424 {i MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS included in the analysis the rectangular element will become a parallelogram and the tangent to the deformed centre liné of the beam OU will make angle Bwith OV. This angle Bis known as shear angle. Due to shear force deformation takes place without the rotation of the face. If @is the slope dy due to bending, so net ce due to shear force is| @ -4) because 2 is the slope due to bending and shear. So o-¥=6 (shear angle) ax According to elastic equations p-0- = Qa x AB. at — — 1.7.6.1) dx KAG ae ie BM 76.2) dx EI oe From the above equations xu » a= Kac(o-) > a — ental (Fi i) = Fy Be py { 40 ¥ ages s(ts @ _ and M= af-n(@ a a spe Se X where G is the shear modulus and K shape factor of the cross- et Considering the forces in y-direction, we get Ve Garedyyoe 4 Q-(0+ Bar) -paZd ax ~CPadny av ox or Se 2 oy ~Bar=pat ax Lae=ag) 20 oY ax PAG a Using Eqn. (7.6.3) in the above equation, we get a ay) oy ~Kac| 2-29) _ 94 OY ( aa? | PA Ge 068) | Taking moments about point E, we have ax hee = er ee (m+ 2M ax)-m-(9+22 aa =e Sa ax ax MM te-Qar= ola =8 (Neglecting 22.40} we Qc AM © scanned with OKEN Scanner1 CONTINUOUS SYSTEMS | 425 2 IM Qae=p dx > do - Qt eye here J i it of i Occ where I is moment of inertia and p is density. Making use of Eqn. (7.6.3) in the above equation, we get ae oy) _ 7 28 E28. oa ac(o- 2 2). ote (7.65) We can eliminate @ from = (7.64) and (7.65) to obtain *y E) oy |, praty ects ast 7 “foil 1+ 4) oye (766 ‘ OI KG) Bar * KG art” 69 It is the general beam equation taking into account the effects of shear deformation and rotary inertia. Solved Examples wassoncsssm ample) Derive the frequency equation of longitudinal vibrations for a free-free beam with zero initial displacement. 4PTU, 2010) Solution. The general solution for longitudinal vibration can be written as u(x,t) =| (Asindeee Boos x} (Coin p+ Deos yt) where a=,/E/p and. p, = natural frequencies Boundary conditions (Gtrains zero at both ends) Applying the above two conditions, we . ou Pu Puy Pe sin. Bala — Bt ‘Csin p,t+ D “ 7 : Pa cos Fa Bax Prt + Docos pt) ou Pn a = A=—(Csin p, t+ Doos p,t) (2). 7g (Csi Pa Pat) © scanned with OKEN Scanner