Barium,Ba2+

AIM: To identify the basic radical present in the given salt sample.
A) PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS:-
(i) Colour-white, (ii) Odour- odourless
(iii) State-Crystalline, (iv) Solubility-Soluble in water
(B) DRY TESTS FOR BASIC RADICAL

S.No Experiment Observation Inference

(i) NaOH bead test-To a pinch of salt taken in a dry No gas with NH 4 + absent
test tube, 1or2 pellets of NaOH was added and ammoniacal smell
heated evolve.
(ii) Flame test-A paste of salt with conc HCl was Apple green Ba2+ indicated
placed on the loop of a clean platinum wire and colouration observed
introduced to the non-luminous flame.
(C)WET TEST FOR BASIC RADICAL :

Preparation of original solution- A little amount of salt was taken in a clean dry test tube to which 5 ml distilled water
was added. The test tube was shaken till the salt dissolved and a clear solution was obtained. This solution is labeled as
original solution (o.s)

(D)TEST FOR GROUP ZERO:-

S.No Experiment Observation Inference

1. Nessler's reagent test- To the os,Nessler's No reddish-brown ppt. NH4+ absent
reagent was added. or colouration
obtained

(E) GROUP ANALYSIS:

To the original solution dil HCl is added

No ppt. formed H2S gas is passed through the above solution
Gr. I is absent.
No ppt. formed To the aqueous solution solid NH4Cl & excess NH4OH is added.
Gr. II is absent. No ppt. formed H2S gas is passed through the above solution.
Gr. III is absent. No ppt. formed To the aqueous solution
Gr. IV is (NH4)2CO3 solution is added
absent. White ppt. forms
Gr. V is present.
Ba2+ may be present

(F) CONFIRMATORY TEST OF Ba2+

S.No Experiment Observation Inference
(i) To o.s potassium chromate solution was added. Yellow ppt. formed. Ba2+ is
confirmed.
(G)Chemical equations involved –

1. Ba2+ + (NH4)2CO3 → BaCO3 ↓ + 2NH4+

White ppt.

2. Ba2+ + K2CrO4 → BaCrO4 ↓ + 2K+

Yellow ppt.

(H)Result – The basic radical present in the given sample is barium ion (Ba2+)