NOTEBOOKNo. 3 Independent Communication in English CIIN 03 (1) .En - Es

Module pedagogical guide
Independent communication in
English
National College of Technical Vocational Education
CIIN-03 1/120
NOTEBOOK No. 3
MODULE INDEPENDENT COMMUNICATION IN ENGLISH

TIME FRAME: WEEK 5 (FROM OCTOBER 19 TO OCTOBER 23)
WEEK 6 (FROM OCTOBER 26 TO OCTOBER 30)
CLASS DAYS TUESDAY AND THURSDAY
ACTIVITIES ACTIVITY 12: The use of the modal verb can, could, may
and
Could
ACTIVITY 13: Expression of personal skills.
ACTIVITY 14: Discrimination of information about
personal skills
ACTIVITY 15: Use of modal verbs Should and
Ought
ACTIVITY 16: Expressing advice to solve problems
WORK PLATFORM Microsoft Teams
CIIN - 03 2 / 21
Practices / Activities
Student's name:
Learning unit: 1. Exchange of information in the present and the future
Learning unit: 1.3 Describe skills, possibilities and recommendations of the people in your environment, using modal verbs.
Activity number 12: The use of the modal verb can, could, may and might
Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs that cannot function as a main verb, unlike the auxiliary verbs be, do and have that can function as a main verb. Modal verbs express
modality, ability, possibility, necessity or other condition. They are auxiliary verbs of the future and conditional.
Verb tenses in English are not sufficient to express ideas of possibility or uncertainty. There is also no verbal tense like the subjunctive in Spanish. That is why modal
verbs are used. As complementary verbs, modal verbs do not work without another verb. This other verb always comes after the modal verb and is in the base form
(the infinitive without a). Modal verbs are not conjugated and do not have tense.
can
It is used to indicate ability or possibility. In these cases it can be translated as power in Spanish. For example:
• I can speak five languages

• It can be unpleasant to live with violent people
• Sending confidential information using public Wi-Fi can be dangerous because it can be stolen
Could
Could is Can's past. Indicates ability or possibility in the past. For example:
• You could have studied before the exam

• You could have visited the Palace of Fine Arts on vacation
• I couldn't discriminate against those people.
It is used to express possibilities in the future. For example:

CIIN - 03 3 / 21
• You could pass the test if you studied

• You could be a lecturer if you made an effort
• You could be a doctor if you studied
• You can arrive on time, if you check the car before leaving
It is used to ask permission or ask about possibilities in interrogative phrases, being more formal than doing it with can. For example:
• Could you pass the book please?

• Could you support me in my studies?
• Could you please send me your report?
Complete the following sentences with the modals can and could as appropriate
1. We _________________________ every day, to pass the exam

2. The class _________________________ be interesting, if you read in
3. Juan and Pedro _________________________ use the Chemistry laboratory
4. Carlos _________________________ competing in athletics when he was young
5. You __________________________ convince everyone when you debated
6. I think it will rain _________________________ tomorrow
7. I think __________________________ post later
8. I ________________________ avoid anxiety
May
It is used to indicate possibilities in the future. For example:
• It may be worse to go to the casino than to the library

• It may be more harmful to eat potatoes than broccoli
It is used to grant permissions or instructions. For example:
• You can leave if you want

• You can use your cell phones now
CIIN - 03 4 / 21
Used in interrogative sentences, I feel more educated than I can or could. For example:
• Could you give me a glass of water?

• Can I get closer to the microphone?
Could
Might is used to indicate possibilities in the present or the future. In these cases, it is synonymous with May. For example:
• I could go to Australia this summer

• I'd bring an umbrella, it might rain later
Complete the following sentences with the modals may and might, as appropriate
1. You ___________________ read your texts tomorrow

2. You ___________________ discuss the topic if you want
3. I ___________________ write about technology
4. I ___________________ discuss the topic
5. He ___________________ be in class, or he could be in the laboratory.
6. ___________________ it would be better to finish the essay now, instead of waiting until
tomorrow
CIIN - 03 5 / 21
Student's name:
Activity number 13: Expression of personal skills.
Ask about the skills you have and complete the box below. For example: do you know how to swim? Yes, I can... or No, I can't...
Classmate name:
can Hypocrisy
Play the guitar
Swim
Play soccer
cook
Chat
Post messages to your face
CIIN - 03 6 / 21
Swap pairs and ask your partner questions about the skills they have and complete the table.
Classmate name:
can Hypocrisy
Play the guitar
Swim
Play soccer
cook
Chat
Post messages to your face
Write sentences with the information your classmates gave you. For example: María cannot dance, Roberto and María can play the guitar.
Student's name:
CIIN - 03 7 / 21
Activity number 14: Discrimination of information about personal abilities.
Look at the table below with information about Maggi and Helen and complete the dialogue about what they can and cannot do.
Maggi Helena
Ski  x
ride a horse  
Sings  x
Tell good jokes x 
Do yoga x x
Play chess  x
Speaks Russian x 
cook x 
Use the can or not correctly according to the above table

CIIN - 03 8 / 21
Maggie __________________ skiing very easily in the snow.
Maggie ____________________ cooks but, she __________________ sings.
Maggie ____________________ does yoga in the morning.
Maggie _____________________ rides a horse but, she ___________________ tells good jokes .
Helen______________________ski but, she _____________ rides a horse.
Helen______________________ tells good jokes but, she _________ sings well.
Helen _____________________ speaks Russian and she _________ cooks delicious.
Helen _____________________ plays chess and she ______________does yoga.
CIIN - 03 9 / 21
Student's name:
Activity number 15: Use of the modal verbs Should and Should
It should indicate an obligation or recommendation. It reflects an opinion about what is right. It translates as conditional in Spanish. For example:
• You should visit the doctor once a month.

• You should read a book every day
Should is used in interrogative sentences to ask if there is an obligation or to ask for a recommendation. For example:
• Should we leave a tip?

• Should we register for the event?
• Should we study religion in class?
Ought
Should is synonymous with should, although it is less common. For example:
• They should propose a thesis

• They should avoid speaking without basis
• We must support sustainable projects
CIIN - 03 1 / 21
0
Write a recommendation to play sports, promote community participation and discuss in a debate using modal verbs
• You should do sports every day

• We must promote participation in the community
• They must argue their opinions during the debate.
You…
Us..
They…
CIIN - 03 11 / 21
Student's name:
Activity number 16: Expressing advice to solve problems
Read the following texts from people asking for advice.

Write suitable advice for each of them to solve their problems; remember to use Should or shouldn't.
Baby? Aid!
I am a 17 year old girl and my parents think I am a baby. They don't let me go
My girlfriend is pregnant, she doesn't know what to do and she told out at night and my boyfriend can't call me after 10 at night. I can't wear the
me that we should get married; I'm too young and I don't know what clothes I like because they tell me they're not “appropriate”; What I can do?
to do. Please give me some advice!
Desperate teenager!
Lost boy!
Dear lost boy. First, you should... Dear desperate teenager. First, you should...
CIIN - 03 12 / 21
REVIEW EXAM
WRITE THE CORRECT ANSWER, USE THE MODALS: CAN, CAN'T, CAN, SHOULD, COULD, SHOULD AND SHOULD NOT.
1. I________________ drive a bus now, but I _________ when I was sixteen.
A) can / can'tb) should / shouldn'tc) must / might d) can / could'nt
2. ____________ went out last night.
A) can'tb) shouldn'tc) mustn'td) couldn't.
3. She does not answer the phone. She ______ will be out
a) Can b) Should c) Should d) Could
4. They are _____________they are Spanish, they speak Portuguese.
a) Can'tb) Mustn'tc) shouldn'td) may not
5. ____________ has a job interview today; is waiting for news from the company.
6. Drive an expensive car. He has a good job.
CIIN - 03 13 / 21
7. It is too early to have finished the exam. He has finished.
8. Sara is very busy. She___________can't come tonight.
9. The government __________ helps people.
10. Children ____________ drink sugary drinks. It's not very healthy.
CIIN - 03 14 / 21
EVALUATION INSTRUMENT.
CRITERIA TO EVALUATE I ACHIEVED IT I DON'T ACHIEVE IT OBSERVATIONS
Describe or express skill with can and use the modal in a negative
way.
Express ability in the past with could and use the modal in a
negative way.
CIIN - 03 15 / 21
Expressing advice to solve problems using the structure and the

negative form should not
Express obligation, strong recommendation, deduction or need for

something with must and the negative form no must.
ANNEXES
I Can - I Can't - I Can't English Grammar Notes
1. https://www.grammar.cl/Basic/Can_Cannot.htm
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SeLYwHeOodM&feature=emb_title
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ROzhm8v-a_8&feature=emb_title
CIIN - 03 16 / 21
4.
5. https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/english-grammar-reference/can-and-could
6. https://www.grammar.cl/english/can-could.htm
CIIN - 03 17 / 21
7.
CIIN - 03 18 / 21
8. https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/english-grammar-reference/may-and-might
9. https://www.grammar.cl/english/may-might.htm
10. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O4TSydQuAiI&feature=emb_title
CIIN - 03 19 / 21
11.
12. https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-modal-should.htm
13. https://www.grammar.cl/english/should.htm
CIIN - 03 20 / 21
14. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aZhGNeeARSw&feature=emb_title
15.
CIIN - 03 21 / 21

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Module pedagogical guide

MODULE INDEPENDENT COMMUNICATION IN ENGLISH

Learning unit: 1. Exchange of information in the present and the future

• I can speak five languages

• You could have studied before the exam

It is used to express possibilities in the future. For example:

• You could pass the test if you studied

• Could you pass the book please?

1. We _________________________ every day, to pass the exam

It is used to indicate possibilities in the future. For example:

• It may be worse to go to the casino than to the library

It is used to grant permissions or instructions. For example:

• You can leave if you want

• Could you give me a glass of water?

• I could go to Australia this summer

1. You ___________________ read your texts tomorrow

Learning unit: 1. Exchange of information in the present and the future

Activity number 13: Expression of personal skills.

Learning unit: 1. Exchange of information in the present and the future

Activity number 14: Discrimination of information about personal abilities.

Use the can or not correctly according to the above table

Maggie __________________ skiing very easily in the snow.

Maggie ____________________ cooks but, she __________________ sings.

Maggie ____________________ does yoga in the morning.

Helen______________________ tells good jokes but, she _________ sings well.

Helen _____________________ speaks Russian and she _________ cooks delicious.

Helen _____________________ plays chess and she ______________does yoga.

Learning unit: 1. Exchange of information in the present and the future

• You should visit the doctor once a month.

• Should we leave a tip?

Should is synonymous with should, although it is less common. For example:

• They should propose a thesis

• You should do sports every day

Learning unit: 1. Exchange of information in the present and the future

Activity number 16: Expressing advice to solve problems

Read the following texts from people asking for advice.

1. I________________ drive a bus now, but I _________ when I was sixteen.

A) can / can'tb) should / shouldn'tc) must / might d) can / could'nt

2. ____________ went out last night.

A) can'tb) shouldn'tc) mustn'td) couldn't.

a) Can b) Should c) Should d) Could

4. They are _____________they are Spanish, they speak Portuguese.

a) Can'tb) Mustn'tc) shouldn'td) may not

a) Can b) Should c) Should d) Could

6. Drive an expensive car. He has a good job.

a) Can b) Should c) Should d) Could

7. It is too early to have finished the exam. He has finished.

a) Can'tb) Mustn'tc) shouldn'td) may not

8. Sara is very busy. She___________can't come tonight.

a) Can b) Should c) Should d) Could

9. The government __________ helps people.

a) Can b) Should c) Should d) Could

a) Can'tb) Mustn'tc) shouldn'td) may not

CRITERIA TO EVALUATE I ACHIEVED IT I DON'T ACHIEVE IT OBSERVATIONS

Expressing advice to solve problems using the structure and the

Express obligation, strong recommendation, deduction or need for

I Can - I Can't - I Can't English Grammar Notes

Maggie __ cooks but, she sings.

Helen______________ tells good jokes but, she _ sings well.

Helen _____________ speaks Russian and she _ cooks delicious.

Helen _______ plays chess and she does yoga.

1. I________ drive a bus now, but I _ when I was sixteen.