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com

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Newtonian Mechanics
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Work, Energy and Power
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Marline Kurishingal

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Energy possessed by a body is the capacity of

the body to do work.
State the principle of conservation of energy.
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed,
but can be converted from one form to
another (or others).
The total amount of energy in any closed
system is constant.
Energy and work are both scalar quantities,
and have the unit Joule.

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Work in terms of the product of a force and displacement in the

direction of the force

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Define Work

In cases, where no angle is given, you may use the equation

W = Fs
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Unit of Work

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Work done by a constant force

Sample problem - 1

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Sample problem 2 - Solve it!

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Sample problem 3 – Solve it!

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Sample problem 4 – Solve it !

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Example 5 – Solve it !

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Example 6 – Solve it !

• How much work is done by a person who uses

a force of 27.5N to move a trolley 12.3m?

W = F x d = (27.5N) (12.3m)
= 338.25J

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Special case

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Try to solve it !

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Derive from Equations of motion (KE)

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Derive from Equations of motion (KE)

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Sample problem 1 – Solve it !

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Energy in different forms, its

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Gravitational potential energy, Electric potential energy

and Elastic potential energy

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Give EXAMPLES of energy in

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different forms and its

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conversion

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Check your understanding!

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=end
screen&NR=1&v=tdl8wnQOkjM

• http://science.howstuffworks.com/engineerin
g/structural/roller-coaster3.htm

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More Examples of Energy conversion

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Internal Energy
• Matter consists of atoms and molecules and these are
made up of particles having kinetic energy and
Potential energy.

• We can define the Internal energy of a system as the

sum of the kinetic energy of all its constituent particles
plus the sum of all the potential energy of interaction
among these particles in the system.

Note : The internal energy does not include potential

energy arising out of interaction between the system
and it surroundings.

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The implications of energy losses in practical devices and

use the concept of efficiency to solve problems

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Sample Problem

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the potential energy changes near the Earth’s surface

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Sample problem

• Figure shows a dam with

storage of water. The
outlet of the dam is 20 m
below the surface of the
water in the reservoir.
Water leaving the dam is
moving at 16m/s.
Calculate the % of G.P.E
that is lost when
converted into K.E.

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Solution

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Define power as work done per unit time and

derive power as the product of force and velocity.

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Sample problem 1

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Sample problem 2 – Solve it!

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Solution on next slide

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Solutions for the question in previous slide

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 Relationship between force and
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potential energy in a uniform field

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Sample problem – Solve it!

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