2.

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.2.1 LACK OF VERBAL INTERACTION

One of the most disadvantage that Dogra, (2011) and Hinkle 92009) all agree is the
lack of verbal interaction between teachers and students. This is because the fact that most
online learning programs can only offer a one-way communication and it is inevitable. Kartha
(2011) makes the readers aware of that e-learning does not give learners any help in
improving their oral communication skills. Although some online courses enable their users
to communicate through discussion and community boards. This differs from carrying a
conversation to a classmate sitting next in them. Moreover, Dogra (2011) assumes that online
learning student may not be exposed to enough multi-dimensional views of a certain subjects
or topic. She demonstrates the hindrance of online learning by saying that the chances of
growth or learning of students who pursue full-time courses. Facilitator also discuss many
aspects of one problem to many problems of subject might be higher that those who do not.

2.2.2 ABSENCE OF LIVE ACADEMIC RESOURCES

Online learning means studying in isolation and without a set schedule and proper
study timings and it demands strong self-motivation and self-discipline to be a good learner
Dogra (2011). She warns that this type of learning is totally not suitable for students who
need regular and instant feedbacks from instructors. Pakhare (2008) express his agreement
with Dogra’s statement and says that the absence of face-to-face communication results in the
failure of receiving immediate feedbacks for students’ assignments and fieldwork studies.
They may not have their problems and questions of last lesson solved by lectures or
classmates as in a traditional class which can function as barrier in one’s learning Kartha
(2011). Therefore, learning process due to all these factors will be less effective.

2.2.3 TECHNOLOGY DIFFICULTIES

Technology difficulties beyond doubt that online learning requires some equipment.
Two typical kinds of online learning can be taken as examples that is computer-based training
provides users with learning objects including audios, videos, animations and application
simulations via a CD-ROM or a mainframe and through a local network. Second is web-
based training has its learning materials delivered over internet. According Hinkle (2009),
this triggers off the technology-related problem to people off the technology-related problem
to people who do not have ready access this equipment. Besides, power cutoff failure in
internet server on any hardware issue can also make severe impacts on learning process.

2.2.4 LIMITED TO CERTAIN DISCIPLINE.

All educational disciplines are not created equal, and not all study fields can be effectively
used in online learning Sander Tamm (2019). For now, at least online learning tends to be
more suitable for social science and humanities, rather than scientific fields such as medical
science and engineering which require a certain degree of hands-on practical experience. No
amounts of online lectures can substitute an autopsy for medical students or real-life
industrial training for a budding engineer. While this could change in the future, we are
currently not yet a point where we can fully teach all professions solely through online
learning. According to Mike Hutt(2017) , education is usually a set of guidelines and rules
that all students are bound to follow. This is a crucial aspect as it gives students a sense of
purpose and the discipline to stick to it. Therefore, mostly end up covering lots of the tasks
and assignments delegated to them. When it comes to online education the story is different.
Here the student has a lot of freedom to do whatever they want without worrying about a
teacher or lecturer showing up. This sort of freedom can quickly ruin a student's focus.
Online courses come with strict deadlines on submission of assignments and tasks. If cannot
manage the time well to balance life priorities and study times, the result will fail. Moreover,
up to someone to ensure that are discipline enough not to procrastinate or lag as could easily
find dropping out.