ZCS6 Day 5 Practical

6.
0
Training practical tasks
DAY 5
Zabbix 6.0 Certified Specialist ● Day 5 © 2022 by Zabbix. All rights reserved
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Zabbix 6.0 Certified Specialist ● Day 5 © 2022 by Zabbix. All rights reserved Practical task 2
Lab #38
Real-time data export
Zabbix 6.0 Certified Specialist ● Day 5 © 2022 by Zabbix. All rights reserved 10 minutes 3
PRACTICAL TASK #38
Create folder "/tmp/zabbix_export/" to store data and change the owner to zabbix user
# mkdir /tmp/zabbix_export
# chown zabbix:zabbix /tmp/zabbix_export
Set ExportDir and ExportFileSize options in Zabbix server configuration file

# vi /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf +/Export
### Option: ExportDir
# Directory for real time export of events, history and trends in newline JSON format.
# If set, enables real time export.
ExportDir=/tmp/zabbix_export
### Option: ExportFileSize

# Maximum size per export file in bytes.
# Only used for rotation if ExportDir is set.
ExportFileSize=50M
### Option: ExportType

# List of comma delimited types of real time export - allows to control export entities by type
# Valid only if ExportDir is set.
ExportType=events,trends
PRACTICAL TASK #38
Restart Zabbix server
# systemctl restart zabbix-server
Create a new problem

# zabbix_sender -z student-xx.zabbix.training -s Training-VM-XX -k persons -o 1
Look at the event created by history syncer processes

The event can be written in any of the problems-history-syncer* files
# cat /tmp/zabbix_export/problems-history-syncer*
{"clock":1643293245,"ns":718446551,"value":1,"eventid":4549,"name":"Only 1 persons person attending the

training!","severity":5,"hosts":[{"host":"Training-VM-XX","name":"Training-VM-
XX"}],"groups":["Training/Servers"],"tags":[{"tag":"Environment","value":"Production"}]}
Resolve the problem and look at the files again - a new line is added
# zabbix_sender -z student-xx.zabbix.training -s Training-VM-XX -k persons -o 10
# cat /tmp/zabbix_export/problems-history-syncer*
{"clock":1643293245,"ns":718446551,"value":1,"eventid":4549,"name":"Only 1 persons person attending the

training!","severity":5,"hosts":[{"host":"Training-VM-XX","name":"Training-VM-
XX"}],"groups":["Training/Servers"],"tags":[{"tag":"Environment","value":"Production"}]}
{"clock":1643293669,"ns":714509312,"value":0,"eventid":4555,"p_eventid":4549}
PRACTICAL TASK #38
Restart zabbix server process
Trends are written at the beginning of every hour or on Zabbix server restart
Trends can be written in any of the problems-history-syncer* files normally

# cat /tmp/zabbix_export/trends-history-syncer*
They are empty because on the server restart the main process writes trends
# cat /tmp/zabbix_export/trends-main-process-0.ndjson
{"host":{"host":"Zabbix server","name":"Zabbix server"},"groups":["Zabbix

servers"],"item_tags":[{"tag":"Application","value":"Zabbix server"}],"itemid":23276,"name":"Zabbix server: Trend
write cache, % used","clock":1643292000,"count":6,"min":0.068665,"avg":0.308545,"max":0.364494,"type":0}
servers"],"item_tags":[{"tag":"Application","value":"Disk vda"}],"itemid":39917,"name":"vda: Disk average queue
size (avgqu-sz)","clock":1643292000,"count":5,"min":0.016591,"avg":0.018986,"max":0.023770,"type":0}
servers"],"item_tags":[{"tag":"Application","value":"Zabbix raw items"}],"itemid":39915,"name":"vda: Disk read
time (rate)","clock":1643292000,"count":5,"min":0.000419,"avg":0.001326,"max":0.002325,"type":0}
servers"],"item_tags":[{"tag":"Application","value":"General"}],"itemid":29186,"name":"System local
time","clock":1643292000,"count":6,"min":1643293826,"avg":1643293976,"max":1643294126,"type":3}
..........
Congratulations
Practical task #38 is completed !
Zabbix 6.0 Certified Specialist ● Day 5 © 2022 by Zabbix. All rights reserved 7
Lab #39
Graphs
PRACTICAL TASK #39
Go to Configuration -> Templates and click on the Graphs for Template Basic
Click here
Press Create graph

Name: Network traffic and CPU load
Y axis min value Fixed 0
Click on Add
Click here
PRACTICAL TASK #39
Select Items:
Interface eth0: Incoming traffic
Interface eth0: Outgoing traffic
Press Select
Select
Click on Add and select "CPU load" item
Change Y axis side to Right for the "CPU load" item
Y Axis
PRACTICAL TASK #39
Press Add to create graph
Go to Monitoring -> Hosts and click on Graphs for the "Training-VM-XX" host
The graph is displayed:
Congratulations
Lab #40
Network Maps
PRACTICAL TASK #40
Go to Monitoring → Maps
Click on "All maps" if some map is already displayed
All maps
Click on Create map in the upper right corner

Enter map properties
Owner: student-XX
Name: Training network
Press Add
PRACTICAL TASK #40
Click on Constructor for "Training network" map
Click here
Click on Add to create a new map element

Click on the element to change properties:
Add element
Type: Image
Label: Network switch
Icons: Switch_(96)
Press Apply
PRACTICAL TASK #40
Reposition switch to the center of the map
Add another element and change its properties
Type: Host
Label: Name: {HOST.NAME}
Address: {HOST.CONN}
Uptime: {?last(//system.uptime)}
CPU load: {?avg(//system.cpu.load,10m)}
Memory available:{?avg(//memory.available,1h)}
Host: Training-VM-XX
Press Apply and then press Close
PRACTICAL TASK #40
Switch "Expand macros" to On - the current information is displayed
Expand
macros
CTRL + Click on the host and switch icons to select both and click on "Link: Add"
Add link
PRACTICAL TASK #40
The mass update elements form is still open
Click on Edit in the Links section:
Add label: Traffic in:{?last(/Training-VM-XX/net.if.in[eth0])}
Traffic out:{?last(/Training-VM-XX/net.if.out[eth0])}
Edit
Press Apply
Network traffic is displayed

PRACTICAL TASK #40
Right click on the "Training-VM-XX" host and select "Copy"
Then right click on empty map space and select "Paste"
PRACTICAL TASK #40
Change the host to "Training-VM-XY"
Do not forget to
Scroll down to Links section change host name!
Change the host name in the label
Press Apply and then press Close
PRACTICAL TASK #40
A new host is added
Repeat the last step and add "Training-VM-XZ" host using copy/paste
Congratulations
LAB #41
Dashboards
PRACTICAL TASK #41
Go to Monitoring → Dashboard and press Create dashboard
Name the dashboard "Training dashboard"
PRACTICAL TASK #41
Click on the rectangle to add a new widget
Click here
Choose widget:
Type: Clock
Time type: Server time
Time type
Press Add
PRACTICAL TASK #41
Click on empty space to add another widget:
Type: Host availability
Click here
Name: Training servers availability
Refresh interval: 1 minute
Host groups: Training/Servers
Interface type Zabbix agent, SNMP, IPMI
Show hosts in maint.: Checked
Press Add
PRACTICAL TASK #41
Two widgets are now displayed
Add another widget

Type: Item value
Refresh interval: 1 minute
Item: Zabbix server: Available memory
Show: Time, Value, Change indicator
Check advanced configuration
Advanced
configuration
PRACTICAL TASK #41
Adjust settings for Value:
Decimal places: 2
Color: Green Change color
Units: B
Size: 25%
Color: Teal Change color
Adjust settings for Time:

Horizontal position: Left Change color
Color: Red
Change background color to Black Change color
Press Add
PRACTICAL TASK #41
Add another widget:
Type: Top Hosts
Host groups: Training/servers, Zabbix servers
Host count: 5
Click on Columns: Add
Add columns
PRACTICAL TASK #41
Change column properties
Name: Available memory Select item
Data: Item value
Item: Available memory
Base color: Green
Min: 0
Max 2G
Choose "Available
memory"
Press Add
PRACTICAL TASK #41
Add another column
Name: Host
Data: Host name
Add
Change
column
data
Press Add
Press Add on widget page to add the widget
PRACTICAL TASK #41
Choose some threshold in the middle of values
In my example it is ~180MB
Change
properties
Use middle value as

a threshold
Change properties for the "Top hosts" widget

Rearrange columns
Click on Edit next to Available memory
Edit
PRACTICAL TASK #41
Change base color to red
Add a threshold
Value: 180M
Color: Green Change color
Add threshold
Press Update to update the widget
The bar will change color if the threshold is exceeded

Because more memory is better in our case, we are using red as base color, and then
green as a threshold
PRACTICAL TASK #41
Dashboard displays colored bars
Colored
indicators
Add another top hosts widget:

Type: Top hosts
Name: Top hosts by CPU Utilization
Refresh interval: 10 seconds
Hosts: Zabbix server
Add columns
Click on Columns: Add
PRACTICAL TASK #41
Add new column:
Name: Host
Data: Host name
Add another new column

Name: CPU utilization in %
Data: Item value
Item: CPU utilization
Display: Indicators
Base color: Green
Min: 0
Max: 100
Threshold Yellow 50
Threshold Red 80
Press Add to add the widget
PRACTICAL TASK #41
Press Save changes to save the dashboard
Save
dashboard
Open SSH console and generate CPU load

# cat /dev/urandom | md5sum
Look how indicator color changes

Press CTRL+C to stop generating CPU Load
^C
PRACTICAL TASK #41
Press Edit dashboard to add more widgets
Edit
dashboard
Add map navigation tree widget

Click on + to add map
Name: Training network map
Linked map Training network Click here
PRACTICAL TASK #41
Add a map widget:
Type: Map
Source type: Map navigation tree
Filter: Map navigation tree
Press Save changes to save Dashboard

Map navigation tree can be used to navigate through maps
PRACTICAL TASK #41
Edit the dashboard and add a new page:
Name: Network traffic graph
Click here
PRACTICAL TASK #41
Add a graph widget
Type: Graph
Host pattern: Training-VM-*
Item pattern: Interface eth0: Incoming traffic
Base color: Blue
Draw: Bar
Transparency: 3
Set custom time period

From now-15m
To now
Click here
Add the graph widget
Congratulations
Lab #42
Reports
PRACTICAL TASK #42
Open SSH console and install zabbix-web-service
# dnf install -y zabbix-web-service
Start the zabbix-web-service and enable auto start

# systemctl enable zabbix-web-service --now
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-web-service.service →
/usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-web-service.service
Add Google chrome repository (copy/paste the info into google-chrome.repo file)
# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/google-chrome.repo
[google-chrome]
name=google-chrome
baseurl=http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/rpm/stable/$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub
Install Chrome headless browser

# dnf install -y google-chrome-stable
PRACTICAL TASK #42
Open Zabbix server configuration file and specify report settings
# vi /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf +/Report
### Option: StartReportWriters

# Number of pre-forked report writer instances.
#
# Mandatory: no
# Range: 0-100
# Default:
StartReportWriters=1
### Option: WebServiceURL

# URL to Zabbix web service, used to perform web related tasks.
# Example: http://localhost:10053/report
#
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
WebServiceURL=http://localhost:10053/report
Restart Zabbix server

PRACTICAL TASK #42
Go to Administration → General → Other and enter the Frontend URL
You can copy the URL from the browser bar
Go to Reports → Scheduled reports and press Create report
PRACTICAL TASK #42
Fill required fields:
Name: Training report
Dashboard: Global view
Period: Previous day
Cycle: Daily
Start time: 09:00
Subject: Zabbix global dashboard
Message: Auto generated report
Press Test to send a test report
Press Add to create scheduled report
Congratulations

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6.

Set ExportDir and ExportFileSize options in Zabbix server configuration file

### Option: ExportFileSize

### Option: ExportType

Create a new problem

Look at the event created by history syncer processes

{"clock":1643293245,"ns":718446551,"value":1,"eventid":4549,"name":"Only 1 persons person attending the

{"clock":1643293245,"ns":718446551,"value":1,"eventid":4549,"name":"Only 1 persons person attending the

Trends can be written in any of the problems-history-syncer* files normally

{"host":{"host":"Zabbix server","name":"Zabbix server"},"groups":["Zabbix

Press Create graph

The graph is displayed:

Click on Create map in the upper right corner

Click on Add to create a new map element

Press Apply and then press Close

Network traffic is displayed

Then right click on empty map space and select "Paste"

Press Apply and then press Close

Name the dashboard "Training dashboard"

Add another widget

Adjust settings for Time:

Change background color to Black Change color

Press Add on widget page to add the widget

Use middle value as

Change properties for the "Top hosts" widget

Press Update to update the widget

The bar will change color if the threshold is exceeded

Add another top hosts widget:

Click on Columns: Add

Add another new column

Press Add to add the widget

Open SSH console and generate CPU load

Look how indicator color changes

Add map navigation tree widget

Press Save changes to save Dashboard

Set custom time period

Start the zabbix-web-service and enable auto start

Install Chrome headless browser

### Option: StartReportWriters

### Option: WebServiceURL

Restart Zabbix server

Go to Reports → Scheduled reports and press Create report

Press Test to send a test report

Press Add to create scheduled report

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