14 Chapter

ENVIRONMENTAL
CHEMISTRY

Trend
Analysis of NEET and AIIMS (Year 2010-2018)

4
Number of Questions

3 AIPMT/NEET

AIIMS
2

0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Year

Trend
Analysis of JEE Main and BITSAT (Year 2010-2018)

4
JEE Main
Number of Questions

3
BITSAT
2

0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Year

Chapter Utility Score (CUS)

Exam Weightage Important Concepts Difficulty Level CUS (Out of 10)
NEET 2 Ozone layer deplection,
AIIMS 3 air and water pollution 2/5 4.8
JEE Main 2
BITSAT 2
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ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 185
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Exercise 1 : Topic-wise MCQs

Topic 1: Environmental and Atmospheric Pollution (c) don't have wavelength specific character.
(d) show wavelength specific behaviour near the earth
1. The type of pollution caused by spraying of DDT is while far from earth these have wavelength
(a) air and soil (b) air and water independent behaviour.
(c) air (d) air, water and soil 11. The greenhouse effect is because of the
2. What is DDT among the following ? (a) presence of gases, which in general are strong infrared
(a) Greenhouse gas absorbers, in the atmosphere
(b) A fertilizer (b) presence of CO2 only in the atmosphere
(c) Biodegradable pollutant (c) pressure of O3 and CH4 in the atmosphere
(d) Non-biodegradable pollutant (d) N2O and chlorofluorohydrocarbons in the atmosphere
3. The region containing water vapour is 12. The greenhouse gas is
(a) thermosphere (b) stratosphere (a) CO2 (b) SO2
(c) troposphere (d) mesosphere (c) N2 (d) H2S
4. High concentration of which of the following in atmosphere 13. Which of the following strategy is not a correct approach
leads to stiffness of flower buds which eventually fall off to reduce global warming ?
from plants? (a) Reducing the green house gas emission by limiting
(a) NO2 (b) SO2 the use of fossil fuels
(c) CFC (d) Smog (b) Increase the vegetation cover particularly the forest
5. The substance which is not regarded as a pollutant? for photosynthetic utilization of CO2
(a) NO2 (b) CO2 (c) Minimizing the use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture
(c) O3 (d) Hydrocarbons for reducing N2O emission
6. Which of the following is/are the hazardous pollutant(s) (d) Increasing the use of air conditioners, refrigeration
present in automobile exhaust gases? unit and production of plastic foams and propellants
(i) N2 (ii) CO in aerosal spray cans
(iii) CH4 (iv) Oxides of nitrogen 14. The substance having the largest concentration in acid
(a) (ii) and (iii) (b) (i) and (ii) rain is
(c) (ii) and (iv) (d) (i) and (iii) (a) H2CO3 (b) HNO3
7. The gas emitted by supersonic jet planes that slowly (c) HCl (d) H2SO4
depletes the concentration of ozone layer is 15. Which of the following statements is incorrect ?
(a) CO (b) NO (a) Smoke particulates consist of solid or mixture of solid
(c) SO2 (d) O2 and liquid particles formed during combustion of
8. Carbon monoxide (CO) is harmful to man because organic matter.
(a) it forms carbolic acid (b) Herbicides and insecticides that miss their target and
(b) it generates excess CO2 travel through air form mists.
(c) it is carcinogenic (c) Organic solvents, metals and metallic oxides form
(d) it competes with O2 for haemoglobin fume particles
9. Increase in global temperature increases the incidence of (d) None of these
which of the following infectious disease(s) 16. Which of the following green house gas is released in paddy
(i) Sleeping sickness (ii) Yellow fever field ?
(iii) Malaria (iv) Dengue I. CFCs II. CH4
(a) (ii) only (b) (i) and (ii) III. SO2
(c) (iii) and (iv) (d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) (a) Only I (b) Only II
10. Green house gases (c) Only III (d) I and II
(a) allow shorter wavelength to enter earth's atmosphere 17. The main element of smog is
while doesn't allow longer wavelength to leave the (a) O3 and PAN (b) O3
earth's atmosphere. (c) PAN (d) PPN and PBN
(b) allow longer wavelength to enter earth atmosphere 18. Classical smog occurs in places of
while doesn't allow shorter wavelength to leave the (a) excess SO2 (b) low temperature
surface (c) high temperature (d) excess NH3
ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 187

19. The smog is essentially caused by the presence of (c) Ozone absorbs infrared radiation.
(a) oxides of sulphur and nitrogen (d) Oxides of nitrogen in the atmosphere can cause the
(b) O2 and N2 depletion of ozone layer.
(c) O2 and O3 29. Which of the following chemical, harmful to ozone, is
(d) O3 and N2 released by chlorofluoro carbon?
20. Photochemical smog formed in congested metropolitan cities (a) Sulphur dioxide (b) Fluorine
mainly consists of (c) Chlorine (d) Nitrogen dioxide
(a) ozone, peroxyacetyl nitrate and NOx 30. In Antarctica ozone depletion is due to the formation of
(b) smoke, peroxyacetyl nitrate and SO2 following compound
(c) hydrocarbons, SO2 and CO2 (a) acrolein (b) peroxyacetyl nitrate
(d) hydrocarbons, ozone and SOx (c) SO2 and SO3 (d) chlorine nitrate
21. In almost all Indian metropolitan cities like Delhi, the major 31. Ozone is an important constituent of stratosphere because it
atmospheric pollutant(s) is/are (a) Destroys bacteria which are harmful to human life
(a) suspended particulate matter (SPM) (b) Prevents the formation of smog over large cities
(b) oxides of sulphur (c) Removes poisonous gases of the atmosphere by
(c) carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide reacting with them
(d) oxides of nitrogen (d) Absorbs ultraviolet radiation which is harmful to
22. The non-viable particulate among the following is human life
(a) dust (b) bacteria 32. The gas(es) not responsible for ozone depletion :
(c) moulds (d) fungi (a) NO and freons (b) SO2
23. The pollutants which came directly in the air from sources (c) CO2 (d) Both (b) and (c)
are called primary pollutants. Primary pollutants are 33. Which of the following statement(s) is / are correct ?
sometimes converted into secondary pollutants. Which of (i) Sulphuric acid, nitric acid as well as ammonium salts
the following belongs to secondary air pollutants? are components of acid rain.
(a) CO (b) Hydrocarbon (ii) Formation of acid rain can be reduced by using less
(c) Peroxyacetyl nitrate (d) NO sulphur content fossil fuels for power plants and
24. Which of the following statements about photochemical industries.
smog is wrong? (iii) Catalytic converters must be used in cars to reduce
(a) It has high concentration of oxidising agents the harmful effect of exhaust.
(b) It has low concentration of oxidising agent (iv) Main component of catalytic converter is ceramic
(c) It can be controlled by controlling the release of NO2, honey comb coated with metals like – Au, Ag, Pt etc.
hydrocarbons ozone, etc. (a) (i), (ii) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(d) Plantation of some plants like pinus helps in controlling (c) (ii), (iii) and (iv) (d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
photochemical smog. 34. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct ?
25. The biggest particulate matter is (i) Classical smog is a mixture of smoke, fog and sulphur
(a) HNO3 droplets (b) Soot dioxide.
(c) H2SO4 droplets (d) Fly ash (ii) Classical smog is also called oxidising smog
26. The aromatic compounds present as particulates are (iii) Hydrocarbons, NO2 and PAN are components of
(a) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons photochemical smog.
(b) benzene (a) (i) and (iii) (b) (i) and (ii)
(c) toluene (c) (iii) only (d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(d) nitrobenzene 35. Match the columns
27. Which of the following can control the photochemical Column I Column II
smog ? (A) Acid rain (p) CHCl2 – CHF2
(A) Use of catalytic converters in automobiles. (B) Photochemical smog (q) CO
(B) Plantation of trees like pinus, pyrus, vitis etc. (C) Combination with (r) CO2
(C) Using less sulphur containing fossil fuels. haemoglobin
(a) A and C (b) B (D) Depletion of ozone (s) SO2
(c) A and B (d) A, B and C layer (t) Unsaturated
28. Identify the incorrect statement from the following : hydrocarbons
(a) Ozone absorbs the intense ultraviolet radiation of the (a) A – (r, s), B – (t, s), C – (q), D – (p)
sun. (b) A – (r), B – (s), C – (q), D – (p)
(b) Depletion of ozone layer is because of its chemical (c) A – (t,s), B – (s), C – (q), D – (r)
reactions with chlorofluoro alkanes. (d) A – (r), B – (t), C – (q), D – (p)
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36. Match the columns 43. In which of the following regions hydrogen and helium are
Column-I Column-II found ?
(A) Oxides of sulphur (p) Global warming (a) Stratosphere (b) Mesosphere
(B) Nitrogen dioxide (q) Damage to kidney (c) Exosphere (d) Troposphere
(C) Carbon dioxide (r) ‘Blue baby’ syndrome 44. Assertion : Uncatalysed oxidation of sulphur dioxide is a
(D) Nitrate in drinking (s) Respiratory diseases slow process.
water Reason : Particulate matter in polluted air catalyses the
oxidation of sulphur dioxide.
(E) Lead (t) Red haze in traffic and
(a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a
congested areas
correct explanation for assertion.
(a) A – (t), B – (p), C – (r), D – (s), E – (q) (b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is not a
(b) A – (s), B – (t), C – (p), D – (r), E – (q) correct explanation for assertion
(c) A – (s), B – (q), C – (p), D – (t), E – (r) (c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect
(d) A – (q), B – (s), C – (t), D – (r), E – (p) (d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct.
37. SO2 is one of the air pollutants. SO2 45. Which of the following is the major cause of global
(a) is a lung irritant warming?
(b) dissolves in water to form acid rain (a) re-radiation of U.V. rays by CO2 and H2O
(c) both (a) and (b) (b) re-radiation of I.R. rays by CO2 and H2O
(d) none of the above (c) re-radiation of I.R. rays by O2 and N2
38. Formation of London smog takes place in (d) re-radiation of U.V. rays by O2 and N2
(a) winter during day time 46. Assertion : Dinitrogen and dioxygen do not react with
(b) summer during day time each other at a normal temperature.
(c) summer during morning time Reason : At high altitudes dinitrogen combines with
(d) winter during morning time dioxygen to form oxides of nitrogen
39. Which of the following statements about polar stratosphere (a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a
correct explanation for assertion.
clouds (PSCs) is not correct?
(b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is not a
(a) PSCs do not react with chlorine nitrate and HCl
correct explanation for assertion
(b) Type I clouds are formed at about –77ºC and contain (c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect
solid HNO3 . 3H2O (d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct.
(c) Type II clouds are formed at about –85ºC and contain 47. The false statement among the followings :
some ice (a) The average residence time of NO is one month
(d) A tight whirlpool of wind called Polar Vortex is formed (b) Limestone acts as a sink for SOx
which surrounds Antarctica (c) SOx can be removed from flue gases by passing
40. Assertion : Photochemical smog is oxidising in nature. through a solution of citrate ions
Reason : Photochemical smog contains NO2 and O3, which (d) Ammonia acts as a sink for NOx
are formed during the sequence of reactions. 48. Assertion : Green house effect was observed in houses
(a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a used to grow plants and these are made of green glass.
correct explanation for assertion. Reason : Green house name has been given because glass
(b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is not a houses are made of green glass.
correct explanation for assertion (a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a
(c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect correct explanation for assertion.
(d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct. (b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is not a
correct explanation for assertion
41. The gas responsible for ozone depletion :
(c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect
(a) NO and freons (b) SO2
(d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct.
(c) CO2 (d) CO 49. Which of the following is/are formed when ozone reacts
42. Assertion : Ozone is destroyed by solar radiation in upper with the unburnt hydrocarbons in polluted air?
stratosphere. (i) Formaldehyde (ii) Acrolein
Reason : Thinning of the ozone layer allows excessive UV (iii) Peroxyacetyl nitrate (iv) Formic acid
radiations to reach the surface of earth. (a) (i) and (iv) (b) (ii) only
(a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a (c) (iii) only (d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
correct explanation for assertion.
(b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is not a Topic 2. Water Pollution
correct explanation for assertion 50. Minamata disease of Japan is due to pollution of
(c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect (a) Aresenic (b) Lead
(d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct. (c) Cynide (d) Mercury
ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 189

51. The high amount of E. coli in water is the indicator of (c) Clean water would have a BOD value of less than 5
(a) hardness of water ppm.
(b) industrial pollution (d) Oxides of sulphur, nitrogen and carbon are the most
(c) sewage pollution widespread air pollutant.
(d) presence of chlorine in water 62. Limit of BOD prescribed by Central pollution Control Board
52. A lake with an inflow of domestic sewage rich in organic for the discharge of industrial and municipal waste waters
waste may result in into natural surface waters, is
(a) drying of the lake very soon due to algal bloom (a) < 100 ppm (b) < 30 ppm
(b) an increase production of fish due to lot of nutrients (c) < 3.0 ppm (d) < 10 ppm
(c) death of fish due to lack of oxygen
63. Phosphate fertilizers when added to water leads to
(d) increased population of aquatic food web organisms
(a) increased growth of decomposers
53. Which of the following does not occur when the sewage is
(b) reduced algal growth
discharged into water ?
(c) increased algal growth
(a) Increase in O2
(b) Cyanophycean blooms occur (d) nutrient enrichment (eutrophication)
(c) Depletion of O2 layers 64. BOD of pond is connected with
(d) Eutrophication (a) microbes & organic matter
54. Which of the following metal is a water pollutant and causes (b) organic matter
sterility in human being (c) microbes
(a) As (b) Mn (d) none of these
(c) Mg (d) Hg 65. The maximum prescribed concentration of cadmium in
55. Assertion : Eutrophication shows increase in productivity drinking water in ppm is
in water. (a) 0.05 (b) 3
Reason : With increasing eutrophication, the diversity of (c) 2 (d) 0.005
the phytoplankton increases. 66. Eutrophication causes reduction in
(a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a (a) dissolved oxygen (b) nutrients
correct explanation for assertion. (c) dissolved salts (d) All of the above
(b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is not a 67. Which of the following statements are not correct?
correct explanation for assertion (i) F– ion concentration above 2 ppm causes brown
(c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect mottling in teeth.
(d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct. (ii) Excessive F– (over 10 ppm) causes harmful effect to
56. Sewage water is purified by bones and teeth.
(a) aquatic plants (b) microoganisms (iii) Excessive lead in drinking water causes disease
(c) light (d) fishes methemoglobinemia
57. Water is often treated with chlorine to (iv) Deficiency of sulphate in drinking water causes
(a) remove hardness
laxative effect.
(b) increase oxygen content
(c) kill germs (a) (ii) and (iv) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(d) remove suspended particles (c) (ii), (iii) and (iv) (d) (iii) and (iv)
58. Which causes death of fish in water bodies polluted by 68. Assertion : If BOD level of water in a reservoir is less than
sewage? 5 ppm it is highly polluted.
(a) Foul smell (b) Pathogens Reason : High biological oxygen demand means low activity
(c) Herbicides (d) Decrease in D.O. of bacteria in water.
59. B.O.D. test or biochemical oxygen demand test is made for (a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a
measuring correct explanation for assertion.
(a) air pollution (b) water pollution (b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is not a
(c) noise pollution (d) soil pollution
correct explanation for assertion
60. Brewery and sugar factory waste alters the quality of a water
body by increasing (c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect
(a) temperature (b) turbidity (d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct.
(c) pH (d) COD and BOD 69. Sewage mostly constitutes
61. Which one of the following statement is not true ? (a) Non-biodegradable pollutants
(a) pH of drinking water should be between 5.5 – 9.5. (b) Biodegradable pollutants
(b) Concentration of DO below 6 ppm is good for the (c) Effluents
growth of fish. (d) Air pollutants
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70. Assertion : The F – ions make the enamel on teeth much 80. Match the columns
harder. Column - I Column - II
Reason : F– ions converts hydroxyapatite (A) Concentration of (p) 6 ppm
[3(Ca(PO4)2 Ca(OH)2] into fluorapatite [3(Ca3(PO4)2. CaF2]. dissolved oxygen in
(a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a cold water
correct explanation for assertion. (B) Concentration of (q) 17 ppm
(b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is not a dissolved oxygen
correct explanation for assertion below which growth
(c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect of fish gets inhibited
(d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct. (C) BOD value of clean (r) 5 ppm
71. A dental disease characterised by mottling of teeth is due to water
presence of a certain chemical element in drinking water. (D) BOD value of (s) 10 ppm
Which is that element? polluted water.
(a) Boron (b) Chlorine (a) A – (s), B – (s), C – (q), D – (p)
(c) Fluorine (d) Mercury (b) A – (p), B – (q), C – (r), D – (s)
72. Frequent occurrence of water blooms in a lake indicates (c) A – (s), B – (p), C – (r), D – (q)
(a) nutrient deficiency (d) A – (p), B – (s), C – (q), D – (r)
(b) oxygen deficiency 81. Negative soil pollution is
(c) excessive nutrient availability (a) reduction in soil productivity due to erosion and over
(d) absence of herbivores in the lake use
73. Lichens do not like to grow in cities (b) reduction in soil productivity due to addition of
(a) because of absence of the right type of algae and fungi pesticides and industrial wastes
(b) because of lack of moisture (c) converting fertile land into barren land by dumping
(c) because of SO2 pollution ash, sludge and garbage
(d) because natural habitat is missing (d) None of the above
74. Which is known as ‘Third poison of environment’ and also 82. Assertion : Excessive use of chlorinated synthetic
creates ‘Blue baby syndrome’ pesticides causes soil and water pollution.
(a) Nitrate present in water Reason : Such pesticides are non-biodegradables.
(b) Phosphate and detergents found in water (a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a
(c) Cyanide correct explanation for assertion.
(d) Pesticides (b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is not a
correct explanation for assertion
Topic 3. Soil Pollution
(c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect
75. Chief source of soil and water pollution is (d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct.
(a) mining (b) agro industry 83. Thermal pollution affects mainly
(c) thermal power plant (d) All of the above (a) vegetation (b) aquatic creature
76. The quantity of DDT in food chain (c) rocks (d) air
(a) decreases (b) remains same 84. Which one of the following statements is correct ?
(c) increases (d) changes
(a) Extensive use of chemical fertilizers may lead to
77. The effect of polluted water on soil is, that
eutrophication of nearby water bodies
(a) it decreases fertility
(b) Both Azotobacter and Rhizobium fix atmospheric
(b) it contaminates ground water
nitrogen in root nodules of plants
(c) it renders soil acidic or basic
(d) all of the above (c) Cyanobacteria such as Anabaena and Nostoc are
78. Soil is polluted by important mobilizers of phosphates and potassium for
I. pesticides plant nutrition in soil
II. synthetic fertilizers (d) At present it is not possible to grow maize without
III. green manure chemical fertilizers
Choose the correct option. 85. Match the columns
(a) I and III (b) I and II Column I Column II
(c) II and III (d) I, II and III (A) Phosphate fertilisers (p) BOD level of water
79. Which of the following trophic level has least concentration in water increases
of toxins deposition ? (B) Methane in air (q) Acid rain
(a) Aquatic plant (b) Small fish (C) Synthetic detergents (r) Global warming
(c) Human being (d) Largest fish in water
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(D) Nitrogen oxides in air (s) Eutrophication (iii) Technology has now been developed to produce
(a) A – (p,s), B – (r), C – (p), D – (q) electricity from the garbage.
(b) A – (p), B – (s), C – (r), D – (q) (a) (ii) only (b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) A – (s), B – (r), C – (q), D – (p) (c) (iii) only (d) All of these
(d) A – (p), B – (q), C – (s), D – (r) 88. Green chemistry means such reactions which :
Topic 4. Industrial waste, strategies to control (a) produce colour during reactions
(b) reduce the use and production of hazardous chemicals
Environmental pollution, Green chemistry
(c) are related to the depletion of ozone layer
86. “Reducing potentially hazardous waste through smarter (d) study the reactions in plants
production”. 89. Use of which of the following solvent in dry cleaning will
This represents a great step forward for result in less harm to ground water?
(a) green revolution (b) green chemistry (a) Cl2C = CCl2 (b) Liquid CO2
(c) industrial revolution (d) green biotechnology (c) H2O2 (d) None of these
87. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true about 90. Synthesis of ethanal commercially from which of the
waste recycling? following reagent is the part of green chemistry?
(i) Clothes can be made from recycled plastic waste. (a) CH3 CH2OH (b) CH2 = CH2
(ii) Fuel that has high octane rating and contains no lead (c) HC º CH (d) All of these
can be obtained from plastic waste.

Exercise 2 : Exemplar & Past Year MCQs

NCERT Exemplar MCQs 6. Sewage containing organic waste should not be disposed
in water bodies because it causes major water pollution.
1. Which of the following gases in not a green house gas? Fishes in such a polluted water die because of
(a) CO (b) O3 (a) large number of mosquitoes
(c) CH4 (d) H2O vapour (b) increase in the amount of dissolved oxygen
2. Photochemical smog occurs in warm, dry and sunny climate. (c) decrease in the amount of dissolved oxygen in water
One of the following is not amongst the components of (d) clogging of gills by mud
photochemical smog, identify it. 7. Which of the following statements about photochemical
(a) NO2 smog is wrong?
(b) O3 (a) It has high concentration of oxidising agents
(c) SO2 (b) It has low concentration of oxidising agent
(d) Unsaturated hydrocarbon (c) It can be controlled by controlling the release of NO 2,
3. Which of the following statements is not true about classical hydrocarbons, ozone etc
smog? (d) Plantation of some plants like pinus helps in controlling
(a) Its main components are produced by the action of photochemical smog
sunlight on emissions of automobiles and factories 8. The gaseous envelope around the earth is known as
(b) Produced in cold and humid climate atmosphere. The lowest layer of this is extended upto 10 km
(c) It contains compounds of reducing nature from sea level, this layer is
(d) It contains smoke, fog and sulphur dioxide (a) stratosphere (b) troposphere
4. Biochemical Oxygen Demand, (BOD) is a measure of organic (c) mesosphere (d) hydrosphere
material present in water. BOD value less than 5 ppm 9. Dinitrogen and dioxygen are main constituents of air but
indicates a water sample to be these do not react with each other to form oxides of nitrogen
(a) rich in dissolved oxygen because ............... .
(b) poor in dissolved oxygen (a) the reaction is endothermic and requires very high
(c) highly polluted temperature
(d) not suitable for aquatic life (b) the reaction can be initiated only in presence of a
5. Which of the following statement(s) is/are wrong? catalyst
(a) Ozone is not responsible for green house effect (c) oxides of nitrogen are unstable
(b) Ozone can oxidise sulphur dioxide present in the (d) N2 and O2 are unreactive
atmosphere to sulphur trioxide 10. The pollutants which come directly in the air from sources
(c) Ozone hole is thinning of ozone layer present in stratosphere are called primary pollutants. Primary pollutants are
(d) Ozone is produced in upper stratosphere by the action sometimes converted into secondary pollutants. Which of
of UV rays on oxygen the following belongs to secondary air pollutants?
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(a) CO (b) Hydrocarbon 18. Assertion: Nitrogen and oxygen are the main components
(c) Peroxyacetyl nitrate (d) NO in the atmosphere but these do not react to form oxides of
11. Which of the following statements is correct? nitrogen. [JEE M 2015, S]
(a) Ozone hole is a hole formed in stratosphere from which Reason: The reaction between nitrogen and oxygen requires
ozone oozes out high temperature.
(b) Ozone hole is a hole formed in troposphere from which (a) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct
ozone oozes out (b) Both the assertion and reason are incorrect
(c) Ozone hole is thinning of ozone layer of stratosphere (c) Both assertion and reason are correct, and the reason
at some places is the correct explanation for the assertion
(d) Ozone hole means vanishing of ozone layer around (d) Both assertion and reason are correct, but the reason
the earth completely is not the correct explanation for the assertion
12. Which of the following practices will not come under green 19. The disease caused the high concentration of hydrocarbon
chemistry? pollutants in atmosphere is/are [BITSAT 2015, S]
(a) If possible, making use of soap made of vegetable oils
(a) silicosis (b) TB (c) cancer (d) asthma
instead of using synthetic detergents.
20. Which of the following pollutants is main product of
(b) Using H2O2 for bleaching purpose instead of using
automobiles exhaust? [BITSAT 2015, S]
chlorine based bleaching agents
(c) Using bicycles for travelling small distances instead (a) C O (b) CO2
of using petrol/ diesel based vehicles (c) NO (d) Hydrocarbons
(d) Using plastic cans for neatly storing substances 21. The irritant red haze in the traffic and congested places is
due to presence of which of the following ?
Past Year MCQs [AIIMS 2016, S]
13. Which of the following is not a common component of (i) Oxides of sulphur
Photochemical Smog? [AIPMT 2014, S] (ii) Oxides of nitrogen
(a) Ozone (b) Acrolein (iii) Carbon dioxide
(c) Peroxyacetyl nitrate (d) Chlorofluorocarbons (iv) Mists, smoke and dust
14. The secondary precursors of photochemical smog are (v) Smog
(a) SO2 and NO2 [AIIMS 2014, S] (a) (i), (iv) and (v) (b) (iii) only
(b) SO2 and hydrocarbons (c) (ii) only (d) (ii) and (v)
(c) NO2 and hydrocarbons
22. The concentration of fluoride, lead, nitrate and iron in a
(d) O3 and PAN
water sample from an underground lake was found to be
15. When rain is accompanied by a thunderstorm, the collected
1000 ppb, 40 ppb, 100 ppm and 0.2 ppm, respectively. This
rain water will have a pH value [BITSAT 2014, S]
water is unsuitable for drinking due to high concentration
(a) Slightly lower than that of rain water without
of : [JEE M 2016, S]
thunderstorm
(a) Nitrate (b) Iron (c) Fluoride (d) Lead
(b) Slightly higher than that when the thunderstorm is
not there 23. Which of the following is a sink for CO ? [NEET 2017, C]
(c) Uninfluenced by occurrence of thunderstorm (a) Microorganism present in the soil
(d) Which depends upon the amount of dust in air (b) Oceans
16. Identify the wrong statement in the following: (c) Plants
[BITSAT 2014, S] (d) Haemoglobin
(a) Chlorofluorocarbons are responsible for ozone layer 24. A water sample has ppm level concentration of following
depletion anions
(b) Greenhouse effect is responsible for global warming F– = 10; SO42– = 100; NO3– = 50
(c) Acid rain is mostly because of oxides of nitrogen and the anion/anions that make/makes the water sample
sulphur unsuitable for drinking is/are : [JEE M 2017, S]
(d) Ozone layer does not permit infrared radiation from the (a) only NO3– (b) both SO42– and NO3–
sun to reach the earth (c) only F– (d) only SO42–
17. Assertion : Suspended particulate matter (SPM) is an 25. Which of the following is not involved in the formation of
important pollutant released by diesel vehicles. photochemical smog? [BITSAT 2017, 2005, S]
Reason : Catalytic converters greatly reduce pollution (a) Hydrocarbon (b) NO
caused by automobiles. [AIIMS 2015, S]
(c) SO2 (d) O3
(a) If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
26. Which oxide of nitrogen is not a common pollutant
(b) If both the Assertion and Reason are incorrect.
introduced into the atmosphere both due to natural and
(c) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason
human activity? [NEET 2018, S]
is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(a) N2O5 (b) NO2 (c) NO (d) N2O
(d) If both Assertion and Reason are correct, but Reason
is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 193

27. The recommended concentration of fluoride ion in drinking 28. Identify the incorrect statement from the following :
water is up to 1ppm as fluoride ion is required to make teeth [BITSAT 2018, S]
enamel harder by converting [3Ca3(PO4)2. Ca(OH)2] to : (a) Ozone absorbs the intense ultraviolet radiation of the
[JEE M 2018, S] sun.
(a) [CaF2] (b) Depletion of ozone layer is because of its chemical
reactions with chlorofluoro alkanes.
(b) [3(CaF2).Ca(OH)2] (c) Ozone absorbs infrared radiation.
(c) [3Ca3(PO4)2.CaF2] (d) Oxides of nitrogen in the atmosphere can cause the
(d) [3{(Ca(OH)2}.CaF2] depletion of ozone layer.

Exercise 3 : Try If You Can

1. Recent reports of acid rains industrial cities are due to the 7. Minamata disease is a pollution related disease results from
effect of atmospheric pollution by: (a) oil spills into sea
(a) Excessive release of NO2 and SO2 by burning of fossil (b) accumulation of arsenic into atmosphere
fuels (c) release of industrial waste mercury into bodies water
(b) Excessive release of CO2 by burning of fuel like wood (d) release human organic waste into drinking water
and charcoal, cutting of forests and increased animal 8. Which of the following is/are formed when ozone reacts
population with the unburnt hydrocarbons in polluted air ?
(c) Excessive release of NH3 by industrial plants and coal (i) Formaldehyde (ii) Acrolein
gas (iii) Peroxyacetyl nitrate (iv) Formic acid
(d) Excessive release of CO in atmosphere by incomplete (a) (i) and (iv) (b) (ii) only
combustion of coke, charcoal and other carbonaceous (c) (iii) only (d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
fuels in paucity of oxygen 9. Addition of phosphate fertilisers to water bodies causes:
2. Which one of the following substances used in dry cleaning (a) increase in amount of dissolved oxygen in water
is a better strategy to control environmental pollution ? (b) deposition of calcium phosphate
(c) increase in fish population
(a) Sulphur dioxide (b) Carbon dioxide
(d) enhanced growth of algae
(c) Nitrogen dioxide (d) Tetrachloroethylene
10. Water sample is reported to be highly polluted if BOD
3. Green house gases can be arranged in ‘Global Warming
(Biological Oxygen Demand) value of sample becomes
Potential’ sequence as
(a) more than 17 ppm (b) equal to 10 ppm
(a) N2O > CFC > CH4 > CO2 (c) equal to 5 ppm (d) less than 5 ppm
(b) CFC > N2O > CH4 > CO2 11. What is the concentration of dissolved oxygen in cold
(c) CFC > CO2 > N2O > CH4 water ?
(d) CO2 > CFC > N2O > CH4 (a) 5 ppm (b) 10 ppm
4. In almost all Indian metropolitan cities like Delhi, the major (c) 200, 000 ppm (d) 100 ppm
atmospheric pollutant(s) is/are 12. BOD of pond is connected with
(a) suspended particulate matter (SPM) (a) Microbes & organic matter (b) Organic matter
(b) oxides of sulphur (c) Microbes (d) None of these
(c) carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide 13. Soil is polluted by
(d) oxides of nitrogen I. pesticides
5. In coming years, skin related disorders will be more common II. synthetic fertilizers
due to III. green manure
(a) pollutants in air (b) use of detergents Choose the correct option.
(c) water pollution (d) depletion of ozone layer (a) I and III (b) I and II
6. Which of the following statement is wrong? (c) II and III (d) I, II and III
(a) Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) are clouds formed 14. Which of the following trophic level has least concentration
over Antarctica of toxins deposition ?
(a) Aquatic plant (b) Small fish
(b) Acid rain dissolves heavy metals such as Cu, Pb, Hg
(c) Human being (d) Largest fish
and Al from soil, rocks and sediments.
(c) H2SO4 is major contributor to acid rain, HNO3 ranks 15. Most hazardous metal pollutant of automobile exhaust is
second and HCl third in this respect (a) Mercury (b) Tin
(d) Fishes grow as well in warm as in cold water (c) Cadmium (d) Lead
 EBD_7374
194 CHEMISTRY

ANSW ER KEYS
Exercise 1 : Topic-wise MCQs
1 (d) 10 (a) 19 (a) 28 (c) 37 (c) 46 (b) 55 (b) 64 (a) 73 (c) 82 (a)
2 (d) 11 (a) 20 (a) 29 (c) 38 (d) 47 (a) 56 (b) 65 (d) 74 (a) 83 (b)
3 (c) 12 (a) 21 (a) 30 (a) 39 (a) 48 (c) 57 (c) 66 (a) 75 (d) 84 (a)
4 (b) 13 (d) 22 (a) 31 (d) 40 (a) 49 (d) 58 (d) 67 (d) 76 (c) 85 (a)
5 (b) 14 (d) 23 (c) 32 (d) 41 (a) 50 (d) 59 (b) 68 (c) 77 (d) 86 (b)
6 (c) 15 (d) 24 (b) 33 (d) 42 (d) 51 (c) 60 (d) 69 (b) 78 (b) 87 (d)
7 (b) 16 (b) 25 (d) 34 (a) 43 (c) 52 (c) 61 (b) 70 (a) 79 (a) 88 (b)
8 (d) 17 (a) 26 (a) 35 (a) 44 (a) 53 (a) 62 (b) 71 (c) 80 (c) 89 (b)
9 (d) 18 (b) 27 (c) 36 (b) 45 (b) 54 (b) 63 (d) 72 (b) 81 (a) 90 (b)
Exercis e 2 : Exemplar & Pas t Year MCQs
1 (a) 4 (a) 7 (b) 10 (c) 13 (d) 16 (d) 19 (c) 22 (a) 25 (c) 28 (c)
2 (c) 5 (a) 8 (b) 11 (c) 14 (d) 17 (b) 20 (c) 23 (a) 26 (a)
3 (a) 6 (c) 9 (a) 12 (d) 15 (a) 18 (a) 21 (c) 24 (c) 27 (c)
Exercis e 3 : Try If You Can
1 (a) 3 (b) 5 (d) 7 (c) 9 (d) 11 (b) 13 (b) 15 (d)
2 (d) 4 (a) 6 (d) 8 (d) 10 (a) 12 (a) 14 (a)