Our Lady of Fatima University

College of Maritime Education, BS in Marine Transportation

NAVI 214 Celestial Navigation
Midterm Examination, first semester 2023-2024
Function 1: Navigation at The Operational Level
Competence: Plan and Conduct a Passage and Determine Position

51. What is the process of selecting a target or targets in order to initiate their tracking?
A. True vector B. Zero in
C. Apparent motion D. Acquisition
52. Which of the following is the computer process of observing the sequential changes
in the position of a target ?
A Selection B. Acquisition C. Tracking D. Data Select
53. Which of the following is the situation which the incoming Radar data for a tracked
target becomes incorrectly associated with another tracked target or a Radar echo?
A Target swop B Sweeping C. Tracking D. Data Select
54. It is describe as an area set up by the observer that should automatically acquire a
target when it enters such an area.
A. Acquisition Area B. Target area C. Guard zone D. Exclusion
55. What is the Radar control in which all acquired targets may be viewed?
A. Target data B. Target History C. Target track D. Tracked target
56. Which of the following is the tracks displayed by the Radar echoes of targets in the
form of a synthetic afterglow?
A .Phantom B. Trails C. Phantom trails D. Ghost trail
57. What is the facility to assist the observe in making the correct maneuver for
navigation and collision avoidance purpose?
A. Echo Reference B. Maneuver test C. Trial Maneuver D. Trial and error
58. It is describe as an area set up by the observer within which targets are not
acquired?
A. Ground reference B. Sea reference C. Repressed area D. Suppressed Area
59, Which of the following is the approach limits from own ship as defined by the
observer, to give warning when a tracked target or targets will close to within these
limits?
A. Bow crossing time B. Bow crossing range
C. Closest point of approach/Time to Closest point of approach D. Forward passing area
60. What is the situation associated with a target which is crossing or predicted to cross
ahead of own ship?
A. Forward crossing B. Forward passing area C. Bow passing prediction D.Passingahead
61. What is the name associated with a tracked target which appears to have been
temporarily lost or which has a poorly denned Radar aspect, so that it does not have
tracking ability?
A. Lost echo B. Spoking C. False echo D. Bad sector
62. How many targets should the Arpa be able to Fully automatically track, process,
simultaneously display and continuously update the information ?
A. 50 B. 40 C. 30 D. 20
63. Determine how many consecutive scans times should the Arpa be able to continue
to track acquired target which is clearly distinguishable on the display ?
A. 1 out of 5 B. 5 out of 10 C. 2 out of 15 D. 5 out of 15
64. Which of the following is the area of danger defined around predicted close quarter
situation area. The size is determined by speed ratios between own ship and the targets
in question and CPA distance limits as defined by the observer?
A. Predicted Area of danger B. Potential point of collision

C. Predicted point of danger D. Potential point of danger

65. It is describe as an electronic symbol on the screen which eliminate automatic plotting
in selected area These reduced the load on the tracker when in the proximity to a coast
echo.
A. Area Rejection Boundaries B. Area Rejection Board
C. Zone of suppression D Area of elimination
66. What is the term for exclusion zones in which targets may not be acquired
automatically?
A. Border control B. Elimination zone C. Suppressed areas D. Guard zone
67. What is the set limits on the ranges at which targets are acquired and to which they
are tracked?
A. Tracking and acquisition limit B. Performance tests and limit
C. Monitoring limit D. Tracking target limit
68. Which of the following is the result of reflections caused by own ship structures (for
example funnels and masts) or close-by land based features?
A. multi path B. target swoop C. ghost echoes D. false echoes
69. It is describe as a radial to own ship and may occur as a result of second transmission
radar signals (sometimes referred to as second time around signals or second trace).
A. multi path B. swoop C. ghost echoes D. false echoes
70. Which of the following reduces mutual radar interference?
A. Arpa Rejection B. Arpa Reset C. Interference Rejection D. Radar Rejection
71. Which of the following is a display on which the azimuth orientation relative to a
nominated true bearing is fixed?
A. Azimuth Display B. Azimuth Stabilized Display C. North up display D. Stabilized
course up
72. It is describe as any object fixed or moving whose position and motion is determined
by measurement of range and bearing on Radar.
A. Echo B. Object C. Target D. Bouy

73. The true speed of own ship s 10 knots on course 000⁰T while the target is
10 knots on reciprocal course 180⁰T

Estimate the relative speed of the target in knots.

A. 5 B. 10 C .20 D. 30
74. Compute for the vector length in nautical miles if the speed of the target is 10 knots
with a 6 minute vector.
A. 2.0 B. 1.8 C. 1.0 D. 0.5
75. Which of the following is the Arpa control to activate the manual acquisition of the
target?
A. Target settings B. Tracked target C. BCR/BCT D. ACQ/ACT
76. Which of the following is the protuberance of an acquired target pointing to the
direction ?
A. True direction in a relative display B. Relative direction in a true display
C. Relative direction in a relative display D. True direction only
77. Select which alternative systems provide an automatic acquisition in zones which
may be designated by range and sector controls.
A. Exclusion zone B. Auto Zone C. Zone of confidence D. Target zone
78. What is the Arpa control that show trails of target echoes in the form of simulated
afterglow?
A. Echo Trails B. Trail target C Suppressed Echoes D. Target afterglow
79. Which of the following has the theoretical chance of determining accurate data ?
A. Minimal swoop B. Larger modulation C. Larger setting D. Larger tracking gate
80. What is the adjustment the to be on the threshold of showing a noise speckle
(generally about level 80).
A. noise B. rain C. gain D. sea
81. You sight a vessel bearing 3 points abaft the starboard beam. Sometime later, it is
bearing 3 points forward of the starboard beam. Which of the following circumstances
apply?
A. Two vessels with the same speed and course B. Two power-driven vessels meeting.
C. A vessel overtaking situation D. Two power-driven vessels crossing with no risk of
collision.
82. Analyze the situation when a vessel is in doubt as to whether the other vessel is
overtaking another
A. Assume that the situation does not exist B. Assume the case and act accordingly
C. Assume it is crossing D. Wait until the situation becomes clear
83. You are underway in restricted visibility when you sighted a target on radar only
approaching off
your starboard beam and believe there is risk of collision. Which of the following action
should be taken?
A. maintain course and speed B. alter course to port
C. stop the vessel and sound the alarm D. alter to starboard
84. You are underway in restricted visibility when you sighted a target on radar only
approaching off
dead ahead range decreasing. Which of the following should be taken?
A. alter to port or starboard B. stop the vessel and sound the alarm
C. maintain course and speed D. reverse engine
85. What would be the situation If the relative bearing of an approaching target remains
the same over time range decreasing?
A. collision danger is observed B. target does not pose any danger
C. target has the same course and speed D. target is overtaking
86. Which of the following pose a risk of collision?
A. target has steady bearing and range decreasing B. target has the same course and
speed
C. when an approaching vessel has bearing decreasing D. when an approaching vessel has
bearing increasing
87. While navigating up the coast you observe another power-driven vessel on your
port bow. Which of the following
action should be taken?
A. give way to other vessel B. maintain course and speed
C. alter course to port D. alter course to starboard
88. A vessel detects by radar alone the presence of another vessel dead ahead and range
decreasing. Analyze which action should be Avoided
A. an alteration of course to port B. an alteration of course to starboard
C. an increase in speed of the vessel D. stopping the vessel
89. Determine avoiding action to take if a vessel which detects by radar alone the
presence of another vessel in a close-quarters situation is developing risk of collision
A. an alteration of course to port for a vessel forward of the beam
B. an alteration of course to starboard for a vessel forward of the beam
C. an alteration of course towards a vessel abeam
D. an alteration of course abaft the beam

90. A vessel detects by radar alone the presence of another vessel dead astern and
range decreasing. Analyze which action should be avoided.
A. an alteration of course to port B. an alteration of course to starboard
C. an increase in speed of the vessel D. stopping the vessel
91. What is the technique which involves creating a line on the screen that is parallel to
the ship's course, but offset to the left or right by some distance?
A. Parallel technique B. Parallel indexing C. Target index D. Target offset
92. It is describe as a refinement of the radar clearing line applied to the radar display. It
is a simple and effective way of monitoring a ship’s progress by observing the movement
of the echo of a clearly identified mark with respect to lines drawn on the radar display
parallel to the ship’s track.
A. Parallel bearing B. Radar indexing C. Parallel index technique D. Parallel ranging
and indexing
93. Which of the following may be chosen as indexing targets or references during the
passage planning stage?
A. drifting objects B. fixed charted objects C. stationary target D. reference target
94. hoose the tab required for the derivation of the target data
A. target setting B. auto zone C. tracked target D. reference target
95. Which of the following is the tab for a delay setting in the trial maneuver?
A. predict B. target prediction C. time trial D. maneuver time
96. Select which target that will pass forward of your vessel the nearest pose a greater
danger?
BCR BCT
Target A 2 n.m 25 mins
Target B 0 n.m 22 mins
Target C 3 n.m 14 mins
Target D 8 n.m 10 mins
CHOICES
A.A B.B C.C D. D
97. Analyze which target that will pass forward of your vessel the nearest pose a greater
danger base on the following
two observation. Own vessel is at course 000 ͦ T at 15 knots
1st observation
Time 0000H Bearing (T) Range
Target A 350 ͦ 11.0 n.m
Target B 005 ͦ 12. 0 n.m
Target C 120 ͦ 5.0 n.m
Target D 045 ͦ 9.0 n.m
2nd observation
Time 0006H Bearing (T) Range
Target A 350 ͦ 9.0 n.m
Target B 003 ͦ 10. 0 n.m
Target C 115 ͦ 4. 0 n.m
Target D 045 ͦ 7. 0 n.m
CHOICES
A. A B. B C. C D. D
98. Evaluate the data of target on which pose a greater risk if the target settings is at
1.5n.m and 15 mins :
CPA TCPA
Target A 0.2 n.m 25 mins
Target B 0.2 n.m 12 mins
Target C 0.0 n.m 18 mins
Target D 1.0 n.m 20 mins

AA B.B C. C D. D
99. Given a vector length of 6 minutes find the distance in nautical miles of the true
vector if the speed of the target is
15 knots .
A. 5.0 B. 1.2 C. 1.5 D. 2.0
100. Compute for the distance in nautical miles of the true vector if the speed of the
target is 25 knots and given a vector length of 12 minutes A. 5.0
B. 4.0 C. 2.5 D. 1.0