plant or animal origin generated in chambers with digesters and
usually used for own consumption.
Booth : small closed area, built of masonry or prefabricated (always with non-
flammable material) intended to house meters, LPG containers or loading and
transfer equipment.
Foundation : support support usually made of factory work to support a fixed
LPG tank
Elbow ramp : terminal accessory that allows connecting hoses from mobile LPG
containers connected as a battery with the collector. Its ends are usually M
Collector : also called battery for the parallel coupling of mobile LPG containers
39
9
GLOSSARY
Water column : measuring device for low pressures in which a hydraulic

difference equivalent to the manometric pressure of a gas is caused, this being
expressed in mm.ca
Collar : forged steel accessory welded to an LPG tank in the factory that allows
the coupling of the valve to it, threading or screwing it
Normal conditions of a gas : these are those understood at 0 ° C and

atmospheric pressure.
Standard conditions of a gas : they are those that correspond to +15 ° C and
Real conditions of a gas : refer to the properties under the specific conditions of
distribution or feeding.
Conduction : channeling through which the gas or liquid phase passes.
Equipotential connection : electrical bridge that prevents nearby conduits or
metal elements from being at different electrical potentials.
3
Counter : device that measures and records the transferred flow in m /h at the
distribution or consumption pressure.
Approval password : in a gas receiver it is a reference granted by the OTC that
indicates that the receiver is authorized for connection to the gas network and
meets the regulatory conditions, appearing in the type records.
Accumulated dimensions : they start from a common origin, so measurement
errors do not accumulate.
Linked dimensions : these are those usually used, added to give the total length.
Deflector : outlet cap of a burnt gas evacuation pipe that prevents water from
penetrating into it and preventing water from flowing back towards the receiver.
Absolute density : mass per unit volume.
Apparent density : It is also known as fictitious density and is relative to that of
air.
LPG tanks : cylindrical containers topped by two spherical caps and used to store
bulk gas.
Depressurization : reduction of the pressure of a container to atmospheric.
Safety distance : path taken by the gas in the event of a leak.
Perfect gas equation : mathematical formula that relates, in absolute values, the
so-called “normal conditions” to the “real conditions” of a gas.
Container I 350 : standardized container that can contain 35 Kgs. Propane gas,
equipped with IESA valve.
Popular packaging : small containers without a safety valve and with a screw
cap and which allow them to be transported in unauthorized vehicles.
UD 110 container : standardized container that can contain 11 Kgs. Propane
gas, equipped with KOSANGAS valve.
40
0
GLOSSARY
UD 125 container : standardized container that can contain 12.5 Kgs. Propane
gas, equipped with KOSANGAS valve.
Explosion-proof enclosure : it allows conventional electrical equipment and
materials to be housed inside, being constructed so that, in the event of an
explosion, the blast wave cools, exiting to the outside at a temperature lower than
the ignition temperature of the surrounding gaseous atmosphere.
Hose equipment : set of 25 mm (o) rigid hose, wound on a reel, stopcock and
pressure gauge that is placed next to the fixed LPG tanks installed on terrace.
Ermeto : metal-metal joint with an intermediate embeddable sleeve for gas-
specific steel pipes.
Graphic scale : segment divided into units of measurement, which preserves the
original proportions with the measurements of the plane even if it is reduced or
enlarged.
Numerical scale : proportion between the measurements of the plane and those
of reality.
Technical specification : technical data (power, pressure, flow...) of a pipe,
accessories or receiver.
Scheme : simple graphic expression of the technical characteristics of an
installation without details of its route.
Tightness : in gas it is equivalent to the absence of leaks at the test pressure.
Detectable with soapy water and, for low pressures, through the water column.
Renouard formulas : basic formulas for determining the pressure loss in a gas
pipeline.
Bulk gas : commercial propane (up to 20% butane gas) or metallurgical gas
(100% pure propane) supplied via tanker trucks to fixed tanks.
Piped gas : gas carried through pipes to the points of consumption. It is usually
natural gas, but there are small pipelines (urbanizations...) from an LPG tank in
bulk.
Industrial fuel gas : homogeneous fuel gases used in the residential, industrial
and tertiary sectors.
Compressed gas : gas that is only used in the gas phase (natural gas).
Bottled gas : Liquefied petroleum gas (butane or propane) that is stored in the
liquid phase in a mobile container.
Liquefied petroleum gas : coming from its distillation, it is stored in the liquid
phase in large tanks, for later packaging or distribution in bulk.
Manufactured gas : produced from various raw materials, it is what was
previously called “city gas”.
Natural gas : obtained from deposits in which it accompanies or does not
accompany oil. It is made up mainly of methane gas.
40
1
GLOSSARY
Gas pipeline – pipeline to transport gas (especially natural gas) over long
distances.
Level indicator : in an LPG tank in bulk indicates, through a magnetic system,
the % filling.
Wobbe index : numerical value in relation to the PCS of a gas and its apparent
density. It allows gases to be classified into families and is related to their
interchangeability.
Automatic inverters : devices used in batteries with mobile LPG containers that
allow the entry of the reserve branch without cutting off the gas flow.
Manual inverters : devices used in batteries with mobile LPG containers that
allow the entry of the reserve branch, cutting off the passage of gas.
Isometric : simple expression of a gas installation carried out in isometric
perspective, in which its route and length of the sections are indicated
Flat gasket : cylindrical joint
O-ring : circular joint with circular section.
Hose : reinforced flexible tube to withstand high pressure whose ends are
provided with standardized nuts.
Pressure limiter : safety device placed behind the MPB pressure reducers or
automatic inverters that prevents, in the event of their failure, the pressure from
exceeding 1.7 BAR in domestic installations and 3 BAR in industrial installations.
Manometers : bellows or membrane devices, dry or with glycerin, that directly
measure gas pressure.
Fixed pressure reducer : device that maintains the downstream pressure in a
pipe constant, regardless of the flow rate and inlet pressure, within certain limits.
Adjustable pressure reducer : device that maintains the downstream pressure
in a pipe constant, regardless of the flow rate and inlet pressure, but has a
regulation screw that allows it to be adjusted within small limits (e.g.: 200–350
mm.ca).
Adjustable pressure reducer : device that maintains the downstream pressure
constant in a pipeline but, thanks to a lever that controls the antagonistic spring of
the pressure reducer, can vary the pressure between wide limits (e.g.: 0 to 3
BAR).
Multivalve : accessory for LPG tanks where the gas phase stopcock (use) and
the high filling point indicator are located.
Civil works : complementary work for the assembly of gas installations and
equipment (foundations, booths, wall passages...)
Pressure loss in a pipe : pressure drop in it, in absolute values or in %.
Isometric perspective – type of perspective that uses three axes at 120 °

without reduction in length.
40
2
GLOSSARY
Characteristics plate : on a receiver and on a regulation or cutting element, it

indicates its technical specifications, approval password and information from the
manufacturer or importer.
Pipeline plan : the one that indicates on floor plans or elevations the route of the
gas pipes.
Detail plan : develops specific points such as ventilation, connection of
receivers...
Lower heating value : total amount of heat generated by a unit volume of a gas
without taking into account the hypothetical heat of condensation of the water
vapor produced.
Higher heating value : total amount of heat generated by a unit volume of a gas,
taking into account the hypothetical heat of condensation of the water vapor
produced.
Thermal power : amount of heat burned per unit of time. It is expressed in KW or
Kcal/h.
Hydraulic pressure : achieved by means of a pump, it allows verifying, with
water, the conditions of mechanical resistance and non-deformability of a fixed
LPG tank
Pressurize : increase the pressure in an LPG tank (or a conduction) by means of
inert gas.
Technical Project : description and justification of the characteristics of a gas
installation carried out by a competent qualified technician.
Purge : eliminate air or inert gas in a tank or pipeline.
Staking out : action of marking on the ground, based on the corresponding plans,
the different parts of a gas installation that require it (pipes, foundations, booths,
wall passages...)
Conical thread : one that is not cylindrical but has a certain taper, which allows a
better adjustment of the threaded elements. In gas the NPT thread is used.
Symbols : set of graphs that represent the different components of a gas
installation and that are included in annex 1 to teaching unit 5.
Stem : accessory that allows the connection of a buried or embedded
polyethylene conduit with steel or copper pipe.
Ramp tee : intermediate accessory that allows connecting the hoses from mobile
LPG containers connected as a battery with the collector. Its ends are usually M
Vaporization temperature : it is the temperature at which a liquefied gas boils at
Knurled screw : screw machined so that it is easy to manipulate by hand.
Loading valve : in an LPG tank Bulk refers to the filler neck, where the hose
connects.
40
3
GLOSSARY
Shut-off valve : in gas technology they are those capable of rapid closing and
opening.
Exhaust valves : they relieve transient overpressures in a distribution network to
the atmosphere. They are also known as VAS (overpressure relief valves).
Interception valves : called VIS, they can act by minimum or maximum pressure,
cutting off the distribution line if the thresholds are exceeded.
Regulating valve : they are those capable of adjusting, within a limit, the gas flow
and pressure, with a smooth operation of several turns of the handwheel.
Outlet valve in liquid phase : in an LPG tank bulk, valve connected to the probe
tube through a check-lock type adapter.
Excess pressure safety valve : in an LPG tank in bulk, hydrostatic valve that
opens at the set pressure of 20 BAR in case of an abnormal rise in temperature
(fire...).
Check valve : allows gas to pass in only one direction.
Push-button valve : allows very low pressure gauges (ventometers) to be
coupled to the distribution network, so that communication with it is established
only while the valve is kept pressed.
Vaporizer : device that, by adding external heat from an electric resistance or a
heating boiler, makes liquid propane gas boil when its consumption is so high that
natural vaporization of the tank is not enough.
High filling point rod : threaded rod to the outlet multivalve of a fixed LPG tank
with a length such that it allows detecting that the liquid level in it is 85%.
Ventometer : manometer to measure very low pressures.
Specific volume : it is said to be the volume occupied by one kilogram of the gas,
under normal conditions, that is, at 0 ° C and atmospheric pressure.
40
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MODULE EIGHT FACILITIES

WATER AND GAS

10.3. Failures in receivers.....................................................374

• Know how to establish the different phases of the assembly of a gas

2.2. Booths to house propane gas containers

L = ( No. of bottles + 1) x 0.30 meters.

L = ( No. of bottles/2 + 1) x 0.30 meters.

2.3. Booths for accountants

and it is easier to place them in an ARM regulation and measurement cabinet

2.4. Foundations for fixed LPG tanks

2.5. Pressure reducers

LPG limiter 12 Kgs/h – 1.75 BAR T 20x150 and M 20x150 threads

2.9. Shut-off and regulation valves

Angle stopcock H 7/8” x M 7/8” PN5 for counter

2.10. Valves for fixed LPG tanks

2.11. Air inlets for ventilation

2.12. Burned gas outlet

3. PROCEDURES AND OPERATIONS

3.1. Civil work

3.2. Distribution network

Location of a general stopcock

4. SUPPLIES, TOOLS AND MEANS USED IN THE

4.2. Manual tools

4.3. Electro-portable tools

5.1. Copper pipes

Flat gasket accessory

5.2. steel pipes

5.3. polyethylene pipes

6. ASSEMBLY OF MACHINES AND EQUIPMENT.

6.2. Mobile LPG Container Batteries

Copper 10/12 T 20x150 Elbow ramp

Battery for 4+4 I-350 bottles in two rows

6.3. Fixed LPG tanks

Anchoring the tank to the foundation

Perform hydraulic test of mechanical resistance, magnetic level indicator. Both

Multivalve with high filling point indicator

or organization. We remember that they are typical of:

7.2. Implementing regulations

regulator and their layout is correct according to regulations, with deflectors to

• If the tank is buried, it has a cathodic protection system.

7.4. Pipe tightness tests

7.4.1. Natural gas

7.5. Commissioning of installations with batteries with

7.5.1. Leakage tests

7.6. Commissioning of facilities with fixed deposits

7.6.1. Mechanical resistance tests

7.6.2. Inerting of tanks

7.6.3. First filling

8. ASSEMBLY OF PROTECTION PANEL AND

8.2. Installations with explosion-proof enclosures

8.3. equipotential connections

• The houses for pumps and compressors.

9.1. Preventive Maintenance

9.2. Maintenance and repair manuals

9.3. Reviews in domestic receiving installations

9.4. Periodic reviews of packaging facilities

9.5. Periodic reviews of facilities with tanks

9.6. High power installations

10. TYPE OF FAULTS

10.1. Diagnosis and localization

10.2. Maintenance operations:

10.3. Failures in receivers

10.4. Pipeline breakdowns