School of Applied Mathematics and Informatics

Final exam: Probability and Statistics - 2022.1

Code 2 - Course ID: MI2020E (Time allowed: 90 minutes)
Important instructions: No documents are allowed.
Problem 1. (2.0 points) In a certain region of the country it is known that an estimated 15% of
adults smoke cigarettes, 65% of smoking adults have lung diseases while only 10% of non-smoking
adults have lung diseases. Select at random an adult in this region.
a) Find the probability that he smokes or he has lung diseases.
b) Given that he has lung diseases, find the probability that he smokes.
Problem 2. (2.0 points) Computer technology has produced an environment in which robots
operate with the use of micro-processors. The probability that a robot fails during any 5-hour period
is 15%.
a) What is the probability that a robot fails at most once during four 5-hour periods?
b) Let Y be the number of 5-hour periods that a robot will operate before it fails. Find the
expectation of Y.
Problem 3. (2.0 points) The random variables X and Y , representing the weights of creams and
toffees, respectively, in boxes of chocolates containing a mixture of creams, toffees, and cordials,
have the joint probability density function:

{0, elsewhere
Cx y, if 0 ≤ x ≤ 2; 0 ≤ y ≤ 2; x + y ≤ 2
f (x, y) =

a) Find the normalizing constant C.

b) Find the probability density function of the random variable Z = X + Y.
Problem 4. (2.5 points) In a study conducted by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, steel
rods supplied by two different companies were compared. Ten sample springs were made out of the
steel rods supplied by each company, and the “bounciness” was studied. The data are as follows:
Company A 8.9 7.7 9.9 7.2 10.3 8.1 7.8 8.5 9.4 10.1
Company B 11.3 10.2 8.2 11.4 9.9 12.3 9.9 10.2 10.7 10.4
Assume that the bounciness of the steel rods supplied by the two companies are normally
distributed with equal variances.
a) Find a 95% confidence interval for the mean bounciness of the steel rods supplied by the
company B.
b) Can you conclude that there is a significant difference in mean bounciness between the steel
rods supplied by the two companies at 5% level of significance?
Problem 5. (1.5 points) In a study to estimate the proportion of residents in a certain city and its
suburbs who favor the construction of a nuclear power plant, it is found that 60 of 100 urban
residents favor the construction while only 55 of 125 suburban residents are in favor. Is there a
significant difference between the proportions of urban and suburban residents who favor
construction of the nuclear plant at 5% level of significance?
Given that: Z 0.1 = 1.28; Z 0.05 = 1.645; Z 0.025 = 1.96;
t9;0.1 = 1.383; t9;0.05 = 1.833; t9;0.025 = 2.262; t18;0.05 = 1.734; t18;0.025 = 2.1