CONFIDENTIAL AS/FEB 2023/MST453

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

FINAL EXAMINATION

COURSE INTRODUCTION TO MATERIAL SCIENCE

COURSE CODE MST453
EXAMINATION FEBRUARY 2023
TIME 2 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

1. This question paper consists of two (2) parts: PART A (2 Questions)

PART B (13 Questions)

2. Answer ALL questions in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page.

3. Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the
invigilator.

4. Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of:

the Question Paper

i. a one - page Appendix
i. an Answer Booklet - provided by the Faculty

5. Answer ALL questions in English.

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

This examination paper consists of 5 printed pages
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PART A
Answer all questions.

QUESTION 1

a) Describe the following types of imperfections in metal lattices,

i) Zero-dimensional defects,
ii) One-dimensional defects
iii) Two-dimensional defects
(12 marks)

b) The presence of imperfections has a significant impact on the properties of some

materials,
i) Illustrate the steps in crystal solidification during material growth formation.
(4 marks)

ii) Identify two (2) factors that affect the mechanical properties of the materials.
(4 marks)

c) If a metal has 800 grains per square inch at 200x, evaluate the ASTM grain size number.
(4 marks)

QUESTION 2

a) Explain the energy band structures of the materials listed below, using appropriate
diagrams and labelling.
i) Metals
ii) Semiconductors
iii) Insulators
(12 marks)

b) Predict the effect of porosity on current flow in a material sample.

(8 marks)

c) You would like to select material for the electrical contacts in an electrical switching device
which opens and closes frequently and forcefully. Summarize the properties that the
contact material should have. Determine whether AI2O3 is a suitable material. Justify your
answer.
(10 marks)

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PARTB
Answer all questions.

QUESTION 1
There is no single material that can be used in all environmental and temperature conditions.
As a result, it is critical to select the proper metal or alloy for a specific corrosive service. Find
out whether this statement is true or false.
a) True
b) False
(2 marks)

QUESTION 2
Estimate the ASTM grain size number of 600 grains per square inch on a metal at 100x.
a) 8.29
b) 23.10
c) 10.23
d) 7.39
(2 marks)

QUESTION 3
Find the correct statement about energy band structure.
a) Valence band is the energy levels filled by electrons in their highest energy states.
b) Conduction band is the filled energy levels into which electrons can be excited to provide
conductivity.
c) Holes are unfilled energy levels in the valence band.
d) Energy gap is the energy between the top of the conduction band and the bottom of the
valence band that a charge carrier must obtain before it can transfer a charge.
(2 marks)

QUESTION 4
The , forms when an atom leaves its regular position thus creating a
there, and becomes by positioning itself into nearby interstitial
location. Indicate the best possible answer to fill in the blank.
a) Schottky's defect, interstitial, vacancy
b) Frenkel defect, vacancy, interstitial
c) vacancy defect, vacancy, interstitial
d) line defect, interstitial, vacancy
(2 marks)

QUESTION 5
Based on the band theory, an increase in the number of atoms participating in crystal formation
leads to in the number of molecular orbitals containing electrons. Depict the best
answer to fill in the blank.
a) decrease
b) increase
c) no change
d) either increase or decrease
(2 marks)
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QUESTION 6
The diffusivity depends on various factors. Estimate which statement is not correct.
a) Type of diffusion: Whether the diffusion is interstitial or substitutional
b) Temperature: As the temperature increases diffusivity decreases.
c) Type of crystal structure: BCC crystal has lower APF than FCC and hence has higher
diffusivity.
d) The concentration of diffusing species: Higher concentrations of diffusing solute atoms will
affect diffusivity.
(2 marks)

QUESTION 7
Find the amount of heat that must be supplied to 250g of tungsten to raise its temperature
from 25°C to 650°C if the specific heat of tungsten is 0.032 cal/g.K.
a) 5 cal
b) 500 cal
c) 5000 cal
d) 50000 cal
(2 marks)

QUESTION 8
The is defined as the property of a material due to which it is
deformed due to loading. is the temporary form of deformation. Give the best
possible answer to fill in the blank.
a) plasticity, temporary, Twinning
b) plasticity, permanently, Elasticity
c) slip deformation, permanently, Elasticity
d) plasticity, temporary, Slip deformation
(2 marks)

QUESTION 9
A 4 m long soda lime glass sheet is produced at 1200°C. Determine its length after it cools
to 25°C. Given that coefficient of thermal expansion (a) = 9 x 10"6 m/m°C.
a) 7.459
b) 6.571
c) 3.958
d) 6.957
(2 marks)

QUESTION 10
The relationship between the linear coefficient of thermal expansion and the melting
temperature in metals demonstrates that metals with higher melting points tend to expand
more. Determine whether this statement is true or false.
a) True
b) False
(2 marks)

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QUESTION 11
The stress strain curve of ceramic is shown in the figure below. Determine the correct curve.

b)

I
c) d)

(2 marks)
QUESTION 12
Assuming that all of the valence electrons contribute to current flow, measure the average
drift velocity for electrons in a 100 cm copper wire when 10 V are applied. Given that the
mobility of an electron in copper is 44.2 cm2A/.
a) 0.42 cm/s
b) 0.1 cm/s
c) 4.42 cm/s
d) 44.42 cm/s

(2 marks)
QUESTION 13
The conductivity of pure copper is 5.98 x 105 Q~1.cm"1 the resistivity of copper at room
temperature is 1.67 x 10"6 ohm.cm. The temperature resistivity coefficient is 0.0068
ohm.cm/°C. Evaluate the value of resistivity (p) at 600°C.
a) 5.929 xlO- 6
b) 0.251 x10" 6
c) 7.064 xlO- 6
d) 8.200 xlO"6
(2 marks)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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CONFIDENTIAL