PENSKORAN

UJIAN PERTENGAHAN SESI AKADEMIK

Markah TP

BAB 1 – BAB 6 Masa/Time: 2 jam/2 hours

Bahagian A
[20 markah]
[20 marks]
Jawab semua soalan.
Answer all questions.

1 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan dua jenis haiwan A Jenis darah

yang berbeza. Type of blood
The diagram below shows two different types of animals. B Kaedah persenyawaan
Method of fertilisation
C Organ pernafasan
Breathing organ
D Cara pembiakan
Platipus Landak Method of reproduction
Platypus Porcupine
3 Rajah di bawah menunjukan graf suhu badan seekor
Antara pernyataan berikut, yang manakah betul haiwan melawan suhu persekitarannya.
tentang haiwan-haiwan itu? The diagram below a graph of the body temperature of
Which of the following statements about the animals is an animal against its surrounding temperature.
correct?
Suhu badan
A Mereka melakukan persenyawaan luar. Body temperature
They undergo external fertilisation.
B Haiwan betina mempunyai kelenjar susu.
The females have mammary glands.
C Mereka bersifat poikiloterma.
They are poikolothermic.
Suhu persekitaran
D Mereka bernafas melalui insang. Surrounding temperature
They breathe through their gills.
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah mungkin
2 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan suatu pengelasan haiwan itu?
haiwan vertebrata. Which of the following are possibly the animals?
The diagram below shows the classification of vertebrates. I Singa
Lion
Vertebrata II Ikan paus
Vertebrates Whale
III Iguana
Iguana
Ikan Amfibia Mamalia IV Salamander
P Q
Fish Amphibians Mammals
Salamander
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah perbezaan A I dan II B II dan III
antara haiwan dalam kelas P dengan Q? I and II II and III
Which of the following characteristics is the difference C III dan IV D I dan IV
between animals in classes P and Q? III and IV I and IV

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4 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan suatu habitat diduduki 6 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan suatu interaksi antara
oleh empat jenis organisma, A, B, C, dan D. bunga rafflesia dengan pokok.
The diagram below shows a habitat occupied by four The diagram below shows an interaction between a
types of organisms, A, B, C and D. rafflesia and a tree.

B D D D B
D A B A B
B A B C D
B C A C B
D B A B B
D D A D B
A B D B A
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah ciri bagi
Organisma yang manakah merupakan pengguna interaksi itu?
sekunder? Which of the following is the characteristic of the
Which organism is a secondary consumer? interaction?
A A A Memudaratkan kedua-dua organisma
B B Harms both organisms
C C B Memberi manfaat kepada kedua-dua organisma
D D Benefits both organisms
C Memberi manfaat kepada satu organisma sahaja
5 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan saling bersandaran dan memudaratkan organisma yang satu lagi
antara organisma dan interaksi antara organisma Benefits one organism only and harms the other
dengan persekitaran.
D Memberi manfaat kepada satu organisma sahaja
The diagram below shows interdependence among
organisms and the interaction between organisms and
tanpa memudaratkan atau menguntungkan
the environment. organisma yang satu lagi
Benefits one organism only without harming or
benefiting the other

7 Makanan yang manakah dapat membantu mencegah

sembelit?
Which food helps to prevent constipation?
A Susu B Bayam
Milk Spinach
C Udang D Mee
Prawns Noodles

Antara yang berikut, yang manakah paling sesuai 8 Antara makanan berikut, yang manakah memberi
menggambarkan rajah di atas? warna biru tua apabila diuji dengan larutan iodin?
Which of the following best describes the diagram Which of the following foods gives a dark blue colour
above? when tested with iodine solution?
A Habitat A Nasi
Habitat Rice
B Populasi B Telur
Population Eggs
C Komuniti C Daging
Community Meat
D Ekosistem D Mentega
Ecosystem Butter

2
 9 Jadual di bawah menunjukkan sumber dan kesan 11 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sistem pencernaan
kekurangan vitamin-vitamin X, Y dan Z. manusia.
The table below shows the sources and the effect of the The diagram below shows the human digestive system.
deficiency of vitamins X, Y and Z.
Kesan Q
Vitamin Sumber kekurangan
Vitamin Sources Effect of
deficiency
Lobak merah, susu Rabun malam S
R
X dan telur Night
Carrots, milk and eggs blindness
Minyak ikan, kuning Riket
telur dan hati Rickets
Y
Fish oil, egg yolks and Kelas makanan yang manakah mula dicernakan
liver dalam organ Q, R dan S?
Buah-buahan sitrus Gusi Which classes of food begin to be digested in organs Q,
dan sayur-sayuran berdarah R and S?
Z
Citrus fruits and Bleeding gums
Q R S
vegetables
A Lemak Karbohidrat Protein
Apakah yang boleh diwakili oleh X, Y dan Z? Fat Carbohydrate Protein
What can be represented by X, Y and Z?
B Karbohidrat Protein Lemak
X Y Z Carbohydrate Protein Fat
A Vitamin A Vitamin D Vitamin C C Protein Lemak Karbohidrat
B Vitamin B Vitamin K Vitamin E Protein Fat Carbohydrate
C Vitamin A Vitamin E Vitamin K D Karbohidrat Lemak Protein
D Vitamin B Vitamin D Vitamin E Carbohydrate Fat Protein

10 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu piramid makanan. 12 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sejenis vektor.
The diagram below shows a food pyramid. The diagram below shows a type of vector.

Antara penyakit berikut, yang manakah disebarkan

Antara makanan berikut, yang manakah berada melalui vektor ini?
pada aras X? Which of the following diseases spreads through this
Which of the following foods are at level X? vector?
A Susu, kacang dan telur A Kolera
Milk, nuts and eggs Cholera
B Nasi, roti dan kentang B Panau
Rice, bread and potatoes Tinea
C Gula-gula, coklat dan kek C Denggi
Sweets, chocolates, cakes Dengue
D Kubis, lobak merah dan epal D Kurap
Cabbages, carrots and apples Ringworm

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13 Antara yang berikut, yang manakah betul mengenai 15 Maklumat di bawah menunjukkan bahan yang
barisan pertahanan kedua? digunakan untuk menyediakan dua campuran cecair.
Which of the following about the second line of defence The information below shows the substances that are
is correct? used to prepare two liquid mixtures.
A Melibatkan penghasilan antibodi apabila
• Campuran A: Air + garam
patogen memasuki badan Mixture A: Water + salt
Involves the production of antibodies when pathoges
enter the body • Campuran B: Air + tepung
Mixture B: Water + flour
B Melibatkan fagositosis oleh sel darah putih
Involves phagocytosis by white blood cells Antara ciri berikut, yang manakah betul tentang
C Melibatkan rembesan peluh dan sebum oleh campuran A dan campuran B?
kulit Which of the following characteristics about mixture A
Involves the secretion of sweat and sebum by the and mixture B are correct?
skin
Campuran A Campuran B
D Melibatkan penghasilan mukus oleh membran Mixture A Mixture B
mukus
Involves the production of mucus by the mucus A Kelihatan keruh Kelihatan jernih
membrane Looks cloudy Looks clear
B Meninggalkan sisa Tidak meninggalkan
14 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan gerak balas sistem apabila dituras sebarang sisa
keimunan badan terhadap patogen. Leaves a residue when apabila dituras
The diagram below shows the response of the body filtered Does not leave any
immune system to pathogens. residue when filtered
C Membentuk Tidak membentuk
merangsang menghasilkan mendakan apabila mendakan apabila
S T U
stimulates produces dibiarkan dibiarkan
Forms a precipitate Does not form a
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah boleh mewakili when left undisturbed precipitate when left
S, T dan U? undisturbed
Which of the following can represent S, T and U?
D Zat terlarut larut Zat terlarut tidak
S T U dalam pelarut larut dalam pelarut
Solutes dissolve in the Solutes do not
A Antigen Antibodi Sel darah solvent dissolve in the solvent
Antigen Antibody putih
White blood 16 Antara pasangan pelarut organik dan kegunaannya
cell berikut, yang manakah dipadankan dengan betul?
B Sel darah Antibodi Antigen Which of the following pairs of organic solvents and
Antibody Antigen their uses is correctly matched?
putih
White blood Pelarut organik Kegunaan
cell Organic solvent Use
C Antibodi Sel darah Antigen A Kloroform Mencairkan syelek
Antibody putih Antigen Chloroform To dilute shellac
White blood B Eter Melarutkan iodin
cell Ether To dissolve iodine
D Antigen Sel darah Antibodi C Turpentin Menanggalkan cat
Antigen putih Antibody Turpentine To remove paint
White blood D Alkohol Menanggalkan karat
cell Alcohol To remove rust

4
17 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan empat helai baju
yang sama basah.
The diagram below shows four shirts that are aqually wet.
19 Jadual di bawah menunjukkan perubahan warna
bagi tiga bahan W, X, dan Y apabila diuji dengan
penunjuk semesta.
The table below shows the colour change of three
substances, W, X and Y when tested with a universal
indicator.

A B C Bahan Perubahan warna

D Substance Colour change
Biru
W
Blue
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah merupakan Hijau
susunan baju berdasarkan kepada kadar penyejatan X
Green
daripada yang paling perlahan kepada yang paling
Merah
cepat? Y
Red
Which of the following is the order of the shirts based on
the rate of evaporation from the slowest to the fastest? Apakah bahan W, X dan Y?
A C, B, A, D What are substances W, X and Y?
B D, A, B, C W X Y
C B, C, A, D
D D, A, C, B A Neutral Alkali Asid
Neutral Alkali Acid
B Asid Neutral Alkali
18 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan nilai pH bagi dua Acid Neutral Alkali
bahan X dan Y.
The diagram below shows the pH values of two C Alkali Neutral Asid
substances X and Y. Alkali Neutral Acid
D Asid Alkali Neutral
pH Acid Alkali Neutral
1 X 7 Y 14

Apakah bahan X dan Y yang mungkin? 20 Aminah disengat oleh tebuan di taman. Antara
What possibly are substances X and Y? bahan berikut, yang manakah dapat digunakan
untuk meneutralkan sengatan tebuan itu?
Bahan X Bahan Y Aminah is stung by a wasp in the garden. Which of the
Substance X Substance Y following substances can be used to neutralise the wasp
A Soda pencuci Minyak masak sting?
Washing soda Cooking oil A Air suling
Distilled water
B Jus nanas Cuka
Pineapple juice Vinegar B Cuka
Vinegar
C Air tulen Air kapur
Pure water Limewater C Soda penaik
Baking soda
D Cuka Ubat gigi D Jus lemon
Vinegar Toothpaste Lemon juice

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 Bahagian B
[20 markah]
[20 marks]
Jawab semua soalan.
Answer all questions.

1 (a) Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pengelasan tumbuhan.

The diagram below shows the classification of plants.

Tumbuhan tidak berbunga

Non-flowering plants

Vaskular
P
Vascular

Membiak dengan spora

Q
Reproduce by spores

Berdasarkan rajah di atas, tandakan ( ✓ ) contoh tumbuhan P dan Q.

Based on the diagram above, tick ( ✓ ) the examples of plants P and Q.
(i) Tumbuhan P:
Plant P:
Pokok pain
Pine tree
Lumut
Moss
Paku-pakis
Fern

(ii) Tumbuhan Q:
Plant Q:
Pokok pain
Pine tree
Lumut
Moss
Paku-pakis
Fern
[2 markah/2 marks]

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 (b) Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pokok bunga raya.
The diagram below shows a hibiscus plant.

Lengkapkan peta bulatan di bawah.

Complete the circle map below.

(i) Berakar
Batang berkayu
Woody stem
roots

Ciri-ciri pokok
bunga raya
Characteristics
of a hibiscus
plant

(ii) Daun berurat

Mempunyai
Leaves with dua kotiledon
Has two cotyledons

veins

[2 markah/2 marks]

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2 (a) Tulis setiap jenis interaksi di bawah.
Write each type of interaction below.
(i) (ii)
Nodul
Nodule Ikan jerung
Shark

Ikan remora
Rhizobium Remora fish
Rhizobium

[2 markah/2 marks]
(b) Tulis BENAR atau PALSU bagi setiap pernyataan yang berikut.
Write TRUE or FALSE for each of the following statement.
(i)
Peningkatan bilangan pemangsa boleh menjadi ancaman yang baharu
kepada ekosistem.
The increase in the number of predators may become a new threat to the
ecosystem.

(ii)
Perubahan iklim yang melampau menyebabkan pengurangan saiz
populasi dalam suatu ekosistem.
Extreme change of climate causes a reduction in population size in an
ecosystem.

[2 markah/2 marks]

3 (a) Nyatakan penyakit berdasarkan kekurangan mineral yang berikut.

State the diseases based on the deficiency of the following minerals.
(i)
Kekurangan iodin
Iodine deficiency

(ii)
Kekurangan fosforus
Phosphorus deficiency

[2 markah/2 marks]

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 (b) Jadual di bawah menunjukkan keputusan ujian makanan ke atas sampel makanan L.
The table below shows the results of food tests on food sample L.

Ujian makanan Pemerhatian

Food test Observation

Sampel makanan L ditambah dengan reagen Millon dan Mendakan merah bata terbentuk.
dipanaskan dalam kukus air. A brick-red precipitate is formed.
Food sample L is added with Millon’s reagent and heated in
a water bath.

Sampel makanan L digoncang dengan alkohol dan air. Emulsi putih terbentuk.
Food sample L is shaken with an alcohol and water. A white emulsion is formed.

Berdasarkan jadual di atas, tandakan ( ✓ ) pada dua kelas makanan yang terdapat dalam makanan sampel
makanan L.
Based on the table above, tick ( ✓ ) for the two classes of food that are found in food sample L.

Protein
Protein

Kanji
Starch

Glukosa
Glucose

Lemak
Fat
[2 markah/2 marks]

4 (a) Isi tempat kosong dengan jawapan yang betul.

Fill in the blanks with the correct answers.

antiserum antigen patogen fagositosis

antiserum antigen pathogen phagocytosis

(i) Jasad asing yang merangsang penghasilan antibodi dikenali sebagai .

A foreign substance that induces the production of antibodies is known as an .
(ii) Sel darah putih menelan dan mencerna patogen secara .
White blood cells engulf and and digest the pathogens through .
[2 markah/2 marks]

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 (b) Tandakan ( ✓ ) pada penyakit yang disebarkan melalui sentuhan.
Tick ( ✓ ) for the diseases that are spread through contact.

Kolera Sifilis
Cholera Syphilis

Panau Kepialu
Tinea Typhoid
[2 markah/2 marks]

5 (a) Gariskan jawapan yang betul tentang asid dan alkali.

Underline the correct answer about an acid and an alkali.
(i) Semakin rendah nilai pH suatu bahan berasid, semakin (tinggi, rendah) kekuatan asidnya.
The lower the pH value of an acidic substance, the (higher, lower) its strength of acidity.

(ii) Warna (asid hidroklorik, larutan natrium hidroksida) berubah daripada hijau kepada merah apabila
penunjuk semesta dititiskan.
The colour of (hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide solution) changes from green to red when a universal
indicator is dripped.
[2 markah/2 marks]
(b) Padankan bahan yang berikut dengan kegunaan yang betul.
Match the following substances with their correct uses.

Bahan Kegunaan
Substance Use

Digunakan dalam bateri kereta

Used in car batteries
(i)
Asid formik
Formic acid
Menggumpalkan lateks
To coagulate latex
(ii)
Asid asetik
Acetic acid
Mengawet makanan
To preserve food
[2 markah/2 marks]

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 Bahagian C
[60 markah]
[60 marks]
Jawab semua soalan.
Answer all questions.

1 (a) Rajah di bawah menunjukkan dua jenis mekanisme pertahanan badan.

The diagram below shows two types of body defence mechanisms.

Mekanisme pertahanan badan

Body defence mechanisms

Spesifik Tidak spesifik

Specific Non-specific

Banding dan bezakan mekanisme pertahanan spesifik dengan mekanisme pertahanan tidak spesifik.
Compare and contrast the specific defence mechanism and non-specific defence mechanism.

[2 markah/2 marks]
(b) Rajah di bawah menunjukkan suatu graf keimunan.
The diagram below shows a graph of immunity.

Aras antibodi dalam darah

Level of antibodies in the blood

Aras keimunan
Immunity level

Masa (minggu)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Time (weeks)

Suntikan pertama
First injection
Suntikan kedua
Second injection

(i) Nyatakan jenis keimunan yang ditunjukkan oleh graf dalam rajah di atas.
State the type of immunity that is shown in the graph in the diagram above.

[1 markah/1 mark]

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 (ii) Namakan bahan yang disuntik ke dalam badan bagi kedua-dua suntikan itu. Terangkan kandungan
bahan itu.
Name a substance which is injected into the body for both injections. Explain the content of the substance.

[2 markah/2 marks]
(iii) Mengapakah aras antibodi dalam darah meningkat selepas suntikan pertama?
Why does the antibody level in the blood rise after the first injection?

[1 markah/1 mark]
(iv) Nyatakan perbezaan aras antibodi dalam darah selepas suntikan pertama dengan suntikan kedua.
State the difference of antibody level in the blood after the first injection and the second injection.

[1 markah/1 mark]
(v) Mengapakah suntikan kedua diperlukan?
Why is the second injection needed?

[1 markah/1 mark]

2 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas untuk peneutralan.

The diagram below shows the apparatus set-up for neutralisation.

Buret
Burrete

Asid hidroklorik
Hydrochloric acid

Kelalang kon
Larutan natrium hidroksida + fenolftalein
Conical flask
Sodium hydroxide solution + phenolphthalen
Jubin putih
White tile

(a) (i) Namakan kaedah yang ditunjukkan dalam rajah di atas.

Name the method shown in the diagram above.

[1 markah/1 mark]

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 (ii) Tulis persamaan perkataan bagi tindak balas antara asid hidroklorik dengan larutan natrium hidroksida.
Write a word equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solution.

[2 markah/2 marks]
(iii) Nyatakan perubahan warna pada larutan dalam kelalang kon apabila penunjuk fenolftalein ditambah
sebelum proses peneutralan bermula.
State the change of colour of the solution in the conical flask when the phenolphthalein indicator is added before
the neutralisation process begins.

[1 markah/1 mark]
(iv) Nyatakan perubahan warna pada larutan dalam kelalang kon apabila proses peneutralan berakhir.
State the change of colour of the solution in the conical flask when the neutralisation process ends.

[1 markah/1 mark]
(b) Rajah di bawah menunjukkan lateks yang diperolehi daripada pokok getah.
The diagram below shows latex that is obtained from a rubber tree.

Lateks
Latex

(i) Terangkan mengapa lateks boleh menggumpal secara semula jadi sekiranya dibiarkan terdedah kepada
udara.
Explain why the latex can coagulate naturally if it is left exposed to the air.

[2 markah/2 marks]
(ii) Berikan satu contoh bahan yang boleh mencegah penggumpalan lateks.
Give one example of a substance that can prevent the coagulation of latex.

[1 markah/1 mark]

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3 (a) Taman Negara Kinabalu ditetapkan sebagai Tapak Warisan Dunia pada tahun 2001 kerana kekayaannya
dalam spesies tumbuhan dan haiwan. Taman Negara itu mempunyai lebih daripada 4 500 spesies flora dan
fauna.
Kinabalu National Park was designated as a World Heritage Site in year 2001 because of its richness in species of
plants and animals. It has more than 4 500 species of flora and fauna.
(i) Nyatakan dua kepentingan biodiversiti dalam mengekalkan keseimbangan semula jadi.
State two importance of biodiversity in maintaining a balance in nature.

[2 markah/2 marks]
(ii) Mengapakah pengurusan biodiversiti secara berkesan penting? Berikan pendapat anda.
Why is effective biodiversity management important? Give your opinion.

[2 markah/2 marks]
(b) Rajah di bawah menunjukkan artikel mengenai suatu spesies haiwan.
The diagram below shows an article about a species of animal.

Cencurut hitam adalah mamalia bergigi putih yang selama

ini hanya dijumpai di Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Haiwan
seperti tikus ini disenaraikan sebagai spesies endemik yang
sangat terancam.
The black shrew is a white-toothed mammal that has so far only
been spotted in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. This mouse-like animal
is listed as a very endangered endemic species.

(i) Apakah maksud spesies endemik?

What is the meaning of an endemic spesies?

[1 markah/1 mark]
(ii) Terangkan dua punca haiwan itu menjadi terancam.
Explain two causes of the animal becoming endangered.

[2 markah/2 marks]
(iii) Cadangkan tiga tindakan yang perlu diambil untuk memelihara dan memulihara spesies endemik ini.
Suggest three actions that should be taken to conserve and preserve this endemic spesies.

[3 markah/3 marks]

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4 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji keterlarutan garam dalam air. 200 ml air suling
dengan pelbagai suhu dituang ke dalam bikar P, Q, R dan S secara berasingan. 5 g garam halus ditambah ke
dalam setiap bikar itu dan dikacau. Masa yang diambil untuk garam larut direkodkan.
The diagram below shows the apparatus set up to study the solubility of salt in water. 200 ml of distilled water with
different temperatures is poured into beakers P, Q, R and S separately. 5 g of fine salt is added into each of the beaker
and stirred. The time taken for the salt to dissolve is recorded.

P Q R S

Jadual di bawah menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen itu.

The table below shows the results of the experiment.

Bikar Suhu air (°C) Masa yang diambil untuk garam larut (minit)
Beaker Temperature of water (°C) Time taken for salt to dissolve (minute)

P 0 25
Q 25 15
R 75 8
S 100 4

(a) Apakah inferens yang dapat dibuat daripada eksperimen itu?

What is the inference that can be made from the experiment?

[1 markah/1 mark]
(b) Nyatakan pemboleh ubah yang terlibat dalam eksperimen itu.
State the variables that are involved in the experiment.
(i) Pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan:
Manipulated variable:
(ii) Pemboleh ubah bergerak balas:
Responding variable:
[2 markah/2 marks]
(c) Nyatakan hipotesis bagi eksperimen itu.
State the hypothesis for the experiment.

[1 markah/1 mark]

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 (d) Nyatakan dua faktor yang perlu dikekalkan sepanjang eksperimen itu.
State two factors which should be kept constant throughout the experiment.

[2 markah/2 marks]
(e) Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi keterlarutan garam.
State the operational definition of the solubility of salt.

[1 markah/1 mark]
(f) Ramalkan masa yang diambil untuk garam larut sekiranya air bersuhu 10°C.
Predict the time taken for the salt to dissolve if the temperature of water is 10°C.

[1 markah/1 mark]
(g) (i) Bagaimanakah anda dapat mempercepatkan keterlarutan gula dalam air kopi?
How can you make sugar dissolve faster in a cup of coffee?

[1 markah/1 mark]
(ii) Mengapakah kesan pemanasan pelarut dapat mempercepatkan keterlarutan zat terlarut dalamnya?
Why does the effect of heating a solvent make the solute dissolve faster?

[1 markah/1 mark]

5 Rajah di bawah menunjukkan organisma yang terdapat di komuniti ladang kelapa sawit.
The diagram below shows organisms found in an oil palm plantation community.

Tikus Pokok kelapa sawit Helang Tupai Ular

Rat Oil palm tree Eagle Squirrel Snake

(a) Apakah komuniti?

What is a community?

[1 markah/1 mark]

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 (b) (i) Berdasarkan rajah di atas, bina satu siratan makanan.
Based on the diagram above, construct a food web.

[2 markah/2 marks]
(ii) Terangkan bagaimana pengeluar memperolehi tenaga dan menukarkan tenaga itu.
Explain how a producer obtains energy and converts it.

[2 markah/2 marks]
(c) (i) Sharizal menggunakan racun untuk membunuh kesemua ular di ladang itu. Selepas setahun, didapati
bahawa populasi tikus dan populasi tupai bertambah dan hasil kelapa sawit berkurang. Terangkan
punca peningkatan dalam populasi tikus dan populasi tupai.
Sharizal uses poison to kill all the snakes in the plantation. After a year, it was found that the population of the
rats and the population of the squirrels increased and the yield of oil palm decreased. Explain the cause of the
increase in the population of the rats and the population of the squirrels.

[1 markah/1 mark]
(ii) Namakan kaedah kawalan biologi yang Sharizal boleh lakukan untuk mengelakkan perkara itu daripada
berlaku.
Name a biological control method that Sharizal can carry out to prevent this from happening.

[1 markah/1 mark]
(iii) Nyatakan dua kebaikan kaedah kawalan biologi yang dinamakan di 5(c)(ii).
State two advantages of the biological control method named in 5(c)(ii).

[2 markah/2 marks]

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 (d) Setelah beberapa bulan, bilangan tupai telah merosot tetapi bilangan tikus masih banyak. Kaedah kawalan
biologi mengambil masa yang lama untuk menunjukkan kesan. Maka, Sharizal ingin membina perangkap
untuk menangkap tikus dan tupai di ladang kelapa sawitnya.
After a few months, the number of squirrels decreased but the number of rats was still high. A biological control
method takes a long time to be effective. Therefore, Sharizal wants to build traps to catch the rats and the squirrels
in his oil palm plantation.

Botol plastik Kacang tanah Benang Dua gelang getah

Plastic bottle Peanuts Thread Two rubber bands

Pisau Klip kertas Dua lidi

Knife Paper clip Two sticks

Dengan menggunakan bahan-bahan yang disediakan dalam rajah, anda dikehendaki menerangkan bagaimana
membuat perangkap tikus.
By using the materials provided in the diagram, you are required to explain how to make a rat rat trap.

Penerangan/Explanation:

[3 markah/3 marks]

6 (a) Air merupakan suatu sebation. Lukis dan label satu molekul air di ruangan yang disediakan di bawah.
Water is a compound. Draw and label a water molecule in the space provided below.

[1 markah/1 mark]

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 (b) Rajah di bawah menunjukkan proses pembersihan air di sebuah loji rawatan air.
The diagram below shows the water purification process at a water treatment plant.

Tangki X
Tank X
Takungan air Penapisan Pengoksidaan
Water reservoir Filtration Oxidation

Pemfluoridaan Pengklorinan Penurasan Pengenapan

Fluoridation Chlorination Filtration Sedimentation

Tangki simpanan Kepada pengguna

Storage tank To consumers

(i) Namakan tangki X.

Name tank X.

[1 markah/1 mark]
(ii) Nyatakan fungsi bahan-bahan yang ditambah ke dalam tangki X.
State the function of the substances added into tank X.

[2 markah/2 marks]
(iii) Nyatakan sebab mengapa proses pada tangki pengoksidaan itu penting.
State a reason why the process in the oxidation tank is important.

[1 markah/1 mark]
(iv) Pada musim kemarau, loji rawatan air akan mengurangkan operasi pembersihan air kerana sumber air
adalah terhad. Sebagai pengguna, cadangkan dua langkah untuk mengurangkan penggunaan air terawat
dalam kehidupan seharian.
During the drought season, the water treatment plant will reduce water purification operations because water
resources are limited. As a consumer, suggest two ways to reduce water consumption of treated water in daily
life.

[2 markah/2 marks]

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(c) (i) Sungai merupakan sumber air utama di Malaysia. Malangnya, pencemaran air sering berlaku sehingga
air itu tidak sesuai lagi untuk digunakan oleh hidupan. Nyatakan dua punca pencemaran air.
Rivers are the main sources of water in Malaysia. Unfortunately, water pollution often occurs until the water
is no longer suitable to be consumed by living things. State two sources of water pollution.

[2 markah/2 marks]
(ii) Semasa kempen pemeliharaan dan pemuliharaan sungai, anda diminta untuk mencipta alat untuk
memerangkap sampah yang telah dibuang ke dalam sungai.
During the river preservation and conservation campaign, you have been asked to design a tool to trap rubbish
that is thrown into the river.

Botol-botol plastik dengan penutup Jaring yang panjang Tali nilon

Plastic bottles with caps Long net Nylon rope

Dengan menggunakan bahan-bahan yang disediakan dalam rajah, anda dikehendaki melakarkan
rajah perangkap sampah mengikut kreativiti anda di ruangan di bawah dan terangkan bagaimana
membuatnya.
By using the materials provided in the diagram, you are required to sketch a diagram of a rubbish trap with
your own creativity in the space below and explain how it works.

Penerangan/Explanation:

[3 markah/3 marks]

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