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    The document presents the historical context of Spain during the 19th century, a turbulent period that included the war of independence against France and the loss of Cuba and the Philippines. He explains that Realism was a European literary movement that emerged in the middle of the century as a reaction to Romanticism, with the aim of objectively portraying contemporary society. Finally, he points out that although Realism was mainly reflected in the social novel, romantic tendencies also persisted and other corporeals emerged.

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    The document presents the historical context of Spain during the 19th century, a turbulent period that included the war of independence against France and the loss of Cuba and the Philippines. He explains that Realism was a European literary movement that emerged in the middle of the century as a reaction to Romanticism, with the aim of objectively portraying contemporary society. Finally, he points out that although Realism was mainly reflected in the social novel, romantic tendencies also persisted and other corporeals emerged.

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    The document presents the historical context of Spain during the 19th century, a turbulent period that included the war of independence against France and the loss of Cuba and the Philippines. He explains that Realism was a European literary movement that emerged in the middle of the century as a reaction to Romanticism, with the aim of objectively portraying contemporary society. Finally, he points out that although Realism was mainly reflected in the social novel, romantic tendencies also persisted and other corporeals emerged.

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    Historical Context Literary Realism

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    The document presents the historical context of Spain during the 19th century, a turbulent period that included the war of independence against France and the loss of Cuba and the Philippines. He explains that Realism was a European literary movement that emerged in the middle of the century as a reaction to Romanticism, with the aim of objectively portraying contemporary society. Finally, he points out that although Realism was mainly reflected in the social novel, romantic tendencies also persisted and other corporeals emerged.

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    Historic context

    During the 19th century , Spain experienced one of the most turbulent periods in
    its history. The century opened with the War of Independence against France and closed
    with the Spanish-American War and the Disaster of '98, which meant the loss of Cuba
    in America and the Philippines in Asia . The Bourbon dynasty, after the reigns of
    Ferdinand VII ( 1814 - 1833 ) and Isabel II ( 1833 - 1868 ), was overthrown by the
    revolution of this last year, La Gloriosa . The regency of Serrano ( 1869 - 1870 ) and
    the brief reign of Amadeo of Savoy ( 1871 - 1873 ) followed. Then the short period of
    the First Republic ( 1873 - 1874 ) opened, which was followed by the Serrano Head of
    State ( 1874 ) and the Restoration of the Bourbon dynasty in the hands of Alfonso XII (
    1875 - 1885 ), son of Isabel II , after the pronouncement of Martínez Campos . Once the
    king died, his second wife, María Cristina, assumed the Regency until 1902 , the year in
    which her son Alfonso XIII began to reign.

    Spanish Realism literature is a literary movement that is part of Realism , a


    cultural movement that was promoted in Europe in the mid -19th century by
    undermining the tendencies of the romantic movement . It is a current from France that,
    around 1850 , developed germs already existing in Romanticism, especially
    costumbrismo. Romantic ideas would dissolve little by little and a reaction would begin
    against "art for art's sake"; The gaze of some was tired of the imaginative and
    picturesque, and sought to objectively observe people, society and contemporary
    actions. Its objective was to present a portrait of society. The main precursor was
    Honoré de Balzac ( 1799 - 1850 ) who, with works such as The Human Comedy ,
    imposed a moral and social purpose on the novel. This purpose, becoming almost
    exclusive, very soon led, in some authors, to Naturalism .

    The term "realist" was used for the first time in 1850 , referring to painting , but
    was later extended to the rest of the arts. In literature the novel was mainly reflected.
    Perhaps one of the reasons for the popular success of the novels is found in their
    publication in the newspapers of the time. The editors used the novel in installments to
    force the public to buy the newspaper daily. The attitude of the realist writer is
    analytical and critical, and he usually stays outside of what he tells. The main novels of
    the 19th century were social in nature, and the writers were considered "historians of the
    present."

    However, it should not be forgotten that romantic tendencies continued to


    survive or others developed that reacted against Realism.

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