Chinese publisher Sea-Sky Publishing House has released a book by the American

author Fredric Narcross on the subject of China.

The book, titled 'Bicycles', follows the life of a young man growing up in
America, who then moves to China to teach English. This is reportedly the first
book concerning China written by an American author to be published in China.

((Comments on this story may be sent to info@m2.com))

 MELBOURNE, Australia--(BUSINESS WIRE)--March 12, 2001--RealNames Corporation, the
extended naming services company, and Inter China Network Software Co., Ltd.
(ICNS), the leading Chinese Web Address provider in the People's Republic of China,
have signed a letter of intent to establish ICNS as the exclusive PRC Keyword
Registry and provider of Keyword Web addresses in China. ICNS, which has for the
last two years provided the PRC market with Keyword-like 100% Chinese language-
based Web Addressing services through their subsidiary 3721.com, will evolve its
business to focus primarily on the registration of RealNames Keyword Web Addresses,
which they expect to become the next generation global Internet addressing
standard.

ICNS is the vanguard of the Internet in the PRC with its services offered through
most Chinese portals and over 200 local ISPs. ICNS reaches 90 percent of the
country's Internet users who use its Chinese Web addresses four million times a
day. These numbers are expected to dramatically increase as ICNS begins licensing
Keywords and as Chinese becomes the number one Web language by 2007 (source: "The
Future: Will it Work?" Macleans Magazine, August 21, 2000.)

Chung-wen Chow, the CEO of ICNS said, "We look forward to negotiating a final
contract in the next few weeks to become the PRC Keyword Registry and begin
registering Keywords in China. The Keyword system allows us local control and
management of our namespace as well as early entry into a global partnership with
RealNames, which we believe is providing the world with the next standards-based
Internet naming and navigation system."

Keywords are an extension to the domain name system. Similar to domain name
resolutions being built on top of IP addresses, Keyword resolutions are the next
generation addressing layer built on top of domain names and URLs. Because they are
based on common names and don't contain the wwws, slashes and dot "something"
endings of URL addresses, Keywords are easier for people to remember and use. They
work across all languages, character sets, and Internet-enabled devices. Unlike
multilingual dot com names, which consist of Roman characters at the beginning and
end of an address (www and .com) with Chinese characters sandwiched between,
Keywords can be all in Chinese characters and without any punctuation.

As the independent manager of the Keyword Registry in the PRC, ICNS will be
responsible for building a Registrar channel to sell Keywords directly to
individuals and companies. The Keyword system will enable ICNS to retain local
control of the PRC namespace, managing its own unique language needs as well as
local government and regulatory issues, while developing new revenue streams.

"The success of 3721 and ICNS have already proven a huge market among Chinese
businesses for simple, Chinese language-based Web addresses," said Keith Teare,
founder and CEO of RealNames Corporation. "By licensing Keywords, they now have the
added benefits of becoming part of a worldwide system that is providing the next
Internet naming and navigation standard, and one that works across Internet-enabled
devices. We are delighted to be partnering with them in what is fast becoming one
of the most important markets in the world."

About ICNS and 3721.com

Inter China Network Software Co., Ltd. is an Internet software technology and
infrastructure services company. Its Chinese Web Address service enables people to
navigate the Internet more intuitively through natural language, including Chinese
characters. Inspired by a Chinese idiom phrase "no matter what, 3 by 7 is 21," the
company launched its website www.3721.com("http://www.3721.com/") in June 1999,
highlighting its goal as "No matter what, 3721 makes Internet browsing easy and
simple for Chinese people." 3721's vision is to shorten the distance between an
average person and the Internet by integrating the Internet with normal daily life.
To this end, 3721 is joining efforts with companies in other countries to enable
natural language navigation around the world.

About RealNames Corporation

RealNames Corporation is a global infrastructure provider of Keywords, a superior

Web naming and navigation platform that improves on the existing Domain Name
System. Keywords replace complicated URLs with simple names and brands and work in
the consumer's native language, making the Internet easier to use. The RealNames
Keyword system has been integrated into Microsoft's Internet Explorer browser and
is available for integration into the Openwave(TM) Mobile Access Gateway, as well
as in leading search and portal sites. Like domain names, RealNames Keywords are
available through a Registry/Registrar worldwide channel. Founded in 1996,
RealNames is based in Redwood City, Calif., with offices in New York City, London,
Hamburg, Tokyo and Seoul. For more information, please use Keyword: RealNames to
visit our Web site.

Note to Editors: RealNames, RealNames System, RealNames Service, Real Name Service
and RNS are either service marks or registered service marks of RealNames
Corporation.

CONTACT: RealNames Corporation Katie Greene, 650/486-5686 kgreene@realnames.com or

Alexander Ogilvy Public Relations Aoife Kimber, 415/923-1600
akimber@alexanderogilvy.com 07:30 EST MARCH 12, 2001

GUANGZHOU, China--(BUSINESS WIRE)--March 13, 2001--China Southern Airlines

(NYSE:ZNH) (HKSE:1055), the largest airline in The People's Republic of China,
carried 1.6 million passengers during the recently concluded Spring Festival --
more passengers carried than any Chinese airline during the same time period.
 During a 40-day period from Jan. 9 to Feb. 17, China Southern Airlines operated
14,145 flights, including more than 2,500 additional and charter flights. China
Southern Airlines also moved 40,500 tons of cargo, mail and luggage, an increase of
29.3% from the same period in year 2000.

China Southern Airlines dominated all other Chinese airlines during the same time
period -- carrying 1.6 million passengers, accounting for 22% of the total number
of passengers carried by all of the Chinese airlines.

"Without question, China Southern Airlines was the No. 1 airline during Spring
Festival 2001 period, safely carrying the lion's share of vacationers throughout
China and our various Southeast Asia and international destinations," said Li Kun,
vice president of China Southern Co. Ltd.

Ranked No. 1 in passengers carried in China for the past 22 years, China Southern
Airlines (www.cs-air.com/en("http://www.cs-air.com/en")) connects more than 80
cities around the globe.

Major business and vacation destinations served in China include Beijing, Chengdu,
Guangzhou, Guilin, Hong Kong, Kunming, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Wuhan, as well as
international service, including Amsterdam, Bangkok, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Kuala
Lumpur, Jakarta, Los Angeles, Melbourne, Osaka, Penang, Phnom Penh, Seoul,
Singapore and Sydney.

CONTACT: Ruffolo Communications Jeff Ruffolo, 949/706-6789 E-Mail:

RuffoloPR@aol.com 13:34 EST MARCH 13, 2001

NEWPORT BEACH, Calif., June 20 /PRNewswire/ -- The National Nutritional Foods

Association and Sanjiu Medical Pharmaceutical, Ltd., China's largest botanical and
pharmaceutical firm, today announced a historic partnership that will promote
quality assurance and facilitate trade in Asia's largest marketplace.

The government of the People's Republic of China has endorsed the NNFA- Sanjiu
plan to form a China-based membership organization. The new association will be
called NNFA-China and will draw members from the country's burgeoning nutritional
products industry. The U.S. Department of Commerce estimates the Chinese dietary
supplement market at $6.1 billion.

Earlier this year, NNFA, the oldest and largest trade association representing
retailers and suppliers of natural products, and Sanjiu signed a "memorandum of
understanding" agreeing to "support and encourage" the production, marketing and
consumption of nutritional foods, dietary supplements and natural products. The
agreement also endorses nutritional research, product label integrity, consumer
education and greater cooperation among natural product manufacturers and
distributors in the United States and China.

"We are extremely pleased that the Chinese government has come forward in support
of our efforts," said Zhao Xinxian, chairman of the board and president of the
Sanjiu Enterprise Group, the parent company of Sanjiu. "The combination of NNFA's
expertise in structuring and developing associations and Sanjiu's strong presence
in China will allow us to build the critical framework for a successful trade
organization."

In addition to NNFA's U.S. operation, the association was instrumental in

establishing an independent trade organization in Japan in 1999 called NNFA- Japan.
NNFA was also one of the founding organizations of the International Alliance of
Dietary Supplement/Food Associations in 1998.

"NNFA has long recognized that a strong international presence is beneficial for
our membership and the industry," said David Seckman, NNFA's executive director and
CEO. "We are committed to facilitating trade among nations and have a strong stake
in maintaining high standards for product quality domestically and
internationally."

Headquartered in Newport Beach, Calif., NNFA is the nation's largest and oldest
non-profit organization dedicated to promoting and advancing the natural products
industry. The organization is made up of nearly 4,000 retailers, manufacturers,
wholesalers and distributors of natural products, including foods, dietary
supplements, health and beauty aids. NNFA has eight regional offices throughout the
United States and is governed by a 22-member board of directors representing all
parts of the industry.

MAKE YOUR OPINION COUNT - Click Here

http://tbutton.prnewswire.com/prn/11690X57387247("http://tbutton.prnewswire.com/
prn/11690X57387247")

/CONTACT: Tracy Taylor, Director of Communications of the National Nutritional

Foods Association, 949-622-6272, ext. 245, or ttaylor@nnfa.org; or Jennifer Jacobs
of Edelman Public Relations, 202-326-1774, or Jennifer.Jacobs@edelman.com, for the
National Nutritional Foods Association/ 10:42 EDT

International
Chinese Walls; Is the WTO about to make China into a free-trade paradise? No.

So China's long march to enter the World Trade Organization is coming to a

fruitful close. The proud nation will enter the WTO and embrace globalization.
Barriers to imports will fall; foreign corporations will enjoy nondiscriminatory
treatment. At least that will be true at the national level. Out in the provinces,
where the cartwheel meets the road, there may be a different story.Under the WTO,
import duties on cars will fall drastically to 25%. But the new trade regimen will
be slow in breaking down many internal walls that fragment the Chinese market.
Provinces and municipalities have erected tariff and nontariff barriers to keep out
one another's autos. Shanghai, for instance, imposed huge "license fees" on
competing Citroen cars from Hubei province to protect the locally made Volkswagen
Santana, which monopolizes the taxi fleet. But of course: The Shanghai government
owns a stake in the VW joint venture.

Hubei retaliated by ordering all its government units to buy local.Many of the
nearly 500 breweries across the country--usually owned by local governments--are
protected from outside brews by dubious health requirements and arbitrary duties.
Seagram, now owned by Diageo, complains that its hard liquor suffers similar hang-
ups. Beijing seeks to promote a handful of strong national cigarette brands (a
sector not opened under WTO), but each province wrestles to preserve its
inefficient but tax-generating factory. The nascent trucking/logistics industry
faces irritating local barriers to developing long-haul routes. Some provinces and
municipalities make it so onerous for outside trucking firms to secure licenses
that shipments must be reloaded onto the next jurisdiction's trucks.Foreign
companies need to allocate far more of costs to shipping, handling and warehousing
than they do in other markets. Stephen Shaw, a Hong Kong-based McKinsey & Co.
director, says that supply-chain-related costs can be 30% to 40% of wholesale
prices in China, compared with 5% to 20% in the U.S. This is one important reason
that it is so difficult for foreign manufacturers to turn a profit in China."As
soon as you move across [provincial] borders in China there are barriers," grouses
Bryan Chan, Hong Kong-based managing director of TNT International Express, the big
Dutch-owned integrator, which operates a trucking fleet in China. "Logistics has a
provincial focus."China is no monolithic state. Far from it. On paper it is highly
centralized, but Beijing struggles to exercise power. "China is the land of 10,000
emperors," quips Shane Tedjarati, Deloitte Consulting's managing director for
Greater China. "Rules are spoken at the center, but by the time they get down to
the county and village level they're in the hands of the local emperors."The
problems of vast geography and poor infrastructure were compounded by post-1949
Maoist doctrine. No believer in the economic principle of comparative advantage,
the Great Helmsman preached provincial and local self-reliance. So each province or
city built its own steel mill, chemical plant, brewery and so forth. Tight state
control over distribution was aimed at maximum employment."Each province developed
its own self-contained industrial infrastructure," notes Paul Clifford, Beijing-
based consultant with Mercer Management Consulting. "There is huge duplication of
bureaucracy, manufacturing and distribution capacity. Trading between provinces was
limited." Since the 1980s, with the decline of central planning, economic authority
has devolved to local governments. In some ways decentralization has worsened
protectionism. Most state-owned enterprises are controlled by local governments.
Local authorities are obsessed--and gain Communist Party rank--on the basis of
local economic growth, employment, social stability and tax revenues. (Noteworthy:
Taxes historically have been captured where goods leave the factory, not where
they're sold).Right now, a license to manufacture in Shanghai means nothing when it
comes to selling in Guangzhou. Says Toby Marion, managing director of LCP Asia, a
logistics consultancy: "Every province is like a different country. Everyone wants
you to come to their door for approvals." Of course, foreign companies dream of
selling nationwide to 1.3 billion buyers. Under WTO, severe restrictions on foreign
companies' distribution rights should come down over the next several years.So
distribution is to be liberalized. But consider the lingering barriers to tapping
that vast, latent domestic market. Under economic reform, the government encouraged
export-oriented foreign investment in manufacturing and technology. "The logistics
infrastructure has been built around an export mind-set," comments Rubik (Rick)
Moradian, president of APL Logistics Asia. Roads lead from factories to ports; the
road and train networks aren't designed to work together.In the U.S. a vast amount
of cargo is efficiently transported by rail. In China the hugely overstaffed and
overloaded train system is still run by a bureaucratic state monopoly with little
notion of service or a market economy. Paul Man, general manager of APL Logistics
China, ranks China Rail's priorities this way: First is military, second is moving
strategic commodities like grain and coal, third is carrying passengers and last is
transporting commercial freight. Stopping pilferage is not a priority. Interbrew,
the big Belgian brewer, says it used to ship beer by rail from Guangzhou to
Beijing, but switched to truck. The railroads smashed bottles, refused to pay for
the damage and left Interbrew guessing when the shipments would arrive.Not that the
local protectionists keep their mitts off the trucks. "Trucking has a tremendously
bureaucratic and onerous registration process," says McKinsey's Shaw. "If you have
'out of state' plates, they may hang you up for days [at borders]." Recall that in
the heyday of Communism the government tightly controlled the movement of people
and vehicles between provinces. Border checkpoints are still ubiquitous.Some
provinces only allow trucks to haul goods one way; others levy steep--and sometimes
arbitrary--tolls on out-of-province trucks; some cities regulate operating hours
for visiting trucks; some jurisdictions simply protect local industry by refusing
to license outside trucks. TNT's Chan reports that truck drivers and tollgate
keepers often debate tolls. There's enormous scope for graft. Says an executive at
a foreign-owned hauler: "There are several people to take care of on a daily
basis."That mystical market of 1.3 billion remains tantalizing--just out of reach.

WORLD
China 's great leap into the WTO ; Beijing worked hard for admission, due
tomorrow. But joy mixes with worry for many Chinese .

Just down the street from Tiananmen Square, Beijing's largest bookshop has two
large shelves, marked "WTO" (World Trade Organization), next to the entrance.

Among the 48 titles on display are "WTO and the Travel Service Trade," "WTO: It's
Foundation, Direction, and China's Strategy," and "WTO: No Free Lunch." Sales are
brisk.

Wong Fan, a planner at a Beijing steel factory, already has read several volumes.
The steel industry has been in a slump, but Mr. Wong says WTO membership will allow
China to enter new markets in Asia and Africa. "I tell my children that everything
is changing now," he says, smiling. "They need to know how to compete."

Next to him stands the less enthusiastic Liu Bo Tan, a mid-level manager at a
private food-processing plant. At the moment, it corners a huge local market in
meat and dairy products. But Mr. Liu worries that once cheaper, higher-quality
foreign products become available under WTO rules, his customers will switch.

"People don't buy foreign products," he says. "They are more expensive. But now,
maybe they will."

The book browsers exemplify the mixture of ebullience and worry surrounding China's
approval for WTO membership, expected tomorrow at the group's meeting in Doha,
Qatar. The event, to be covered live on nationwide TV here, marks the fulfillment
of a 16-year dream.

Twenty years ago, China was a struggling country that issued food coupons for rice
and bread. Last year, it was the world's seventh- largest exporter of merchandise -
a country with more mobile phones than the US, where million- and billion-dollar
deals are signed every day for the production of everything from microchips, autos,
and TVs, to shoes and chewing gum.

Yet as many Chinese themselves recognize, WTO entry is no arrival in a promised

land. Rather, it is more akin to getting a map to reach one. Along the way,
factories will close, towns will dry up, and the already vast ranks of migrant
workers who sleep on dusty construction sites around urban areas will swell
further.
"The Chinese seem worried, and it is a very good sign that they seem worried," says
Nicholas Lardy, a Brookings Institution specialist on China and author of the
forthcoming book, "Integrating China into the Global Economy."

What China signed up for, he says, "is tougher than anyone else has tried to
accept. The pain is front-end loaded. In order to get in, the Chinese agreed to
open up wide, especially in agriculture."

In the first move of its kind, China has
agricultural tariffs - a risky move in a
where 50 million farmers are already out
allow foreign banks to operate under the
change that will allow foreign companies
trading rights and distribution.
agreed to suspend immediately all
country of some 800 million peasants, and
of work. And in five years, China will
same rules that govern domestic banks, a
to save millions of dollars on standard

Once China is a formal WTO member - 30 days after it ratifies the articles of
admission - this country of 1.3 billion is poised to do two things: First, to
significantly improve its already burgeoning export-market position in the global
economy, especially in Asia.

"This is a sign of China's commitment to the world economy, and to a different and
better future," says Justin Yifu Lin, director of the China Center for Economic
Research in Beijing.

Second, by accepting WTO rules, Communist Party elites plan to use its fair-trade
standards to force changes and reforms they could not accomplish on their own -
taking on a system of patronage and corruption that some skeptics predict will
stymie, if not derail, the nation's adjustment to WTO rules.

"Local protectionism is one of the worst features of the Chinese economic

landscape," says Patrick Powers, director of the US-China Business Council in
Beijing. "The government is hoping that WTO will take down some of the concentrated
local powers."

As one source put it, "This isn't corruption by individuals. The corruption runs
through the entire political-business connection."

Under WTO rules known as "uniform administration," there can be no special laws,
licenses, payoffs, or deals that hamper trade and business.

"This is more about putting in a professional, managerial culture at the higher

levels in China," says Mr. Powers. "There may be some trouble in the first six to
12 months, but the clout for reform is there. It comes from the top. The message
from Beijing is, 'If you don't want to reform, you will be thrown out.'"

In the larger picture, the WTO itself - whose last acrimonious meeting, in Seattle,
broke up during violent antiglobalization demonstrations, and whose current meeting
comes amid a global economic slump and the US-led war on terrorism - must agree to
a solid new set of trade rounds, experts say. Without a clear set of agreements for
the future - including fairer methods for deals between developed and developing
countries - the psychological glue that holds the group together could melt.

In advance of the global gathering, at a Southeast Asian economic summit in Brunei

this week, Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji, considered the architect of China's reforms,
painted a picture of the world's largest free-trade zone - in Asia. China and 10
Association of Southeast Asian state members agreed Monday to link their economies
within a decade, forming a market of 2 billion people.

China is dealing from a position of strength, even in a region dependent on a

robust US economy. Chip giant Intel signed a $300 million deal for a factory here
on Sept. 21. Motorola this week agreed to spend $6.6 billion over the next five
years in China. Even Morris Chang, owner of Taiwan's largest semiconductor firm and
long an opponent of investing in the mainland, this fall agreed to spend $1.2
billion on a Shanghai plant. (Taiwan, which Beijing considers a renegade province,
is due to join the WTO the day after China does.) (c) Copyright 2001. The Christian
Science Monitor

Tokyo (Platts)-30Aug2001/1220 am EDT/420 GMT China has achieved a gross domestic

product of Yuan 4.29 trillion ($519-bil) in the first half of this year, an
increase of 7.9% over the same period last year, the official People's Daily
reported Thursday, quoting the State Development Planning Commission. "The national
economy has sustained relatively rapid growth at a time when the global economy is
deteriorating," SDPC said.

A within-continent content analysis: Meanings of money in Chinese and Japanese

proverbs

In recent years there has been a rekindling of interest in humanistic studies of

the meanings of money around the world. This article tests the extent to which
Chinese and Japanese proverbs reflect and distinguish the meanings of money in
those two great cultures.

SYMPOSIUM
Q: Would a modernized Chinese military threaten the United States? Yes: China
's new weapons growth could be deflected by a U.S. military buildup in Asia.

As a battered American surveillance plane is being stripped on a Chinese runway,

its American crew being held hostage for further American concessions, it is time
we abandoned the pretense of normal relations with China. Despite the claims of the
pro-business types that democracy follows markets, China remains today a one-party
dictatorship and home to one of the worst human-rights records worldwide. How
should we deal with it?

Throughout the seventies and eighties, China untiringly accused the Soviet Union
of having hegemonic ambitions. To counter Soviet hegemony, it sought an alliance of
convenience with the United States, an ideological foe that it viewed - and
continues to view - as a power in decline.

This pseudo alliance - never formalized - lasted from the early seventies to the
late eighties, when it suddenly received three death blows. The first and most
serious was the sudden implosion of the Soviet Union, which robbed the pseudo
allies of a common foe and knocked the principal strategic prop out from under the
U.S.-China relationship. The second was the Tiananmen Square demonstrations for
democracy that, ending in a bloody debacle, highlighted for China's leaders the
dangers of uncritically exposing Chinese youth to the appeal of American democratic
ideals. The third was the United States' virtually bloodless victory in the Gulf
War, which underlined the unmatched global reach of the U.S. military, as well as
its technological superiority over other countries.

When the Soviet Union collapsed, Americans reacted with euphoria and expected
their China card to do the same. But the steely-eyed heirs of a 2,000-year
tradition of hegemony had a far less sanguine view of the new world situation. To
the surprise and consternation of many China hands, Deng Xiaoping not only
dissolved his country's de facto alliance with the United States, but went even
further, declaring in September 1991 that a new Cold War between China and the sole
remaining superpower would now ensue.

Just as China would not accept - indeed, was moved by its own sense of greatness
to challenge what it called "Soviet hegemony" - so it has refused to accept the
United States as the world's leading power and has been moved by that same innate
pride to challenge it. And it has been ever less coy about these intentions. The
United States is now the enemy of choice in war games conducted by the People's
Liberation Army (PLA), which targets its missiles at U.S. cities. The state-
controlled press is increasingly strident in its denunciations of the United
States, which has been called everything from a "dangerous enemy" to a "superpower
bully." We constantly are accused of - you guessed it - "seeking hegemony."

In fact, this endlessly repeated accusation is a political form of projection, for

China's elite clearly covet for China itself the title of "Hegemon." An
unwillingness to concede dominance to any foreign power is deeply rooted in both
China's imperial past as the dominant power of Asia and in the certainty of the
Chinese that they are culturally superior to other peoples. In the old and enduring
Chinese view of the world, chaos and disorder can only be avoided by organizing
vassal and tributary states around a single dominant axis of power. And if there is
to be a Hegemon, Chinese history and culture combine to say, then it should be
China.

Chinese leadership apparently is prone to wild fears of American omnipotence - we

are said to have engineered the collapse of the Soviet Union by strategic deception
- and the same leadership is consumed by a deep-seated desire to replace us as the
presumed Hegemon. That we have a more modest view of our role in the world - a mere
superpower is something less than an all-powerful Hegemon - is discounted by
Chinese calculations.

The current president, Jiang Zemin, shares these exaggerated fears of American
power, warning his Communist colleagues in August 1995 that "Western hostile forces
[aka the United States] have not for a moment abandoned their plot to Westernize
and divide our country."

There is more at work here than merely irritation over Radio Free Asia Broadcasts
and the continued separation of Taiwan. Here are echoes of the kind of rampant
xenophobia and vaunting ambition that leads not only to aggressive rhetoric but to
aggressive actions.
 Given the desire of the Chinese leadership to replace us as the reigning Hegemon,
we shouldn't be surprised that General Chi Haotian, the vice chairman of the
Communist Party's Central Military Commission, speaks matter-of-factly about a
coming conflict between our two countries. "Viewed from the changes in the world
situation and the hegemonic strategy of the United States to create monopolarity,"
General Chi famously said in December 1999, "war [between China and the U.S.] is
inevitable."

What are we to do?

PLA generals were initially stunned by the U.S. victory in the Gulf War. In the
mocking words of one Chinese analyst, "People turned pale at the mere mention of
U.S. military strength." In a peculiar turnabout, the years since have seen a
concerted effort by Chinese analysts to debunk America's strengths and elaborate on
its "weaknesses." We are said to have been "defeated" in Vietnam and Korea and to
have played only a secondary role in winning World War II (in their revisionist
view Russia and China were the principal victors). Our military capabilities are
said to be in decline, and we have only "a 30 percent chance" of winning a war in
Asia. Chinese strategists apparently believe, according to Michael Pillsbury, that
"Saddam Hussein could have exploited [U.S. operational weaknesses] in order to
defeat the United States [in the Gulf War] if he had used Chinese-style strategy."

No theory has been more eagerly embraced by Chinese strategists than that of Yale
academic Paul Kennedy, who argued that America was suffering from "imperial
overstretch" and must reduce its international commitments lest it spend itself
into bankruptcy. Chinese strategists, encouraged by their political masters, now
argue that the United States resembles a failing Chinese dynasty and will be
compelled in the years to come to withdraw from Asia and abandon its bases in the
region. Without forward bases, America's fundamental weaknesses in logistics will
be revealed - namely, that we must cross the Atlantic or Pacific Oceans and go to
Europe or Asia to engage in combat and that we lack sufficient transport capacity
to do so.

Communist China has convinced itself that it can get hegemony on the cheap. By
enlarging its missile force just enough to neutralize our strategic advantage and
by modernizing its conventional forces sufficiently to overpower its smaller
neighbors, China's leaders believe that it effortlessly can enlarge its sphere of
influence as America retreats.

Former president Ronald Reagan met the challenge of Soviet power directly through
an arms buildup and a policy of confronting Soviet aggression wherever it occurred.
History has demonstrated the success of this policy, which the United States should
adopt in Asia. The best antidote to the dangerous misperceptions of American
decline held by the Chinese leadership is a carefully calculated military buildup
of naval and air force elements in Asia, the construction of a national and
regional missile-defense system, and the arming of Taiwan.

In March, we launched the USS Reagan, a 90,000-ton, Nimitz-class carrier, CVA-76.

Her maiden voyage should be to the Western Pacific to show the flag and our staying
power in Asia.

A second carrier task force on patrol in the East China sea, along with an
additional air wing or two deployed in hardened bunkers in Japan, would force the
Chinese elite to rethink their facile assumptions about increasing U.S. military
weakness. Also key is some increase in our air- and sea-lift capacity, so that
additional assets could quickly be deployed to the Asian theater in the event of
hostilities over, say, Taiwan.
 To defend against China's growing arsenal of ballistic missiles, the United States
should deploy first an Asian, and then a national, missile-defense system. The
protective umbrella of the Asian regional missile-defense system should extend over
Japan, Korea and other U.S. allies in the region, including Taiwan. Guarding the
Taiwanese from ballistic-missile attack by China is especially critical given the
rapid and ongoing buildup of medium-range ballistic missiles along the Fujian coast
opposite Taiwan. The anticipated sale of four Aegis- class ships to Taiwan would be
another step in the right direction.

Even more important, the American people must be protected against a ballistic-
missile attack from China. In August 1999, China test- fired its first DF-31, a
long-range ballistic missile capable of hitting the western United States. A
national missile-defense system capable of defending U.S. cities against this new
generation of Chinese missiles must be built and deployed as soon as
technologically feasible. Once such a system is in place, China no longer will be
able to blackmail us with nuclear weapons.

We should also strengthen Taiwan's military in other ways. Current restrictions on

arms sales to Taiwan should be lifted and the island provided with other key
weapons systems, including more advanced fighters. The ban on high-level military
exchanges between our two countries should be ended, enabling planning on the
defense of Taiwan to go forward.

Only a firm U.S. commitment to the defense of Taiwan and decisive U.S. action in
case of aggression can forestall a military invasion by Beijing in the years to
come. "I do not believe in a peaceful transition," Chairman Mao told Henry
Kissinger in 1973, referring to the recovery of Taiwan. Neither do his successors.

Mosher is president of The Population Research Institute in Front Royal, Va., and
the author of Hegemon, China's Plan to Dominate Asia and the World.

Property Rights and Economic Reform in China

Adelman reviews "Property Rights and Economic Reform in China" edited by Jean C.
Oi and Andrew Walder.

China eliminates some curbs to selling $170 billion in nonperforming state assets

China has cut away some restrictions on the sale of state assets to foreign
investors in preparation to auction off a tranche of nonperforming loans, as it
tries to liquidate at least part of the $170 billion in bad debt that has been
transferred from the books of state-owned banks to specialize asset management
companies.
 China is set to gain entrance into the World Trade Organization (WTO), with formal
acceptance of the country's membership expected at the WTO meeting in Nov 2001 in
Qatar. China's WTO membership is expected to boost the domestic agrochemical
market's exports. However, the number of crop protection companies is expected to
decline from 4,000-5000 currently to less than 1000 as agrochemical imports rise.

PHILADELPHIA -- Offshore sales of shredded scrap soared to the highest one-month

total in more than three years in February, spurred largely by a record tonnage
sold to China.

FULL TEXT

WASHINGTON -- There will be no duty margins imposed anytime soon on imports of

blast furnace coke from China and Japan, following a U.S. International Trade
Commission determination Friday that favored importers and was likely quietly
welcomed by U.S. steel producers dependent on overseas coke.

FULL TEXT

Tokyo (Platts)-5Sep2001/1123 pm EDT/323 GMT Due in large part to the reduction in

butane supply from the floating storage, domestic wholesale prices in the southern
China area surged by Yuan 100/mt($12.5/mt) to Yuan 2,750/mt ex-terminal by
Wednesday, market sources said. Most end-users in Huizhou have rushed to buy LPG
mix from other neighboring terminals in Shenzhen or Zhuhai, as their requirements
are mostly for butane-rich cargoes, a market source explained.

BEIJING, Dec 18, 2001 (Xinhua via COMTEX) - The General Administration of Customs
says it has discovered a shipload of smuggled car parts.

On December 10, the Jiangmen Customs in Guangdong province searched a ship and
found it contained car parts.

The crew of the ship confessed to attempting to smuggle the goods, which cost over
two million yuan, and came from Hong Kong. The eight suspects were detained for
their involvment in smuggling.

This is the third case of smuggling Jiangmen Customs has uncovered this month.

Copyright 2001 XINHUA NEWS AGENCY

Hong Kong (Platts)-2Aug2001/422 am EDT/822 GMT Chinese ferromoly trade was subdued
this week, eyeing the effect of the European Commission's proposed anti-dumping
duties on the metal, Asian traders said Thursday. "European buyers are not
considering the Chinese ferromoly for the moment. It is expected that anti-dumping
duties will be imposed soon and will pressure up the prices," a Hong Kong trader
said. The trader added that buyers tend to consume molyoxide and concentrates for
processing instead of buying the ferromoly. A Singapore trader agreed: "Buyers
would rather wait as antidumping duties are expected to be imposed soon." A Korean
trader said: "I haven't done any deals for the week. It is expected that buyers
will shift to moly oxide if prices of ferromoly rise." Chinese ferromoly prices
were heard at $6.3-6.35/kg CIF Korea.
 KAI RYSSDAL, anchor: First stock markets, now mutual funds. Chinese investors
yesterday had their first chance to buy into a Western-style fund, and did so in
droves. It took just hours for the high-tech-focused Innovation Fund to sell out
its initial $363 million offering.

WTO Rules Thailand Innocent of Dumping Allegations Filed by Chinese

Thailand has won a dumping case in which China alleged that its polystyrene
producers had been harmed by imports of Thai products sold below cost.

The case before the World Trade Organisation was the first involving China since
it joined the WTO in November.

However, there were signs that Beijing would continue to raise dumping allegations
to deter certain imports, and Thai companies should be aware of the issue, said a
lawyer who worked on Thailand's case.

The announcement on Dec 6 that China had terminated an investigation against

companies from Thailand, Japan and Korea was considered a watershed for Thailand
after an 11-month fight to defend its position, said Apisit John Sutham of
PricewaterhouseCoopers Legal & Tax Consultants Ltd.

Chinese polystyrene producers had complained to their country's Ministry of

Foreign Trade and Economic Co-operation that 580,000 tons of imported polystyrene
from the three countries had been dumped on the local market each year from 1998 to
2000.

During those years, Thai polystyrene makers exported about 200,000 tons a year to
Hong Kong and China, considered high-potential markets for absorbing excess supply
amid weak domestic demand. The exports earned US$150 million in 2000.

Polystyrene is a downstream petrochemical product used as a raw material in the

production of television sets, computers and other finished goods.

Mr Apisith said that although the trend during the period did not clearly show the
increase, the market share of imported products was rising.
 Individual dumping investigations targeted six Thai companies including Thai ABS,
a subsidiary of Thai Petrochemical Industry Plc; and Siam Polystyrene, a joint
venture between Dow Chemical and Siam Cement.

Thailand said that 95 percent of the imported polystyrene was used in finished
products for re-export, and therefore the imports should not have caused damage to
Chinese enterprises.

Dumping margins had been calculated between 10 percent and 40 percent , but the
case was terminated because the three countries were able to prove that Chinese
producers suffered no damage, Mr Apisith said.

An executive at Thai ABS, who asked not to be named, said the company was ready to
resume shipping its acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) to China without any
concern about compensation under the anti-dumping law.

He said the prices of products shipped to the country were set in line with normal
market movements and would continue to be market-led.

China is one of the company's three major export destinations, besides the United
States and Europe. Exports account for 80 percent of the company's total annual
output of around 90,000 tonnes.

Mr Apisith said that strong co-operation among the companies, the industry as a
whole and the government also helped contribute to the successful resolution.

China's entry to the WTO had helped create transparency and a reasonable
investigation process, as the government realised that other members were watching
to see whether it would comply with WTO practices, he said.

Chinese law on dumping investigations was not yet compatible with WTO rules,
particularly indicators to determine injury. The WTO requires the examination of 15
indicators including turnover, profitability, production and cashflow, but China
falls short.

Mr Apisith said he believed that China would amend and enforce its dumping law
more effectively to protect local heavy industries, particularly steel,
petrochemicals and chemicals.

Let a Thousand Web Sites Bloom.( Chinese web sites about agriculture)

During the past few years, e-commerce and Web-based information resources in China
have flourished, providing a broad range of information for potential U.S.
agricultural exporters. According to China's Ministry of Agriculture, there are now
more than 2,200 Web sites about Chinese agriculture representing agricultural
enterprises, government organizations and educational institutions.

The following are a few of the more useful Web sites divided into government,
industry association, state trading company and commercial categories. This list
represents just a small sampling of what is available, and new sites are always
emerging.

Please be advised that the mention of an entity or site does not imply approval or
constitute endorsement by USDA or the Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS).

Government Organizations

Chinese government departments use their home pages to post new laws and
regulations, news releases, business opportunities and trade trends. Some of the
most significant sites for agriculture are:

* Ministry of Agriculture--

www.agri.gov.cn--provides information on commodities production, and market

forecasts as well as government policies and regulations.

* Grains and Oils Information Center--www. grain.gov.cn--contains a wide range of

information on grains, oilseeds and vegetable oil. This Web site is a subscribers-
only service.

* Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation-- www.moftec.com--includes

both Chinese- and English-language information relating to foreign trade, customs,
commodities inspection and environmental protection.

* State General Administration for Quality, Safety, Inspection and Quarantine--

www.csbts.cn.net/english/index.htm--has detailed information on the health
standards for food commodities marketed in China, as well as quarantine and
inspection regulations.

* China General Customs Administration--www.customs.gov.cn-- includes laws and

regulations regarding customs and trademark protection.

* Ministry of Health--www.moh.gov.cn--has important information on standards for

food safety and hygiene, including the supervision of hygiene standards at ports.

* State Economic and Trade commission--www.cacs.gov.cn--deals primarily with

antidumping and trade subsidies.

* China Green Food and Development Center--www.greenfood.org.cn--is the official

Web site for China's organic food initiative. The site has an introduction in
English, but everything else is in Chinese.

Chinese Industry Associations

Several Chinese agricultural industry associations have Web sites in various

stages of development. Some larger sites include:

* China Food Industry Association--www.cfiin.com.cn--has an English version that

comprises market surveys, special reports and trade data. The Chinese language
section has more detailed news on the agricultural processing industry. This
association also has a Chinese-language-only Web site-- www.cnfoodnet.com--that
includes all laws and regulations related to the food industry It also contains a
list of food and agricultural enterprises in China with complete contact
information such as addresses, telephone numbers and Web sites.

* China Feed Industry Information Net--www.chinafeed.org.cn--consolidates

information on the feed industry and animal husbandry It provides up-to-date
information and market analysis on all aspects of the feed industry, including
price information, laws and regulations.

* China Fermentation Industry Association--www.brewchina.com-- has information on

products from wine, beer and spirits to soybean milk, soft drinks and ice cream.
 * China National Wine Association-- www.winechina.com--has an English version that
describes China's wine history and provides updates on grape varieties and
marketing and cooperation opportunities.

* China Food Additives Association- www. chinaadditive. corn-has information on

food safety inspections and requirements of food safety laws and regulations.

State Trading Companies

Several Chinese commodity trading companies have Web sites and they are developing
more. Examples include:

* China National Cereals, Oils and Foodstuffs Import and Export Corporation-
www.foodec.com-where users can find information on international and domestic
marketing trends and directories of companies.

* China National Cotton Exchange--www.cottonchina.org--has statistics on cotton

transactions, including quantity, location, quality and price. The Web site also
has links to some Chinese textile sites. The Cotton Exchange seeks to be the
primary link between China's domestic cotton market and international cotton
markets.

* State Tobacco Monopoly Administration--www.tobaccochina.com--is the online voice

of China's tobacco industry providing quick access to tobacco company news,
international business and government policies.

Commercial Food and Agriculture Web Sites

Commercial businesses and their Web sites have been in operation only a short time
in China with little history to back them up. In addition, laws covering e-commerce
in China are not well defined, adding to the usual risks of doing business in
China.

Below is a sampling of these commercial sites. FAS can neither sponsor nor
guarantee the content or business practices of these entities.

* www.FarmChina.com claims to be the first business-to-business international

trading marketplace and one-stop e-solution for the agricultural industry focusing
on China. The company provides industry marketing reports, business news, trade
data, a company directory by sector, match making services, advertising and
consulting services.

* www.Byte-way.com is a Beijing-based dot com company founded by several people

who have been promoting American agricultural and food products in China. The site
is bilingual and the company serves as a match maker for both American and Chinese
agricultural businesses.

* www.foodbusiness.com.cn networked to more than 15 food-related Web sites. The

site has news on the international and domestic food industry covering a wide range
of products. Services include market research reports and information on technology
and various databases such as a directory of food manufacturing enterprises.

* www.cngrain.com is China's largest grain industry Web site. It provides market

information as well as crop condition reports and customs data on imports and
exports.

* www.chinafoods.com provides data on agricultural production, food processing and

trade.
 General Business Web Sites

Several general business and trade sites have valuable information on doing
business in China. They include:

* China Council for the Promotion of International Trade--www.ccpit.org--was

founded in 1952 as a non-governmental commercial organization aimed at developing
foreign trade. It is China's largest private trade promotion agency. With more than
70,000 members and 17 overseas offices, its services encompass foreign liaison,
international trade exhibition, foreign legal services and information consultancy.

* China Business Associates-www.AmericaChina.com--is a company designed to help

Chinese businesses that want to do business with U.S. companies to learn about and
understand U.S. companies and products. Agriculture, however, is only one aspect of
the company's business scope.

* China Business Guide Weekly--www.cbg.org.cn("http://www.cbg.org.cn/")--is an

information service program for the promotion of China's international trade and
economic cooperation. Information covers a wide range of business matters, such as
international market information, laws and regulations concerning foreign trade and
data on foreign investment, customs, commodity inspection and taxation.

An examination of some of the above Web sites will lead to many more links that
will have information on agriculture and trading with China. Keep in mind that
while many sites have English versions, others are partly or completely in Chinese.
However, the wealth of information available through the Internet is vast and is
continuing to grow. This affords the prospective exporter the ability to begin
research from his or her personal computer desktop. More sites are coming on line
each day.

Ralph Bean is the agricultural attache at the U.S. Embassy in Beijing, China.
Freda Chao is an agricultural specialist at the same embassy.

Total number of pages for this article: 3 FULL TEXT

OPINION

Writing five years ago in his best-selling book, "The Clash of Civilizations and
the Remaking of World Order," Harvard professor Samuel P. Huntington predicted the
United States should prepare for years - even decades - of tension with China. He
did not predict a war, hot or cold, but he did suggest that China's ambitions to
rebuild "Greater China" and its Asian "co-prosperity zone" would come into direct
conflict with U.S. interests in the Pacific Rim.
 It is a reminder that last week's release of an American air crew held in China
was neither the end nor the beginning of a diplomatic problem, but the continuation
of a power struggle that will dominate the nation's attention well into the new
century.

" Greater China' is not simply an abstract concept. It is a rapidly growing

cultural and economic reality and it has become a political one," Huntington wrote
in his 1996 book. He described the desire of China's modern leaders to recreate the
China of ancient times, which exerted political, cultural and economic influence
over Korea, Vietnam, central Asia and, at times, Japan.

The economic growth of China and its growing self-confidence is disrupting

international politics in at least three ways, Huntington wrote: First, economic
development leads to expanded military capabilities; second, those capabilities
increase the intensity of conflicts with the West, particularly the United States;
and third, the rest of East Asia is once again faced with the prospect of becoming
part of "Greater China," unofficially if not officially.

All of those trends have been on display since a Navy reconnaissance plane was
brought down April 1 by a hot-dogging Chinese pilot. The release of the crew was a
tribute to the careful handling of the incident by President Bush, Secretary of
State Colin Powell, Chinese ambassador Joseph Prueher and others. But everyone in
Washington knows the safe return of the 24 crew members is not the end of the
story.

There will be more confrontations with China, perhaps other future reconnaissance
flights that take place over what the world calls international waters, and what
the Chinese call "Greater China." There will be tense exchanges over the possible
sale of arms to Taiwan. There will be terse discussions about bilateral trade,
which China desperately needs to continue its modernization. There will be more
incidents involving Chinese appropriation of Western technology - which it sells,
in turn, to nations such as Iran and Pakistan. And there will be tough talk about
human rights and China's bid to host the 2008 Olympics.

The end of the Cold War has led to a new era in world politics, one in which
relations will be reconfigured as much along cultural lines as ideological
differences. In that new world, it will be important for the United States to
safeguard its interests while acknowledging the fact that other civilizations will
assert themselves. That's what happened over the last two weeks in China. Like it
or not, it will happen again.

But according to Dr. William Ward, the Warehime Professor of Business

Administration at Susquehanna University in Selinsgrove, Pa., most of that concern
should rest with the Chinese.

"China needs us a lot worse than we (the United States) need them," says Ward,
whose primary academic research involves business in China. He also witnessed The
Tianamen Square tragedy while he was in Beijing as a visiting scholar at the
Peoples University of Beijing. He's been back to China since the violence, and
continues to be invited as a guest scholar.
 "What they (the Chinese) need is our markets for their goods. Anything they
produce that is labor intensive - like clothing and textiles - they need to sell
those things to us. That's what everyone talks about over there. They need us in a
lot worse way and in much deeper ways than we need them."

Ward reports that the Chinese desperately need money and foreign direct
investment, and that means they need joint ventures with American companies in
order to retain earnings and keep those earnings for reinvestments.

"They (the Chinese) could get money from Europe and Japan, but their legacy in
that is not good. They don't particularly like the Japanese, and they're afraid of
European imperialism," says Ward. "So, they like the U.S. because of the money it
has to invest."

Ward believes the second reason the Chinese need to continue good business
relations with the U.S. is technology.

"We can really describe China as 'a vacuum' to technology in a 'microchip' world.
They clearly need industrial technology," he says. "They need access to robotics,
computer technology, and all kinds of things. They can't even bottle water or make
hot dogs. They need industrial or manufacturing technology. Anything which we have
taken for granted over the last 25 years is totally foreign to them."

Aside from access to technology, Ward says the Chinese also need to know how to
use it - and that is yet another reason they need the U.S.

"China is a society that the industrial revolution bypassed in 19th century. They
wanted it that way and they got it. The Communists tried to couple industrial
technology with an agrarian society and under Mao, it turned out to be a miserable
failure," says Ward. "They need technology, manufacturing and business knowledge.
True, they have a basis in entrepreneurial dealings with culture and business in
the past. But they don't have a large-scale international business history as a
basis to compete in a modern industrial world."

"Where better than the U.S. is it possible to get those three things? The answer
is nowhere. They (The Chinese) can get it at some other places, but not like they
can in the U.S."

At the same time, Ward reports that the only thing United States businesses really
need from China is cheap labor manufacturing.

"The Chinese have a huge population where they can produce cheap labor in certain
situations. They have that, plus the potential market to buy our finished goods.
But that market is particularly limited by Chinese disposable income, which is very
low," says Ward. "How long will it take for them to get a high enough level of
income to buy a lot of goods from us? In a society where there's one phone for 300
people, it's going to take a long time and there's always going to be a question of
whether they can afford our goods."

Because the United States doesn't stand to gain as much from its growing business
exchange with China, Ward believes "our strategic policy interests are more
important than our business interests. For the Chinese, their business interests
are much more important than their strategic interests in the U.S."

"The U.S. was willing to negotiate with China on the E-P3 only to avoid a loss of
their positioning within that part of Asia. By default, the Chinese are a power
there. But against the U.S., they (the Chinese) realize how weak they really are,"
says Ward. "So, it's embarrassing to them (the Chinese) to be an aspiring world
power and be functionally weak against the world's only superpower. That's where
this 'loss of face' stuff comes in. They (the Chinese) had to pick at all the
little things to create the illusion that they're a powerful player in world."

Ward believes the United States' consistent policy towards China will "stay the
course."

"They (U.S. officials) won't sacrifice strategic interests for business interests,
where China is likely to sacrifice strategic interests for business interests. We
have a lot of options that they don't have," he says. "I think the upcoming most-
favored nation trade vote is critical to them (the Chinese) in that U.S. lawmakers
could revoke that and put them through the torture test of this administration. The
U.S. has them on most-favored nation, Taiwan, the Olympics, not to mention all the
other leverages. Suppose the U.S. cut off all exports to China, they would have to
settle for third-rate crap from the Russians."

Because the United States appears to have the bulk of the leverage, Ward believes
the Chinese are really uncomfortable about that. He sees the recent standoff
involving the surveillance plane as an effort by China "to show the U.S. they can
be tough."

"I don't anticipate much of a change in our relationship with China over this.
Time's on our side, not theirs. As Chinese paychecks eventually do grow over time,
political freedoms and liberalism will also grow. As that happens, the country's
political foundation will become more unstable," he says.

((AScribe - The Public Interest Newswire /

http://www.ascribe.org)("http://www.ascribe.org)"))

KAI RYSSDAL, anchor: Today is the day China officially enters the World Trade
Organization. Their application was accepted, you might remember, at a WTO meeting
last month in the Middle East. Ordinarily, today would pass without much notice,
but there is a big agriculture beef brewing between China and Japan. That could
lead to the first real test of how closely China will play by the rules.

ANN CURRY, anchor: President Bush arrived in Shanghai, China, this morning, his
first trip abroad since September 11th. The president is holding economic talks
with world leaders to promote free trade and is seeking broader support for the war
on terrorism.
 Only months before China joins WTO...the World Trade Organization. WTO invitation
will go out in Nov., and China will accept early next year.

Then comes the hard part: Implementing reforms. China's gov't must revamp trade,
financial and judicial systems to meet WTO standards. It will take a decade before
all the changes are made, some reluctantly.

U.S. financial services firms will be early winners under reforms China will make
by '06. Gains by farmers and others will be more gradual.

Engaging China : The Management of an Emerging Power

Zheng reviews "Engaging China: The Management of an Emerging Power" edited by

Alastair Iain Johnston and Robert S. Ross.

Brief delay for China's entry into WTO, World Trade Organization, as negotiators
squabble over farm subsidies, insurance, franchise issues.

Tokyo (Platts)-3Oct2001/339 am EDT/739 GMT Huizhou Universal's renewed arrangement

with an extended chartering period of the Gas Concord is expected, by market
players, to slowdown the bearish price movement. "Thanks to this re-arrangement
with an extended time, we would not lower our domestic sales prices any further," a
source at Huizhou Universal said. Before the extension of chartering period,
Huizhou Universal was under strong pressure to sell off the 25,000mt into China's
domestic market within the ten-day chartering period, and this has caused prices to
fall in China's domestic market by Yuan 80/mt ($10/mt) to Yuan 2,650/mt ex-terminal
by early October, a market source said.

TRADE

President Bush today notified Congress of his decision to extend normal trade
relations status for China for another year. "This decision advances the economic
and security interests of the American people and I urge Congress to support it,"
Bush said in a statement. Last year's vote to grant China permanent NTR was
contingent on China's accession to the World Trade Organization, which has not yet
occurred.

A tale of two cities: The social meanings of money and property in mainland
China and Taiwan

This article experiments with the use of popular novels to study the meanings of
money and property in two important Asian nations, Mainland China and Taiwan. From
important dictionaries of Chinese literature, we selected eight mid-length novels
published in the respective countries from 1974 to 1982.

CRAWFISH TAIL MEAT FROM CHINA: The Department of Commerce will begin an
antidumping review of freshwater crawfish tail meat from China for the period of
Sept. 1, 2000 to Aug. 31, 2001. The final results of this review will be issued no
later than Sept. 30, 2002. For more information contact: Holly A. Kuga, Office of
AD/CVD Enforcement, (202) 482-4737.. -- Oct. 26, 2001 66 FR 54195-54197

FULL TEXT The Food Institute THIS IS THE FULL TEXT: COPYRIGHT 2001 The Food
Institute Subscription: $565.00 per year. Published weekly. 1 Broadway, 2nd Floor,
Elmwood Park, NJ 07407.

NEW YORK -- U.S. exports of aluminum scrap gained ground in April, with China
accounting for an increase of more than 3,100 short tons from the previous month,
according to the latest statistics from the U.S. Department of Commerce.

FULL TEXT
 DAVID BRANCACCIO, anchor: Now some final notes. President Bush has made it
official: China now has permanent normal trade status. Congress passed this into
law, but China also had to become a member of the World Trade Organization, which
happened earlier this fall.

China has cut average chemical tariffs by about seven percentage points, to 10.6%.
The cuts are part of China's commitment made at an Asia Pacific Economic
Cooperation meeting in 1996 to reduce import duties on a wide range of products.
China will cut tariffs further when it joins the World Trade Organization, most
likely by mid-year.

FULL TEXT

CALGARY, Alberta & BEIJING, China--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Dec. 11, 2001--China Broadband

Corp. (NASDAQ OTC/BB:CBBD) announces today that the Company's efforts over the past
year in launching reliable, affordable, high-speed Internet access, resulting in it
becoming a leading broadband provider in China, has positioned it to take advantage
of opportunities in the telecommunication and technology sector resulting from
China's ascension to the World Trade Organization (WTO).

After 15 years of negotiations, China, the fifth largest trading nation and the
world's most populous country, today has become the 143rd and newest member of the
WTO. Accordingly, China has pledged a new regulatory regime governing various
industry sectors including telecommunication and technology, which will permit
direct foreign participation.

China Broadband currently forms co-operative joint ventures with network operators
in China to provide Internet service. Under these joint ventures, the Chinese
partner contributes exclusive access to its existing network for Internet
deployment, while the Company, as the Internet technology provider, contributes
technology, management, and capital, once all government approvals are received.
Ownership of these networks remain with the Chinese partner.

"We view China's ascension to the WTO as validating the legally approved and
binding co-operative joint ventures which China Broadband has acted under from its
inception," stated Matthew Heysel, chairman and CEO, "and as providing an avenue
for direct foreign equity ownership of these networks, which we will pursue."

With WTO ascension, China has also pledged sweeping reforms to accelerate the
government approval process. China Broadband is currently finalizing contracts for
Internet deployment in the municipality of Beijing, as well as throughout the
provinces of Hunan and Fujian. The Company believes that these reforms will
accelerate the speed of deployment in these key markets.

It is estimated that China's WTO membership will result in incremental direct

foreign investment of approximately US$100 billion per year. China Broadband
believes that this resulting increase in commerce will dramatically impact the need
for broadband Internet access and provide the Company with a distinct advantage,
having obtained its market share early, and having established a reputation for
quality service.

About China Broadband

China Broadband is a leading broadband Internet provider in China. The Company,

through its operational subsidiary Big Sky Network Canada Ltd., forms co-operative
joint ventures with municipal network providers to enable affordable, reliable,
high-speed Internet access. The Company launched its first deployment in Shekou,
Shenzhen over the hybrid fibre cable television network; the first launch of two-
way commercial Internet access in China. The Company has also launched Internet
access on the cable television network in Chengdu, Sichuan, and via a metropolitan
area network in a Chengdu Hi-Tech Park. The Company has also executed agreements to
enable Internet access in several cities, including Shanghai and Beijing, and
throughout the provinces of Hunan and Fujian. The Company has also entered into an
Agreement with Jitong to provide a fixed wireless solution throughout China over
Jitong's existing city-specific and country-wide spectrum.

For further information please visit our website at

www.chinabroadband.com("http://www.chinabroadband.com/"), or contact:

Note: The information contained in this press release contains "forward looking
statements" within the meaning of the U.S. Federal Securities Law. Such statements
are based on the current expectations of the management of China Broadband Corp.
only, and actual results may differ materially. Factors that may affect such
results include, but are not limited to, China Broadband's ability to realize
anticipated benefits from the strategy partnership with Nortel Networks, China
Broadband's ability to increase its subscriber bases in Shekou and Chengdu, China
Broadband's ability to enter into new joint ventures to expand its presence in
China, China Broadband's ability to obtain additional capital to meet its on-going
capital requirements and capital for expansion needs, potentially adverse
regulatory environment and governmental regulations, technological or competitive
developments that may render existing systems obsolete, uncertain demand for China
Broadband's services or products, potential inability to timely develop and
introduce new technologies, products and services, failure to receive on a timely
basis necessary permits or other governmental approvals, and delays in installing
equipment or providing services. These factors and many others could cause the
actual results or performance to differ materially from management's expectations.
For a more detailed discussion of risks and other factors related to China
Broadband please refer to its 10-KSB and 10QSB reports filed with the U.S.
Securities and Exchange Commission.

CONTACT: China Broadband Corporation

Matthew Heysel, 403/234-8885
Fax 403/265-8808
ir@chinabroadband.com
or
Kurt@armorcapitalpartners.com
Armor Capital Partners
Kurt Johnson, 604/684-2213
 Fax 604/684-2208

18:38 EST DECEMBER 11, 2001

China Mobile Looks To Buy More Chinese Cellular Networks

HONG KONG, CHINA, 2001 DEC 6 (NB). China's biggest cellular operator China Mobile
said it is thinking about buying eight more provincial networks from its parent
company in a transaction that could reportedly cost up to $12 billion.

The Hong Kong Stock Exchange-listed China Mobile currently controls mobile phone
networks in 13 Chinese provinces, and is looking to eventually buy the rest from
its Mainland China parent, China Mobile Communications Corporation.

In a statement to the Hong Kong Stock Exchange this week, China Mobile said it is
studying the possible acquisition of mobile phone networks in Anhui, Hunan, Hubei,
Jiangxi, Sichuan, Chongqing, Shaanxi and Shanxi provinces.

It may buy some, or all of the networks, China Mobile said, depending on how much
money it can raise for the purchase.

The company added that completion of the deal is not a certainty and that timing
had not been finalized.

China Mobile said it would finance the huge purchase via a combination of cash
reserves and China's domestic capital markets.

It did not mention overseas investors, who have been a source of financing in the
past. The company said it would reduce the number of networks in the acquisition if
it could not fund the deal locally.

Reported By Newsbytes.com, http://www.newsbytes.com("http://www.newsbytes.com").

05:50 CST

WIRES ASIA, TELECOM, BUSINESS/

GUANGZHOU, China--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Feb. 12, 2001--China Southern Airlines

(NYSE:ZNH) (HKSE:1055), the largest airline in The People's Republic of China is
pleased to announce the launch of its redesigned Internet Chinese and English Web
sites.

China Southern Airlines' new Chinese Web site is available at www.cs-air.com and
new English Web site at www.cs-air.com/en.

China Southern Airlines' Chinese Web site has numerous new integrated features
including a reservation engine and a flash "mini movie" on the home page with links
to China Southern Cargo and The Sky Pearl Club, the fastest growing frequent flyer
club in China.

"This is the second generation of our Chinese and English Web sites since we
launched our Internet program in 1999 and we are continually upgrading our 'user-
friendly' Internet platform. China Southern Airlines was the first airline in China
to offer e-ticketing and our new streamlined presence on the ever-expanding
Internet typifies our commitment to new marketing programs to better serve our
customers," said Mr. Li Kun, Vice President, Marketing, China Southern Airlines.

Ranked No. 1 in passengers carried in China for the past 22 years, China Southern
Airlines www.cs-air.com/en("http://www.cs-air.com/en") connects more than 80 cities
around the globe. Major business and vacation destinations served in China include:
Beijing, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Guilin, Hong Kong, Kunming, Shanghai, Shenzhen and
Wuhan and as well as international service, including: Amsterdam, Bangkok, Hanoi,
Ho Chi Minh City, Kuala Lumpur, Jakarta, Los Angeles, Melbourne, Osaka, Penang,
Phnom Penh, Seoul, Singapore and Sydney.

CONTACT: Ruffolo Communications Jeff Ruffolo, 949/706-6789 949/278-6440 (Cellular)

949/706-2535 (Fax) RuffoloPR@aol.com 16:07 EST FEBRUARY 12, 2001

BEIJING--(BUSINESS WIRE)--March 22, 2001--Ocean Spray's line of cranberry and

grapefruit beverages will be launched in the People's Republic of China within the
next six months under an agreement finalized this week with the largest juice
company in China.

Under an agreement with the Beijing Huiyuan Beverage Group, Ocean Spray, the
number-one brand of canned and bottled juice drinks in the U.S., will grant a 10-
year license to Huiyuan for the Ocean Spray brand and technology. The business plan
calls for an initial launch of a line of Ocean Spray cranberry and grapefruit juice
drinks in the major centers of Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou later this year.
Sales will be extended to other major markets in China over the next three years.

Ocean Spray CEO Robert Hawthorne and Zhu Xin Li, chairman of the board of Huiyuan,
finalized the agreement this week in Beijing. A ceremony was broadcast on Chinese
national television to an audience of more than 200 million people who heard for
the first time about the healthy benefits of Ocean Spray juices.

"This is a momentous opportunity for Ocean Spray," said Hawthorne. "It gives us
access to what will undoubtedly become the largest juice market in the world over
the next 20 years. And more important, we are partnering with a Chinese company
that is second to none in quality and marketing skills."
 Hawthorne said the agreement will benefit not only Ocean Spray - a cooperative of
804 cranberry growers and 126 grapefruit growers - but also growers outside of
Ocean Spray.

"This agreement will open doors," he said. "It will create opportunities for all
North American cranberry and grapefruit growers to expand sales into a huge new
market at a time when market growth at home is an increasing challenge."

Huiyuan chairman Zhu, who started his business as a concentrator of locally-grown

apple juice, said this week his decision to partner with Ocean Spray was strongly
influenced by the fact that Ocean Spray is a cooperative of hard-working American
farmers.

The privately owned Huiyuan brand, launched only six years ago, is the clear brand
leader in the rapidly growing Chinese market for fruit juices. Its line of products
- primarily 100% apple and orange juices - has been growing at rates of more than
100 percent for several years running. The company now has eight factories
servicing all the major urban markets in China and employs more than 3,000 salesmen
across the country.

While marketing plans still are in development, Ocean Spray officials said they
will focus in China on some of the same brand qualities that made Ocean Spray a
household name in the U.S. - its uniquely American heritage and its strong health
appeal.

As it prepares to enter a nation of 1.2 billion people, Ocean Spray officials

estimate that the market for juices and juice drinks in China already exceeds 100
million people, and expect that number to grow at double-digit rate for the
foreseeable future.

Ocean Spray had been exploring the prospect of marketing in China for several
years. The company made its initial contact with Huiyuan through the consulting
firm Boston Capital & Technology, which had a personal working relationship with
its chairman, Zhu. Their rapport with Huiyuan management helped secure the
agreement.

Ocean Spray CEO Hawthorne also credited Senator Edward M. Kennedy of Massachusetts
and his staff for their assistance in navigating the issues and details involved in
establishing a business presence in China.

"We're excited about moving ahead and working with our new partners to build a
major Ocean Spay franchise which will provide real growth for our cranberry and
grapefruit crops for many years to come," said Hawthorne.

CONTACT: Ocean Spray Chris Phillips, (508) 946-7318 cphillips@oceanspray.com 13:00

EST MARCH 22, 2001

GUANGZHOU, China--(BUSINESS WIRE)--July 11, 2001--China Southern Airlines

(NYSE:ZNH) (HKSE:1055) (www.cs-air.com/en), the largest airline in the People's
Republic of China, and KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, today signed a cooperation
agreement on the joint Beijing-Amsterdam and Shanghai-Amsterdam service.

This agreement is the first of its kind for China Southern Airlines as China's
biggest airline establishes an important relationship with one of the leading
airlines in Europe.

To offer better services to the traveling public, China Southern and KLM have
agreed to implement code-share service on the Beijing-Amsterdam and Shanghai-
Amsterdam routes.

China Southern currently operates the Beijing-Amsterdam service twice a week (CZ
345/346) using the state-of-the-art Boeing 777. KLM operates three Amsterdam-
Beijing frequencies (KL 897/898) and two Amsterdam-Shanghai services (KL 895/896)
at present using Boeing 747 aircraft.

KLM (www.klm.com) will take a block of seats on each of CZ's current frequencies
between Amsterdam and Beijing and publish these blocks under its own KL (code
share) flight numbers. China Southern will take a block of seats on each of KL's
current frequencies between Amsterdam and Beijing/Shanghai and publish these blocks
under its own CZ (code share) flight numbers.

As this new cooperation begins, China Southern Airlines' Beijing-Amsterdam service

will increase to five times weekly and will also offer a new Shanghai to Amsterdam
service three times a week.

China Southern and KLM also expressed the joint intention to further extend their
cooperation to loyalty programs, cargo/freight, ground handling and other areas.

"These Sino-Dutch routes are among the most important international routes in
Chinese aviation. China Southern Airlines is the only designated carrier operating
the Beijing-Amsterdam service. The two airlines will further develop joint
opportunities to advance this important route by tapping into each other's
advantages and work cooperatively with one another on an ongoing basis," said Li
Kun, vice president, China Southern Airlines.

"KLM is highly pleased to have signed a cooperation agreement with such a

prominent airline as China Southern Airlines. Our cooperation offers even greater
potential for the future," said Rob Abrahamsen, managing director, CFO and board
member of KLM who attended the Guangzhou signing ceremony and press conference in
addition to more than 60 guests from both parties and the international news media.

Such a partnership enables both airlines to bring into full play each other's
potential without capacity and investment increase and lay a good foundation for
further cooperation in the future. For passengers, they can get more convenient
travel service.

KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, the world's oldest operating airline and a key member of
the first global airline alliance "Wing," carried 16.1 million passengers in fiscal
2000/2001. KLM and its partners serve more than 400 cities in 78 countries. The
Dutch carrier operates a fleet of 126 aircraft. In 2000/2001 KLM's net profit
amounted to EUR 77 million (US$65.2 million).

China Southern Airlines is China's largest airline, carrying 16.7 million

passengers in 2000. Its net profit in fiscal 2000 was US$60.6 million. Currently,
China Southern operates the nation's largest commercial fleet of 109 jet aircraft,
including nine Boeing 777.
 The airline operates 361 domestic, regional and international routes and serves
more than 80 cities, both within China and internationally, providing convenient
connections to Asia, Australia, Europe and the United States.

China Southern Airlines' new partnership with one of the leading airlines of
Europe is but another step in its overall strategic plan -- following code-share
agreements with Delta Air Lines in the United States; JAS in Japan; Vietnam
Airlines and Asiana in Korea.

"Today's new partnership with KLM will enable China Southern to offer better
services to our customers, provide more travel opportunities, improve our
international network and to continue to position China Southern Airlines as a
major player on the world airline stage. The collaboration between these two major
airline players will also help to strengthen the relationship and economic and
cultural exchanges between the two countries," said Li.

New connections:

China Southern Airlines

Beijing-Amsterdam service: CZ 345, every Tuesday and Friday, departure 13:00

(Beijing time) and arrival 17:20 (local time)

Amsterdam-Beijing service: CZ 346, every Tuesday and Friday, departure 20:00

(local time) and arrival 11:30 (Beijing time)

KLM

Amsterdam-Beijing: KL 897/898, every Monday, Thursday and Saturday, departure

17:15 (local time) and arrival 08:35 (Beijing time)

Amsterdam-Shanghai: KL 895/896, departure 14:20 (local time) and arrival 06:45

(Beijing time)

Ranked No. 1 in passengers carried in China for the past 21 years, China Southern
Airlines (www.cs-air.com/en("http://www.cs-air.com/en")) connects more than 80
cities around the globe.

Major business and vacation destinations served in China include Beijing, Chengdu,
Guangzhou, Guilin, Hong Kong, Kunming, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Wuhan, as well as
international service including Amsterdam, Bangkok, Fukuoka, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh
City, Kuala Lumpur, Jakarta, Los Angeles, Manila, Osaka, Penang, Phnom Penh, Seoul
and Singapore.

CONTACT: China Southern Airlines Jeff Ruffolo, 909/734-6141 Fax: 909/734-6146 E-

mail: RuffoloPR@aol.com 11:15 EDT JULY 11, 2001

ISSY-LES-MOULINEAUX, France--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Nov. 5, 2001-- Wavecom SA

(Nasdaq:WVCM; Nouveau Marche:7306), a leading developer of digital wireless
standard modules (WISMO(TM)), today announced that it has signed a contract with
Guangzhou Southern High-tech Co., Ltd. (Soutec).

The contract calls for Wavecom to supply WISMO GSM/GPRS modules to Soutec, one of
China's top mobile communications companies. Soutec, which has its own R&D centre,
has already released five mobile phone models, including GSM models.

Commenting on the deal, Soutec's President, Chen Zhen, said: "We have chosen the
WISMO technology because of its high performance and ease of use. This partnership
with Wavecom will enable us to rapidly expand our product range and bring to market
new models of mobile telephones".

Five of the thirteen Chinese companies licensed to manufacture and sell mobile
handsets in China are now on Wavecom's client roster. Three of them are direct
clients - Soutec, TCL and China Kejian - while two others are indirect customers
that distribute telephones manufactured by the Korean handset maker, Sewon, in
China.

States Jean-Charles Andreani, Managing Director of Wavecom's Asia-Pacific

subsidiary in Hong Kong: "WISMO technology is attracting growing numbers of mobile
communications companies operating in China. The steady increase in our market
share in that country - one of the world's largest markets, with more than 100
million subscribers - illustrates not only the real potential of China but also the
trust that telephone manufacturers are placing in us".

About Soutec

Soutec is a key Chinese R&D center for mobile communication terminals and a
licensed manufacturer for GSM mobile phones in China. Established in 1999 in
Guangzhou, P.R. China, Soutec is the first company who achieved FTA certificate
with its own Intellectual Property in China. Until now, it has released 5 models of
mobile phone in China market and its marketing network has covered almost every
province of China mainland.

About Wavecom

A world pioneer in innovative wireless solutions, Wavecom was the first company to
commercialise GSM technology in the form of a standard module, the WISMO(TM),
making wireless technology available to everyone. WISMO modules are compact devices
that include all of the hardware, software and other technology needed to enable
wireless communications over the GSM/GPRS and future 3G networks. WISMO modules
enable any equipment or system to communicate without a fixed line connection.
Applications include mobile telephones, automotive navigation and information
systems, personal digital assistants with wireless communications functions, and
devices enabling communication between vending machines or utility meters and
control centres.

Founded in 1993 and headquartered near Paris in Issy-les-Moulineaux, Wavecom has

subsidiaries in Hong Kong (PRC) and San Diego (USA), with a total headcount of 470.
Company revenues totalled 65.6 million euros in 2000 and 217.3 million euros for
the nine months ended September 30, 2001. Wavecom is publicly traded on the Nouveau
Marche exchange in Paris and the NASDAQ National Market exchange in the U.S.

This press release may contain forward-looking statements that relate to the
Company's plans objectives, estimates and goals. Words such as "expects,"
"anticipates," "intends," "plans," "believes" and "estimates," and variations of
such words and similar expressions identify such forward-looking statements. The
Company's business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including
probable variability in the Company's quarterly operating results, manufacturing
capacity constraints, dependence on a limited number of customers, variability in
production yields, dependence on third parties and risks associated with managing
growth. These and other risks and uncertainties, which are described in more detail
in the Company's most recent filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission,
could cause the Company's actual results and developments to be materially
different from those expressed or implied by any of these forward-looking
statements.

www.wavecom.com("http://www.wavecom.com/")

CONTACT: General Ruder Finn Anissa Wong/Winnie Cheung Tel. +852 2521 0800 Fax:
+852 2521 7088 wonga@ruderfinn.com.hk cheungw@ruderfinn.com.hk or Financial
Citigate Dewe Rogerson Maria Mendoza/Victoria Hofstad Tel: +1 (212) 688-6840 Fax:
+1 (212) 838-3393 maria.mendoza@citigatedr-ny.com victoria.hofstad@citigatedr-
ny.com 17:01 EST NOVEMBER 5, 2001

FREMONT, Calif.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--June 21, 2001--Asyst Technologies, Inc.

(Nasdaq:ASYT), the leading provider of Standard Mechanical Interface (SMIF)-based
manufacturing automation systems, today announced it has received an order from
China's Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corp. (SMIC) for its 200mm SMIF
products. The order, totaling more than $15 million, represents Asyst's dominant
market-share leadership of the 200mm SMIF market in the region. The order is
comprised of Asyst's 200mm products, including SMIF load port interfaces (SMIF-
LPTs(TM)), Auto-ID systems (SMART-Tag(TM)), wafer cassette containers (SMIF-Pods)
and wafer sorting systems. The SMIC fab -- a complete turnkey operation and the
first commercial foundry in China -- is expected to produce more than 85,000 wafers
per month when it reaches full production.

Commenting on the key criteria for selecting a supplier of SMIF products for its
new 200mm foundry, SMIC President and CEO Dr. Richard Chang stated, "Asyst
continues to be the undisputed leader in its ability to provide us with the
comprehensive SMIF products to equip our fab, and thus the natural choice in our
selection. We know Asyst's excellent reputation around the world, and it can
provide the cost advantage and comprehensive field support that we require." SMIC
has plans to eventually expand its facility to more than six fabs in Shanghai, and
to cooperate and have business relationships with major semiconductor companies
worldwide. Chang continued, "We look forward to a mutually beneficial and long-
lasting relationship with them as we launch our semiconductor manufacturing efforts
in China."

Semiconductor industry forecasts predict that China will be one of the fastest
growing markets for the industry. Cahners In-Stat Group (Scottsdale, Ariz.)
projected last year that the total device consumption rate in China is projected to
reach $27 billion by 2003. This indicates a strong market opportunity for isolation
and automation technologies, especially as chipmakers and foundries increasingly
depend on these critical technologies to improve productivity and yield.

According to Asyst Chairman and CEO Dr. Mihir Parikh, "We are very pleased to have
been selected as the SMIF solution supplier for SMIC's new 200mm fab. This second
win in China further strengthens our leadership position in the rapidly growing
Chinese market. Additionally, our ability to play a leading role in supporting
200mm wafer manufacturing in China positions us strongly to help our customers
transition to the forthcoming 300mm market."

About Asyst: Asyst Technologies, Inc. is a leading provider of integrated

automation systems for the semiconductor manufacturing industry, which enable
semiconductor manufacturers to increase their manufacturing productivity and
protect their investment in silicon wafers during the manufacture of integrated
circuits, or ICs. Through its "Value-Assured Fab" strategy, Asyst offers a broad
range of 200mm and 300mm solutions that enable the safe transfer of wafers and
information between the process equipment and the fab line throughout the IC
fabrication process, while reducing IC damage caused by human, environmental,
mechanical and chemical factors. Encompassing isolation systems, work-in-process
materials management, substrate-handling robotics, automated transport and loading
systems, and connectivity automation software, Asyst's modular, interoperable
solutions allow chipmakers and original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs, to select
and employ the value-assured, hands-off manufacturing capabilities that best suit
their needs. Asyst's homepage is http://www.asyst.com("http://www.asyst.com")

Except for statements of historical fact, the statements in this press release are
forward-looking. Such statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties
that could cause actual results to differ materially from the statements made.
These factors include, but are not limited to: the volatility of semiconductor
industry cycles, failure to respond to rapid demand shifts, dependence on a few
significant customers, the transition of the industry from 200mm wafers to 300mm
wafers, risks associated with the acceptance of new products and product
capabilities, including our Plus Portal systems, competition in the semiconductor
equipment industry, failure to efficiently integrate acquired companies, failure to
retain employees, and other factors more fully detailed in the Company's annual
report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2001 filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on June 19, 2001.

Note to Editors: SMIF-LPT and SMART-Tag are trademarks of Asyst Technologies, Inc.

CONTACT: Asyst Technologies, Inc., Fremont Laura Guerrant, 510/661-5000

(Investors) lguerrant@asyst.com Maya Petrova, 510/661-5000 (Media)
mpetrova@asyst.com or MCA Dori Jones, 650/968-8900 (Media) djones@mcapr.com 06:00
EDT JUNE 21, 2001

China Packed With Potential: Battling Pirates And Finding Raw Talent, Major
Labels Are Optimistic About The Future Role Of The Emerging Chinese Market.

TOKYO-The regional chiefs of the world's Big Five record companies are cautiously
optimistic about their prospects in the huge but daunting mainland Chinese market.

Cautious, because anyone wanting to sell music in China has to deal with the
country's huge piracy problem. According to the International Federation of the
Phonographic Industry (IFPI), music sales in China fell for the third straight year
in 2000, largely because of piracy. The IFPI estimates China's overall music piracy
rate to be over 50%, climbing to 90% for international repertoire.

Another reason for the regional chiefs' cautious attitude is that, pending the
aftermath of China's entry Nov. 10 into the World Trade Organization (WTO),
international labels cannot distribute their own product-a sine qua non for any
label wanting to do serious business on a long-term basis in China.

But there's also room for optimism. Following China's long-awaited accession into
the WTO, however it will take several months for the necessary regulatory framework
to be put into place.

In addition, as their independent label counterparts note (see related story), the
regional label chiefs say the Chinese government is increasingly supportive of
efforts to light piracy. And, crucially, the majors are signing top domestic
artists as they steadily solidify their presence in the mainland Chinese market.

ON THEIR OWN

Among the five majors, Warner and Sony have led the way in setting up their own
labels in China. In September 2000, Warner Music International became the first
major label to set up a full-scale record company in mainland China, by
establishing Beijing-based Warner Music China (WMC) as a joint venture with state-
owned China National Culture and Arts.

Warner Music Asia-Pacific president Lachie Rutherford says that he cannot disclose
the two partners' respective shares in WMC, which has some 20 staffers, but says
that WMI has "management control" of the company. WMC's managing director is Zorro
Xu, who, prior to the establishment of WMC, looked after Warner's business in
mainland China through Warner Music Hong Kong.

"We started off as if we were Morris Levy in New York City," remarks Rutherford,
recalling the legendary independent-label entrepreneur. "We're very active-we
basically do anything to stay alive. The record-company environment here is very,
very tough.

"But I have to say our relationship with the Ministry of Culture has been great,"
Rutherford adds. "We have taken the time to talk to them, and they have taken the
time to listen."

Warner has also introduced the Warner store concept into mainland China, in which
the label leases space in state-owned retail outlets and sells Warner merchandise.

In June 2001, Sony Music International (SMI) launched Shanghai Epic Music
Entertainment (SEME) as a joint venture with Shanghai Synergy Multimedia Group and
Shanghai Jingwen Investment, which are both controlled by the Shanghai municipal
government. Besides developing Chinese-language repertoire for local and worldwide
markets, the joint venture will sign local artists and manufacture, distribute and
market its own recordings and licensed repertoire, as well as build a CD and
cassette manufacturing plant in Shanghai.

Andrew Wu, previously VP of business development at the Sony Music Asia regional
office in Hong Kong, for Asia, is SEME's managing director. Prior to joining Sony
just over two years ago, Wu worked for French luxury-goods company LVMH in Asia.

"It's really going to be a full-service record company," says Sony Music Asia
president Richard Denekamp, noting that, to do business in China, separate licenses
are required for each aspect of a record company's business. The joint venture, he
says, is "not only a production company [i.e., producing masters], we are also a
distribution company. And through our partners, we are also in publishing."

Denekamp explains that, in the Chinese context, "publishing" does not refer to
music publishing in the conventional sense, but simply to the right to legally
release a recording--basically a governmental imprimatur.
 CONTROLLING DISTRIBUTION

"Even after WTO, when they allow record companies to be [directly] involved in
distribution, the publishing side of it will still be [exclusively] controlled by
Chinese companies," Denekamp points out. That means the government will still be
able to exercise a veto over content that, for ideological or other reasons, does
not meet with its approval. "We don't have the publishing license as a joint
venture, but our partners in the joint venture have the publishing," he adds.

"The challenge for the market is obvious," says EMI Asia president Matthew
Allison. "First, it's to develop an effective distribution network. That's
contingent on distribution licenses being granted, and it's likely that the WTO
will pave the way for that. At this point, nobody has a distribution network."

EMI has representative offices in Shanghai and Beijing, with a total staff of 15
reporting to Hung Tik, EMI Asia VP in charge of greater China. EMI's activities in
China include co-production and bringing in overseas artists for promotion, as well
as sponsorship. EMI currently has "four or five" major licensees in China.

Tim Prescott, BMG Asia-Pacific VP of marketing and regional GM, also stresses the
importance of gaining control of distribution. "For the market to become genuinely
attractive to us for investment, we need a stable distribution system through which
money moves effectively," he says. "We need to be able to form companies on the
mainland where we have sufficient amounts of financial security and freedom of
operation and the ability to pay our artists an equitable royalty."

PIRATES STILL THREATEN

It's hardly news that the international majors are complaining about piracy in
China. As Rutherford succinctly puts it, "Piracy here is terrible. There's no other
word for it."

Sony's Denekamp summarizes the situation: "Declining legitimate sales, thriving

piracy, lengthy procedures to get an album released and many more obstacles to
doing business."

But the label chiefs agree that the Chinese government is taking a hard look at
the piracy problem and is moving to do something about it.

"We believe the Chinese government is sincere [about fighting piracy]," says
Rutherford. "I think piracy rates are going to be down to 20% within two years
time."

The main problem, according to Denekamp, is the sheer number of existing optical-
disc production facilities in China. "The production capacity is so huge that only
a fraction of it can be used for legitimate product," he says. "I'm just taking a
wait-and-see approach."

Universal Music Asia Pacific chairman Norman Cheng says that the piracy situation
has improved considerably in major cities such as Shanghai, Beijing and Wu Han.
"There is a light at the end of this particular tunnel, and we have noticed
recently a harsher crackdown to eradicate this problem," Cheng says. "But in a
country as large as China, this problem will not disappear tomorrow."

LOCAL TALENT

In a more positive vein, the majors are actively sourcing talent in China, and in
the last year have signed some high-profile acts.
 Universal, for example, has signed classical pianist Yungdi Li to the prestigious
Deutsche Grammophon label. "This signing has not only been a coup for Universal--as
nearly every other major was trying to sign him--it's also been a great PR coup for
China, positioning and establishing the country as being the biggest source for
young classical talent," says Cheng.

Cheng says discovering, nurturing and cultivating young classical talent is a

major part of Universal's A&R strategy in China, but adds that the company is
looking at the nation's fledgling rock scene, as well as genres such as ambient and
jazz. "We have our A&R people looking at who and what is out there. Sponsors have
come to us about being involved with them in talent searches, etc., and that gives
us more of an opportunity to discover new talent," he says. In the meantime, male
vocalist Jacky Cheung is Universal's best-selling artist in China, where, according
to the label, he averages sales of around 300,000 units per release.

EMI recently signed Beijing-based singer-songwriter Zheng Jun, who was previously
with Universal. "He's the local act that we're most excited about," says Allison.
And mainland artist Faye Wong continues to be a priority for EMI in China.

Prescott describes BMG's approach to regional repertoire in all Chinese markets as

"measured."

"It's aimed toward working with creative partners and profitable artists, rather
than market share per se," he explains. "With the smaller artist roster that flows
from this, we have had success both with Chinese-language repertoire sold in China
and, to a lesser degree, mainland artists sold elsewhere in Asia. Jordan Chan and
Jay Chou are good examples of artists who have sold substantial records in China,
and Ding Wei is a very creative Chinese talent that we believe has potential
outside China."

For Rutherford, WMC's raison d'etre is to create a local-repertoire presence. "We

have a decent-sized roster in mainland China now," he says, noting that WMC has
focused on signing acts from the rock/campus scene. "We've broken a new act called
Da Da. Another is Pu Shu, an incredibly talented singer-songwriter, and then
there's Wan Fung--one of the classic rock artists in China, a very talented guy."

Sony had already started signing mainland artists before setting up its Shanghai
joint venture in June, and SEME's roster now comprises eight acts. Sony's best-
selling mainland act is Beijing-based male vocalist Liu Huan, whose albums sell in
the 250,000-unit range, the label reports.

"The next 12 months will be a fascinating--and perhaps defining--period for the

music business in China," says BMG's Prescott. "Either China's accession to the WTO
and its recent aggressive efforts to counteract piracy will cause some sharp
improvement in the obstacles we face in China, or the pace of change will remain
the same as it is now. In either case, really dramatic changes are unlikely in the
short term, in my view. However, BMG and our parent company, Bertelsmann, remain
positive about the market's prospects for the long term, and we are shaping our
strategy accordingly."

Universal's Cheng shares that optimistic long-term outlook. "We believe that with
all the goodwill and good press that has come out of Beijing winning the rights to
host the Olympic Games in 2008, plus China's entry into the WTO, the government
will be even more aware of the importance of protecting intellectual property and,
furthermore, protect it from a long-term point of view," he says. "This is not
going to happen overnight, but it will eventually. We also believe that a better-
protected music market will gradually open up to include the entire entertainment
industry and underline China's potential to be the biggest market in the world for
us."

RELATED ARTICLE: China Fact File

Population: 1.275 billion

Population Under Age 35: 41.9%

Per Capita GDP: $855

Currency: 1 renminbi yuan = 100 fen = $0.12

Internet Penetration: 1.3%

Per capita music-sales value (2000): $0.1

Per capita music-sales units (2000): $0.05

World sales ranking: 36th

Piracy level in units (2000): More than 50%

Sales tax: 17%

Source: IFPI

Total number of pages for this article: 3 FULL TEXT VNU eMedia, Inc.

ANTONIO MORA, anchor: A Beijing court has convicted a Washington-based Chinese

scholar of spying and sentenced her to 10 years in prison. Gao Zhan immediately
applied for medical parole, saying she suffers from heart problems. She has denied
accusations that she spied for Taiwan.

Former South African president Nelson Mandela has been diagnosed with prostate
cancer. A spokeswoman says the 83-year-old Mandela will undergo radiotherapy. She
insists that it is a tiny cancer that is not expected to shorten Mandela's life.

Basketball star Patrick Ewing has become the first pro athlete to testify in a
sensational racketeering trial in Atlanta. Ewing acknowledged that he received
sexual favors at a popular strip club called The Gold Club. He is not charged with
anything. Federal prosecutors claim The Gold Club is controlled by organized
crime.

Finally, a swim in the waters off New York turned into a tragedy. A riptide swept
away three young girls, two sisters and their cousin. They went into the water very
close to shore more than an hour before lifeguards came on duty. The girls were
12, 13 and 16.

Coming up later on GOOD MORNING AMERICA, more on how to be safe at the beach.

That is our look at the news at 7:07.

 SOLVING THE CHINESE PUZZLE.(doing business in China )(Industry Trend or Event)

Western semiconductor companies trying to hitch a ride on China's red star on the
rise face a crisis, in the Chinese sense of the word. The Chinese symbol for crisis
is made up of two characters: "wei," which means danger, and "ji," which means
opportunity.

Two of the biggest opportunities appear to be in the wireless and manufacturing

branches of the electronics industry. "China will be the biggest market for
cellular base stations by 2004, and probably the biggest market for handsets next
year," said Will Strauss, president of Forward Concepts of Tempe, Ariz.

Projections like that are fuelling massive foreign investment in China.

"China is very quick to embrace anyone that can bring technology to the country,"
Strauss said. "But that can be a one-way street. They don't care if you get
anything back."

Integrated Silicon Solution Inc. (ISSI) is familiar with both the promise and the
potential problems China can pose to outside investors. The Santa Clara, Calif.-
based memory maker recently invested $40 million in a foundry start-up venture in
Shanghai called Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corp. (SMIC). SMIC is
building a minicity complex, including apartments, a small shopping center and a
school, around the fab in an attempt to attract senior foreign workers.

"It's an incredible undertaking, but it reflects the difficulty of recruiting on

an international basis because housing there is a few generations behind, even in
Taiwan," said Gary Fischer, president and CEO of ISSI.

Even before issues such as that arise, there is the initial challenge of getting
into China and setting up shop in the first place. It is important to have an
insider to help in the process, Fischer said-someone who has spent years
cultivating "guanxi" (or close relationships) with key administrative and business
officials. For ISSI, that person was Shanghai native Henry Pu, vice president of
quality assurance.

Another way to get into China is to partner with a Taiwanese company looking to
expand its business to the mainland, according to Taiwan-born Bing Yeh, president
and chief executive officer of Silicon Storage Technology Inc. (SST), of Sunnyvale,
Calif. "For western companies that want to do business in China, the best way is to
go through a Taiwanese company," Yeh said.

However, adding a presence in China is not necessarily the most difficult part of
the business equation. Trying to subtract cash from the country can cause multiple
headaches, according to Jim Li, executive vice president of San Jose-based IC Media
Corp.

"People there are eager to do business," Li said. "They would like to set up the
distribution channels, but the problem always comes when it is time to collect your
money. You cannot simply get the money out of the country. The government controls
all the foreign reserves, and they don't want individual people or businesses to
have any control of that."
 That problem will probably lessen if, as expected, China is admitted to the World
Trade Organization (WTO), Yeh said. "Once they become part of the WTO, they have no
choice but to open up or they will not be successful," Yeh said.

Western companies striving to solve the Chinese puzzle need to consider many
different pieces. But if the Chinese linguists are correct, all danger comes with
its share of opportunity. The greater the danger, the greater the opportunity.

FULL TEXT Electronic News Publishing Corp. THIS IS THE FULL TEXT: COPYRIGHT 2001
Cahners Business Information Subscription: $69.00 per year. Published weekly. 475
Park Avenue South, 2nd Floor, New York, NY 10016.

ATLANTA--(BUSINESS WIRE)--March 12, 2001--Cirronet(TM) Inc., a broadband wireless

Internet access equipment company focused on breaking the residential market
deployment barriers, today announced the signing of a purchasing agreement with
Atlanta-based Sino U.S. Commercial Group (ChinaUSe-com).

The multi-year agreement will enable Cirronet to immediately participate in the

emerging Chinese broadband market and ChinaUSe-com to distribute Cirronet's
WaveBolt product family. The WaveBolt system is a commercially proven solution for
quick and economical deployment of wireless Internet access to the residential and
small business markets.

"ChinaUSe-com selected the WaveBolt family of products to provide wireless

Internet access to our subscribers and other ISPs based on affordability and
performance," said Lin Jin, ChinaUSe-com's CEO. "With an unlicensed product that
has total costs per subscriber of less than $400 USD, ease of installation, and the
robustness to operate in challenging environments, Cirronet's Internet access
solution was clearly the best choice on the market."

ChinaUSe-com, based in Atlanta, is opening a new office in Beijing to house its

WaveBolt marketing and technical support operations.

According to The Strategis Group, the number of wireless Internet users in the
Asia-Pacific region will reach 216.3 million by 2007, representing a ten-fold
increase from the present 20 million users. "Asia-Pacific has high growth
potential, but critical to this expansion is a wireless product that is cost-
effective for service providers to deploy," said Peter Jarich, an analyst with The
Strategis Group. "Market penetration can only occur when service providers can do
so profitably."

"Cirronet's Internet access solution is ideal for the international market and our
agreement with ChinaUSe-com is certainly proof of this," said the Cirronet's CEO
and chairman of the board, Robert Gemmell. "The purchasing agreement will enable
Cirronet to leverage ChinaUSe-com's implementation and technical expertise in that
geographic area. Cirronet is becoming well-known in China and other markets as a
trusted company that lives up to its market promise of breaking broadband access
deployment barriers."
 ChinaUSe-com distributes Internet access equipment to service providers throughout
China in addition to co-owning a China-based ISP. The company has plans to deploy
the first units in Beijing to its own subscriber base, and already has agreements
in place with other local Chinese ISPs to deploy the WaveBolt product family. With
its own subscribers, and as a liaison between U.S.-based high-tech companies and
their Chinese counterparts, ChinaUSe-com plans to expand significantly over the
next 18 to 24 months distributing Cirronet's networking equipment in China.

ChinaUSe-com is a joint venture of Sino U.S. Commercial Group Inc. and Midwest
Group, the largest non-governmental ISP in China. The company is investing $300
million to build 20 Internet data centers by 2003 in order to provide the
infrastructure for its Internet data network in China.

About WaveBolt

Cirronet's WaveBolt family of products enables cost-effective and quickly

deployable high-speed residential and small business connections because it is
compact, end-user installed through a PC port, priced under $400 USD (including
customer premise equipment (CPE), amortized access point and installation costs),
and approved to operate globally in the unlicensed 2.4 GHz (ISM) frequency band.
The WaveBolt system provides Internet access worldwide without telephone connection
charges or spectrum licensing costs and delays -- allowing service providers to
rapidly acquire new subscribers and accelerate market penetration.

About Cirronet Inc.

Cirronet is enabling the residential and small business Internet access market to
emerge by delivering first-in-category broadband wireless equipment. Cirronet
develops, markets and globally supports a commercially proven networking solution
that is uniquely designed to minimize the Internet service provider's price and
deployment barriers. After successful global beta trials, Cirronet's WaveBolt(TM)
product family enables cost-effective and quickly deployable high-speed residential
and SOHO connections because it is compact, end-user installed through a PC port,
priced under $400 USD (including amortized access point) and approved to operate
globally in the 2.4 GHz unlicensed band. Founded in 1987 and profitable since 1996
with a strong track record in industrial wireless data products, Cirronet(TM) has
created a global footprint with commercially deployed systems in 29 countries. For
more information, please visit the company's Web site at
http://www.cirronet.com("http://www.cirronet.com") or call 678.684.2000.

CONTACT: GAJ Services Inc. Barbara Giles, 407/876-0224 bgiles@gajservices.com or

GAJ Services Inc. Joan O'Clair, 614/792-9078 joclair@gajservices.com 06:47 EST
MARCH 12, 2001

Hong Kong (Platts)-24Oct2001/409 am EDT/809 GMT China's imports of aluminum ingot

have been slowed this week, with market players forseeing a bearish outlook for the
near future, industry sources said Wednesday. A Chinese trader said: "Aluminum
transactions on the Shanghai Metal Exchange have been slow-moving with market
players adopting a wait-and-see attitude towards the volatile prices and with most
thinking prices will have room to go down further." He added that long-term outlook
on aluminum imports remained gloomy on weakening demand in a slowing economy.
Another trader said: "Aluminum imports to China is not doing very good these days
with less arbitrage opportunities between the Shanghai and LME prices." Traders
said spot premiums for Australian-origin aluminum, CIF Shanghai are quoting steady
at about 45-50/mt over LME cash.

--(BUSINESS WIRE)--

Join Hal Rosenbluth and Senior Chinese Government Minister

Chairman He as they sign a Memorandum of Understanding marking the
first steps towards a Rosenbluth International joint venture in China.

WHAT: Continuing to expand its presence and travel leadership

position in the APAC region, Rosenbluth International will
sign an Official Memorandum of Understanding with China
Comfort, a travel management company with 46 branches in
China. The expected Rosenbluth International and China
Comfort joint agreement is the first to be supported by
the China National Tourism Administration.
The announcement with Rosenbluth International is part of an
official mission that Chairman He will kick off on June 14
in Washington, D.C. designed to expand travel and tourism
throughout China and Asia. (Hal Rosenbluth has been asked
to join Chairman He in Washington for the kick-off,
further demonstrating the close ties and future
opportunities between these companies.)
WHO: Chairman He Guangwei of the China National Tourism
Administration
Mr. Li Jilie, president, China Comfort
Hal Rosenbluth, chairman and CEO, Rosenbluth
International
Alex Wasilov, president, Rosenbluth International
Pieter Rieder, vice president, strategic markets,
Rosenbluth International
WHEN: Saturday, June 16th, 5:15 pm EST
WHERE: 2401 Walnut Street
Philadelphia PA

Contact: For more information or to attend the signing ceremony, please contact:
CONTACT: GCI Group, New York Marie DiFrancesco, 212/537-8101
mdifrancesco@gcigroup.com or Sara Kenders, 212/537-8042 skenders@gcigroup.com 10:02
EDT JUNE 13, 2001
 PHILADELPHIA, July 26 /PRNewswire/ -- Dynamic Media, Inc. (OTC: DYMI) announced
today that it has finalized and signed formal contracts for the "Joint Venture"
with China to produce a series of the largest broadcast DVD, videotape and high
definition television, specials in both China and American History. This signing
brought to a reality, earlier letters of intent that had been announced previously.
The company will also produce a very important Beijing interactive travel guide
titled: "Road to Beijing." The company estimates that the value of the "Joint
Venture" is in excess of $30 million.

Dr. Steven Ho, President of Avalon Films Inc. -- Asia, and representing China, and
Dr. Warren H. Chaney of Dynamic Media, Inc., appeared at a news conference to
discuss the new high definition film project being undertaken in China. As part of
a joint American/Chinese venture, Dynamic Media will be traveling throughout China
to produce the largest television, DVD, videotape, and broadcast series in American
History. The East/West partners are also producing a very important Beijing
interactive travel guide titled: "Road to Beijing."

"This is a journey of 10,000 miles," said Dr. Ho.

"Anyway that you look at it, this is a major production," added Dr. Chaney.

Dr. Ho then quoted Mr. Wang, Guilin -- Consul with the Consulate General's Office
of the People's Republic of China who stated, "In all my years and experience, I
have never seen nor ever known of any film project of this magnitude that has ever
been done like this in China before. There have been very small projects, news
media and the like but to the best of my knowledge, this is historical."

Principal photography is slated for high definition filming in September through

November of this year. The film will then be brought back for final Post
Production work to the Dynamic Media editing and post houses in Hollywood. Dynamic
Media's president, Ian Jones had stated that he expects the company to produce from
10 - 16 separate 90 minute productions, not including the material for the upcoming
Olympics.

"This is all original material, the first of a kind," said Dr. Chaney who serves
as the projects' Director. "We will be working on this for some time. This will be
terrific for China with the Olympics coming up and it will be excellent for Dynamic
Media."

Recently, Dynamic Media announced that it has formally filed a Form SB-2
registration for a $4,400,000 stock offering at a price of $2.00 per share, with
the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC").

This filing will allow Dynamic Media, Inc. to become a fully reporting company
whereupon the Company intends to immediately resume trading on the Over-the-Counter
Bulletin Board ("OTCBB").

About Dynamic Media, Inc.

Dynamic Media's strategy is to capitalize upon the immediate market opportunities

created by the popularity of entertainment and educational DVDs. With current
statistics showing one DVD Player in every 5 consumer homes with a dramatic
increase each year, the focus of the company is on the development of original
content and its marketing of DVD entertainment and educational programs. Dynamic
Media is one of the industry leaders in the development of DVD interactive
programming, which has been shown to dramatically improve teaching and learning and
will provide DVD entertainment for the next generation.

More on Dynamic Media, Inc. can be found at the company's website at

www.dynamicmediainc.com.

Statements contained in the news release that are not historical facts are
forward-looking statements as that term is defined in the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements are subject to
risks and uncertainties, which may cause actual results to differ materially
from expected results.
Contact: Theresa Corrado
Investor Relations
Dynamic Media
Phone: 1-215-981-1016
Fax: 1-215-636-0162
MAKE YOUR OPINION COUNT - Click Here

http://tbutton.prnewswire.com/prn/11690X60700326("http://tbutton.prnewswire.com/
prn/11690X60700326")

/CONTACT: Theresa Corrado, Investor Relations of Dynamic Media, +1-215-981-1016,

or fax, +1-215-636-0162/ 08:06 EDT

DENVER, Sept. 21 /PRNewswire/ -- Pegasus Technologies is pleased to announce that

they entered into an exclusive agreement with Alstom Power Customer Services China
for the Power Perfecter product.

"We are delighted to be chosen as the neural network software provider for
combustion optimization for Alstom Power Customer Services in China," said Gary
Nicholson, CEO of Pegasus Technologies.

"After signing the memorandum of understanding with Pavilion earlier this year, we
are now very happy to have signed the agreement with Pegasus," said Bob Henderson,
General Manager of Alstom Power Customer Services in China. "The Pegasus
application knowledge, combined with the Power Perfecter product will allow us to
deliver a superior solution to our clients in China."

The agreement is expected to result in sales for two Power Perfecter units in 2001
and seven units in 2002. Installations are expected to increase the efficiency of
the power plants reducing coal consumption and the output of NOx, and C02
emissions.

Alstom has the largest fleet of foreign manufactured installed equipment in China,
whose Grid of 300,000MW is one of the largest in the world.

About Pegasus/KFX
 Pegasus Technologies, Inc. is the industry leader in neural network based IT
applications, for the power generation market. The NeuSIGHT(TM) and Power
Perfecter(TM) suite of combustion optimization applications from Pegasus reduce
emissions and increase efficiency of fossil fueled electric generating units. The
Pegasus Technologies web site address is http://www.pegasustec.com. Pegasus
Technologies is majority-owned by KFx Inc. (Amex: KFX - news). KFx provided total
fuel solutions for the power industry. Its patented K-Fuel(R) process converts low
heating value coal into clean, high-energy fuel. KFx's web site address is
http://www.kfx.com.

MAKE YOUR OPINION COUNT - Click Here

http://tbutton.prnewswire.com/prn/11690X53426426

/CONTACT: Ted Venners for Pegasus Technologies, Inc., +1-303-293-2992/ 12:26 EDT

News; International
China Contends U.S. Pilot Responsible for Collision With Chinese Fighter Jet

STEPHEN FRAZIER, CNN ANCHOR: Just before we broke away for the commercial we
showed you that animation issued by the Chinese government, their version of the
crash between our EP-3 spy plane and a Chinese interceptor sent up to track it.
Still no commitment from China to return that U.S. plane. But, at least today the
subject was brought up.

And it was discussed, and the White House says talks between American and Chinese
officials will continue. The White House is describing today's discussions in
Beijing as businesslike. The Chinese are calling their session "very frank." It
is not clear, at this point, when talks will resume.

A meeting was set for Monday. That was postponed, though, to give officials more
time to prepare for their next face-to-face meeting. Let's get more developments
now, including a discussion of that animation from CNN military affairs
correspondent Jamie McIntyre at the Pentagon -- Jamie, thank you for joining us.

JAMIE MCINTYRE, CNN CORRESPONDENT: You are quite welcome. Well, Stephen, at that
meeting of course the Chinese presented their evidence that they say this collision
that happened on April 1st was the fault of the U.S. And part of that evidence was
an animation that they put together: Their account of what they say happened.

They say that it -- that the plane, the U.S. plane, suddenly veered to the left,
hitting the Chinese fighter. U.S. officials say that's just not the way that it
happened. And labeled this animation, a cartoon. In the battle of the videotapes,
China also returned fire, claiming that some videos that it has taken of U.S.
pilots over the last year or so intercepting Chinese planes show that American
pilots are guilty of the same aggressive flying that the Pentagon is accusing China
of conducting.

The pentagon spokesman Craig Quigley today said that was nonsense.

(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)

 CRAIG QUIGLEY, PENTAGON SPOKESMAN: The starting point of the video that they
showed indeed showed the U.S. aircraft at a what we would consider a prudent
distance from the Chinese aircraft. And that's all that we are asking for in this
case, is prudent, nonaggressive, non threatening flying to come out and the have a
look and see who is out there and what we are doing.

(END VIDEO CLIP)

The Pentagon insists in those videotapes that the U.S. pilots were not doing any
of the hotdogging or coming so close to the planes as was seen in the Chinese
videos. Meanwhile, the U.S. is considering when and how to restart the
surveillance flights that have halted since the April 1st accident. And Pentagon
sources sat that the big sticking point is whether or not those planes should have
escorts.

The military leadership here isn't really in favor of sending up escort planes.
They think it sets a bad precedent and may even decrease safety. But there is some
feeling that if China is going to take a hard line, the U.S. needs to show it's
willing to protect the planes, so a compromise is being worked up under which U.S.
F-15s flying out of the same air base, Kadena Air Base in Okinawa, would stay up at
the same time as the surveillance planes, but some distance away, ready to keep a
watchful eye on what is going on, and perhaps move in if they had to.

But the big problem, Pentagon officials say, is what would the planes do? They
can't be shooting down a Chinese fighter plane. They say that the real problem is
that China has to acknowledge that this is a safety-of-flight issue, that the
Chinese need to conduct themselves in a safe manner. After all, it was the
Chinese pilot who lost his life in this confrontation -- Stephen.

FRAZIER: Jamie, thank you, but don't go away, please, because you have triggered
some questioning on the part of our viewers who are answering our live chat
opportunities. Here is the first one for you, Jamie. "When will the United Sates
resume surveillance flights?" You hinted at that in your story.

MCINTYRE: Well, it could be as soon as early next week. But again, first they
have to resolve of the question of whether or not to send up escort flights.
That's a logistically difficult thing to do, to keep the fighter planes up there
flying at the same time. It requires refueling planes to be in the air. It's not
something the Pentagon is recommending but it's willing do that if that is what the
civilian leadership thinks is necessary to send the right signal to China.

FRAZIER: More viewers sending in questions for you now in our live chat, Jamie,
and until we get to that let me ask you one -- here is another one, right here now:
"With the evidence of the videos, how can the China government not recognize who's
at fault?

MCINTYRE: Well, of course, one of the
denial here, but they still insist that
not one plane turned into the other, is
these surveillance flights, which China
sending their fighter jets up.
problems is, China is a little bit of
the real cause of the accident, whether or
the question that the U.S. was conducting
says are provocative. Provoking them into

So, from their point of view, they think the real cause is these flights in the
first place, so they're asking the United States to cease those flights or at least
move them away. The U.S. insists it has a perfect right to fly in the airspace.
You can also see in these videos how the Chinese planes, particularly in some of
the videos, can be seen much closer to the U.S. planes, even between the propellers
of the plane, and the U.S. says that that clearly shows that they're not at a safe
distance away -- Steve.
 FRAZIER: And it makes you wonder, Jamie, which has more power as documentation of
the truth: a video or an animation, which is sort of an artist's creation. Jamie
McIntyre at the Pentagon. Thank you for filling us in, Jamie. We will talk to you
later about this.

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from CNN so long as they provide conspicuous attribution to CNN as the originator
and copyright holder of such material. This is not a legal transcript for purposes
of litigation.

SHANGHAI, China--(BUSINESS WIRE)--May 22, 2001--ChinaLOOP, a leading technology

company announced immediate availability of IntegraLOOP, a customer relationship
Platform developed in Chinese that integrates customer data, delivers tools for
direct interaction with customers, remembers their responses and incorporates this
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As IntegraLOOP has been developed and built for the Chinese market, the platform
offers many features available for the first time in China. One such compelling
feature is de-duplication of information entered in Chinese. Marketers will no
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Interact - direct mail, email, SMS using advanced personalization

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Analyze - understand, learn, target future communication

Leverage data - access to large ChinaLOOP behavioral database to

grow customer base

IntegraLOOP consists of tightly integrated modules that form the core of the
platform. Together these modules help marketers get one single view of their
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LOOPintegration- build & integrate consumer information

LOOPanalysis - learn about your consumers and your interactions

LOOPinteraction- through Direct Mail, email, SMS and surveys

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visualize and understand through spreadsheets, charts and

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LOOPdata - use ChinaLOOP database to grow customer base

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Architecturally, IntegraLOOP is one of the most flexible and open platforms. It

provides backward compatibility with leading database e.g. Oracle, Sybase, Informix
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for ChinaLOOP's IntegraLOOP platform varies depending on combination of users and
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About ChinaLOOP

ChinaLOOP is the leader in customer relationship management providing a complete

Data Marketing Network in China, bringing together a powerful interactive platform
and access to a behavioral database of over 7 million Chinese consumers to
communicate with. The business is founded on a simple principle - to provide a
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ChinaLOOP has a skilled team with expertise in marketing, research, data

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NOTE TO EDITORS: For additional information call us at 86 (21) 2402 8355, email
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IntegraLOOP, ChinaLOOP and the ChinaLOOP logo are either registered trademarks or
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CONTACT: ChinaLOOP Ujwala Prabhu, 86-21-2402 8355 ext. 304 press@chinaloop.com

06:01 EDT MAY 22, 2001
WORLD
CHINESE BOY WINS A MILESTONE COURT BATTLE IN CHINA HE SUED A LOCAL HEALTH
DEPARTMENT THAT GAVE HIM AIDS

Li Ning, a quiet 10-year-old with a shy smile and a buzz cut, fell off the roof of
his home five years ago and was rushed to a hospital. The medical staff saved his
life, but gave him a blood transfusion tainted with the virus that causes AIDS.
Since his infection, Li's school has expelled him, his neighbors have moved away
and other children throw rocks or run away when they see him.

Li has fallen victim to an AIDS crisis that the Chinese government denies, an
epidemic that spread quickly through the blood supply in the early 1990s and, by
some estimates, has infected hundreds of thousands of people. Some were infected by
transfusions; many others, by government-owned businesses that paid poor farmers to
donate blood and used unsafe procedures to collect it.

The government has tried to cover up the outbreak, blocking investigations by

health care workers, ignoring pleas of villages where many people are dying and
forbidding local journalists to report on the situation. But in Xinye County, a
remote collection of villages in central Henan province, little Li Ning found a way
to force local officials to accept some responsibility: He took them to court.

In an extraordinary decision late last year, a judge in Nanyang ordered the Xinye
County Health Department to pay Li Ning about $47,000. That's a fraction of what it
would cost to treat him, but the settlement is a milestone in a country where the
courts have long been subservient to the Communist Party.

"We worried about losing the lawsuit, because we knew only power or money could
help us, and we had neither," said Wen Haifeng, Li's mother.

A decade ago, it would have been unthinkable for an ordinary person to sue the
Chinese government. But years of government trumpeting about legal reforms and the
rule of law have convinced many Chinese that they have legal rights, that they can
turn to the courts for help and that even the government can be held accountable.
Exposure to Western legal concepts in movies and books has reinforced this emerging
consciousness.

The number of civil cases filed in China more than doubled in the past decade and
jumped by a third last year, to 4.7 million. As the Chinese take to the courts, the
centuries-old view of the law as an instrument of control and discipline is giving
way to a new notion: the law as a guardian of individual rights and a check on the
power of government officials.

Li Ning is one of at least five children infected by the AIDS virus in different
parts of China who have filed suits seeking compensation from hospitals, blood
collection stations and health departments. But if these cases suggest that a new
tool to seek justice has emerged in China, they also demonstrate how imperfect that
tool is. The Chinese legal system remains stymied by poorly written laws, corrupt
and incompetent judges and the party's refusal to grant courts more authority over
bureaucracies.
Four of the children have won judgments or settlements after arduous court battles,
but none in amounts approaching what they need to cover medical expenses. Only Li
has received any money, and even then, only about half the sum the health
department was ordered to pay.

"There's little hope we can get the rest," his mother said.

Li was 5 when he received three-quarters of a pint of blood at the Xinye County

People's Hospital in February 1996. His condition worsened a month later, and he
was rushed to a Nanyang hospital. Doctors ran more tests and discovered Li had
contracted the AIDS virus. Like many Chinese, Li's parents knew little about AIDS.
They had heard only that it was a deadly illness of the sexually promiscuous. "No
one around here had ever had it, and all we knew was that it was horrible and
incurable," said Li Suijian, the boy's father.

"My husband and I were dumbstruck, and we cried for several days," Wen added. "My
first reaction was, there was no way for us to go on. We even thought about killing
our child and then ourselves."

Then the couple began looking for answers. They visited the local blood collection
station, sought help at the county health department, which owned the blood
station, and appealed to the county's epidemic prevention center. They tried
government offices in Nanyang and in the provincial capital nearly 200 miles to the
north in Zhengzhou.

"All we got was, 'It's not our concern,' or 'We'll look into the case. Go home and
wait,' " Wen said.

The state-run media, too, were unwilling to report the story.

But when Li Suijian called the consumer rights hot line of Chinese Central
Television in Beijing, two reporters showed up and taped a segment. Suddenly,
county officials wanted to talk to the family. The couple agreed to withdraw the
interview, and the county promised to pay about $18,000 to cover Li Ning's medical
expenses.

Then the family learned it might cost $50,000 a year to treat Li Ning, including
the expensive AIDS cocktail that Western doctors often prescribe. Life was getting
more difficult. The factory where Li Suijian worked had shut down, and Li Ning was
being ostracized. His classmates' parents forced the school to expel him.

Li's parents cannot remember who first suggested they sue the government, but soon
they were searching for an attorney willing to take their case. All declined to
help, saying the case was too difficult.

Finally, the couple was introduced to Zhang Qian, a law professor and lawyer in
Zhengzhou who agreed to represent Li Ning for free. He knew the odds were against
them.

There is no medical malpractice law in China, and lawsuits against hospitals and
other health care agencies are particularly hard to win. Judges lack the power to
independently investigate malpractice complaints. Instead, they rely on the
findings of committees of medical experts that the government convenes.

According to several lawyers in the field, the experts on these committees often
have close ties to the defendants. Another problem is that Chinese law is unclear
about whether patients carry the burden of proof in malpractice suits or hospitals
should be required to prove they acted properly. The issue is critical because
hospitals sometimes destroy, falsify or refuse to turn over medical records.

The judge concluded there was no other way Li Ning could have been infected,
because both his parents tested negative for the virus that causes AIDS.

Li's lawyer asked for damages of $1.34 million -- his estimate of minimal medical
expenses for 42 years, plus $61,000 for psychological harm.

The first judge to hear the case apparently agreed, awarding Li Ning only $13,800,
the value of the assets of the health department's blood station, which had already
shut down. Li appealed, and a higher court offered the family a settlement of about
$47,000.

"We think we deserved more, but we had to settle the case," Wen said. "The judge
told us if we didn't accept it, he would just uphold the first judge's decision."

The county health department has paid Li Ning about $24,000. The family has asked
the court to force the county to pay the rest, but in China, parties in lawsuits
often ignore court rulings.

Li's parents have given up on getting the best treatment for their son in Beijing.
Instead, they are paying for experimental Chinese medicine in Zhumadian, about 90
miles east of Nanyang. Li's father remains unemployed and spends his days begging
government officials for money for his son. Wen sells shoes on the street, making a
dollar a day if she is lucky. The family relies on relatives for food.

Li Ning's condition is stable and, except for swollen lymph nodes, he appears
healthy. But he spends most of his time at home, watching educational videos in the
morning, playing chess with his father in the afternoon. His parents want to get
him back in school, but they have no plans to sue to make it happen.

GUANGZHOU, China--(BUSINESS WIRE)--March 7, 2001--China Southern Airlines

(NYSE:ZNH) (HKSE:1055), the largest airline in The People's Republic of China,
announced that it has formalized a new code-share pact with China Yunnan Airlines
between Guangzhou and Kunming.

The new aviation pact between China Southern Airlines and China Yunnan Airlines is
the first-ever domestic code-share arrangement between two Chinese airlines.

It is also the fifth airline code-share alliance for China Southern Airlines, as
China's largest airline currently has international agreements with Delta Air
Lines, Asiana Airlines, Japan Air System and Vietnam Airlines.

Together, China Southern Airlines and China Yunnan Airlines currently carry more
than 80% of the passenger market share between Kunming and Guangzhou and "the new
code-share arrangement will give passengers added conveniences, offering flexible
ticket fares adaptable to the increasing market demand. This is an important
business agreement based upon mutual sincerity and faith, without any involvement
in current consolidation of Chinese airlines," said Mr. Li Kun, vice president of
China Southern Airlines.
 Mr. Li explained that China Southern Airlines currently operates 19 flights per
week between Kunming and Guangzhou, and China Yunnan Airlines offers 18 flights per
week. Combined, the two airlines have more than 7,600 seats available to the public
each week.

After the code-share pact is implemented, the two carriers' flight frequencies
will increase to a combined 4 - 6 flights per day.

"We are confident that the new joint cooperation will lend itself to expansion to
other routes that both airlines operate," added Kun.

Currently, China Southern Airlines operates with its airline code CZ. China Yunnan
Airlines is also known as 3Q.

After the code-share arrangement, China Southern Airlines' code-share flights

between Guangzhou and Kunming will be coded as CZ3Q, and China Yunnan Airlines as
3QCZ. The two carriers will also unify airfares and co-op marketing, offering the
same high-quality service to each other's passengers.

Mr. Li added, "There is no doubt that the market demand between Kunming and
Guangzhou will continue to grow. This pact between China Southern and China Yunnan
is just good business for both organizations."

Ranked No. 1 in passengers carried in China for the past 22 years, China Southern
Airlines (www.cs-air.com/en("http://www.cs-air.com/en")) connects more than 80
cities around the globe. Major business and vacation destinations served in China
include Beijing, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Guilin, Hong Kong, Kunming, Shanghai, Shenzhen
and Wuhan, as well as international service, including Amsterdam, Bangkok, Hanoi,
Ho Chi Minh City, Kuala Lumpur, Jakarta, Los Angeles, Melbourne, Osaka, Penang,
Phnom Penh, Seoul, Singapore and Sydney.

CONTACT: China Southern Airlines Jeff Ruffolo, 949/706-6789 RuffoloPR@aol.com

18:41 EST MARCH 7, 2001

BEIJING -- China's government has approved a long-awaited breakup plan for China
Telecommunications Group, in an effort to spur competition in the Chinese
telecommunications industry, a state-run newspaper said Tuesday.

The plan will split China Telecom into a northern unit, comprising 10 provincial
networks, and a southern company with 21 provinces, the China Daily said. The
northern firm will merge with China Netcom Corp., a data-communications company,
the newspaper said, quoting Ministry of Information Industry sources that it didn't
identify.

The State Council, China's Cabinet, recently approved the breakup, the newspaper
said. The protracted wrangle over China Telecom's restructuring had delayed the
former monopoly's plans to sell shares on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange and created
uncertainties about the future shape of China's telecommunications industry.
 China Telecom had planned to raise between $5 billion to $6 billion in an initial
public offering on the Hong Kong and New York stock exchanges. This would have been
the second major overseas initial public offering by a Chinese company this year.

The China Daily didn't say which of the two firms would eventually go public.
Analysts had previously said the southern unit is the more likely candidate.

One of the new China Telecom companies is also expected to eventually receive a
license to offer mobile-phone services, although the China Daily report didn't
mention that issue.

Also in the pipeline is the planned overseas IPO of the Bank of China's Hong Kong
and Macau operations. That deal, estimated to raise between $2 billion and $5
billion, is "extremely unlikely" to be launched before the end of the year, a
person familiar with the preparations said.

All Rights Reserved.

China 's Cosmetic Fever : Political restructuring and exposure to Western trends
are having a dramatic impact on the Chinese cosmetic market.(Brief Article)
(Statistical Data Included)

CHINA'S GROSS cosmetic sales could reach U.S. $9.7 billion by 2010, and the
industry is expected to grow at 13 percent annually. Cosmetics are popular with
China's ever-growing fashion-conscious crowd who aspire to the modern American
lifestyle. After a half century of isolation under the Communist Party, the Chinese
are desperate to catch up. The American Dream may be frayed at the edges, but the
Chinese still want the amenities associated with it.

Even though China's domestic cosmetic industry is growing, it faces daunting

competition from several foreign brands. Industry watchers believe the key to
capitalizing on opportunities in the Chinese consumer goods market is the
distribution of products in such a vast nation. This fact is indisputable, but good
distribution strategies must be implemented hand-in-hand with attention to
differing consumer needs, disposable income, and marketing. Within the area of
distribution, local manufacturers and international brands face the same problem
from two different angles: They are as yet unable to be present across China.
However, this is beginning to change.

Throughout the 1990s, foreign investors introduced a total of U.S. $300 million
into China's cosmetic industry, and 450 foreign-invested cosmetic enterprises have
been established.

This international presence includes multinationals such as Procter & Gamble

(U.S.), Uni-lever (UK), Henkel (Germany), and Shiseido (Japan). Avon, the first
direct-sales company in China, has 85,000 agents spread across every region except
Tibet, racking up sales of $68 million in 1996. A year before, Mary Kay opened its
first cosmetic plant outside the U.S. in Hangzhou. Demand has been so keen, the
Texas-based firm already has broken ground on a new China factory, 15 times larger
than the first one.

The twenty-something's at the heart of these cosmetic companies' target audience

have both the appetite for fashionable products and a growing earnings potential.
In positioning themselves as global rather than U.S. companies, these foreign
brands are taking the lead in China, capturing more than 10 percent of the cosmetic
market to date, to the detriment of domestic brand market share. Marketing is the
key to success for these companies, while strong product design and the cachet of
being from overseas strengthen their appeal.

Moreover, the steady flood of smuggled and illegally manufactured cosmetics

continues to damage the profits and reputation of China's legitimate cosmetic
makers.

Providing the political status quo continues to accept the broadening foreign
influence reinforced by key U.S. cosmetic players' slick branding and marketing
campaigns, the Chinese market looks set to offer ever-increasing opportunities for
profit and a clear path for international expansion by U.S. firms.

CHINA COSMETICS & TOILETRIES MARKET VALUE

(U.S. $ millions)
Category 1995 1996 1997 1998
Fragrances 78 99 118 134
Hair care 572 719 868 973
Makeup 274 351 431 488
Male toiletries 42 49 51 52
Oral hygiene 416 513 533 560
Personal hygiene 111 126 135 135
Skin care 1,279 1,624 1,944 2,170
Overall 2,772 3,481 4,080 4,512
Category 1999 2000 CAGR
Fragrances 152 170 16.9%
Hair care 1,104 1,235 16.6%
Makeup 558 628 18.1%
Male toiletries 55 58 6.6%
Oral hygiene 599 638 8.9%
Personal hygiene 141 147 5.7%
Skin care 2,455 2,741 16.5%
Overall 5,065 5,617 15.2%
Source: Datamonitor
FRAGRANCE MARKET FORECAST
(U.S. $ millions)
Country 2000 2005 CAGR
Argentina 217.5 250.4 4.0%
Brazil 790.8 1053.9 7.1%
Chile 101.6 135.2 7.8%
Colombia 236.9 321.2 8.8%
Mexico 392.3 581.7 10.5%
Peru 109.2 156.3 9.9%
Venezuela 181.0 259.8 10.2%
Total 2029.3 2758.5 8.3%
U.S. 6555.6 7128.4 1.8%
Source: Datamonitor fragrance database, local trade interviews.

FULL TEXT
 GUANGZHOU, China--(BUSINESS WIRE)--May 17, 2001--China Southern Airlines
(NYSE:ZNH) (HKSE:1055), the largest airline in the People's Republic of China,
announced that it is now offering group package e-ticketing from a new Chinese Web
page at eticketgroup.cs-air.com.

After selling the first e-ticket -- ever -- in the People's Republic of China on
March 28, 2000, China Southern Airlines has expanded its Internet offerings by
selling group e-ticketing. China Southern Airlines offers online Internet seat
booking, cargo tracking, Sky Pearl Club frequent flier programs and individual
travel history services.

China Southern Airlines is the only airline in China to offer either group e-
ticketing or this full range of consumer-driven services.

"E-ticketing equates to total consumer travel freedom from the headaches of

dealing with printed tickets, mailing tickets, delivering tickets, while increasing
our profitability," said Wang Changshun, president, China Southern Airlines.

Package group e-tickets are designed specifically for travel providers and
organizers. Clients can have all prices matched and their travel expense calculated
on the new e-commerce Web site of China Southern Airlines at eticketgroup.cs-
air.com after making their seat booking through the CRS or Internet booking
systems.

Package e-tickets are available when online payment is completed. Clients can then
keep their booking conformation records safely stored in their computers or print
out for added security -- as well as receiving a valid receipt of their purchase at
the airport or from China Southern Airlines.

Wang explained: "An electronic ticket costs 10 percent of the cost of a paper
ticket. E-ticket transactions and bank processing is completed immediately when the
customer completes the sale of their airline ticket. Risk is reduced, costs are
saved for the airline and the consumer is protected when their purchase is made
online via a major credit card.

"Additionally, the airline can offer a discounted electronic ticket price to the
passenger. These and other special services China Southern will be offering to
encourage the use of electronic ticketing."

Wang added, "China Southern Airlines will begin offering e-ticket passengers
special boarding-card services, increased carry-on baggage and free VIP waiting and
boarding service."

He admitted that although special governmental policies and laws are still badly
in need of development in China, China Southern Airlines insists on improving its
Internet technological customer services. "We believe that in the era of instant
communication and the Internet, an entire revolution of airline sales will happen
in Chinese e-commerce," concluded Wang.

Named the Best Airline in China by SKYTRAX, China Southern Airlines (www.cs-
air.com-- Chinese) (www.cs-air.com/en("http://www.cs-air.com/en")-- English)
connects more than 80 cities around the globe. Major business and vacation
destinations served in China include Beijing, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Guilin, Hong
Kong, Kunming, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Wuhan; international service includes
Amsterdam, Bangkok, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Kuala Lumpur, Jakarta, Los Angeles,
Manila, Melbourne, Osaka, Penang, Phnom Penh, Seoul, Singapore and Sydney.

For China Southern Airlines reservations and information, contact your local
travel agent.

CONTACT: China Southern Airlines Jeff Ruffolo, 909/734-6141 909/734-6146 (fax)

RuffoloPR@aol.com (e-mail) 10:44 EDT MAY 17, 2001

GUANGZHOU, China--(BUSINESS WIRE)--July 30, 2001--China Southern Airlines

(NYSE:ZNH) (HKSE:1055), the largest airline in the People's Republic of China, is
pleased to announce its summer film fare with Mel Gibson and Helen Hunt starring in
the romantic comedy "What Woman Want."

China Southern Airlines is the only airline in China to offer a wide selection of
major Hollywood films as part of its in-flight entertainment service.

China Southern Airlines is also pleased to feature Juliette Binoche and Johnny
Depp in "Chocolat" and Academy Award winner Russell Crowe and Meg Ryan in the
action thriller "Proof of Life."

In addition, China Southern Airlines is proud to feature a special, full-length

documentary on the career of legendary Hollywood actress Sophia Loren.

Leading Chinese films include Arron Kwok and Norika Fujiwara in the action-packed
"China Strike Force" and Sylvia Chang and Josie Lee in the drama "Forever & Ever."

In-flight entertainment programming aboard China Southern Airlines has obtained

the permission from the State Copyright Bureau, passed the censorship of the PRC
Ministry of Culture and obtained all broadcast rights.

All in-flight movies on China Southern Airlines are bilingual and are available on
the airlines' Boeing 777-21B, 777-200, 757 and Airbus A320 service.

China Southern Airlines is also pleased to screen The Chinese World Humor
Collection -- a slate of special video collections featuring legendary Chinese
comedians Xiangsheng and Xiaaopin; The CSN Chinese Video Magazine; Chinese Sports
Report -- a global recap of the world of sport; Channel V with MTV-styled
programming provided by Star TV, featuring the hottest Asian and international Pop
and Rock artists and The CSN English Video Magazine featuring Classic Animal Tracks
from the BBC; Next Step by Discovery TV; Fashion TV and vintage Tom & Jerry
cartoons.

China Southern Airlines is proud to feature the Boeing 777, the most state-of-the-
art aircraft in the world. Each economy seat is equipped with an individual crystal
PTV screen with stereo headsets. Passengers aboard China Southern Airlines' Boeing
777 aircraft enjoy up to 11 channels of motion picture and informational
programming selections with private, fully adjustable video monitors.

All in-flight entertainment information is available in the new Southern Comfort

Magazine, China Southern Airlines' new entertainment and in-flight shopping guide
-- a bilingual, bi-monthly publication that stylishly reflects China Southern
Airlines' international reputation for excellence.

Published in both Chinese and English, Southern Comfort Magazine provides

essential information on the latest movies, TV shows and music entertainment
available on China Southern Airlines' modern fleet of Boeing 777, 757 and Airbus
A320 aircraft. In addition, Southern Comfort Magazine encompasses a comprehensive
guide of duty-free products available for in-flight sales on all international
flights.

With more than 60 pages, every issue of Southern Comfort Magazine combines high-
caliber copy, world-class photography and stunning layouts in an exciting and
dynamic mix.

Named the Best Airline in China by SKYTRAX, China Southern Airlines, www.cs-
air.com(Chinese), www.cs-air.com/en("http://www.cs-air.com/en")(English), connects
more than 80 cities around the globe.

Major business and vacation destinations served in China include Beijing, Chengdu,
Guangzhou, Guilin, Hong Kong, Kunming, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Wuhan, as well as
international service, including Amsterdam, Bangkok, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Kuala
Lumpur, Jakarta, Los Angeles, Manila, Melbourne, Osaka, Penang, Phnom Penh, Seoul,
Singapore and Sydney.

For China Southern Airlines reservations and information, contact your local
travel agent.

CONTACT: China Southern Airlines Jeff Ruffolo, 909/734-6141 Fax: 909/734-6146 E-

mail: RuffoloPR@aol.com 15:11 EDT JULY 30, 2001

China Xin Inks Deal With Chinese Economic Data Network

MONTREAL, CANADA, 2001 JUN 1 (NB). Montreal, Canada-based China Xin Network
(Canada) Inc. has inked a deal with a Chinese government agency that gives it
exclusive rights to sell English-language versions of the agency's national
economic data.

The China Economic Information Network (CEInet) publishes Chinese economic

information gathered nationwide by the State Information Center on the Internet.

China financial information provider China Xin Network said late on Thursday it
has inked a deal with CEInet by which it will have the exclusive rights to sell
English-language versions of these reports online.

In return, the Chinese government agency will take a 35 percent stake in China Xin
Network, the company said.
 China Xin Network CEO J.F. Amyot said the network's archives date back to 1949,
providing additional news and reports for the company's paying content clients.

Reported By Newsbytes.com, http://www.newsbytes.com("http://www.newsbytes.com").

07:08 CST

WIRES ASIA, ONLINE/

DEREK McGINTY, anchor: A Chinese river with a rich and troubled history is facing
a new crisis. Dams have helped control the flooding that has plagued the Yellow
River for centuries. Now, though, those dams are keeping water away from those who
desperately need it. David McGuffin of Canadian Television has more.

DAVID McGUFFIN reporting:

(VO) Farmer Chin's wheat fields are a short walk from the Yellow River, but to
irrigate his crops, he's having to use water from underground wells that are
rapidly going dry. Three years of drought and a new dam upstream have choked off
the water supply along these lower stretches of China's second largest river.
Water in the village is now being rationed. `It's become harder and harder to earn
a living,' he says, `We did manage to harvest one crop this year, but with the lack
of water, I'm not sure we'll get another one.'

The lack of water is really ironic. The Yellow is known as the river of sorrows
because of once regular floods that killed hundreds of thousands of people over the
past 2,000 years. Since the 1940s, hundreds of dams have been built to end the
flooding, they have worked too well, bringing a different kind of sorrow.

(OC) If this river were allowed to flow naturally, I'd be underneath 10 feet of
water right now. But the fact is that for most of the past 10 years, great
stretches of this river have even gone completely dry.

(VO) Shalong Ti (ph) is getting some of the blame. Critics say this latest and
biggest Yellow River dam, with a price tag of several billion dollars, is useless.

Unidentified Woman: (Through translator) It was built to control floods that no

longer happen and to generate electricity that no one is buying. Its true purpose
is as a cash cow for money-hungry politicians.

McGUFFIN: (VO) Others say it goes beyond useless and is actually the cause of
huge problems, holding back much needed water from tens of millions of people
downstream, forcing some cities to introduce water quotas. The dam's designer
stands by his project but admits water shortages are a serious problem. `If things
don't improve,' he says, `water will become a key factor in hampering the
development of the national economy in the 21st century.' But farmer Chin and his
fellow villagers might point out that the 21st century is now and so is the
problem. David McGuffin, CTV News, Henan Province, China.
 Hong Kong (Platts)-28Aug2001/109 am EDT/509 GMT China's magnesium industry sources
have mixed opinions on Chinese magnesium FOB China prices. An official from China's
Wenxi Yinguang Magnesium which has a 20,000mt/year of magnesium ingot output
capacity, said Tuesday recent prices have inched up leveling slightly above
$1,300/mt FOB China. "The increase is due to reducing supply as some factories have
decreased production owing to dwindling prices." An official from Xinlihua
Magnesium Powder Co concurred, saying export prices have increased by $30-50/mt to
level at about $1,330-1,350/mt FOB China from $1,300/mt quoted earlier this month.
However, a Chinese trader said he has recently stopped offering mangesium ingot. "I
have not received any order for two weeks even though our prices are offered at
$1,280/mt FOB China," he said.

TORONTO -(Dow Jones)- Noble China Inc. (T.NMO) has been advised by the Shandong
Provincial High Court, China, that the court intends to hear an about C$9.7 million
lawsuit filed by China Coast Property Development Ltd. against Noble China and
Shandong Noble Brewery Ltd.

In a news release, Noble China said China Coast Property is a company associated
with Noble China's former chairman, Lei Kat Chong.

The suit claims that Noble China failed to pay China Coast for the transfer of the
70% interest in Shandong Souguang Brewery Co. to Noble China in 1994, the company
noted.

Noble China said it has been advised that Shandong Noble Brewery, as a result of
insolvency, sold the brewery in 2000 and the sale proceeds were applied against
obligations of the brewery.

Noble China said it "fulfilled its responsibilities in the 1994 transaction and
has retained legal counsel in China to vigorously defend this suit."

Noble China has interests in breweries in China.

Company Web Site: http://www.noblechina.com("http://www.noblechina.com")

WORLD
US quickens China -Russia thaw Chinese news agency warned yesterday that US
missile shield plans could start an arms race.

When President Richard Nixon helped "open China," part of the aim was to counter
any alliance between the archrival Soviets, and China. Jokes and friendship toasts
between then-Secretary of State Henry Kissinger and Chinese officials in the 1970s
always included verbal jabs at Moscow.

In reality, mutual suspicions and animosity between Moscow and Beijing then were so
thick that a "Sino-Soviet" alliance never materialized. Yet today, a struggling
Russia and a rising China are now exploring a wide range of cooperative ties,
including closer military relations. The White House announcement Tuesday to design
and deploy a nuclear missile shield could accelerate this emerging comity.

In fact, by proposing to cut nuclear weapons stockpiles and abandon the traditional
concept of nuclear deterrence, the Bush administration may be introducing the most
significant geopolitical change since World War II.

The US plan comes at a time when relations between the "Bear" and the "Dragon" are
in their "most intensive phase in decades," according to a Russian Foreign Ministry

statement. Already, more than half of Russia's growing arms exports are to China, a
nuclear weapons state that sees its deterrent as devalued by the prospect of an
effective missile defense in the US.

Yesterday, China's Xinhua state news agency warned: "The US missile defense
plan ... will destroy the balance of international security forces and could cause
a new arms race."

Early this week, Russia and China announced a longterm "friendship and cooperation
treaty" to be signed when Chinese President Jiang Zemin visits his counterpart,
Vladimir Putin, in Moscow this July.

With the US threatening to withdraw unilaterally from the Antiballistic Missile

Treaty, the keystone of cold-war arms control, the message received in Moscow is
that Russia is no longer considered a strategic equal, but rather a second-tier
nuclear power such as Britain, France, or China.

"Our leaders have great difficulty accepting this, but the impact upon them is
purely psychological," says Andrei Piontkovsky, director of the Center for
Strategic Studies, an independent Moscow think tank. "We still have over 1,000
nuclear missiles, which would be more than enough to overwhelm the missile shield
the Americans are contemplating. Russian leaders should relax and concentrate on
the positive elements of Bush's message, such as the suggestion to slash strategic
offensive weapons."

Should China and Russia overcome their differences, geopolitics would be

significantly altered in the Pacific-Asia region, an area described by Ashley
Tellis of the Rand Corporation as "poised to become the new center of gravity in
international politics in the 21st century."

A serious Sino-Russian power block could in time challenge the US strategic and
military role in the region, backed by the US Pacific Fleet, which for many years
has provided security in East Asia. For that reason, the US missile plan is already
raising the level of concern among states like Japan and South Korea, experts say.
"There is some reluctance and some concerns, particularly [regarding] China," says
Masahi Nishihara, the president of the National Defense Academy in Yokosuka, Japan.
"But China will expand its nuclear positions anyway; they're simply using American
support for Theater Missile Defense [TMD] as their excuse for expanding it."

The US considers a smaller-scale shield for Japan as necessary to defend it, and US
forces based there, against a North Korean missile threat. China considers a TMD
shield as the first step in the remilitarization of Japan. It also worries that
Taiwan might get such a shield, according to Thomas Bickford, an Asia security
specialist at the University of Wisconsin.

Already, China purchases an estimated $2 billion worth of Russian military hardware

annually, intelligence reports say - and China may be negotiating secretly to
purchase Russian "stealth" destroyers that would give its small navy the capability
of sinking US aircraft carriers.

In practical terms, experts say, Russia and China have many embedded layers of
distrust to get past before building a real alliance. Moreover, Beijing may need to
buy weapons from Moscow, but most of its future talent goes to college in the
United States. And US firms like Ford, which last week signed a multibillion dollar
agreement to build a new plant in central China, continue to invest here.

"For all the talk of Sino-Russian comity, it's hard to see the Dragon and the Bear
entering into a close alliance. There's just too much geopolitical strain between
them," says Richard Baum, China specialist at the University of California at Los
Angeles. "Still, the more frosty grows the relationship between Washington and
Beijing, the more appealing will a cooperative strategic partnership appear....
Left to their own devices, China and Russia would never form a close alliance; but
with the US pushing China relentlessly into an adversarial relationship, the
Russian Bear must be looking a bit more benign to Beijing's leaders."

Relations between the US and China have been rocky for months. For most of the
first 100 days of the Bush administration, Beijing officials have wondered whether
the Bush team's early hard-line position of a "China threat" was simply campaign
sloganeering - or if it signaled a new confrontational approach.

Chinese leaders are cognizant of a pro-Japan emphasis in the new White House and
have spent considerable diplomatic capital to correct what they now feel is a clear
pro-Taiwan tilt by the US.

Beijing treats its policy of eventual reunification with Taiwan in almost orthodox
religious terms. Last week's multibil-

lion dollar US arms package for Taiwan, including submarines, was blasted
officially. Beijing is still not certain how to read Bush's statement that the US
would "do what it takes" to defend Taiwan. Such a comment goes far past the so-
called "strategic ambiguity" that most US leaders have relied on in dealing with
US-China-Taiwan relations, with the US keeping both sides deliberately unclear
about how far the Pacific Fleet would go to assist Taiwan, if it were attacked.

In Russia, official and independent experts alike are unhappy about the
implications of a US missile shield. "This is going to drive Russia and China
together," says Pavel Felgenhauer, a strategic analyst in Moscow.

Most experts don't consider China's current nuclear capability threatening enough
to require a missile shield deterrent. The People's Liberation Army is thought to
have 10 to 20 intercontinental missiles (each with only one warhead) at "Base No.
54" near the town of Luoyang, in central China's Henan province. How quickly the
Chinese plan to expand their nuclear arsenal is unclear.

Washington's stated purpose for the shield is to use it as a deterrent against

"rogue states" like North Korea, and secondarily to possibly defend allies.

In this sense, should the US develop missile-shield technology, and should Taiwan
be protected by it - a shield could counter some 300 short- and medium- range
missiles now reportedly deployed by the Chinese across the 90-mile strait
separating the mainland from Taiwan.

Some experts who predict a missile- shield program will create problems for the US
around the globe say the strategic calculations made by military planners looking
at the future capability of other states don't always account for the short- term
feelings and atmospherics that also play into how history is made.

Supporters say leadership requires making bold and controversial decisions. The
technology has advanced since the idea was first proposed under former President
Ronald Reagan, and it's better to prepare now for a missile threat, than wait until
it's too late, they say.

Staff writer Ilene R. Prusher in Tokyo, and Fred Weir in Moscow, contributed to
this report. (c) Copyright 2001. The Christian Science Monitor

ITASCA, Ill.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--May 24, 2001--USF Worldwide, the global freight

forwarding unit of USFreightways, announced that its USF Asia Group received its
Class A operating authority from the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic
Cooperation (MOFTEC) for its China subsidiary, USF Worldwide China, Ltd.

"The scope of the Class A license in China puts us in a distinct group of global
forwarders," explains John Gallahan, President and Chief Executive Officer of USF
Worldwide. "We are serious about helping our customers' meet their global logistics
needs. The ability for USF Worldwide China to receive its Chinese Class A license
in less than two years since opening offices in Asia exemplifies the depth of
knowledge, respect and strong relationships the management team has in China."

Peter T.C. Chow, CEO and President of USF Asia Group, Ltd., commented, "The Class
A license elevates the Company's China operations and service capabilities to a new
level, which allows us to better serve our growing base of global customers."

The Class A license gives USF Worldwide China the right to conduct international
air and ocean forwarding operations, for both import and export cargo in China. The
license gives USF Worldwide the authority to issue invoices and transact business
with its own personnel in China and deal directly with the air and ocean carriers.
It also allows USF Worldwide to provide additional services including cargo
solicitation, booking space, settlement of transportation expenses, warehousing,
cargo transfer, loading and unloading of containers, customs declaration, insurance
and related short-distance freight services and consulting business.

USF Asia operates 23 offices in 10 countries in Asia. The Company's China

headquarters is in Shanghai with offices in Qingdao, Beijing, Tianjin, Hangzhou,
Changzhou and Nanjing.

USF Worldwide provides domestic and international air freight forwarding for its
customers, which includes domestic services to points throughout the U.S., import
and export air and ocean services, customs house brokerage, and value-added
logistic services.

USFreightways (NASDAQ: USFC) provides comprehensive supply chain management

services, including high value, regional less-than-truckload (LTL) transportation,
logistics, domestic and international freight forwarding, and premium regional and
national truckload transportation. For more information, contact the Company at
www.usfreightways.com("http://www.usfreightways.com/").

CONTACT: USF Worldwide John Gallahan, 630/919-4806 11:37 EDT MAY 24, 2001

Hong Kong (Platts)-29Aug2001/440 am EDT/840 GMT Premiums for Australian aluminum

CIF China have remained steady and recently leveled at $60-65/mt over London Metal
Exchange cash, industry sources said Wednesday. "China is decreasing the aluminum
import for processing on the back of slow global demand," the trader said. Aluminum
buyers are waiting for a good time to consume as some still think the current price
level hovering above $1,400/mt are costly to buy. "China's aluminum domestic supply
remains quite sufficent and thus relies less on imports," he added. The first
trader said it was difficult to predict premiums' levels in the fourth quarter.
"This will have to depend on the aluminum prices movment on the LME," he added.
Premiums for Russian materials are heard at $45/mt over LME cash, CIF China.

BEIJING, Dec 24, 2001 (Xinhua via COMTEX) - China is expected to export a record
amount of 85 million tons of coal this year, about 27 million tons, or 31 percent,
more than last year, according to coal industry officials.

Experts attribute China's rapid increase in coal exports to increased coal import
by the Republic of Korea and Japan from China and the policy made by the Chinese
government to encourage coal export.

Improved quality of the export coal is also attributed to the increase.

After years of redundancy reduction and closing down thousands of small coal
mines, China's coal mining industry has turned deficit into profit for the first
time in years.

Copyright 2001 XINHUA NEWS AGENCY

 .

Mar 05, 2001 (FWN Financial via COMTEX) - SPOT NEWS LINKS:

London

CONTACT: Send comments to Softs@bridge.com

The bridge.com ID for this story is BPWCXPB The Bridge ID for this story is 03715

Sydney (Platts)-28Sep2001/529 am EDT/929 GMT China's domestic styrene price has

slipped by Yuan 250/mt ($30/mt) this week to close Friday at Yuan 5,300/mt ex-tank
Jiangyin, Nanjing, Nantong, Ningbo, Shanghai, Zhangjiagang and Zhenjiang, industry
sources said Friday. They attributed the slide to weak demand in the face of a long
national holiday from Sep 29 to Oct 7, and steep decline in the cost of naphtha and
benzene.

BEIJING, Dec 27, 2001 (Xinhua via COMTEX) - China welcomes the 11th meeting of
heads of state or government of the South Asian Association for Regional
Cooperation (SAARC) due to be held on January 4 to 6, 2002 in Nepal.
 Chinese Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Zhuang Qiyue made the comment in Beijing on
Thursday at a regular press conference.

Zhang said that China has been following the development of the SAARC, and holds
that cooperation of the South Asian countries helps improve regional development in
all areas, as well as being in the fundamental interests of all south Asian
nations.

She hoped that the meeting would enhance cooperation and trust and achieve
positive results.

Copyright 2001 XINHUA NEWS AGENCY

TAIPEI, Taiwan -- The cabinet Wednesday passed a bill to scrap the $50 million
ceiling on single-investment projects in China. The cabinet also decided during the
weekly meeting to simplify the review process for China-bound investments valued
below $20 million.

The move ended the "go slow, be patient" policy governing cross-strait investment,
which has been criticized by the business community as one of the main causes of
Taiwan's economic woes.

The cabinet also said it will allow direct dealings between the offshore banking
units of Taiwan and China and also is loosening restrictions on the total amount a
company can invest in China. Taiwan's government will allow companies to invest in
China up to 40% of funds they raise overseas.

The government will form a special task force to study which industries should
remain restricted from investing in China, said Lin Hsin-Yi, minister of economic
affairs. Mr. Lin said he hopes that the changes can be implemented in January.

The changes announced Wednesday were part of a list of suggestions made last
summer by an elite group of economic advisers to President Chen Shui-Bian. Mr. Chen
embraced the group's advice, and his economic advisers have spent the past two
months drafting the policy.

Supporters of the new trade policy have argued it will make Taiwanese firms more
competitive and possibly melt icy political relations. But critics have warned the
changes could make Taiwan dangerously dependent on the communist giant, which still
threatens to attack the island.

Many companies have argued that restrictions on investment in China are

handicapping them as trade becomes increasingly globalized. Mounting pressure from
companies, who say they need greater access to China's cheap labor and land, has
prompted the government to ease the restrictions.

Implementation of the plans will require amendments of the existing regulations.

Mr. Lin also said Taiwan won't invoke the World Trade Organization's exclusion
clause against China unless Beijing blocks Taiwan's entry. The exclusion clause
exempts a WTO member from having to apply WTO principles to another member.

Taiwan and China are expected to enter the WTO late this year or early next year.
But Taiwan officials have recently said the island could face some political
hurdles from China.

China has said it must enter WTO before Taiwan. Both are expected to be formally
approved for entry during the global trade body's weekend ministerial meeting in
Qatar.

In the meantime, Mr. Lin said that the planned task force will in principle meet
once a year to review which industries should remain prohibited from investing in
China.

All Rights Reserved.

NEW YORK--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Nov. 29, 2001--China's gold exchange market, the

Shanghai Gold Exchange (SGE), started simulated operations yesterday. The gold
exchange provides a platform for regulated operation of China's gold market to
develop from a planned economy to a market economy. This represents a milestone in
China's move towards gold market deregulation following the newly introduced
"Weekly Gold Pricing System" and the abolition of "Gold Products Retail License
System" by the People's Bank of China (PBoC). The Exchange will have a positive
influence on China's gold mining, trading and gold demand in the future.

The Shanghai Gold Exchange and the simulated operation was approved by the State
Council, in coordination with the People's Bank of China, the State Development
Planning Commission, the State Economic and Trade Commission, Ministry of Finance,
Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation, State Administration of
Taxation, State Administration of Industry and Commerce, General Administration of
Customs, other relevant ministries and departments, with the strong support of the
Shanghai Municipal Government.

The Exchange is located at No. 15, Zhongshan Dong Yilu, Waitan, Shanghai.

The SGE is a non-profit organization and a self-disciplined legal entity aiming to

concentrate gold transaction activities. The Exchange's daily operation will be
supervised by the PBoC. The basic function of SGE is to provide location,
facilities and related services for gold trading, to coordinate and supervise the
transaction, settlement, delivery and shipment of gold and other precious metals,
to determine a fair price for the commodities transacted in the Exchange and
publicize market information. SGE has 108 founding members including commercial
banks, gold mines, gold refineries, and gold jewelry manufacturers, mints, gold
import and export enterprises, and gold trading companies that meet the required
qualifications.
 SGE has adopted an electronic order matching system in accordance with the
principle that "the earliest best price in the queue gets matched". Under certain
circumstances, transactions can also be realized through other methods, such as
"proprietary asking system" for non-good delivery gold items. Members have
different options to link to the trading platform, either on-site transaction at
the Exchange or through on-line connections. At this early stage of operation, only
"physical" trading will be conducted at the Exchange. With the further enhancement
of the Exchange and its systems, and after the approval by the relevant authorities
of the State Council, "gold futures" trading may be introduced in due course. It is
anticipated that the Exchange will start the official operation early next year
after the trial operation period.

In order to ensure the smooth transition of the gold management system, PBoC will
run a two-tier system of gold market management during the early stages of trial
operation of the SGE. In other words, a certain proportion of gold
purchase/allocation business will still be carried out under the current PBoC
"purchase and allocation" system, mainly servicing some special requirements, such
as military and scientific research. In order to promote the continuous development
of the gold market, relevant management policies will be adjusted gradually based
on the evolution of the Exchange's operation.

CONTACT: World Gold Council, London Neville Wells, +44 20 7766 2758 Email:
neville.wells@wgclon.gold.org or Marston Webb International, New York Victor Webb,
212/684-6601 Email: marwebint@cs.com 14:04 EST NOVEMBER 29, 2001

HOUSTON--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Sept. 19, 2001--The following is an advisory by

Industrialinfo.com (Industrial Information Resources Inc; Houston, Texas). Despite
slowing global economies and decreasing chemical prices, the Chinese government has
decided to increase ethylene production. The State Economic Trade Commission
(Beijing, China) maintains that demand for ethylene in China will increase 8.5% per
year with an expected yearly demand of 15 million tons by 2005, an increase of 40%.
China produced 4.7 million tons in 2000 and plans to increase yearly capacity to 9
million tons by 2005. China's "Tenth Five-Year Plan" (2001-2005) for national
economic growth proposes that if China is successful in increasing its production
capacity, then 60% of the projected Chinese ethylene demand will be satisfied.

In order to achieve the goal of doubling production capacity, China is and will
continue to expand and add new production units. China Petrochemical Corporation
(SINOPEC) (Beijing, China) and Petrochina (Beijing, China), who are responsible for
80% of the ethylene production in China, will complete nine expansion projects at
existing chemical complexes totaling approximately 1.54 million tons per year in
additional capacity. These expansions are scheduled to come online between late
2001 through 2003. "There appears to be great optimism in the petrochemical market
of China. However, this push by China to increase production through foreign joint
ventures must be taken with caution," according to Stephen Rhoads, industry
specialist for Industrialinfo.com.

Additionally, China has recently opened their petrochemical market to foreign

investors. BP, BASF and Shell among others, have formed joint ventures with key
Chinese chemical producers to construct three grassroot ethylene complexes
producing over 2.3 million tons per year. These foreign investors have received
government approval and should begin construction by mid 2002.

Industrialinfo.com provides daily news related to the industrial market place

including industry alerts and databases for the energy and industrial markets. For
more information on trends and upcoming construction activities in the chemical and
pharmaceutical industry as well as other industrial sectors send inquiries to
chemicalsgroup@industrialinfo.com or visit us at
www.industrialinfo.com("http://www.industrialinfo.com/").

CONTACT: Industrial Information Resources, Houston Trey Hamblet, 713/783-5147

www.industrialinfo.com 05:00 EDT SEPTEMBER 19, 2001

REPEAT: Asia Fund View: Value Partners Cautious On China

HONG KONG -(Dow Jones)- Value Partners Ltd., a Hong Kong-based fund manager
specializing in China-related shares, said it hasn't completely reinvested its
portfolio in stocks after taking profits in April and May.

Taking a cautious approach, Value Partners said it still has around 10% of its
Value Partners A fund, estimated at US$50 million, "parked in cash and bonds."

"It takes time to reinvest the sale proceeds because as a long-term investor, we
would only buy after intensive research, and we're highly price-sensitive," Value
Partners Chief Investment Officer Cheah Cheng Hye said.

Anticipating a continued selldown in China B shares, Value Partners sold in April

and May all of its remaining holdings in the Shenzhen and Shanghai markets.

Value Partners had been taking profits on China B shares since prices surged after
Feb. 19, when China began allowing domestic retail investors to buy and trade Class
B shares, which previously were reserved for foreign investors. Cheah had been
investing in China B shares since 1993, long before the stocks gained popularity
among international investors.

Shenzhen and Shanghai markets remain positive. He noted that "liquidity

is abundant" in China, economic growth is strong, and the underlying
sentiment for the stock market remains bullish.

Many analysts are optimistic over China's future, largely due to the
heightened anticipation over the country's expected entry into the World
Trade Organization, and more recently, reforms in the stock market.
China's determination to double its total economic output in the decade
ending 2010 compared with the previous 10 years has added to the
enthusiasm.
Many analysts expect China's gross domestic product to grow an average
of 7%-8% in the next three years and likely expand further beyond that
timeframe. China's GDP expanded 8% in 2000.

The World Bank is also optimistic about China's growth prospects,

expecting the country to be relatively unscathed by the economic
slowdown in the U.S. and Japan.

However, Value Partner's Cheah noted that while the macroeconomic

fundamentals of China remain healthy, there is only a limited pool of
well-managed and profitable listed companies for investors to choose
from.

"There are relatively few good stocks to buy," Cheah said.

"Although the picture is improving, many of the listed Chinese

companies remain poorly managed, with insufficient regard for their
shareholders," he added.

Cheah said he isn't in a rush to reinvest in stocks the estimated 10%

currently held in cash and bonds and that investing in inexpensive
stocks with good growth potential remains his priority.

"Clearly, our job is to identify the best quality China plays and buy
them cheap, before others find them," Cheah added.
- - 27/08/01 04-57G

The fund manager's latest monthly report shows the Value Partners A
fund fell 5.1% in end-July from end-June in terms of fund price.

The fund, which is invested mostly in Hong Kong-listed companies that

do business in mainland China, had risen in each of the five previous
months, which has helped keep the fund up 45.1% in end-July compared
with end-December.

"Although the bulk of our portfolio is invested in China-related

stocks, we suffered much less than the overall market in July because of
our cautious approach," Cheah said.
Part of that cautious approach meant taking profits before the market
peaked.

Value Partners measures its performance against the Hang Seng Index,
which fell 18% to 12316.69 points by end-July from 15095.50 points in
end-December.

The five biggest holdings of Value Partners are fast food chain Cafe
De Coral Group Ltd. (H.CCG), electronics components maker Elek & Eltek
International Holdings Ltd., conglomerate Shum Yip Investment Ltd.
(Q.YIP), oil producer Petrochina Co. Ltd. (Q.PTA) and consumer
electronics maker Techtronic Industries Co. (H.TEC).

Rita.DeRamos@dowjones.com
-0- 27/08/01 05-22G

1166 62559

SHANGHAI, China, Dec. 3 /PRNewswire/ -- The closing price for the Xinhua/FTSE
China 25 Index (NYSE: FXT) for Monday, December 3, 2001 was 4,649.23. This was up
+0.32 percent from the previous day's close.

The FTSE/Xinhua China 25 Index ended marginally higher led by recovering oil
shares, despite US stocks ending last Friday mostly lower on slumping economic
figures, "analysts contacted by the Xinhua Financial Network said."

The Xinhua/FTSE China Index is a tradable index for international investors

seeking to track the prospects of the largest 25 companies in the People's Republic
of China. It is one of a series of indices jointly produced by Xinhua Financial
Network and the FTSE which is jointly owned by the Financial Times Group Ltd., a
unit of Pearson PLC and the London Stock Exchange.

FTSE/Xinhua Index Limited ("FXT") is a Hong Kong incorporated, joint venture

company between FTSE, the global index provider, and Xinhua Financial Network. The
company was created to facilitate the development of real-time indices for the
Chinese market that can be used as performance benchmarks and as a basis for
derivative trading and index tracking funds.

NOTE:

Beginning Monday December 3, 2001, PR Newswire will be sending the closing value
for the FTSE/Xinhua China 25 Index every business day. This index, a service of
the Financial Times and Xinhua Financial Network, is a new measurement mechanism
for tracking equities trends in the People's Republic of China, focusing on China's
top 25 companies. It is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol
"FXT." This information will be sent to you every morning by PR Newswire. Due to
the time differential you will be receiving the closing value and commentary for
that very day. For example, Tuesday morning's news release will have the closing
value for Tuesday as the trading day in the Far East has been completed.

/CONTACT: Karen Fang of Xinhua Financial Network, +852-3102-3939/ 05:29 EST

China welcomes WTO entry with anxiety although local banks still seen as dominant

Although China has pledged to allow foreign banks to conduct services in the local
yuan currency with local firms after 2 years and individuals after 5, foreign
bankers said that Chinese banks will continue to dominate those areas regardless of
their inefficiency and illiquidity, and that certain barriers will continue to make
it hard for foreign financial institutions to compete in China. China's leadership
welcomed formal acceptance into the World Trade Organization November 11, 2001, in
Doha, saying that the country's industries were prepared to face international
competition and that regulators will continue to overhaul laws affecting trade
until they are made WTO compliant.

Copyright 2001 Gale Group Inc. All rights reserved.

Three Chinese petrochemicals producers have issued profit warnings for the half-
year to 30 Jun. Yizheng Chemical, Shanghai Petrochemical, and Jilin Chemical
Industrial say operating margins have been hit by lower selling prices and higher
raw material costs. Jilin says it will post a loss in 1H because of an increase in
bad debts in the period. All three companies are listed on the Hong Kong stock
exchange.

Chemical and Engineering News, Vol. 79, No. 32

Copyright 2001 Gale Group Inc. All rights reserved.

Bayer has obtained a business licence to erect facilities in Shanghai to make PU

coating raw materials. Investment of $110 M will be required and the project will
comprise two plants. A $50 M plant will have an annual capacity of 11,500 tonnes of
polyisocyanates using either TDI or HDI as raw material. A $60 M plant will produce
HDI. Construction will begin in spring 2001.

SHANGHAI -- We are not authorized to publish this article provided by Bloomberg

News

http://www.americanbanker.com

Copyright 2001 Gale Group Inc. All rights reserved.

Chevron Phillips Chemical has decided not to proceed with an integrated chemical
complex in Lanzhou, China. A 600,000 tonnes/y cracker and downstream facilities had
been under study by Chevron and PetroChina since 1997. The plant would have been
competitive, but Chevron says it is too soon in the development of the region to
justify such a large facility. PetroChina is looking for other partners.

Chemical and Engineering News, Vol. 79, No. 22

National Blue Star Chemical Cleaning Corp. (Wuxi, China) has awarded Chiyoda a
contract to build a 25,000-m.t./year bisphenol A unit. The plant will be located at
Wuxi, and is scheduled for 2003 completion.

FULL TEXT
Successful Program Provides Leaders From China's Cable and Telecommunications
Industry the Opportunity to Study and Exchange Ideas
With Their U.S. Counterparts

DENVER, July 19 /PRNewswire/ -- The Cable Center and the University of

Denver, along with Encore International, today announced the commencement of
the second annual Chinese Executive Media Management Program (CEMMP), one of
the leading international fellowship training programs in the cable and
telecommunications industry.

The goal of the fellowship program is to provide Chinese media executives with a
thorough understanding of international business standards, management skills and
media know-how that can be applied to the explosive development of the cable and
telecommunication sectors in the People's Republic of China (PRC). The six-week
program includes four weeks of intensive study at the University of Denver followed
by two weeks of field trips during which fellows meet and train with top media
company executives and regulators in New York, Washington, D.C. and Los Angeles.

This year, the fellowship has expanded its reach to include participants from the
Ministry of Information Industries (MII) in addition to the fellows selected from
the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television (SARFT) and China Central
Television (CCTV).

"Between the MII, SARFT and CCTV, we are providing training to managers that
control the telecommunications, Internet and television industries in China. The
Cable Center is proud to work with the University of Denver and Encore
International to provide such an influential program to advance the landscape of
international media," said Jim O'Brien, president and CEO of The Cable Center.
"The Chinese Executive Media Management Program is a truly unique opportunity for
cable executives from divergent cultures to share experiences and learn about a
number of key aspects of the cable industry, which can be applied in future real-
world business situations."

The fellows are already attending classes at the University of Denver with clear
determination. As one fellow, Feizhou Wang, put it, "Since my responsibilities
cover the planning of CCTV's English Channel, I need training in the knowledge of
management and marketing. As China is adopting a market economy, the cable and
telecommunications industry is one of the businesses characterized by fierce
competition. I must learn quickly how to run a channel successfully both in terms
of content and finance. The CEMMP is an excellent opportunity for me."

"This is a great way for me to give back to both my industry and my home country,"
said John J. Sie, chairman of Denver-based movie channel powerhouse Starz Encore
Group (SEG) at a CEMMP welcome dinner at his home. Sie, a Chinese-American
originally from Shanghai, rose to prominence in the U.S. media industry as senior
vice president at Jerrold Electronics, Showtime, TCI and finally as chairman of
SEG, the largest cable programmer with 15 24-hour movie channels.

The CEMMP is made possible by a generous endowment from The Anna and John J. Sie
Foundation and is directed through The Cable Center's Magness Institute, the
leading worldwide, multidisciplinary institute for education and research on cable
telecommunications.

About the Cable Center

The mission of the Cable Center (www.cablecenter.org) is to develop and actively

promote educational, training, and research programs to address issues facing the
cable and telecommunications industry on a global basis, including management and
business skills development, workforce diversity, the development of breakthrough
programming and the communication of the contributions of cable television and its
leaders. The Cable Center, which will open its permanent Denver home in 2002, is
also dedicated to conserving and displaying the business, history, technology,
programming and leaders of the cable industry, and to highlighting the industry's
future role in the ongoing advances of telecommunications.

About Encore International

Encore International ("EI") develops television channels and programming for

international distribution, with a focus on Asia, and is the only foreign company
with a daily, ongoing block of international programming seen on China Central
Television. EI is an affiliate of Starz Encore Group, LLC, the largest provider of
cable networks in the United States. Encore International is 90 percent owned by
Liberty Media Group (Nasdaq: LMGa, LMGb) and 10 percent owned by JJS II
Communications, LLC.

About the University of Denver

The University of Denver, the oldest independent university in the Rocky Mountain
region, enrolls approximately 9,450 students in its undergraduate, graduate and
professional programs. Established in 1864, the University of Denver has a
longstanding tradition of learner-centered higher education.

MAKE YOUR OPINION COUNT - Click Here

http://tbutton.prnewswire.com/prn/11690X62470345("http://tbutton.prnewswire.com/
prn/11690X62470345")

/CONTACT: Doyle Albee, +1-303-298-9630, ext. 106, dalbee@strategicadvantage.ws,

or Dale Jones, +1-303-298-9630, ext. 102, djones@strategicadvantage.ws, both of
Strategic Advantage Public Relations, for The Cable Center/ 17:34 EDT

News
THE AFTERMATH: Congress may have to tiptoe on China issues Strong business
lobby: Trade between countries crucial, so other action may never happen. U.S.-
CHINA STANDOFF: PLANE'S CREW HERALDED

Washington --- China's 11-day detainment of a U.S. air crew and the continuing
custody of their reconnaissance plane have come at a delicate time in Congress,
which has long been frustrated by the Asian giant's Communist government.
 But even some of China's fiercest critics on Capitol Hill acknowledge that, aside
from heated rhetoric from both parties, Congress is unlikely to force President
Bush's hand on China-related matters in the weeks ahead. The business lobby is too
strong, they say.

Still, the spy plane incident is "going to embolden congressional opposition" to

China, especially on normalizing trade relations, Sen. Charles Grassley (R-Iowa),
chairman of the Senate Finance Committee, conceded after the release of the plane's
24 crew members last week.

Within days of the plane's emergency landing in Chinese territory April 1, a

resolution was introduced in Congress to reverse a pivotal vote taken last year
that cleared the way for China's entry into the World Trade Organization.

One of the sponsors was Rep. Charles Norwood (R-Ga.), who called it an "I told you
so" resolution. Norwood was one of the maverick GOP House members who opposed
permanent normal trade relations for China last year.

China has until June to join the WTO, a precondition for normal trade ties. China
has yet to complete the WTO process. Failing to do so in time would require a new
debate in Congress over a one-year extension of trade ties for China. And it is
unclear whether Congress would approve the extension in the current atmosphere.

"We must not become complacent in our dealing with China, which now more than ever
has proven that they are not only a strategic competitor but also an aggressor
nation," said Rep. Tom Tancredo (R- Colo.), a co-sponsor of Norwood's resolution to
revoke Beijing's trade privileges in U.S. markets.

But Rep. Tom Lantos of California, the top Republican on the House International
Relations Committee and a longtime critic of China, said the trade deal has enough
support to survive any fallout from the current standoff. "The business interests
are so powerful that it will prevail," Lantos said.

China has a quarter of the world's population, a vast pool of potential consumers
for U.S. products and services. Already, China is the fourth-largest trading
partner of the United States.

"We cannot ignore them, and they cannot ignore us," said John Foardd, vice
president of the U.S.-China Business Council.

But aside from trade, other issues pending on Capitol Hill will afford
opportunities for Congress to express its disapproval of China when lawmakers
return from their spring recess April 23.

A resolution sponsored by Lantos, and headed to the House floor, opposes China's
bid to host the 2008 Olympic Games if there are no improvements in China's human
rights record. The resolution won the approval of the House International Relations
Committee three days before the American plane was forced into an emergency landing
on Hainan Island in the South China Sea.

In addition, Democrats and Republicans are likely to try to pressure the president
to approve sophisticated defensive weapons to Taiwan. The island country, which
China regards as a renegade province, believes it is threatened by a mainland
invasion if it does not agree to unification with China.

A bipartisan group of 83 House members has written Bush in support of the sale to
Taiwan, including four sophisticated Aegis destroyers, an undetermined number of
submarines, supersonic HARM air-to-surface missiles, AMRAAM air-to-air missiles and
P-3 submarine patrol aircraft.

Taiwan's foreign minister said Friday that the Aegis system is not a must-have
item. But Tien Hung-mao also said his government wants "to maximize acquisition (of
weapons) at this time."

"Irrespective of this entire incident, the Bush administration should proceed with
arms sales to Taiwan based on defensive needs of that democratic island," said Rep.
Henry Hyde (R-Ill.), chairman of the House International Relations Committee.

Also pending are appointments to a congressional commission created last year to

monitor human rights in China. The commission was part of the compromise that got
normal trade ties for China passed last year. But so far, only Senate Democrats
have named their members to the House-Senate panel: Max Baucus of Montana, Byron
Dorgan of North Dakota, Dianne Feinstein of California and Carl Levin of Michigan.

Rep. Doug Bereuter (R-Neb.), who negotiated the creation of the commission, said
the reconnaissance incident should give "impetus" to getting House and Senate
Republicans and House Democrats to make their appointments.

"We need to move forward with the task force," he said. The conflict with China
"makes what we did and what our commission would do more important."

Also awaiting congressional action:

A House-passed resolution urging U.S. representatives to the upcoming United

Nations Human Rights Commission in Geneva to support a resolution calling on China
to end its human rights violations. The commission is expected to consider the
U.S.-backed resolution Wednesday.

House and Senate legislation to grant U.S. citizenship to Gao Zhan, an American
University professor now being held in China on spying charges.

"If China truly wants to be a part of the enlightened world, they need to behave
in the manner of an enlightened society," said Sen. George Allen (R-Va.), the chief
sponsor of the Gao citizenship measure.

> ON THE WEB: Human rights in China: www.hrichina.org/("http://www.hrichina.org/")

WASHINGTON, June 18 /U.S. Newswire -- "One of the best ways for America to help
Beijing prepare for war with the U.S. and Taiwan, and continue to wage war against
its own people, is to renew normal trade relations with China," said Steve Mosher,
one of the nation's leading authorities on Chinese domestic and military affairs.

Mosher, president of Population Research Institute (PRI) and the first social
scientist to study in rural China, said that "despite prompts from President Bush
to renew normal trade relations with China, the U.S. Congress must have the courage
to do otherwise."

Mosher said that a prevalent misconception -- promoted by those who rely heavily on
Beijing and foreign investment in China -- is that economic prosperity accomplished
through free trade will usher in a new age of democracy in China. "This paradigm
may hold true in a democracy, but in China the exact opposite is happening. The sad
fact is that under Beijing's one-party dictatorship, democratic freedoms have never
and will never follow on the heels of free trade," he said.

Mosher warned that "China is currently expanding the range of its autocratic reach
both internally and abroad. Funding for China's hegemonic expansion comes from
foreign trade.

"Without normal trade relations," Mosher said, "Beijing's commitment to unilateral

military build-up, and to strengthening domestic campaigns which violate the basic
human rights of the people of China, simply would not be possible."

Mosher urged the U.S. Congress to oppose normal trade relations with China, all
Americans to boycott goods made in China, and foreign investors to pull out of
China.

Steven W. Mosher is president of Population Research Institute, an organization

dedicated to ending human rights abuses in China. He is also author of Broken
Earth, A Mother's Ordeal, China Misperceived, and Hegemon: China's Plan to Dominate
Asia and the World.

KEYWORDS:

INTERNATIONAL, TRADE POLICY, GOVERNMENT

Contact: Vince Criste of the Population Research Institute, 540-622- 5240, ext.
206; e-mail, vince(At)pop.org

WORLD
China 's new balancing act ; China joins the WTO this weekend, as Beijing
reassesses its sphere of influence on the global stage.

After years of rapid economic development and mounting regional clout, China has
regarded itself as the preeminent Pacific Rim state if not the world's newest
superpower.

Yet in the wake of the Sept. 11 attacks, a major internal reassessment is taking
place among elites in Beijing.

Sudden geopolitical changes in Asia, the relative ease with which the US has
projected power into Central Asia, and tattered plans to keep Russia and even close
military ally Pakistan in a "China sphere" of influence have brought a more
realistic assessment of China's global position.

"The speed with which other nations - that China thought it half had in its back
pocket - lined up with the US has been a little shocking to Beijing," says a
European diplomat here, on customary condition of anonymity.

Sources say that Chinese leaders realize they must place political, economic, and
military resources on two fronts: In the far west, where they face terrorism and
Islamic radicalism on the Central Asian border; and in the far east, where they
face Taiwan - unruly democrats on an island China regards as a renegade territory.

Meanwhile, this two-front challenge comes as China is making a difficult and

largely uncharted move toward World Trade Organization (WTO) rules and standards.
On Saturday in Qatar, the WTO will formally approve China's membership. Reformers
here see entry as a long-term boon. But it will also require much domestic energy
and reform in China and possibly unleash destabilization in areas as different as
banking and agriculture.

"Even the Chinese don't know what will happen in WTO. It is a risk, and people here
have their fingers crossed," says a seasoned European diplomat in a different
embassy.

Damper on coalition-building

China has for several years been building a new Central Asian coalition. It has
extended military and technical help to Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan, and
last summer signed a friendship pact with Russia. Chinese President Jiang Zemin and
Russian President Vladimir Putin at one point were co-leaders of an effort to block
the Bush administration's proposed nuclear missile defense (NMD) plan.

Yet, since Sept. 11, Central Asian states have been eager to help Washington battle
terrorism, and President Putin has moved Russia closer to NATO and has backed off
much of his anti-NMD stance. The US overnight became a supporting partner of
Pakistan, a state that China helped with its nuclear and missile programs.

Ironically, perhaps, the Chinese perception of great-power status has in some ways
played off Washington in recent years.

When the Clinton administration decided to "engage" China in 1996, President

Clinton seemed to do so at the expense of China rivals Japan and Taiwan. His
controversial Shanghai speech, known here as "the Three No's" seemed to back away
from US support of Taiwan. Beijing took this as confirmation of its own preeminence
and rise, some experts say.

Beijing's larger shadow

Yet if China is scaling back its internal bluster, Beijing is pushing as never
before to become the dominant power in Asia. Under Deng Xiaoping, China, always a
continental power, began building to become a maritime power as well. Its
submarines now chart the ocean floors of East Asia. China has purchased Russian
destroyers. In the past decade, China has made enormous claims in the South China
Sea (where the spy plane incident occurred), outlining borders that protrude
hundreds of miles outward and down past Vietnam toward Malaysia.

China's east-coast ambitions bump up against states such as South Korea, Japan, the
Philippines, and Taiwan, all of which rely on the US Seventh Fleet for security.

In the west, creation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization - led by China and
Russia, and including Central Asian states - is China's attempt to gain some
control of an area not yet under a NATO or US-led umbrella and that poses genuine
security problems, based on Muslim solidarity and separatist tendencies in the
Xinjiang region.

Still, "it is one thing to say China has ambitions," says the first European
diplomat "It is probably intolerable to China that it doesn't completely control
its coasts. For that matter, it is intolerable that it doesn't control the Pacific
and isn't the leading power in the world. But it is another thing to have realized
that ambition."
"It is natural that every nation wishes to become a great power," says Liu Zinzhi,
professor of international studies at Beijing University. "Each wants development,
international prestige, and status. But [to] wish is one thing, and reality is
another."

At the same time, US-Chinese relations are much improved, at least for now.

US officials were instrumental in China's WTO accession, and last month at an

economic summit in Shanghai, President Bush told Mr. Jiang that his first overseas
visit since the Sept. 11 terrorist attack was to China, "because I want to show my
regard for your country." (c) Copyright 2001. The Christian Science Monitor

WASHINGTON, Sept. 17 /PRNewswire/ -- The United States-China Business Council has

welcomed news from Geneva that negotiators have taken the final substantive step
leading to Chinese membership in the World Trade Organization. Members of the WTO
Working Party on China's accession to the global trade body reached agreement
Monday on language defining the terms on which China will become a full member of
the WTO. Only procedural measures at the WTO and in Beijing, including
ratification of the accession documents by China's legislature, remain to be
completed.

Frederick W. Smith, chairman of the US-China Business Council and Chief Executive
of Federal Express Corporation, hailed the critical step taken in Geneva: "I speak
for the entire membership of our organization in congratulating U.S. Trade
Representative Ambassador Robert Zoellick and his negotiating team, Vice Minister
Long Yongtu and China's negotiating team, and all Working Party members for
completing this prolonged and difficult negotiation. For American farmers,
industries, services firms, investors, and consumers, the placing of our nation's
fourth-ranked trade partner firmly within the rules-based global trading system is
truly a historic milestone. Reducing Chinese trade barriers and opening key
segments of the Chinese economy to international participation, on the non-
discriminatory basis required of all WTO members, will be significant for virtually
all of the 225 corporate members of the US-China Business Council."

The Council's president, Robert Kapp, noted that resolution of all remaining
issues blocking China's entry into the WTO came against the background of last
week's horrifying events in New York and Washington. "The WTO negotiations have
consumed fifteen years," Kapp pointed out, "but they are now crowned with success.
This week's Geneva announcement is a vivid reminder of the possibilities for
enhanced US-China cooperation on issues of central importance to both countries.
Never has the need for cooperation between the United States and China, both
bilaterally and in the multilateral environment, been clearer. The two countries
must now work together, intensely and in good faith, to ensure that both nations
realize the maximum benefits from China's WTO participation."

"We believe that American business, the US Government, and China's trade partners
worldwide must work closely with China to strengthen the PRC's ability to carry out
its heavy new responsibilities under WTO rules," Kapp said. "At the same time, the
terms of China's accession are very specific, both as to goals and as to the time
granted to China to achieve those goals. The US business community will be both
optimistic and vigilant in this regard. The Chinese government has taken bold
action to bring China fully into the mainstream of world commercial life.
Americans should welcome China's commitments, and we will do what we can to make
this historic achievement a success."

MAKE YOUR OPINION COUNT - Click Here

http://tbutton.prnewswire.com/prn/11690X25137124("http://tbutton.prnewswire.com/
prn/11690X25137124")

/CONTACT: Robert A. Kapp of US-China Business Council, +1-202-429-0340/ 16:51 EDT

BUSINESS
CHINA : then & now A generation of change brings greater wealth and greater
disparities to the world's most populous nation; Deng's creed: `To get rich is
glorious' rules in China

A dozen years ago next month, a single protester in Tiananmen Square briefly
stared down a column of Peoples Liberation Army tanks.

That defiant image of the pro-democracy protests in Beijing, captured by news

cameras and disseminated around the globe, offered hope that China might be poised
to embrace political, as well as economic, freedoms.

But when idealism challenged the armor of Chinese communism, idealism became a
casualty. Within days, the pro-democracy movement was crushed.

In the months that followed the massacre of Tiananmen protesters, major trading
nations predictably condemned China's leaders. But in the years that followed,
those nations - including the United States - continued to do business with China.

As a result, China's relationship with the United States and U.S. businesses has
changed in ways that are subtle yet profound. The recent spy plane incident, the
accidental 1999 bombing by U.S. warplanes of the Chinese embassy in Yugoslavia and
sabre-rattling over U.S. arms sales to Taiwan all have inspired Chinese nationalism
with a distinctly anti-American flavor.

To understand today's tense relations between the United States and China, China
scholar Richard Bohr said, it is necessary to understand how a generation of young
Chinese effectively traded hopeful idealism for pragmatic consumerism after the
Tiananmen massacre.

"With our ideals of democracy and individual potential, we were the hero," said
Bohr, a professor at the College of St. Benedict in St. Joseph, Minn.

But former President Bill Clinton, who had highlighted human rights early in his
administration, unlinked human rights from most- favored-nation trading status by
the mid-1990s and U.S. firms began to rebuild commercial momentum in China, which
had slowed to a crawl after Tiananmen.

"I think by that time, most of the idealistic leaders of the Tiananmen protests
got totally turned off, and became disengaged in [efforts] to change China," Bohr
said. "They began to see that all we wanted was to do business - not to promote
democracy."

Market forces

Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping introduced market forces to the Chinese economy and
normalized relations with the United States and the West beginning in the late
1970s. First in the rural economy, and later in the cities, market forces - rather
than Beijing bureaucrats - began to dictate supply and demand. Deng's famous creed
- "To get rich is glorious" - reignited Chinese entrepreneurship and began to lift
China's 1.2 billion citizens out of poverty.

Chinese Communist Party leaders offered the people what Bohr calls a Faustian
bargain: "We will let you get rich. But as you get rich, you have to keep us in
power."

Tiananmen really "kicked the props out of any viable alternative," said Bohr, who
most recently visited China last year. "The emphasis now is on how the evolving
economy can help the individual."

Minnesota connections

Minnesota's China connections extend far beyond business. For decades, the
University of Minnesota has attracted an unusually large share of the Chinese
college students who study in the United States - a relationship that dates back to
before the Communist revolution in 1949, Bohr said.

And some large Minnesota companies have long had operations in China. They range
from 3M Co., which was among the first U.S. companies to enter the Chinese market
in the early 1980s, to Northwest Airlines to ADC Telecommunications.

China is Minnesota's third-largest trading partner, ranking behind Canada and

Japan, and ahead of the United Kingdom, in the dollar value of manufactured
exports, according to the Minnesota Department of Trade and Economic Development.
Gov. Jesse Ventura plans to visit China next fall to promote trade.

China trade is poised to expand significantly. In the first quarter of this year,
Minnesota's two largest law firms - Dorsey & Whitney and Faegre & Benson -
announced plans to open offices in the industrial city of Shanghai. The moves come
as China prepares to become a member of the World Trade Organization.

Yet economic expansion poses a political paradox: As China's economy grows, and
ties with U.S. companies become stronger, "the relationship is getting more tense
than ever," Bohr said.

- John J. Oslund is at oslund@startribune.com.

1985: Chinese consumers in this era competed with one another for the attention of
clerks at stores where goods were scarce and lines were long.

2000: Harry Ullmann finds this Shanghai department store similar to the stores
he's browsed in Minnesota. In China, consumer goods once in short supply now are
widely available.

Photo: PHOTO
 DALLAS--(BUSINESS WIRE)--March 1, 2001--As part of ambitious plans to continue
enhancing its railway infrastructure, the China Ministry of Railways will extend
automatic equipment identification (AEI) technology nationwide using TransCore's
Amtech(R) radio frequency identification (RFID) equipment. TransCore is teaming
with the People's Republic of China-based Harbin VEIC Technology Development Corp.
to deliver a complete AEI system. This is TransCore's second contract with the
China Ministry of Railways since being selected for the initial launch of the
system in 2000.

According to an October 2000 report from ChinaOnline, the China Ministry of

Railways plans to spend $30 billion (U.S.) over the next five years to enhance its
68,000 kilometers of existing lines, build new lines, upgrade communications, and
improve environmental protection. The effort is meant to reduce congestion and
transit times, improve operational efficiency, and ultimately increase rail's
profitability and share of the transportation market. Adequate and efficient
railways are crucial to the continued economic growth and trade capabilities of a
country that transports 70 percent of its products by rail.

"We admire the Ministry's vision to modernize the railways, take advantage of
automated technology's benefits, and pass those benefits onto their constituents,"
said John Worthington, TransCore's president and CEO. "This reflects remarkable
will and forward thinking within China's transportation community, maintaining the
highest international standards for its infrastructure."

The ongoing multimillion dollar project will dramatically improve railway

operational efficiency, saving time and money by fully automating the process of
tracking the location and status of railway equipment. TransCore's RFID tags,
designed for extreme conditions and low maintenance, are mounted on railcars,
locomotives and other mobile rail equipment. Readers are installed at strategic
points such as railroad junctions, rail yards, gates, weigh stations, fueling
stations and maintenance facilities. Under the new contract, readers will be
installed along the railways in hundreds of major Chinese cities. A reader
identifies a tagged piece of equipment as it passes within radio frequency range
and relays the time, date, location and other programmed information to a host
computer for tracking. All of this occurs in less than 1/10th of a second, with
99.9 percent accuracy, even at high speeds.

The paperless system eliminates the labor cost and inaccuracy of manual data
collection and input. Error reduction helps prevent misrouting and costly delays,
while more efficient equipment utilization reduces overhead costs. Precise,
perpetual inventory safeguards against the possibility of lost equipment. Wayside
detection and weighing can be automated by identifying a car as it passes over a
checkpoint. The system works continuously so real-time reports are available,
including information that can be integrated enterprise-wide with other operational
databases. Tracking information can also enhance customer relationships by enabling
the railway to share freight status reports. Overall streamlining of various
tracking tasks, coupled with the fact that railway equipment can be identified on
the move, can even lead to better traffic flow and higher average train speeds.
 China, the Association of American Railroads, and Europe's Union Internationale
des Chemins de fer have all established national standards based on TransCore's
Amtech technology.

TransCore has begun shipping 140,000 AT5110 tags and 1,500 AR2200 and AI1301
reader systems under the new contract. Harbin VEIC, the largest and leading China-
based manufacturer of railway vehicle overhaul equipment and safety monitoring
systems, is responsible for integrating the system and will work with China
Railways technicians on the installation. The new equipment is slated for testing
at the end of March 2001. TransCore provided readers, programmers and 440,000 tags
under its prior contract. More tags and readers may be required as infrastructure
expansion continues.

Asia represents an important intelligent transportation systems market for

TransCore. Other than the two rail contracts, in November 2000 TransCore and
Sichuan NeoSource Intel-Tech Ltd. of Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People's Republic
of China, announced the deployment of TransCore's paper-thin Intellitag(R) wireless
communication windshield sticker tag in a first-ever vehicle registration
application. Earlier that year, TransCore implemented the first electronic toll
collection deployment in Manila, Philippines.

About TransCore Inc.

TransCore Inc., a privately held, $340 million company, provides transportation

services and products that improve customer efficiency through wireless- and
Internet-based technologies. TransCore specializes in mobile payment systems, fleet
management and e-logistics services, intelligent transportation systems (ITS), and
telematics applications. With installations in 37 countries, more than 70 patents
and a world-class manufacturing center, TransCore's expertise is unparalleled in
the transportation industry. Over the past year, TransCore achieved key elements of
its growth strategy, acquiring four leading transportation services companies:
American Traffic Systems (ATS), Amtech Transportation Systems, DAT Services
(including its international EuroDAT operations), and Viastar Services. TransCore
has approximately 1,800 employees and more than 80 offices throughout the United
States and abroad. For more information, visit www.transcore.com.

CONTACT: TransCore Inc., Dallas Barb Catlin, 972/733-6056

barbara.catlin@transcore.com or Harbin VEIC Technology Development Corp. Wen Xiao
Min, 86.451.6425063 veic@public.hr.hl.cn 10:02 EST MARCH 1, 2001

News; International
U.S./ China Standoff: Trade Sanctions Against China Possible?

Members of Congress are saying very little about the U.S-China standoff. However,
Congress may employ trade sanctions against China if the situation is not
ultimately resolved.

STEPHEN FRAZIER, CNN ANCHOR: As we are following all these small developments in
the U.S.-China stand-off, it's noteworthy to point out that despite President
Bush's expression of regret, criticism in China of the United States' position has
been unrelenting there. This editorial now from the "China Daily."

"The American government's ignorance of China's demand for an apology has

testified to their arrogance in handling international affairs. In Washington's
eyes, power is everything and the country with the most power can do whatever it
likes." That from the "China Daily."

Now, with accusatory rhetoric like that, a big issue coming to the U.S.-China
stand-off is how all of this might affect trade between the two countries and we
are turning now to CNN's Bob Franken, joining us from Washington to hear what some
members of Congress are saying about that -- Bob, good morning.

BOB FRANKEN, CNN CORRESPONDENT: Good morning, Steve.

And what most members of Congress are saying is very little. That, of course, is a
huge weapon, trade. It is characterized by those who support trade as the one
thing that could force China into a more open administration, that could put China
in a position where this type of incident ultimately would become unnecessary.

There are others on the other side who are saying, however, that, in fact, you
don't trade with somebody with whom you have a confrontation like this and it
should be pointed out that in June there will have to be, for a variety of reasons,
a new vote on whether to continue to extend to China preferred trading status.
Preferred, by the way, means normal trading status. That was supposed to have gone
away. But for a variety of technical reasons, that vote will have to come.

And some members of Congress are saying it's a point that needs to be addressed
now, but most are keeping a low profile on the matter. The administration, as we
heard a few moments ago from Major Garrett, is very happy about that. That is a
huge weapon. Any disruption in the trade process could, in fact, really exacerbate
this situation, is the argument from many who are saying play it low key.

Another problem is the CODEL. There are supposed to have been four trips that
were going to be taken during the break that's coming up in Congress, four
different Congressional trips to China. Two of them have been put on hold, at
least until the Americans are released. There are two others that there's some
indecision. There's a lot of hand wringing going on. Members are concerned, of
course, that they could mess things up and embarrass themselves publicly.

The administration has gone out of its way to say, however, do the trips if you
want, make your own judgment. So right now everybody is trying to make a judgment
to try and follow that old Hippocratic oath, admonition, first, do no harm, and the
second part of that here on Capitol Hill would be first do no harm to yourself
politically -- Steve?

FRAZIER: Bob, interesting, then, since you describe this careful coordination
between the White House and Congress, that a very senior member of Congress
yesterday, Senator Lugar of Indiana, stepped forward in his position on the Senate
Intelligence Committee and did bring up membership to the World Trade Organization
and the Olympics and arms sales to Taiwan, almost as if somebody has got to say it
and just sort of raise the specter. Is that carefully calibrated?

FRANKEN: It is, and Lugar is almost a professional in these fields. He's got long
experience in international relations and you can be assured that he did this with
the knowledge of the administration. So, of course, the issue has to be raised.
It has to be raised as a possible wedge but the other part of it is right now you
don't play your full hand of cards, and that would almost be playing one of the
fuller hands of cards.

FRAZIER: Just kind of hint a little bit about what you might be holding.

FRANKEN: Absolutely.
 FRAZIER: Bob Franken on Capitol Hill -- Bob, thank you very much.

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of litigation.

LOCAL

If Western leaders were hoping that rewarding China with the 2008 Olympics and
World Trade Organization membership would assist in opening up the Communist
country to democratic reforms, the impacts are not readily apparent.

The sentencing of two American scholars to 10 years in prison on dubious charges

of spying is clear evidence of this.

As of late Wednesday, Secretary of State Colin Powell was optimistic he would

secure the release of the two acedemicians. But the damage is done. Their arrest
and swift conviction behind closed doors have further chilled U.S.-China relations
just days before Powell's first visit to Beijing.

The evidence of espionage in this case appears to be magazine articles and book
excerpts that Gao Zhan, an American University researcher, and Qin Guangguang, an
employee of a pharmaceutical company who has taught at Stanford, picked up during
their recent travels in Taiwan.

Gao and Qin, both Chinese citizens with American green cards, are among a group of
U.S. citizens and residents detained by Chinese police within the past year on
questionable charges. One, Li Shaomin, a U.S. citizen, was deported to the United
States on Wednesday.

The timing of these convictions and Powell's visit is no coincidence. Beijing is

clearly sending a message that attempts to repair U.S.-China relations, damaged in
the April 1 collision of a U.S. surveillance plane and a Chinese jet fighter, won't
meet swift success.

The challenge for those hopeful of reform in China's human rights record is that
Beijing continues to use prisoners rather than diplomats to send its messages.

This begs the question, if this is China's idea of communication, does the country
have the prison capacity to accommodate the number of messages to come in 2008 when
the world is at Beijing's door?

GENEVA -- World Trade Organization chief Mike Moore on Thursday welcomed an

agreement reached between China and the European Union this week that could help
smooth Beijing's path to WTO membership.

European firms operating in China will be allowed to work with companies other
than those designated by the Chinese government, according to details of the
agreement made available Thursday.

Previous Chinese restrictions meant foreign companies could only select from a
small number of state-approved companies to set up ventures.

In order to shorten the time foreign companies must wait to open businesses after
obtaining their permits, the agreement says that EU companies will now be permitted
to operate in China within two months of being awarded a license by Chinese
authorities.

"The EU-China accord is another step toward China's membership in our

organization," said Mr. Moore, who is director-general of the 141-nation WTO.

"This, together with the U.S.-China agreement reached earlier in the month, has
given China's bid for membership new momentum," he said.

After two days of talks, Pascal Lamy, the EU's trade commissioner, reached the
deal Wednesday with his Chinese counterpart, Trade Minister Shi Guangsheng.

In the distribution sector, EU firms will be allowed to sell their products

directly to their Chinese clients without government interference or barriers.

Insurance brokers will be able to operate in marine, aviation, transport and other
key industries at the same time as China becomes a WTO member, EU officials said.
The procedure for the opening of further insurance company branches has also been
greatly simplified.

Two-way trade between China and the EU reached 70 billion euros ($59.82 billion)
in 1999. China is the EU's third-largest trading partner after the U.S. and Japan.

At WTO headquarters in Geneva, officials have scheduled a June 28 negotiating

session to begin what they hope will be the final talks to complete China's
accession.

To complete the membership process, China must show that its laws and policies are
in line with WTO free-trade rules and that it has won the endorsement of other
member governments. China's accession to the body will be debated at the WTO next
week.
 Beijing has obtained agreements from all WTO members except Mexico, which is
asking for stronger antidumping protections.

In announcing Wednesday's accord, Mr. Lamy said in a statement, "The way is now
clear for China to join the WTO in the coming months."

The endorsement, which was expected, follows a similar deal reached between the
U.S. and China two weeks ago.

Mr. Lamy said the EU will work together with China in Geneva to rapidly finalize
their agreement.

All Rights Reserved.

LONDON--(BUSINESS WIRE)--March 27, 2001--China Southern Airlines (NYSE:ZNH)

(HKSE:1055), the largest airline in The People's Republic of China, has been named
the Best Airline in China in 2001 by Airlinequality.com.

In its annual survey of the top airlines in the world, China Southern Airlines was
named the Best Airline in The People's Republic of China in a survey conducted for
Airlinequality.com by Skytrax Research.

Based in London, Skytrax Research has more than 10 years as the leading quality
advisors to the world airline industry. The company undertakes World Airline
Competitive Performance Surveys each year, with the results published on the
Internet at Airlinequality.com.

Airlinequality.com is the world's global Quality Ranking program for airline

Product & Service standards. The program contains product & service quality
evaluations that enable instant comparison of the different airlines. First,
Business and Economy class travel is featured -- and selected charter operators.
Domestic, short, medium and long haul travel is evaluated across all continents.

Winners of the Best Airlines Awards are judged on quality merits, and not the
route network, and the level of service & product quality consistency offered by
each airline.

In the annual survey, Emirates Airlines was voted the No. 1 Airline in the world.
Voting was assessed over a nine-month period and a total of 2.7 million votes were
received for the awards.

To view the poll results, go to: www.airlinequality.com/main/airline_2001.htm

Ranked No. 1 in passengers carried in China for the past 20 years, China Southern
Airlines, www.cs-air.com(Chinese), www.cs-air.com/en("http://www.cs-air.com/en")
(English), connects more than 80 cities around the globe. Major business and
vacation destinations served in China include: Beijing, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Guilin,
Hong Kong, Kunming, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Wuhan and as well as international
service, including: Amsterdam, Bangkok, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Kuala Lumpur,
Jakarta, Los Angeles, Manila, Melbourne, Osaka, Penang, Phnom Penh, Seoul,
Singapore and Sydney.

For China Southern Airlines reservations and information, contact your local
travel agent.

CONTACT: Ruffolo Communications Jeff Ruffolo, 949/706-6789 RuffoloPR@aol.com 10:00

EST MARCH 27, 2001

GUANGZHOU, China--(BUSINESS WIRE)--June 6, 2001--China Southern Airlines

(NYSE:ZNH) (HKSE:1055), the largest airline in the People's Republic of China,
announced that it has partnered with The Bank of China, www.bank-of-china.com, to
offer a special new "BOC Group Credit Card Superior Travel Awards Program."

Effective immediately, Bank of China Group Credit Card members can earn one gift
point for every HK $1 spent on their card.

The accumulated gift points may be converted to Sky Pearl Club mileage (eight gift
points = 1 kilometer) for free flights and upgrades.

Additionally, Bank of China credit card members can "double dip" with this new
program by earning mileage in The Sky Pearl Club regularly gained as a Club member.

For additional details, contact the Bank of China Credit Card Center at its 24-
hour hotline in Hong Kong at (852) 2853-8828; via fax at (852) 2544-2988 or via
standard post at 20/F, 68 Connaught Road West, BOC Credit Card Center, Hong Kong.

Named the Best Airline in China by SKYTRAX, China Southern Airlines, www.cs-
air.com(Chinese) or www.cs-air.com/en("http://www.cs-air.com/en")(English),
connects more than 80 cities around the globe.

Major business and vacation destinations served in China include: Beijing,

Chengdu, Guangzhou, Guilin, Hong Kong, Kunming, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Wuhan, as
well as international service, including: Amsterdam, Bangkok, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh
City, Kuala Lumpur, Jakarta, Los Angeles, Manila, Melbourne, Osaka, Penang, Phnom
Penh, Seoul, Singapore and Sydney.

For China Southern Airlines reservations and information, contact your local
travel agent.

CONTACT: China Southern Airlines Jeff Ruffolo, 909/734-6141 Fax: 909/734-6146 E-

mail: RuffoloPR@aol.com 16:21 EDT JUNE 6, 2001
 Beijing, Feb 24, 2001 (FWN Financial via COMTEX) - China has merged its aluminum
companies to f.rm a giant state-run aluminum company, the third largest alumina
producer in the world, state media reported Saturday. Aluminum Corporation of China
(Chinalco), which follows U.S.-based Alcoa Inc. and Canada's Alcan Aluminum Ltd. in
size, is composed of the six largest alumina manufacturers in the nation as well as
research institutes and construction firms, the official China Daily said.

* * *

The move is expected to reduce inefficient use of resources in the sector.

The newly-create aluminum plant has assets of 35.6 billion yuan (U.S. $4.3
billion) and produces 70% of the domestic market's alumina, which is used to make
aluminum, and 23% of its aluminum.

The remaining 30% of alumina production, roughly 1.9 million tonnes, comes from
imports.

"With the establishment of the company, the state hopes to curb the redundant
construction of small and inefficient aluminum manufacturers by controlling alumina
resources," said Guo Shengkun, president of the company.

The next stage would be to help the company list on major overseas stock markets,
said China's vice premier, Wu Bangguo, adding that the company will restructure
itself to establish a shareholding company for overseas floats in coming months.

The China Daily said insiders have revealed the company is expected to stage a
dual listing on stock markets in Hong Kong and New York in the middle of this year.

"By overseas listing, we not only hope to raise funds from the stock market, but
also to push through reforms," said Guo.

He said the company's production costs are much higher than that of its foreign
counterparts.

Chinalco produced 4.3 million tonnes of alumina and 670,000 tonne of aluminum last
year, rising 12.24% and 7.86% respectively over 1999. It registered a profit of 1.7
billion yuan in 2000, a jump of 3.7 fold over that of 1999, China Daily said.

China, the third largest aluminum producer after the United States and Russia,
will import 650,000 tonnes of aluminum this year, making up almost one-fifth of the
country's total consumption, China Daily quoted experts saying.

Analysts warn China is expected to be plagued by a serious aluminum shortage by

2005.

(C) Copyright 2001 FWN

The bridge.com ID for this story is BPQHZCP

KEYWORD: Beijing.

Notices

SUMMARY: The Department of Commerce ("the Department"), pursuant to sections

751(c) and 752 of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended ("the Act"), determined that
revocation of the antidumping duty orders on silicon metal from Brazil and China
and on silicomanganese from Brazil and China, and termination of the agreement
suspending the antidumping duty investigation ("the Agreement") on silicomanganese
from Ukraine would be likely to lead to continuation or recurrence of dumping. *1
On February 5, 2001, the International Trade Commission ("the Commission"),
pursuant to section 751(c) of the Act, determined that revocation of the
antidumping duty orders on silicon metal from Brazil and China and on
silicomanganese from Brazil and China, and termination of the agreement on
silicomanganese from Ukraine would be

[Page Number 10670]

likely to lead to continuation or recurrence of material injury to industries in

the United States within a reasonably foreseeable time (66 FR 8981 (February 5,
2001)). Therefore, pursuant to 19 CFR 351.218(f)(4), the Department is publishing
notice of the continuation of the antidumping duty orders on silicon metal from
Brazil and China and on silicomanganese from Brazil and China, and of the
continuation of the suspended investigation on silicomanganese from Ukraine.

*1 Silicon Metal From Brazil; Final Results of Expedited Sunset Review of

Antidumping Duty Order, 65 FR 35607 (June 5, 2000), Silicon Metal From the People's
Republic of China; Final Results of Expedited Sunset Review of Antidumping Duty
Order, 65 FR 35609 (June 5, 2000), Silicomanganese From the People's Republic of
China and Brazil; Final Results of Antidumping Duty Expedited Sunset Reviews, 65 FR
35324 (June 2, 2000), and Final Results of Full Sunset Review: Silicomanganese From
Ukraine, 65 FR 58045 (September 27, 2000).

EFFECTIVE DATE: February 16, 2001.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Martha V. Douthit or James P. Maeder, Office of

Policy for Import Administration, International Trade Administration, U.S.
Department of Commerce, 14th Street and Constitution Ave., NW., Washington, DC
20230; telephone: (202) 482-5050 or (202) 482-3330, respectively.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

On November 2, 1999, the Department initiated (64 FR 59160) and the Commission
instituted (64 FR 59204; 59209) sunset reviews of the antidumping duty orders on
silicon metal from Brazil and China and on silicomanganese from Brazil and China,
and sunset reviews of the suspended antidumping duty investigation on
silicomanganese from Ukraine, pursuant to section 751(c) of the Act. As a result of
its reviews, the Department found that revocation of the antidumping duty orders on
silicon metal from Brazil and China and on silicomanganese from Brazil and China,
and termination of the agreement on Silicomanganese from Ukraine would be likely
lead to continuation or recurrence of dumping and notified the Commission of the
magnitude of the margin likely to prevail were the orders revoked and the agreement
terminated. *2

*2 Silicon Metal From Brazil; Final Results of Expedited Sunset Review of

Antidumping Duty Order, 65 FR 35607 (June 5, 2000), Silicon Metal From the People's
Republic of China; Final Results of Expedited Sunset Review of Antidumping Duty
Order, 65 FR 35609 (June 5, 2000), Silicomanganese From the People's Republic of
China and Brazil; Final Results of Antidumping Duty Expedited Sunset Reviews, 65 FR
35324 (June 2, 2000), and Final Results of Full Sunset Review: Silicomanganese From
Ukraine, 65 FR 58045 (September 27, 2000).

On February 5, 2001, the Commission determined, pursuant to section 751(c) of the

Act, that revocation of the antidumping duty orders on silicon metal from Brazil
and China and on silicomanganese from Brazil and China, and termination of the
suspended investigation on silicomanganese from Ukraine would be likely to lead to
continuation or recurrence of material injury to an industry in the United States
within a reasonably foreseeable time. See Silicon Metal From Argentina, Brazil, and
China, and Silicomanganese From Brazil, China, and Ukraine, 66 FR 8981 (February 5,
2001) and USITC Pub. 3384 (January 2001) Investigation Nos., 731 TA-470-472, and
731 TA 671-673 (Reviews).

Scope

Silicon Metal--Brazil and China

The merchandise subject to these antidumping duty orders is silicon metal

containing at least 96.00 percent, but less than 99.99 percent of silicon by
weight. Also covered by these orders is silicon metal containing between 89.00 and
96.00 percent silicon by weight but which contains a higher aluminum content than
the silicon metal containing at least 96.00 percent but less than 99.99 percent
silicon by weight (58 FR 27542, May 10, 1993). Silicon metal is currently provided
for under subheadings 2804.69.10 and 2804.69.50 of the HTS as a chemical product,
but is commonly referred to as a metal. Semiconductor- grade silicon (silicon metal
containing by weight not less than 99.99 percent of silicon and provided for in
subheading 2804.61.00 of the HTS is not subject to these orders. Although the HTS
numbers are provided for convenience and customs purposes, the written description
remains dispositive.

Silicomanganese--Brazil, China, and Ukraine

The merchandise subject to the orders and the suspension agreement is

silicomanganese. Silicomanganese, which is sometimes called ferrosilicon manganese,
is a ferroalloy composed principally of manganese, silicon, and iron, and normally
containing much smaller proportions of minor elements, such as carbon, phosphorous,
and sulfur. Silicomanganese generally contains by weight not less than four percent
iron, more than 30 percent manganese, more than eight percent silicon, and not more
than three percent phosphorous. All compositions, forms, and sizes of
silicomanganese are included within the scope of these orders, and agreement,
including silicomanganese slag, fines, and briquettes. Silicomanganese is used
primarily in steel production as a source of both silicon and manganese. These
antidumping duty orders, and this agreement, cover all silicomanganese, regardless
of its tariff classification. Most silicomanganese is currently classifiable under
subheading 7202.30.0000 of the HTS schedule. Some silicomanganese may also
currently be classifiable under HTS subheading 7202.99.5040. Although the HTS
subheadings are provided for convenience and customs purposes, our written
description of the scope remains dispositive.

Determination

As a result of the determinations by the Department and the Commission that

revocation of the antidumping duty orders and termination of the agreement would be
likely to lead to continuation or recurrence of dumping and material injury to an
industry in the United States, pursuant to section 751(d)(2) of the Act, the
Department hereby orders the continuation of the antidumping duty orders on silicon
metal from Brazil and China and on silicomanganese from Brazil and China, and the
continuation of the agreement on silicomanganese from Ukraine. The Department will
instruct the Customs Service to continue to collect antidumping duty deposits at
the rates in effect at the time of entry for all imports of subject merchandise.
The effective date of continuation of these orders, and this agreement, will be the
date of publication in the Federal Register of this Notice of Continuation.
Pursuant to section 751(c)(2) and 751 (c)(6) of the Act, the Department intends to
initiate the next five- year review of these orders, and this agreement, not later
than January 2006.

This notice is published pursuant to section 703(c)(2) of the Act. Effective

January 20, 2001, Bernard T. Carreau is fulfilling the duties of the Assistant
Secretary for Import Administration.

Dated: February 12, 2001.

Bernard T. Carreau,

Deputy Assistant Secretary, AD/CVD Enforcement II.

[FR Doc. 01-4023 Filed 2-15-01; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-DS-P

[A-351-806, A-570-806, A-351-824, A-570-828, A-823-805]

搜索摘要

文字|China or Chinese|
日期|01/01/2001 至 12/31/2001|
资讯来源|美国 Not The Wall Street Journal Not The New York Times Not Associated
Press Newswires Not The Washington Post|
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新闻主题|企业/工业新闻 或 经济新闻 或 金融商品市场新闻|
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