AN H

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
AUTONOMOUS HONDURAS

PHYSICAL EDUCATION COURSE

FACULTY OF HUMANITIES AND ARTS

Professor: Hexel Torres

Subject: Artistic Gymnastics

Homework: Artistic Gymnastics Glossary of Apparatus

Student: Wendy Lorena Molina Acosta

Section and period: 12:00- I period of the year 2022

Date: February 1, 2022

 Artistic Gymnastics Glossary of Apparatus

1) Coupling: it is the ability to coordinate partial movements of the body with each other and in relation
to the total movement that is carried out to obtain a specific motor objective. Synchronized
swimming or rhythmic or artistic gymnastics may perhaps be the greatest exponents.
2) Body alignment: Correct posture, with the head, shoulders, ribs and pelvis aligned. The hips and
shoulders should be in the same plane.

3) Amplitude: Refers to the extension of both the body (height of jumps, extension of the legs and
upper part of the body, height on pointe) and that of devices (height of throws and extension in
swings).
4) Rings: According to García Carretero (2003) The rings are one of the disciplines or devices that make
up the artistic gymnastics circuit in men's competitions of this sport. It consists of performing
acrobatics on a 5.75-meter apparatus, from which two 18-centimeter rings hang, 2.57 meters from
the ground, separated by 50 centimeters.

5) Outside Grip: Rim - A grip with the hands at opposite points of the rim.

6) Bottom Grip: Hoop - Holding the hoop with one hand or two hands with the palms facing up or away
from the body.
7) Mixed Grip: Hoop - The hoop is held with one hand with an upper grip and the other with a lower
grip.

8) Superior Grip: Hoop - Holding the hoop with one or both hands with the palms facing down or
toward the body.

9) Airtrack: The air track can be used for warm-up and strength training sessions.

10) Bow: Body Position - An extended position with the upper body leaning back, forming an arch from
behind.
11) Acrobatic: it is a gymnastic discipline based on routines that must present turns, jumps and displays
of balance and flexibility.

12) Swing: It is moving back and forth suspended or as if suspended from above in a particular direction.

13) Fixed Bar: This device consists of a metal bar in which the boys combine turns in both directions
with loose hands at the moment in which the gymnast stops holding on to the bar with one or both
hands and gains speed.

14) Balance Beam: The balance beam or balance beam is one of the four devices or modalities that
make up women's artistic gymnastics. The apparatus is a small, narrow beam supported by two
metal bases and is an exercise only performed by gymnasts.

15) Uneven Bars: The uneven bars, also called asymmetric parallel bars, are one of the four devices that
make up women's artistic gymnastics competitions. They consist of two horizontal parallel bars
placed at different heights.

16) Parallel Bars: Parallel bars are one of the disciplines or devices that make up the artistic gymnastics
circuit in men's competitions of this sport. It is made up of two 350 cm long bars located 200 cm high
and separated between 42 and 52 cm.

17) Batida: The batida transforms the race into a jump. It begins with the support of the kicking foot on
the board and ends with the loss of that contact. The takeoff foot reaches the plant board. The
extension of the leading leg will be complete and coincides with the elevation of the bent free leg.

18) Biomechanics: Object of study and tasks of biomechanics Tasks of biomechanics in the athlete are:
Describe sports techniques, correct defects in sports technique, propose more efficient and effective
techniques.
19) Horse: The pommel horse, also called pommel horse, is an artistic gymnastics apparatus, used only
by male gymnasts.

20) Fall: Descent of a body due to its own weight.

21) Calleras: There are two calleras and they are placed in the hands. They are used in both men's and
women's artistic gymnastics. In the case of women's gymnastics,
 For example, calleras use them to protect their hands when doing asymmetrical movements.

22) Canaria: It is stretching the legs, first above the head and then like doing a handstand, an exercise
called sailing.

23) Physical Abilities: It is the ability to coordinate partial movements of the body with each other and
in relation to the total movement that is carried out to obtain a specific motor objective.
Synchronized swimming or rhythmic or artistic gymnastics may perhaps be the greatest exponents.

24) Coordinative Capacities: they are linked to the orderly arrangement of actions to meet an objective.
Orientation, balance, rhythm, adaptation, coupling or synchronization, reaction and differentiation
are part of this type of physical abilities.

25) Volitional Capacities: They are concrete manifestations of the will. The fundamental ones are
orientation towards a goal, perseverance and perseverance, decision, firmness, initiative,
independence, fortitude, and self-control.
26) Pike: Pike position: The body will be bent at the hips until the legs are joined to the chest, keeping
the legs straight and the knees rigid. It is normally done at the highest point of the jump. The position
of the arms will depend on the type of jump and the moment in which it is.

27) Open Carp: they are a vertical jump with take-off from feet together where the legs are raised open
and extended with an amplitude of 90º while the arms and trunk are extended over them. The
reception of the pike jumps is with both legs together and flexing them to cushion.

28) Cybistics: Part of gymnastics that teaches jumping.

29) Kinesitherapy: Therapy based on gymnastics and massage.

30) Christ: Figure that the gymnast uses in the ring exercises in which he remains straight with his arms
crossed.
31) Muscular Coordination: consists of improving the technique of one or several movements, using
the repetition of the motor act as effective training, which our nervous system will economize,
making it more precise and using less force each moment.

32) Straps: As their name indicates, these are small, very resistant latex bands that are used to perform
exercises for both the upper and lower parts of the body.

33) Cossack: It is in the category of body difficulties of rhythmic gymnastics and belongs to both the
balance family and the family of turns and jumps. It consists of positioning yourself on one leg,
squatting and with the other stretched forward, keeping one knee joined to the other.
34) Rope: The rope is the oldest rhythmic gymnastics device of all rhythmic gymnastics, it is made of
synthetic material, nylon, polyester, etc. At each end of the rope we must tie a knot, which we will
call the end of the rope and which will make it easier for the gymnast to grip.

35) Chasse: Double step.

36) Clavas:Execution: The gymnast uses the club to execute pinwheels, turns, throws and as many
asymmetrical figures as possible, combining them with the many figures used in gymnastics without
implements. Claves are especially appropriate for ambidextrous gymnasts.
37) Deductions: Competition - Deductions made by the jury at the end of the routine such as going out
of bounds, training, clothing or apparatus violations.

38) Movement: It is a movement that the gymnast executes or performs to move or travel the
extension of the hands-free mat.................................................... They allow us to travel through
space from one point to another through movements of some parts of the body or the entire body.

39) Dislocation: Dislocations (or dislocations) are joint injuries that tear the ends of bones out of
position. The cause is usually a fall or blow and sometimes a consequence of playing a contact sport.
40) Execution: This space is used to the maximum by the gymnast, who moves within the circle formed.
The execution of the hoop requires frequent changes of movement, and the main requirement is
good coordination of movements.

41) Horizontal Axis: An imaginary line from side to side around which the device rotates.

42) Vertical Axis: An imaginary line from top to bottom around which the gymnast or apparatus rotates.

43) Balance: Body Skill - A movement that requires the gymnast to remain motionless in one position. It
can be with flat or relevé feet.

44) Back bars: A set of parallel wooden bars fixed to a wall at different heights, used to perform
gymnastic exercises.

45) Extensor: Gymnastics device made up of rubber cables and used to develop muscles.

46) Flexibility: According to Palese (2016) Flexibility in Body Dexterity - A movement that requires
agility in the back, torso and/or legs.

47) Flexion: The action of bending the body or one of its limbs is known as flexion. It is, therefore, an
approximation movement between parts of the body through the action of the muscles.
48) Flip Flac: It is a gymnastic element in which, after a kick with both feet, a flip is performed with the
support of the hands on the ground, finishing the exercise standing.

49) Formation: Group - A drawing formed by the gymnasts located on the floor.

50) Strength: is the ability to generate tension in the face of resistance, whether static or in motion.
Strength training and exercises allow us to tone or develop muscle mass and this offers us multiple
advantages for our daily lives and for practicing sports.
51) Central Strength: The center of the body - The abdominal muscles that stabilize the torso and pelvis
allowing the gymnast to work with correct body alignment.

52) Maximum or Explosive Strength: According to Palese (2016) Maximum force, or maximum capacity
to produce tension that the muscle has when activated. Explosive strength, or maximum capacity to
increase tension depending on the time the muscle has to activate.

53) Endurance Strength: Endurance strength is nothing more than the ability to maintain force at a
constant level for the duration of an activity or sporting gesture.
54) Artistic Gymnastics: is a type of gymnastics that consists of performing a choreographic
composition, combining body movements simultaneously and at high speed. The characteristics of
this sport demand exceptional physical conditions from the gymnast.

55) Acrobatic
Gymnastics: It is a modality included in the International Gymnastics Federation (FIG)
where gymnasts work in groups and perform exercises that include dynamic and static acrobatic
movements combined with dance and accompanied by music. balance and dynamic elements.

56) Gymnast: Person who does gymnastics or gymnastic exercises.

57) Spin: Body Dexterity - A spin done on one foot.

58) Weightlifting: In weightlifting, a gymnastics instrument formed by two metal balls or discs joined by
a bar. Loading bar.
59) Kippe: it is a suspension movement that consists of a flight phase, a flexion of the legs over the
trunk and a retropulsion of the arms to establish facial support.

60) Magnesia: it is an increasingly popular option in gyms when training, as it absorbs sweat from our
hands, thus ensuring a better grip without fear of the bar slipping in our hands. It provides us with
freedom of movement and a secure grip.
61) Jersey: Tights or t-shirt.

62) Windmill: It is a movement in which the practitioner moves laterally in a straight line, keeping the
back straight and placing the hands on the ground to raise the legs above and land on them, similar
to spinning a wheel.

63) Monitor: The one who admonishes or warns.

64) Mortal: It is a test of acrobatic skill in which a person rotates around their midplane, moving their
feet above their head. The jump can be forward, backward or to the side.
65) Motivation: is showing the desire to achieve high performance and do what is necessary to achieve
it.
66) Mobility: It is the capacity for movement of a joint in a broader (maximum range of motion) and
dynamic sense. Ability to move a segment or part of the body within the widest possible arc of travel
while maintaining the integrity of the anatomical structures involved.

67) Olympic: An Olympic is a difficult exercise to perform, and it requires great control of the body and
all its muscles. The Olympic is a handstand that starts from the position of supported hands.
Continue with hip elevation until your trunk is vertical and looking down. And finish with raising your
legs until you reach a handstand.

68) Lever: Small lever.

69) Paloma: s the action of jumping by turning the body forward, until the support of hands to continue
turning until finishing standing.
70) Parallels: they are one of the disciplines or devices that make up the artistic gymnastics circuit in the
men's competitions of this sport. It is made up of two 350 cm long bars located 200 cm high and
separated between 42 and 52 cm.

71) Pica: Body position - In a sitting position, legs together and stretched.
72) Kicking Leg: The kicking leg, or impulse, which was previously flexed, extends quickly, while the free
leg remains flexed, and the movement of the arms produces a greater impulse. Once your hips have
passed, immediately extend your legs so they are not touching the bar.

73) Pilates: A cross-training method of physical maintenance that combines stretching exercises with
strengthening exercises. Pilates was developed by Joseph Pilates.

74) Pino Plancha: it is a handstand, in which you have to have both legs up and then let yourself fall on
your back.

75) Pommel Horse: Or the pommel horse, also called pommel horse, is an artistic gymnastics apparatus,
used only by male gymnasts.
76) Infernal Plank: s the one in which the arms are separated and placed in the Christ position.
Additionally, to get maximum points, the position must be held for several seconds.

77) Fold: Body position - Legs together and bent.

78) Practicable: That can be practiced or put into practice.

79) Hold: The way in which gymnasts hang on to the apparatus in suspension is called hold.
80) Presentation: Competition - Consists of raising one or both arms at the beginning and end of each
routine to greet the jury.

81) Posture: Body posture can be defined as the symmetrical and proportional alignment of the entire
body or a body segment, in relation to the axis of gravity. Posture can be considered in two ways,
static or dynamic.

82) Bridge: Body position - The gymnast adopts a bow position with her hands and feet on the floor,
raising her abdomen.
83) Reception: This is the way gymnasts reach the ground after completing an exercise. In English they
are a little more graphic and they call it "landing", which means "landing", as in airplanes.

84) Recovery: Receive the device with any part of the body other than the hands.

85) Rolling: Standing with your back to the mat, you bend your legs as if to sit on the mat, your hands
rest on the mat, you sit down and at the same time you begin to bend your back (arching it). ).

86) Round: It is a backward acrobatic accelerator. In most cases, gymnasts perform the round from a
run and a pre-jump. This acrobatic exercise starts forward and ends backward with a change in body
direction.
87) Jump: Dance - Elevation on two feet reaching the floor on both feet with the legs in a defined
position. (Examples: straight, grouped, carped).

88) Floor: The floor in gymnastics is both an apparatus (a piece of gymnastics equipment) and a main
event in men's and women's artistic gymnastics. Following the official Olympic order, floor is the final
main event in women's gymnastics, preceded by vault, the uneven bars and the balance beam.

89) Saint Peter: figure similar to that of Christ, but in the shape of an inverted cross.

90) Squat: Body position - Standing with the supporting leg bent and the other extended backwards, to
the side or in front.
91) Streamers: Ribbon - Small paths from side to side (horizontal) or up and down (vertical) that are
made with the wrist.

92) Spagat: Movement that, to be executed, requires a 180-degree opening of the legs.
93) Frontal Spagat: Body position - The legs are extended to the sides.

94)Tumbling: consists of performing chained acrobatics with the help of a surface composed of
wooden boards covered by long strips of a foam-like material that helps cushioning.

95) Tapestry: In gymnastics, hands-free or floor.

96) Tramlot: Movement performed on the pommel horse.

97)Trampoline: is a gymnastics sports discipline that consists of performing a series of exercises

performed on various elastic devices, where acrobatics is the main protagonist.

98) Trapeze Artist: Gymnastics or circus artist who performs exercises on the trapeze.

99)Scissors: There are two types of scissors in gymnastics. One of them is a choreographic jump that is
performed during floor exercises or on the balance beam. It looks a bit like the grand jeté, but
changing the legs in the air.

100) Twist: Movement executed on land.

101) Vela: This is a vertical pose, with the head and elbows on the ground,

hands holding the back at the level of the kidneys and legs straight. Gently bend your legs until you
bring your knees as close to your chest as possible.

102) Spagat Lunge: Body Position - On the floor or in the air during

a jump, a position with a lot of separation between the legs. It can be done with one leg in front and
one leg behind or on the side.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

V García Carretero, M. (2003). The rings, an apparatus of male artistic gymnastics (Doctoral dissertation,
Sciences).
V Palese, S. TO. (2016). Female artistic gymnastics: relationship between explosive strength and ankle
flexibility in the extension jump execution technique (Doctoral dissertation).
{ Grandson, A. M. d. PROPOSAL FOR THE TEACHING OF ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS IN THE HANDS-FREE
DEVICE.

V Torres, C. TO. F. R. Early stimulation in artistic gymnastics.

V Artistic gymnastics vocabulary - Artistic Gymnastics (artisticaparapadres.com)

V The Fixed Bar as an artistic gymnastics apparatus - Artistic Gymnastics (artisticaparapadres.com)

V https://www.definiciones-de.com/Definicion/Cat/178_0.php
{ https://verne.elpais.com/verne/2016/06/17/articulo/1466165834_737466.htm

• https://traumartistics.com/non-classe/diccionario-basico-de-gimnasia/