CIVIL ENGINEERING QUANTITIES & ESTIMATION

ECM 366
ASSIGNMENT
MAC – OCT 2024

Prepared By:

ANIS ZULAIKHA BINTI MD THANI

PEC1105F1

2020821484

PN NOR JANNA BINTI TAMMY

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 CIVIL ENGINEERING QUANTITIES & ESTIMATION
ECM366
ASSIGNMENT
MAC - OCT 2024

COPO DESCRIPTION DOMAIN

CO2 Manage cost estimation using appropriate techniques and
engineering tools with an awareness of the limitation PSYCHOMOTOR
PO5 Apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern LEVEL 5
engineering and IT tools to well-defined engineering (P5)
problems, with an awareness of the limitations

WEIGHTAGE MARKS TOTAL

ITEM ASPECT
(%) DISTRIBUTION MARKS
INTRODUCTION/ PROBLEM
1 10
STATEMENT
2 BASIC CONCEPTS 10
METHOD/ APPLICATION/ SCOPE 20
3 OF WORKS 10
10
4 ANALYSIS/ RESULTS 30
5 DISCUSSION/ CONCLUSION 10
TOTAL MARKS 100

ENDORSEMENT BY RESOURCE PERSON (RP) :

DUE DATE : 16 JUNE 2024

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INSTRUCTIONS:

Students are given a drawing as in Figure 1.0 which shows the layout plan of all columns and
footings. Specific dimensions mentioned in this plan are in meters (m). Given that the concrete
cover is 25 mm for all columns and 30 mm for all footings. The details of the dimensions and
steelreinforcement as shown in Table 1.0.
i) Sketch and draw the Elevation also a Section view for all stumps and footings if the
minimum depth of ground level is 1500 mm.
ii) Prepare a taking-off sheet for concrete work (Grade 30), reinforcement, and
formwork (38 mm thickness) based on the detailing figure in your answer from part
(i) above.
iii) Prepare a bill of quantities to get the overall cost estimate from the calculation in
Part (ii). Students need to get the price from the supplier or any source and should
be evidenced in the report as an Appendix.

Layout Plan

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 Table 1.0

Footing Size (mm) Reinforcement

COLUMN / Column Main Bar Ties Stump Main Bar Ties
FOOTING Size (mm) Size (mm) B L H XDirBAR YDirBAR
C1/ F1 150 x 200 4T16 R6-150 350 x 450 6T16 R6-175 550 600 600 T12-100 T12-100
C2/ F2 250 x 175 4T20 R10-150 550 x 400 6T20 R6-175 750 600 600 T16-100 T16-100

GUIDELINE FOR THE REPORT WRITING

1. Report proposal CONTENT must be all the information required from Part (i) - Part (iii)
2. DO NOT Plagiarize and DO NOT “Cut and Paste” the whole content from articles found on the internet.
3. Refer to the RUBRIC OF ASSESSMENT to guide the report writing.

FORMAT OF REPORT:

1. FONT: Arial (11 font size)

2. PAGE NUMBERS: placed on the right side at the bottom of the page.
3. REFERENCES
4. APPENDIX

Guidelines for References:

From article/Journal/Books/Magazines

Name of author (Year of Publication). “Title of article/journal/book”, Publisher, pages. Example 1:

Noor, R. N. H. R. M, Redzuan, A. R. M, Endut, I. R, Shehu, Z and Halim, A. (2013). “The Quantification of Local Construction Waste for The Current Construction
Waste Management Practices: A Case Study in Klang Valley”, Business Engineering and Industrial Applications Colloquium (BEIAC), 2013. IEEE, pp 183 – 188.
Example 2:

Wang, J. Y and Kang, X. P. (2008). An Investigation of Construction Waste: An Empirical Study in Shenzen. Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology. Vol. 6.
No. 3. pp. 227 - 36.

From internet sources/Online materials (Articles/Newspaper)

Source (Year of Report). “Title of articles/newspaper”, webpage link, date of retrieved Example:

BERNAMA (2009). “Lack of Insulation in Malaysian Buildings Key Cause of High Energy Bills” from
http://www.mimg.org.my/cms_mimg/newsfile/201005242219550.mimginbernama.pd
Retrieved on 19/03/2010.

DEADLINE:

Students should submit in the report by WEEK 11

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

Students must complete this individual task to learn about and comprehend taking-off and bill of
quantities. Fortunately, I had managed to complete every task with the help of my lecturer.

Quantity surveying and civil engineering estimating are essential elements of the construction
sector. Through the methodical calculation of project quantities and costs, these procedures are
carried out. In addition to serving as a basis for financial planning and resource allocation,
accurate projections guarantee that projects are finished on time and under budget.
Measurements of the labor, materials, equipment, and overheads needed to finish a project
following design standards are usually part of the process.

As a result, as I already indicated, I found it difficult to compare the costs of each material and
supplier. However, in the end, I was able to select the best material quality and firm. Selecting the
contractor who can provide the highest material quality at the lowest cost should be our first focus
as contractors. Utilizing the formula found in the calculation section, I successfully completed
everything.

PROBLEM STATEMENT

One of the biggest problems in civil engineering is estimating quantities and expenses for
construction projects with precision. Project delays, financial overruns, resource shortages, and
even project disasters can all result from inaccurate estimations. This problem is made more
difficult by the variety of contemporary building projects as well as the fluctuation in labor rates,
material costs, and site circumstances.

"Given the variations in labor rates, material costs, and site circumstances, how can civil
engineers create trustworthy and accurate estimates for construction projects to guarantee that
they are finished on schedule and within budget?"

This assignment is divided into two stages. Setting up the take-off for the selected footing and
stump is the first step. Students in the initial level also require basic knowledge to apply them for
takeoff. Next, go to the second step, where pupils were required to list the materials in BOQ form.
It will be challenging to compile the costs of each material, though.

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2.0 BASIC CONCEPTS

To estimate the costs and resources needed to finish a construction project, civil engineering
estimating, and quantity surveying are fundamental components of construction management.
These are the basic concepts:

1. Estimation:

Definition: Estimation is the process of projecting, from preliminary design and requirements, the
costs, quantities, and resources required for a building project.

Intention: It facilitates financial planning, resource allocation, and budget preparation, ensuring
that a project may be finished within the estimated budget.

2. Quantity Surveying:

Definition: Quantity surveying is the process of measuring and calculating the amount of labor,
equipment, and materials needed for a project.

Intention: To offer comprehensive data on the resources required for building, enabling precise
cost estimation and effective resource management.

3. Taking-Off:

Definition and Purpose: The taking-off sheet is where the taking-off computation needs to be
completed. The four columns of the sheet are designated as columns A, B, C, and D, and each
has a distinct purpose. Additionally, I took advantage of the plan's initial value, expressed in
millimeters. The material's length and the number of stirrups or links utilized in the construction
are calculated in Column D. The computation of either the area or the volume then moves on to
the B columns. Next, all the material's quantity units are listed in the A column. Finally, the
computation of the total area multiplied by the material quantity is shown in the C column.

4. Bill of Quantities (BOQ):

Definition: An elaborate document that specifies all the material and resource quantities required
for a building project.

Purpose: It provides an outline for contract management, tendering, and cost estimation.

5. Project Management Tools:

Software: For estimating and quantity surveying, tools like Microsoft Excel, and AutoCAD or
specialized software like Primavera and CostX are employed.

Documentation: Accurate record-keeping and documentation are essential for project tracking
and accountability during the estimating and construction phases.

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3.0 METHODS/APPLICATION/SCOPE OF WORK

Footing F1

As shown in the appendix above, the details of the footing C1/F1, the T12 – 100 main
reinforcement steel was used in this footing, and the size of the stump is 350 x 450 mm.

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Footing F2

As shown in the appendix above, the details of the footing C12/F2, the T16 – 100 main
reinforcement steel was used in this footing, and the size of the stump is 550 x 400 mm.

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4.0 ANALYSIS/RESULTS

TAKING OFF - FOOTING C1/F1

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10
TAKING OFF – FOOTING C2/F2

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12
BILL OF QUANTITIES

ITEM DESCRIPTION QUANTITY UNIT UNIT RATE (RM) AMOUNT (RM)

1 Concrete Work :
Grade 30 6. 60 m3 390. 00 2574. 00

2 Reinforcement :

Mild Steel Bar:

Nominal Diameter 6mm

R6, 86.5+13.3 = 99.8m,
(3.14x0.003^2x99.8x7850) 22.14 Kg 4. 10 90. 77

High-Tensile Bar:

Nominal Diameter 12mm

T12, 23.52+26.12= 49.64m,
(3.14x0.006^2x49.64x7850) 44. 10 Kg 4. 30 189. 63

Nominal Diameter 16mm

T16, 91.3+27.76+45= 164.06m,
(3.14x0.008^2x164.06x7850) 258. 81 Kg 4. 20 1087. 00

Nominal Diameter 20mm

T20, 127m,
(3.14x0.01^2x127x7850) 313. 04 Kg 4. 20 1314. 77

3 Formwork (38mm thickness)

Formwork for Pad Footing

F1+F2
(5.04+4.62+8.1+6.4 ) 24.24 m2 55. 00 1333. 20

Formwork for Stump

F1+F2
(5.67+4.41+4.46+3.24) 17.78 m2 60. 00 1066. 80

TOTAL BILL RM 7,656. 17

(Density steel bar, assume = 7850 kg/m3)

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5.0 DISCUSSION/CONLCUSION

Discussion

Cost is a complex subject that extends well beyond the project budget, as we have seen. The
company uses cost information in a variety of ways, and the data must be specific to the area it
is meant to serve.

When project managers are planning a project, and especially when creating a project budget, it
is essential to comprehend the different expenses that the project will incur in order to successfully
budget for it. Additionally, by being aware of the total cost for a certain business in a particular
industry, project managers will be able to create budgets that successfully account for costs and
provide results.

The difficulty contractors face is determining the offering price in a timely manner prior to the
bidding procedure. Often, the offering price is set in conjunction with the unit price per piece of
work. This has an impact on the often-imprecise calculations used to estimate the offering price.
Rapid cost estimation of construction work is important to circumvent the previously mentioned
issue, however this usually encounters difficulties in the early stages of data and information
initiatives.

If specifications alter, an estimate can only be produced if the following requirements are satisfied:

- Drawings (section, elevation, and plan views)

- Detailed specifications, including material and workmanship attributes

- The current year's rate schedule

Conclusion

In summary, this project teaches us in construction management that taking off and the bill of
quantities are critical to preventing waste and losses. Additionally, we must choose the best
supplier to offer materials at a fair price. We can use the money from this assignment in the best
possible way to prevent losses and take advantage of the supplier. This will enable us to handle
any construction with greater caution. The task has been completed effectively.

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6.0 REFERENCES

- Wrike (2006) “What is Cost Estimation in Project Management” from

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.wrike.com/project-
management-guide/faq/what-is-cost-estimation-in-project-
management/&ved=2ahUKEwj179yfx6j8AhWozjgGHeorD64QFnoECAkQAQ&usg=AOvVaw2kT
NaP5QOd-Vt_whx57s8N

- Hostgator (2022) “Prices of Building Materials” from

http://quantitysurveyoronline.com.my/materials-prices.html

Retrieved on 6/9/2022

- Universiti Teknologi MARA (2022) “Civil Engineering Quantities and Estimation” pp 4

- Material Prices – Quantity Surveyor

https://quantitysurveyoronline.com.my/materials-prices.html

Retrieved on May 2024

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7.0 APPENDIX

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