Correlation of mothers behavior

in autistic children with DMF-T

Value and Dental Care Need
by Indah Permatasari

Submission date: 26-Jan-2021 10:19AM (UTC+0800)

Submission ID: 1494444836
File name: r_in_autistic_children_with_DMF-T_Value_and_Dental_Care_Need.pdf (365.05K)
Word count: 2959
Character count: 15495
 ISSN 0975-2366
OOI:https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2020.12.04.224
Reseazcfi
Artlcle

Correlation Of Molher's Behavior In Autistic Children

Wilh DMF-T Velue And Dental Core Need
INDAH PERMATASARI', TANIA SASKIANTI2', MEGA MOEHARYONO*
Sfudenf of Denfol Medicine, FOCully of Denfal Medicine, Airlongga University, Suraboyo - Indonesia
*5foF of Deporfemenf Pediatric Denlisfry, Denfal Medicine Faculfy, Airlonggo Universily Surab0ya -
Indonesia
*Corresponding Aufhor
Email ID: fonio-s@fkg.unoir.oc.id*
Received: 15.04.10, Revised: 11.05.20, Accepted: 07.06.10

ABSTRACT
Background: The prevalence of autism is 6 per 1000 people, usually seen before a child is 3 years
old. Th e main characteristics of autism are related to problems of social interaction with others, d
isturbances in communication, repetitive, behavioral repetition, and cognitive instabilit}'.
Purpose: To analyze the relationship between the mother's behavior with autistic child ren in terms of DMF-T
values and dental care needs.
b ethods: This study is observational analytic by using cross-sectional research design. Data collection was
obtained from the filling out of the HU-DBI (Hiroshima Universit}' - Dental Behavioral Inventory)
questionnaire.
Results: After analyzing the results of the study, it is known th&t the significance value (p) is* 0.05, so there
is no correlation between mother's behavior and DMF-T / dmf-t value (DMF-T score) both in
terms of knowledge, attitudes, Practice and correlations with dental are needs.
Conclusion: the results of research that has been done shows that there is no signific&nt
relationship beMeen knowledge, attitudes, and practic:e in maintaining orxl health with caries index and
care needs in children with autism.
Keywords: DMF-T index, Mother Behavior, Autism

INTRODUCTION
Autism is a disorder a* nerve developmenf thot
Causes children to seem unable to connecf with
others"’, as if they live in their own world . Aufism
in mole children is 3-4 times higher fhon female
children. The prevo lence of oufism is 6 per
1000 people, usually seen beDre a child is 3
years old[*’. The main chorocferisfics of oufism
ore related la problems of social inferocfion with
others, disturbances in communication, repefifive,
behavioral repetition’**, and cognitive insfobilify!".
There ore no specific oral manifestations in
autistic children have been described, although
oral hygiene of autistic children is known to be
locking. However, many Outhors hove found the
prevalence of dental caries to be no different
compa red to non-a ufistic individuals, and in
some cases the prevalence o* caries in oufisfic
children is even relofively lot".
Some Actors fh at abet children’s dental health
ore parents must pay oftention to children's
dental heolth[^’, infroduCe children to denfisfs,
and leach children to a lwoys brush fheir teefh at
night”-* Other doctors thot inHuence a re the
environment, education, income”^’. This co n be
ink uenced by fhe & mily / porenh of outisfic chil
dren where
fhose who teach Ihe skills and habits in the
daily lix of oufisfic children" ". For this reo son,
fhe oral and denial heolfh of children with
oufism is very dependent in parents where
parents oct as the first person known by
children who always eduCofe, froin and love
fhe chil dren"*’. In fhis case, especially mothers,
mothers as the cl osest people to children who
always educate, teach, and froin fheir children's
skills in porficulo r in ferms of maintaining oral
hygiene"*’. A child who is usually not very critical
about som efhing will fend to fa ke a position
similo r to fhe offifude of his mother because of
the imitation process of fhe model thof he
considers importo nt"". Hum on behavior con be
divided into fhree kinds of aspects, nom ely
knowledge, oflifud es" '^’, and behavior””.
Mother's behavior regarding oral health con be
used as on exam ple by Children so fhot it Con
be used to predict fhe status or condifion of oral
health of their children"*. The purpose of this
sfudy was to analyze the relationship between
fhe mether’s behavior with autistic children in
ferm s of DMF-T values and denfol core needs

15701 International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 1 Oct - Dec 2020 1 Vol 1 2 1 Issue 4
Indoh Permotosori et ol / Correlation Of Mother's Behavior In Autisac Children Wi*h Dmf-T Value And
Dental Core Need

MATERIAL AND METHOD behavior in maintaining oral and dental hygiene

This study is observotonol analytic by using cross- by mothers as parents of oufistic children and
sectional research design. The study was dental health checks using the DMF-T / dmf-I
conducted at Extraordinary School of AGCA Index.
Center huroboyo. The population in this sfudy
were all chil Wren uli ognoseul with autism in the REsuLTs
Extroordino ry School, wi*h total of 3 4 subi•< * This study wo s concl uctecl on E xtroordinory School
along with parents a* autistic childr en in of AGCA Center students in Suroboyo with a total
accord once with the sompie criteri o. The som pie of 3 4 a utisti c children a nd their biological
so mpling technique used is totsI sampling . parents as responulents in September - OctOber
Data collect on was obtained from the filling out 2018.
of the HU- DBI (Hiroshima University - Dental
Behaviors I I nven1ory) questi onnoire regording

Table 1: Distribution Characteristic of children with autism

Chorocferisfic Frequency Percento ge

(%)
Age
3-i$ years 8 23,5
7-9 years 17 5O
10 years 9 26,5
Mother’s eduCofion level
Primary Education (Elementary/Middle/ High school) 7 20,6
College 27 79,4
Mother’s Empl oymenf Sfotus
Nof employed 16 47
Government Employee 8,8
Privofe Employee 11 37.4
Other 4 11,8
Mother’s Income
< Rp 1.000.000,- 1 2,9
Rp 1.000.000 - Rp 3.000.000 b 17,6
> Rp 3.000.000,- 17 50
Other 10 29,4
CIossiJicotion oJ Caries Severin (DMF-T / dm*-t Index)
Very Low = 0,0 - 1,1 22 64,8
Low = 1,2 - 2,6 4 11,8
Moderate = 2,7 - 4,4 4 11,8
Hlgh = 4,5 - 6,5 2 5,8
Very High = b,b 2 5,8
Denial core need s of children with autism
1 12 35,1
2 2 5,9
0 0
Not Needed 20 58,9
Mother’s behavior in maintaining oral health o* fheir
children
Knowledg e 100
High 0 0
Low
Altitude 31 91,1
High
Low
8,9
Practice 18
High 16 53
47
Low

15711 International Jixirn al of Ph ii inaceriticiil Rese irch I €kt - Dec 2()2(I 1 Vol 1 2 1 Isstie 4
Indah Permotosari et al / Correlation Of Mother's Behavior In Autistic Children Wifh Dmf-T Value And
Denfol Care Need
Table 2: Spearman’s correlation between mother's behavior and DMF-T / dmf-I score
Kno@edg e
*'8 (P) r
SCORE DMF-T 0,4 -0,1
Dental Core Needs 0,2 -0,19
After analyzing the resulk of the sfudy, it is known
fhot the significance value (p) is> 0.05, so there
is no correlation befween mother's behavior and
OMF-T / dm*-I value (OMF-T score) both in term s
of knowledge, altitudes, Procfice and correlations
with denfol care need s .
DiscusSlON
In this study, the percentage of Oufisfic children
fhot examined was mole by $1.7°é and bmole
by 38.3°4. This is in line with Nugroheni's 2012
sfudy, which previously slated thot the
prevalence of Oufism ranges from 1-2 per 1000
population, with more mole distribution fhon
female (4: l ). This is related to differences in
hormone production. In the mole, produce
higher testosterone hormone fh an female
otherwise, female produce higher esfrogen
hormone than male. Both of these hormones
have the opposite function of a brain regulofing
gene called retinoic acid related orphan receptor
alpha or ROW The hormone testosterone con
inhibit the performance of RORA while esFogen
increases the work of RORA. If fhe work oT
RORA is hampered there will be a problem of
brain coordination, for example a gene should
hove the task of protecting nerve cells from
stress and inflammation but if its performance is
inhibited then the cell is unable to work
properly””.
In the resulfs of study on the caries index or caries
severify of Outistic children aged 3-14 years
showed fhot 44°A of respondents had denial
caries and obtained an average o* DMF-T of 1.5
which according to fhe classification oT caries
severify according to WHO showed a low
severify level. From the results of the sfudy, dental
caries percentage with very low caries severity is
64.8°4, at low caries severify is 11.8°é,
moderate caries severify is 11.6°4, high caries
severity is 5.8°4, and very high severify at 5.8°é.
In the results of the study, Oil respondents hove
a high level of knowledge of 100°é. This can be
caused by the
•« ioriIy of respondenfs, as many as 79.4 1°é
hove the college education, while respondents
with the prim ary education
(Elementary/Middle/High) are 20.58°é.
Education can affecf a person’s healfh sfafus.
The higher the level of one’s education, the
easier it is to receive information’ ’. Someone
who has a higher education will hove better
knowledge in maintaining and caring for his
teeth’°’’.
15721 International Jmirnal of Pharmaceutical Research 1 Oct - Dec 2020 1 Vol 12 1 Issue 4
Attifude Procfice
*'8 (P) ^ *'8 (P)
O,6 0,08 0,8 0,03
0,3 0,1 0,2 0,2
In the results of the study, as mony as 9l .1°â of
respondents had good oftifudes, while as mony
as 8.8°â had poor altitudes. This is in line with
research conducted by Okforina in 2016 fhot
fhere is a relationship between fhe level of
parental offitudes about oral health with the
Practice of mainfaining dental health in children.
Education will enhance information and
influence fhe development of one's altitude
towards newly infroduced values’ ’. According to
Notoatmod i (2007), Offitude is the readiness of
an individual to o4 according fa his feelings and
thoughts based on values believed . So that
Ofhtudes can be learned, not carried from birfh,
not settled then fhey can change. And if can be
said thot Oflitude is the beginning of behavior
fhot influences one’s actions.
While the results of the research ospe4s of the
action showed thot as much as 91.1°4 of
respondents had good behavior, while as mony
as 8.8°4 had bad behavior. The resulfs of this
study are fhe same as the resulfs of research
conduCted by Ahmad et ol (2009) also saying
there is no significant relationship between the
behavior and severity index of dental caries’“’.
The absence oT relofionship between behavior
regarding maintenance of denial health and
caries mOy hove caused by the ocfions fhat
hove foken place but Ore sfill dependent on fhe
claim or guid ance.
However, offer analyzing the data, this study
showed that there was no significanf
relationship befween mother's behavior with
periodontal tissue and periodontal core needs in
autistic children (p> 0.05) in terms o*
knowledge, affitudes, and
a4ions. This is in line with Oktorino, Tum• i' and
Roosihermiatie's research in 2016 that there is
no significant relationship befween Mother's
behavior (knowledge, Oflitudes, and practice)
with the oral health of children. This con be
caused because knowledge, Oflitudes, and
practice are not the only factors thot influence a
person’s behavior. In fhe research of Oktorina,
et al (2016), as Blum's Theory states thot fhe
oral or dental health status of a person or
communify is influenced by Our important
fcicfors namely heredity, environment (physical
and cultural), behavior, and health services.
Mofher’s parenting also influences the mother's
behavior in caring Mr and moinfoining the child’s
dental health.
In this study 44.1’4 of parents o* children with
Indoh Permotosori et ol / Correlation Of Mother's Behavior In Autisac Children Wi*h Dmf-T Value And
Dental Core Need

autism use BPJ5 Insurence. I n a of ition to income Napitupulu D, Seciawan MI, et al. I mplemencation
and employrn ent, health insurance ol so ho s a of augmented realic/ to train foEus on children
si gnif ico nt im pa ct on dental core. The use of with special needs [I nternetj. I n: 2nd
dental insurance con reduce or even eliminate the International Conference on Computing and
cost of d entol and oral core, causing a hi gh Applied Informatics 20 17, lCCAl 20 l7.
demand *or densI and oral heo lth core'*‘!, dental Department of Information Technology, Faculty
SCO)IU@ (1X 0 OFt, OFF SO OF tB // PE'O)tT
of Computer Science and Information
Techn ology, Universicas gumacera Ucara, Medan,
Guid ebook, 2014). Eo se of dento I health core
facilities provioed, co n encourog e mother s to take
I ndonesia: Institute of Physics Publishing; 20
their chil dren to the dentist in term s of core for 18.
children's teeth.This shows uniformity or 4. Chava M. Oral Health Assessment of a Group
of Children with Autism Disorder. J Clin Pediatr
homogeneous data so thot there is no big
Dent 20 I 7;4 I(2): 147—9.
ii Terence in the DMF-T inoex of autism c children,
5. Orellana L, Silvestre F, Sanchis S. Oral
•• ›*•› +• •i• 'ty of chilulren with a uti sm hove a manifescBsions in a group of adults with
healthy tooth conditi on. I n children wi*h a uti sm
autism spectrum disorder. J Secc 0
oral health con be oHected because of a limiteo
dontostomatol Disabl or Spec patients 20 12;
understanding of the importance of mointoining
Achmad H, Praciwi R, Sumincarci, Ramadhany 5,
DDO! QO)t @I/ICU!tIQS iU CDFI1JUUICOhU@ DDO!
Mudjari S, Rahma M. Id entifiEation of early
health needs, and onticonvulso nt drugs thot hove childhood caries (EcE ) in children's preschool
on impoct on gingivol heo lth a nd fear of oral based on demographic risk laccor and ph
health proceD ures, Autisti c children *end to be saliva. Indian J Public H eBl Res Dev
hyperactive and hove uncontrolled muscle [Internetj 2019; 10(S):S98-603.
movements. Phildren wi*h autism ol so hove Iow
Ria N, Eyan oer P. Association of tooth brushing
so livory secretions, this con aIsa cause low oro I behavior with oral hygiene index among
hygiene of children with autism.This con be students using fixed appliance [lnternetj. In:
couseul by maternal background factors, L. W, D. W,
IU E) LV@ I N @ E'T 0 E'Ut, IPCOFF1E• ( S OCIO -E•COS OFF1I Ct W. M, J.K. B, P.C. E, M. de J, ec at., editors. I sc
mother’s eulucotion, and other Actors. Most InEernacional Conference on Tropical Medicine
autistic children come from poren*s who hove and I nfeccious Diseases, I CTROMI 20 17, in
hig h ocioeconomi c status so thot they ore more conjunction with The 23rd National Congress of
likely to g et health services in achieving a hi gher the Indonesian Society of Tropical and
degree a* dental health. Infectious Diseases Consultant, I STIC 20 17
and the 18th Annual Meeting of Int. Policeknik
CONCLUSION K esehacBn Kementerian K esehacan Medan, JI.
Based on the results of research thot has been Jamin Ginting KM. 13, Medan, 20 137, Indonesia:
done shows thot there is no significon* Institute of Physics Publishing; 2018.
relationship between knowled ge, oflitudes, ano B. Bahirrah S. Relationship of crowded teeth
practice in m ointoining oral health with caries and Oral Hygiene among urban population in
index and core neeos in chil dren with autism . Medan [lnternet§. In: 4th lnterrmtional
Conference on Friendly Cicy 20 17.
Conflict of interest: None Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry,
Universicas Sumatera Ucara, Kampus UM, ]1.
Source of Funding: Self- Alumni No 2, Medan, 20 155, Indonesia:
Institute of Physics Publishing; 20 18.
Funoing 9. Mufida L, Darmawan Setijanto R, Palupi R,
Bramantoro T, Ramadhan C, Ramadhani A.
Ethical Clearance Caries and dencBl and oral hygiene profile of
This study was approved by the Universito s drug (narcotics and dangerous drugs) users at
Airlo ngg a, Faculty of Demo I Meoicine Health drug r ehabilication centers. J Int Oral H eat
Research E*hicol Clearance Commission [Internetj 20 19; I I (7):So—9.
j p Bu di}anti AE. Prawacan Endodontik Pada Ariak.
REFERENcEs JakarcB: EGC; 2006.
I . MebEi F, IndriyanEi R, Seciawan AS. 11. Her diyati N, ArleLLe 5, Darnasla D. Oral
Effectiveness of Applied Behavior Analysis Health Knowledge Among Parents Of
(ABA) wich regard to tooEh brushing in au tistic ch Autistic Child I n Bandu ng-Indonesia. Dent J
20 l4;47(3): l46—52.
ildr en. Dent J (Majalah Kedokt G igi) 20I
12. Sengke/ M, Pangemanan, DHC Min cjelungan C.
9;52(3): I I 7—2 I.
Scatus K ebersihan G igt Dan M uluc Pada
2. Jaber MA. Dencal caries experien ce, oral
Anak Autis Di Kota Mana do. J E-Gigi 20 I
health scBtu s and treatment need s of dencBl
5;3(2):235—
patients with autism. J Appl Oral Sci 20 I I ; I
9(3):212—7.
13.Pinat LMA, Setijanto D, Bramantoro T. The
3. Syahputra MF, SBri PP, Arisandi D, Abdullah correlation between mother’s knowledge and
D,
parenting toward childhood caries in the
remote

15731 International Jixirn al or Ph irnmceritic al Rese irch I £Jct - Dec 2()2(I 1 \k›l 1 2 1 Isstie 4
Indoh Permotosori et ol / Correlation Of Mother's Behavior In Autisac Children Wi*h Dmf-T Value And
Dental Core Need

areB. J Int Dent Med Res 2017; I 0(3):905—8.

14. A:mbar S. Sikap Manusia Teori dan
Pengukurannya. Yogyakara: Pu scBlca Pelajar;
1997.
15. Noaman BR. Assessment of behavioral factors
associated with dencal caries in pre-school
children of high socioeconomic scatus families.
Dent J (Majalah Kedokc Gigi) 20 l9;S2(2):66.
16. Achmad MH, Pratiwi R, Sugihar to S, Handa}ani
H, Singgih MF, Mudjari 5, et al. Analysis of
risk factors of biopsych osocial with early
childhood cBries (ECC) in indonesian pre-school
childr en. Pesqui Bras Odontopediatria Clin
lntegr [lnternetj 20 19; 19( I ).
Wawan A, Dewi M. teori dan Pengukuran
PengecBhuan , Sikap dan Peribku Manusia.
Yogyakarta' Nuha Medika; 20 I I .
18. Budiharto. K ontribusi Umur, Pendidikan ,
jumlah AnaL ScBaJs Ekonomi Keluarga,
PemanfaacBn Fasilitas K esehacan Gigi dan
Pendidikan KesehacBn Gigi terhadap Perilaku
Ibu. J KGUI I 998;5(2):99-I 08.
19. DeshincB R. Hardiani & Dewi E. The Effect of
Glenn Doman M eEhod towards Autistic Social
Interaction Ability in SLB-B and Autistic TPA
(Taman Pendidikan dan Asuhan Jember Regency.
E-J urnal PuscBka K esehBE 20 I 5;3( I ):67—73.
20. Okcarina T. Correlation of I'doct er Factors and
Th eir K indergar ten's Oral HealEhgcatus in
Kelurahan K emayoran, Krembangan
5ubdistrict,gurabaya Cies. Bul Penelit list
Kesehat 2016; l9(4):226-235.
21. Susi BH, A U. Hubungan Scatus Sosial Ekonomi
Orang Tua Dengan Karies Pada Gigi Sulung
Anak umur 4 Dan S Tahun. Maj Kedokt
Andalas 20 l2;36( I ):97—I 05.
22. Ahmad M, Jindal M, Khain 5, Hashmi S. Oral
Health Knowledge, Practice, Oral Hygiene 5caaJs
and DencBl Caries Prevalence Among Visually
Impaired Students in Residential Institute of
Aligarh. j Dent Oral Hyg 2009; I (2):22—6.
23. Danial M, Kalancar M. Universal Health Coverage
and Oral Health. J lnterdiscipl M ed Dent Sci
20 l6;4( I ): I—2.

15741 International Jixirn al or Ph irnmceritic al Rese irch I £Jct - Dec 2()2(I 1 \k›l 1 2 1 Isstie 4
Correlation of mothers behavior in autistic children with DMF-T
Value and Dental Care Need
ORIGINALITY REPORT

18 %
SIMILARITY INDEX
17% 10% 0%
INTERNET SOURCES PUBLICATIONS STUDENT PAPERS

PRIMARY SOURCES

repository.unair.ac.id
1
Internet Source 2%
news.unair.ac.id
2
Internet Source 1%
zombiedoc.com
3
Internet Source 1%
scientiaricerca.com
4
Internet Source 1%
Fighan Hussein, Alaa Mustafa, Sazgar Sabir.
5
"Dental caries experience and periodontal 1
health status in a sample of autism children",
Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences, 2018
Publication

www.jdentistry.ui.ac.id
6
Internet Source
1%
id.scribd.com
7
Internet Source 1%
pubs.sciepub.com
 Internet Source
8
1%
9
jurnal.fk.unand.ac.id
Internet Source 1%
1
www.medicolegalupdate.org
Internet Source 1%
1
worldwidescience.org
Internet Source 1%
1
anzdoc.com
Internet Source 1%
1
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Internet Source 1%
1
lupinepublishers.com
Internet Source 1%
1
www.ijst-jo.com
Internet Source
1%
1
www.shiftjournal.com
Internet Source
<1 %

1
bmcoralhealth.biomedcentral.com
Internet Source
<1 %

1
mafiadoc.com
Internet Source
<1 %

1
www.adirgames.com
Internet Source
<1 %
 www.scribd.com
2 Internet Source <1 %
Nur Afrinis, Indrawati Indrawati, Nur Farizah.
<1 %
21

"Analisis Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan

Kejadian Karies Gigi Anak Usia Dini", Jurnal
Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini,
2020
Publication

Mega Moeharyono Puteri, Fadila Kemala Dwi

<1 %
22

Ramadhani Ruslan, Teguh Budi Wibowo. "Oral

health behavior and its association with the
Caries Index in visually impaired children",
Special Care in Dentistry, 2019
Publication

Exclude quotes On Exclude matches Off

Exclude bibliography On
Correlation of mothers behavior in autistic children with DMF-T
Value and Dental Care Need
GRADEMARK REPORT

FINAL GRADE
GENERAL COMMENTS

/100 Instructor

PAGE 1

PAGE 2

PAGE 3

PAGE 4

PAGE 5