4.

With reference to Motor Neuron Diseases (MNDs), consider the following

statements:

1. Motor Neuron Diseases primarily affect motor neurons, which are responsible
for controlling skeletal muscle activity.
2. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the least common type of MND.
3. The exact cause of MND is known and it is primarily a genetic disorder.
4. There is no cure for MNDs, but symptomatic and supportive treatments can help
maintain the quality of life for patients.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 4 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1, 3 and 4 only

(d) 1, 2 and 4 only

Answer: (a)
Explanation:

Statement 1 is correct: Motor Neuron Diseases primarily affect motor neurons,

which control skeletal muscle activity such as walking, breathing, speaking, and
swallowing.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most
common type of MND, not the least common.

Statement 3 is incorrect: The exact cause of MND is not known. It is believed to

be caused by a combination of environmental, lifestyle, and genetic factors. Most
cases develop without an obvious cause, although about 1 in 10 cases is inherited
due to a genetic mutation.

Statement 4 is correct: There is no cure for MNDs, but symptomatic and

supportive treatments can help patients be more comfortable and maintain their
quality of life.