PE FILE

History -Badminton originated in British India in the mid-19th century, inspired by the game "Poona."
British army officers brought it back to England, where it was named after the Duke of Beaufort's
Badminton House. The sport quickly gained popularity, leading to the establishment of the Badminton
Association of England in 1893 and the first All England Championships in 1899. The International
Badminton Federation (now Badminton World Federation) was founded in 1934. Badminton became
an Olympic sport in 1992. Known for its fast pace and agility, it continues to be popular worldwide,
especially in Asia and Europe.

Scope in the future - The future of badminton looks promising, with growing global
popularity and increasing investments. The sport is expanding in regions like Africa and the
Americas, beyond its strongholds in Asia and Europe. Technological advancements, such as
smart rackets and enhanced broadcast techniques, are enhancing player performance and
viewer experience. Inclusion in the Olympic Games has boosted its profile, and grassroots
programs are nurturing young talent worldwide. Sustainability efforts and innovative
formats, like the Badminton World Federation's new tournament structures, aim to attract a
broader audience. With continued support, badminton is set to flourish further, becoming
more competitive and widely appreciated.

Types of grounds and measurments-Badminton is typically played on the following types of

courts:

1. Indoor Courts: The most common and standard type for professional and
recreational play. These courts have specific dimensions and are usually made of
wood or synthetic materials, providing a good grip and reducing the risk of injury.
2. Outdoor Courts: Though less common for formal play, badminton can be played on
various outdoor surfaces like grass, sand, or concrete. Outdoor play often occurs in a
casual or recreational context, as wind and weather can affect the game.
3. Beach Courts: A variant of outdoor courts, beach badminton is played on sand. This
version is gaining popularity for its unique challenge and fun, relaxed atmosphere.

Each type of court offers a different playing experience, with indoor courts being the
standard for competitive badminton.

Rules -Badminton rules are established by the Badminton World Federation (BWF). Here are
the key rules:

1. Scoring System: Matches are played best of three games. Each game is played to 21
points, with a two-point difference needed to win (up to a maximum of 30 points).
2. Serving: Serves must be underhand and below the server's waist. In singles, serve
from the right side if the score is even and from the left if odd. In doubles, the
server's partner must stand within their respective service courts.
3. Serving and Receiving Courts: Players serve diagonally across the net into the
opponent's service court. Only the receiving player can return the serve.
4. Faults: A point is awarded to the opponent if the shuttlecock lands outside the
boundaries, fails to cross the net, or is hit more than once before it crosses the net.
Touching the net with the body or racket and invading the opponent's court are also
faults.
5. Let: A let is called for a rally to be replayed without changing the score if
interruptions occur, like the shuttlecock getting stuck in the net or server errors not
caused by the receiver.
6. Player Rotation: In doubles, the serving side rotates courts after winning a point
while maintaining the same server. The receiving side does not rotate.

1. Equipment -Racket: A lightweight racket made from materials like carbon fiber or
aluminum. It has a handle, shaft, and an oval head strung with synthetic strings.
2. Shuttlecock: The projectile used in badminton, typically made of 16 feathers
embedded in a cork base covered with leather. Plastic shuttlecocks are also common
for recreational play.
3. Net: A net that is 1.55 meters high at the edges and 1.524 meters high at the center.
It divides the court into two equal halves.
4. Court: A rectangular playing area, 13.4 meters long and 6.1 meters wide for doubles,
and 5.18 meters wide for singles. It is marked with boundary lines for singles and
doubles play.
5. Shoes: Non-marking shoes with good grip and cushioning to support quick
movements and prevent injuries.

1. Skills and techniques - Footwork: Efficient movement around the court is crucial.
Proper footwork involves quick, precise steps, and the ability to change direction
swiftly to reach the shuttlecock.

2. Grip: Knowing the correct grip for different shots is essential. The forehand grip and
backhand grip are the two primary grips, allowing players to control the shuttlecock
effectively.

3. Strokes:

 Clear: A high, deep shot to push the opponent to the back of the court.
 Drop Shot: A soft shot that just clears the net and falls quickly into the
opponent's front court.
 Smash: A powerful, downward shot aimed to end the rally by making it
difficult for the opponent to return.
 Drive: A fast and flat shot that travels directly over the net.]
 Net Shot: A delicate shot played near the net, causing the shuttlecock to
tumble over and drop quickly.
4. Serve: Effective serving can put the opponent on the defensive. Types include high
serve, low serve, flick serve, and drive serve.

5. Defensive Skills: Being able to anticipate and return smashes and other attacking
shots. This includes having quick reflexes and solid defensive positioning.

6. Positioning: Maintaining an optimal position on the court to cover all areas

effectively and be prepared for the opponent’s shots.
7. Stamina and Endurance: High fitness levels are necessary to maintain speed, agility,
and concentration throughout long matches.

1. Tournaments- Olympic Games: Badminton has been an Olympic sport since 1992,
featuring men's and women's singles, doubles, and mixed doubles events.
2. BWF World Championships: Organized by the Badminton World Federation (BWF),
this annual event (except in Olympic years) crowns world champions in singles,
doubles, and mixed doubles.
3. Thomas Cup: The world men's team championship, held every two years, featuring
teams from across the globe.
4. BWF World Tour: A series of tournaments categorized into Super 1000, Super 750,
Super 500, Super 300, and Super 100 events, offering ranking points and prize
money. Key tournaments include the Indonesia Open, China Open, and Malaysia
Open.
5. Continental Championships: Includes the Asian Championships, European
Championships, Pan American Championships, African Championships, and Oceania
Championships, determining the best players on each continent.
6. National Championships: Countries host their own championships to crown national
champions and provide ranking points.
7. Junior Championships: Events like the BWF World Junior Championships and
various continental junior championships nurture young talent.