Ingles I 2025-I

UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA
DE SANTA MARÍA
PRECATÓLICA 2025-I
INGLÉS I
Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera
Arequipa – Perú
Ingreso 2025.
INGLÉS I
UNIT 1
VERB TO BE
Complete the chart with the verb to be.
SUBJECT PRONOUN AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION

I _________ _________ AM I?
He / _______/ It IS _________ _____ He/ She / It?
You / We / They _________ AREN’T ARE You / We /___?
Complete the sentences with the verb TO BE in the correct form

a) London____ a very big city.There ___people from all over the world.
b) I______ at the beach with my family. It ______ hot and sunny.
c) Raul _____ from here. He _____ from Mexico.
d) They _______ always late for school.
e) My brother and I _____ in the school band.
f) The software on my new computer _________ totally useless.
g) The students _________ in class because today is Sunday.
h) My shoes ______ clean but my shirt ____ stained.
i) She _____at home right now.She is at her office.
j) My children ____afraid of dogs.They love all kind of animals.
k) Uncle George_____ a good football player.
l) The men ____ in the car.
m) I______ a taxi driver and my sister_____ a nurse.
Make questions with these words.1
1. (are / students / they) ___________________________________?

2. (this shirt / is / clean) _____________________________________?
3.(interesting / is / your job) _____________________________________?
4. (he / is / in the garden) _________________________________?
5. (interested in sports / you / are) ________________________________?
6. (is / at home / your sister) ___________________________________?
7. (in the kitchen / are / they / why) ________________________________?
8. ( wearing / is / she / what) _________________________________?
1
www.e-grammar.org/present-simple/verb_to_be
1 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera PRECATÓLICA 2025-I

INGLÉS I
PRACTICE 1 Choose the correct alternative
1. He is from Italy, she is from Spain,and Miko and Hiro____from Japan.
a. is b. are c. am
2. I like my cousin, but he ____ always late.
a. is b. are not c. isn’t
3. There _____ many people in my English class.
a. is b. are c. am
4. That movie_____ funny. In fact, it’s quite boring.
a. isn’t b. is c. aren’t
5. Istanbul ________ a town. It _________ a very big city.
a. aren’t / is b. isn’t / is c. aren’t / are
6. Our friends ____ in their house. They’re on vacation.
a. isn’t b. is c. aren’t
7. My brother _____a famous singer. He _____ a doctor.
a. are / isn’t b. isn’t / are c. isn’t / is
8. Lindsey ____________ the new nurse, she ____________ a surgeon.
a. is / aren’t b. isn’t / is c. are / aren’t
9. Their child ____________ a good student.
a. is b. aren’t c. are
10. Blue and red _____my favourite colours.
a. is b. are c. am
PRONOUNS2
Possessive Adjectives and

Personal Pronouns
Pronouns
Reflexive
Possessive Possessive Pronouns
Subject form Object form
adjectives pronouns
I me my mine myself
you you your yours yourself
he him his his himself
she her her hers herself

it it its (not used) itself
we us our ours ourselves
you you your yours yourselves
they them their theirs themselves
2
http://www.grammarbank.com/pronouns-chart.html
INGLÉS I
FIGURE IT OUT
Check the correct box or complete the idea.
1. Subject pronouns are used  at the beginning  in the middle  at the end of a
sentence. They represent the person or group of people who  does the action
 receives the action. They usually go  before  after the main verb.
2. Object pronouns usually go  after  before a verb or a preposition.

They  receive  do the action of the verb.
3. Possessive Adjectives go  before  after a noun. They indicate the relationship between
a person and a noun (person, thing, and so on).
4. Possessive pronouns replace  a possessive adjective + noun

 verb + object pronoun.
5. Reflexive pronouns are used to clarify who or what is being referred to.
The subject and the object are  the same  different.

1. That man over there is Denis. I work with_______.
a. he b. him c.her
2. Please, call______ real quick; _____ am very worried.
a. I / me b. me / I c. him / she
3. Tom loves his rabbits. _______ plays with ____ in the garden every day.
a. Him / they b. They / him c. He / them
4. This is her book because ____________ is on that shelf.
a. my b. you c. mine
5. Look over there, I think it’s Sara . Can you see _____?
a. she b. her c. herself
6. He often talks to ________ whe he is stressed.
a. his b. he c. himself
7. What's that music? Do you like ________?
a. they b. them c. it
8. My son lives in Cusco. ____________ house is big and old.
a. His b. He c. Mine
9. Sharon lives in Italy now with ______ family.
a. his b. her c. mine
10. Don't worry about the plants. I'll water_____ myself.
a. them b. him c. it

INGLÉS I
INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS
Interrogative pronouns are used to ask all kind of questions. The interrogative pronoun represents
the thing or the person that we don't know and we are asking the question about.
QUESTION FUNCTION MEANING

What General information or something
What kind of Type of something
When Time
Where Location or position
Which Choice
Why Reason or explanation. Use because in the answer.
Who Person
Whom Object (as a person) in a sentence
Whose Possession
How (adjective/adverb) the way something is done
Complete with the correct interrogative pronoun.
1. A: ________ are you leaving?

B: Next week.
2. A: ________ did you lose your book?
B: I lost it at the café.
3. A: ________ are you doing at the moment, Alice?
B: I’m watching some TV
4. A: ________ are you laughing?
B: Because it’s funny.
5. A: ________ are you today.
B: Not very well. I feel sick.
6. A: _________blouse do you want: the blue one or the pink one?
B: I think the blue one.
7. A: ________ is your English class?
B: It’s on Mondays and Thursdays.
8. A: ________ kind of music do you like?
B: Dance music.
9. A: ________ backpack is that?
B: I think it’s Maria’s.
10. A: ______ was driving the car?
B: My dad.
11. A: __________are you going for holidays?
B: I'm going to Trujillo.
12. A: _________ is this man in the photo?
B: It’s my father when he was younger.

INGLÉS I
READING COMPREHENSION
Imagine you are waiting for a bus. You’re wondering what time is coming, but you can’t check
the timetable because there isn’t one. The person next to you at the bus stop is having a loud
phone conversation. Another person is noisily eating something that smells awful. When the
bus finally arrives, it’s absolutely packed. For most people, some of these examples would be
really irritating. But why?
For something to be annoying, it must be unpleasant; for instance,a fly moving around the
room. What annoys you also depends on the context and your culture. Some people have
conditions that make them very sensitive to things that other people just find a bit irritating. For
example, misophonia is a medical condition that causes people to respond to ordinary sounds
in an extreme emotional way.
.
Write True (T) or false (F) according to the text.
1. The author is trying to give advice on how to deal with stressful situations. (…..)
2. American get annoyed more often than people from other cultures. (…..)
3. Some people are annoyed by other people’s conversations. (…..)
4. The writer’s purpose is to explain why we find certain things annoying. (…..)
5. Everyday sounds are really annoying for all of us. (…..)
PREPOSITIONS
They are words that go before nouns. They can have different functions, meanings and form
prepositional phrases.

INGLÉS I
Complete the text with the correct preposition

My father is a math teacher. ____the mornings he usually gets up _____6.30 a.m.
______Tuesdays he has luch____ school because he has lessons both ____ the morning and
_____ the afternoon. The other days he finishes work____midday, so he comes home for lunch.
He sometimes corrects exercises ____ night, after dinner. He has his summer holiday_____
August.
I love holidays: I don’t get up early_____the morning. I have breakfast _____noon!
Then I read funny stories____ the Internet and, late____ the afternoon, I go out with some
friends. We usually stay out late. I often get home____ midnight and then I watch a movie and
go to bed ____2 a.m.
PRACTICE 3 Choose the correct preposition.

1. I think people will travel by flying cars _____ the 22nd century.
A) at B) on C) in
2. Sarah would like the nice pink dress _______ her birthday.
A) in B) on C) at
3. Mary is sitting _____the chair, she is ____ her bedroom.
A) on / in B) on / at C) at / on
4. Would you like to join us for dinner ________ Thursday?
A) at B) on C) in
5. I don’t want to see her ____ the party tonight.
A) at B) in C) on
6. He lives _______ an apartment _______ the third floor.
A) at / in B) in / on C) on / at.
7. _______ Halloween many children wear costumes.
A) At B) In C) On
8. She often goes out ____ night.However, she gets up very early ___ the morning.
A) at / on B) in / in C) at / in
9. The twin tower attack took place _______ September 11th
A) on B) in C) at
10. I usually read _______ night _______ my bedroom.
A) in / on B) at / at C) at / in
11. Mum always reads us fairy tales____ bedtime.
A) on B) in C) at
12. I am not interested _____ buying a new house now.
A) to B) for C) in
13. Benjamin feels very tired ____Fridays.He has a French course after school.
A) in B) on C) at

INGLÉS I
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
USE
This tense is used to describe:
-Actions in progress at the moment of speaking → I am reading this book right now.
-Temporary actions → I am eating out this week because nobody will be at home.
- Plans and arrangements for the future → I am traveling to Madrid with my family next week.
- Annoying habits→ He is always using my stuff without permission.
FORM
Complete the chart:
AFFIRMATIVE Subject pronoun + ___________ + ____________ + complement.
NEGATIVE ______________ + to be(negative) + ___________ + complement.
QUESTION ______________ + subject pronoun + ___________ + complement ?
Write these verbs in the correct column.

Listen write carry rain watch order travel
Permit let need eat fix cry miss
Get wake have pray mop read brush
4. One-syllable 5. Two-syllable
1. V + ing 2. E ➔ I + ing 3. V + Y + ING CVC (double CVC (double last
last consonant) consonant) + ing
+ ing
Call - calling Dance - dancing Play – playing Stop - stopping Begin - beginning
Study – studying

INGLÉS I

1. A: What are Mr. and Mrs. Chen doing? B: They _______.
a. are sleeping b. be staying c. is staying
2. A: What’s Mr. Baker doing? B: He ______ dinner.
a. is looking b. is cooking c. isn’t eating
3. Miss Johnson is in the cafeteria ______.
a. playing cards b. singing a song c. eating lunch
4. A: What are you up to?
B: Not much, I______________ to some music.
a. just listening b. ‘m just listening c. just am listening
5. Hurry up! we______________ late to the concert.
a. get b. got c. are getting
6. A: Where's John? B: He's in the bathroom. He __________a shower.
a. is making b. is taking c. is doing
7. I’m watching TV and my brother _______a book.
a. reads b. is reading c. reading
8. Why are you always______________? If you are not happy with your job, just quit!
a. resigning b. complaining c. screaming
9. Jules and Jane ______________ a party next Friday because of their fifteen-birthday.
a. are doing b. are making c. are throwing
10.It’s very noisy upstairs! What_________?
a. is they doing b. do they do c. are they doing
11.We_______at a fancy restaurant tonight.
a. eat b.are eating c. eats
12. Mrs. Collins is getting angry as some students_______ to her during the lesson.
a. aren’t listening b. is listening c. are listening
Write questions in the present continuous using the following words.
1. Adam / run down the street? ____________________________________

2. They / wait for Sam at the entrance? ____________________________________
3. Teresa /eat lunch with them? ____________________________________
4. What / Pierre / do? ____________________________________
5. He / send a text? ____________________________________
6. What / you / hold? ____________________________________
7. Charles and Juan / watch TV / later? ____________________________________
8. She / study /at the moment / biology? ____________________________________
9. wait / he / for the bus? ____________________________________
10. you / visit / your family? ____________________________________

INGLÉS I
Read the text and decide if the statements are true(T) or false(F).
BOOKS AND WRITERS

Books play an important part in people’s life. Do you know the name of William Caxton? Yes, of
course. He was an Englishman who made the first English printed book in 1474. Many books
have been printed in Britain since those days. We know the names of many English writers.
Children are interested in reading books. Many authors have written stories for children. Many of
these stories bring back to life the old fables, folk-tales are called fairy-tales. You know that
imagination is the main quality of a children’s story. Several famous children’s stories are written
in the form of a wonderful dream, like Lewis Carol’s “Alice in Wonderland”. The characters of the
books are usually animals or toys, as in Alan Milne’s “Winnie-the-Pooh”, or objects, like railway
engines and lorries, which talk like living people.
On the other hand, many stories are based on ordinary events in the life of an ordinary child.
School stories about adventures in a boarding school are great favourites with older children.
Write T (true) or F (false)

A) An Englishman made the first English printed book ( )
B) The old fables and folk-tales are called fairy-tales. ( )
C) British children don’t have to much imagination. ( )
D) All the stories are based on ordinary events in life. ( )
E) Imagination is the main quality of a children’s story. ( )
F) Older children are fond of reading school stories. ( )
Analogies
Choose the right word to complete the analogy.
1. Bear is to cub as deer is to ____. a. calf b.fawn c.kitten d.foal
2. Mug is to coffee as bowl is to ______. a.knife b.soup c. spoon d. meat
3. Shout is to yell as touch is to _____. a.scream b.hand c.eye d. feel
4. Fable is to story as haiku is to_____. a.poem b.poet c.epic d.aria
5. Aunt is to uncle as niece is to _____. a.cousin b.nephew c.girl d.child
6. Laconic is to words as parched is to____. a. heat b.moisture c.vapid d.wind
7. Water is to viaduct as blood is to _____. a. stream b.swim c.artery d.plasma
8. Often is to seldom as obsolete is to_____. a.mixed b.round c.current d.antiquated
9. Truck is to gas as toaster is to ______. a.gas b.fire c.electricity d.coal
10. Purist is to tradition as hedonist is to ____. a.Eden b.pleasure c. agnostic d. believer

INGLÉS I
UNIT 2
COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS
COUNTABLE UNCOUNTABLE
(Use a/an) (They don’t have singular or plural.)
A job / jobs Money
Getting a job is not an easy thing. We need money to invest in the project.
For plural we add “S” No plural form
Jobs Money
I have a job. Having two jobs is common. Money doesn’t make a business successful.
When counting… To count, use “a ....... of ......."
Paper=a piece of paper
A job / three jobs Glue=a bottle of glue
scissors=a pair of scissors
Music=a piece of music
PLURAL COUNT NOUNS
NON-COUNT NOUNS
Use SOME (+) / ANY (-/?)
I need some money to buy supplies.
Some jobs require physical strength.
The company went bankrupt; they don’t have any
They don't have any jobs.
money to pay the employees.
PLURAL COUNT NOUNS USE NON-COUNT

A FEW / MANY LITTLE / MUCH
I don’t have much energy to work.
Many businesses are risky.
Little research won’t help at all.
There are few materials for the project.
How much information do you need for the
How many factories are there in the city?
project?
Use A LOT OF and NO with plural countable Use A LOT OF and NO with uncountable nouns.
nouns.
No cell phones were admitted in the reunion. A lot of investment is done by foreign companies.
A lot of complains have been reported. No training was required for the job.

INGLÉS I
PRACTICE 2 Choose the correct alternative.

1. _____ fans are dissatisfied with the result of the match this Sunday.
a.Any b. Much c. Many
2. How______ courses are you taking this semester?
a. any b. much c. many
3. Can I borrow_____________ from you?
a. many paper b. a piece of paper c. a paper
4. She celebrates her birthday in two days. Do you have_____ gift idea?
a. any b. much c.many
5. There is ________ food in the fridge. It is nearly empty.
a. a lot of b. a few c. little
6. Her husband is always busy. He never does _____ chores at home.
a. many b. a c. any
7. I don't like driving in Istanbul. _______________ traffic.
a. There are many b. There is much c. There is any
8. How_______ rice do you need for that japanese dish?
a. much b. many c. few
9. Do you have ________ cereal? -Sure, there's________ in the kitchen.
a. some/any b. any/some c. some/many
10. We can’t afford a dinner in this restaurant. We have_____ dollars left.
a. few b. a little c. many
Complete the following dialogues with SOME, A and ANY.3

Waiter: Are you ready to order?
Customer: Yes, we’d like______ soup, please. And have you got _____ fish today?
Waiter: No, I’m sorry but we don’t have ______ fish today.
Customer: Oh, that’s alright. I’ll have _______ hamburger then.
Waiter: Would you like_____chips with your hamburger?
Customer: No, thanks. I don’t want _____chips. But, could I have _____ salad, please?
Waiter: Yes, of course. So that’s one soup and a hamburger with salad.
Customer: Good afternoon. Can we have _______ water, please?

Waiter: Yes, of course. Would you like to see the menu?
Customer: Yes, please. We’d also like _______ bread and ______ bottle of water.
Waiter: Would you like ________ wine?
Customer: No, thank you. We don't want_____ wine.
3
https://www.englishcoursemalta.com/learn/some-any-restaurant-dialogue-exercise/
INGLÉS I
Complete the following sentences with the correct connector of addition.
1. She is always eating. _______, she eats unhealthy food..

2. This car offers air bags and heating for your seats. ________, there is a world-class
stereo system installed.
3. ______ the violin, he plays the piano and the flute.
4. People who exercise regularly sleep better at night._________, they tend to live longer.
5. _______ being a very delicious fruit, kiwis are also rich in vitamins.
6. You’re late again. ____________, you forgot your books.
7. _____________ the driver and the policeman were rude at the police station.
8. He painted the wall. ________, he cleaned the room and the kitchen.
9. The design is gorgeous.__________, it’s modern and fresh.
10. Students ______ ate cakes in the party but _____ they took pictures.
11. The refugees are short of food. ____________, they desperately need medical assistance.
12. Flight attendants who apply for a job must be able to speak ______ English and Spanish.

INGLÉS I
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
USES
1. We use the present simple when something is generally or always true.
• Megan always helps me.
• It snows in winter here.
• The Earth orbits the sun.
2. We use the present simple for habits or things that we do in a regular basis.
• She regularly smokes after lunch.
• I play basketball every Saturday.
• I travel abroad very often.
3. We also use the present simple to talk about future activities that are fixed or planned.
• The train leaves at noon.
• The concert starts after the ceremony.
• School begins in March.
4. When we talk about something that is true or a fact in the present.
• My brother lives in Ottawa.
• Kids don’t like vegetables.
• Cats drink milk.
FORM
Affirmative Subject + Verb base form + -s/es (if singular) + complement

Negative Subject + do/does + not + Verb base form + complement
Interrogative Do/does + Subject + Verb base form + complement
FIGURE IT OUT
1. When we use the third person (he, she, it) in an affirmative sentence the verb changes.
 Yes  No
2. The auxiliaries (do / does / doesn’t / don’t) for the simple present tense are used in the
following sentences:
 Affirmative  Negative  Question.
3. For the third person form, when a verb ends in Y (e.g., play, study, pray, cry), Y is always
changed to I + ES
 Yes  No
4. When the auxiliaries (do / does / doesn’t / don’t) are used the form of the verb is
 Base form  Ad (S / ES)

INGLÉS I
THIRD PERSON SPELLING
For the subject pronouns He / She / It. It only happens in the AFFIRMATIVE FORM.
VERB THIRD PERSON FORM
Listen, get, read, stop, 1. Add ________________
wake, check, eat
Play, pray 2. Add ________________
Cry, hurry, study, try 3. Change _____________ Add ______
Fix, brush, watch, miss, 4. Add ________________

go, do, kiss
Have 5. Change to _______
Complete the paragraphs with the correct form of the verbs in parentheses4
Manuel and Lila Vega (1) _____(have) a busy lifestyle. Manuel is a doctor at a hospital. He______
(2) ______ (work) at night, so he (3) _______ (go) to work at 7:00 p.m. and comes home at 7:00
a.m. His wife Lila works at a bank. She ________ (4) (go) to work at 8:00 a.m. and comes home
at 6:00 p.m. They don’t see each other a lot during the week. Manuel and Lila also (5) ________
(have) two children, Luis and Carla. Every morning they all (6) _________ (have) breakfast
together at 7:30. Then, Luis and Carla (7) ______(go) to school. Manuel (8) ______(do) the
dishes, and then (9) _________ (go) to bed. Carla usually (10) ______ (do) her homework at a
friend’s house in the afternoon, and Luis (11) _______ (have) soccer practice.
Read the text and answer the questions

On Sundays, John gets up at 10 o'clock. Then he reads his newspaper in the kitchen. He has
breakfast at 11.30 and then he telephones his mother in Canada.
In the afternoon,John plays tennis with his sister and after that, they eat dinner in a restaurant.
At 6 p.m.,John swims for one hour and then he goes by bike to his brother’s house. They talk and
listen to music. John watches television in the evening and drinks a glass of warm milk. He goes
to bed at midnight.
Write True (T) or false (F) according to the text.
1. John gets up at 10 a.m. on Sundays. (….)
2. John reads the newspaper in the lounge. (….)
3. John drinks a glass of wine in the evening. (….)
4. John drives to his brother's house. (….)
5. John and his sister eat before playing tennis. (….)
6. John and his brother listen to music. (….)
4
https://ngl.cengage.com/assets/downloads/grex_pro0000000538/grex1_su3.pdf
INGLÉS I

1. They _______coffee every morning.
a. are drinking b. drinks c. drink
2. Their son ________________ in an important corporation overseas.
a. work b. works c. is works
3. We often ____________TV in the evenings.
a. watches b. watch c. are watching
4. ________________ I ________________ to study every day?
a. Do / need b. Does / need c. Am / need
5. Mr. Anderson _______ Chemistry at Hill High School
a. teaching b. teach c. teaches
6. The pupils _________songs in class every Friday.
a. are singing b. sings c. sing
7. My family and I ________ to Spain every summer.
a. flys b. flies c. fly.
8. How many books __________ you read in a year?
a. are b. does c.do
9. She loves music and ________ to concerts whenever she can.
a. show b. goes c. go
10. _________Rita and Angela ______________ in Toronto?
a. Do / live b. Does / live c. Do / lives
READING COMPREHENSION5
Read and answer the questions.
Danny
My name is Dan. I love dogs and they love me. I’m a professional dog walker.
People pay me, and I take their dogs for walks. Sometimes I take the dogs to the
park and run with them. The dogs are very fast, so it’s good exercise for me. I
have an unusual job, but I love it.
Clara
My name is Clara. I’m a bus driver. I drive a school bus. I take children to
school in the morning and take them home in the afternoon. They say
hello to me every morning, and sometimes they bring cookies or flowers.
I love children, so it’s a good job for me.
1. What does Clara do? __________________________________________

2. What does Danny do? _______________________________________
3. Does Danny have an unusual job?_______________________________
4. Does Clara like her job? ________________________________
5
https://ngl.cengage.com/assets/downloads/grex_pro0000000538/grex1_su3.pdf
INGLÉS I
ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY 6
Frequency Adverb
100% always
Look at the following examples:
90% usually /normally
• Maria never goes r to the gym
80% often / frequently • Carlos is always late for work.
• Children don’t often have dinner.
50% sometimes
• Do you usually visit your parents?
30% occasionally • I go to the theatre once in a while.
• You should always put on sunblock.
10% seldom/ rarely
• We might never see each other again.
5% hardly ever
0% never
FIGURE IT OUT
1. Adverbs of frequency are used in the
 Simple present tense  Present continuous
2. They describe___________ we do an activity.
 How often  How long
3. They go __________ a main verb
 Before  After
4. They go __________ a form of the verb TO BE
 Before  After
5. If we use an auxiliary, the adverbs are placed__________ the auxiliary and the main verb.
 Before  After  Between
6. Every day – once a month – twice a week – once in a while – every other day
• These expressions are:
 Adverbs of frequency  Time expressions
• They go _________ of the sentence
 At the end  At the beginning  Both
6
http://howtotalkinenglish.blogspot.pe/2015/03/adverbs-of-frequency.html
INGLÉS I
Rewrite the sentences in the correct form.

1. Walter helps his father usually in the kitchen.
___________________________________________________________________________
2. People waste water always.
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Foreigners don’t respect often traditions from other places.
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Always children love watching cartoons.
___________________________________________________________________________
5. I brush my teeth usually before going to bed.
___________________________________________________________________________
6. Dogs never are sad; they are happy most of the time.
___________________________________________________________________________
7. Some drivers respect once in a while the traffic signs.
___________________________________________________________________________
8. My grandmother goes for a walk always in the evening.
___________________________________________________________________________

1. The baby sleeps all day long, so he ____________ cries.
a. hardly ever b. once in a while c. sometimes
2. Mr. Gutierrez is ____________ in good mood, he is ____________angry.
a. always / never b. hardly ever / never c. often / sometimes
3. Flies ____________ around garbage.
a. are always b. usually are c. aren’t never
4. I try to go to the gym but I am lazy, so I go ____________
a. very often. b. once in a while. c. not seldom.
5. I’m really proud and I don’t _____ ask for help, even if I need it.
a. usually b. not often c. never
6. You ____________ pay attention to the instructions.
a. often should b. should always c. should be always
7. Teenagers believe they ____________ right.
a. never are b. are once a week c. are always
8. Athletes ____________ train hard and they ____________ eat healthy.
a. usually / never b. always / usually c. every day / seldom
9. Tom______ listens to the radio. He doesn’t like music.
a. often b. seldom c. usually
10. Celebrities ____________ extravagant clothes and they ____________ buying luxuries.
a. never / love always b. usually wear / never loves c. often wear / love

INGLÉS I
Use present simple or present progressive to complete the conversation

Alice: Hi, Kate. What ….................… (you / do)?
Kate: I ….................… (look) at the photos of my holiday in Spain. Look at this one! My brother
and I ….................… (ride) horses.
Alice: That’s great. What ….................… (your dad / do) in this photo?
Kate: He … (dance) with some people from the village. He always.................… (enjoy) our
holidays there.
Alice: ….................… (you /go) there every year?
Kate: No, we sometimes ….................… (stay) in England. What about you?
Alice: We usually ….................… (spend) a week in Italy. My aunt ................… (live) there.
Present Simple or Present Continuous. 7

Harold Black is a famous musician. He________________(give) two or three concerts
every week. He________(travel) a lot and this week he's in New York. He _________(stay)
at an expensive hotel. He's at his hotel now. He____________(have) his breakfast in his room.
He______________(drink) a cup of coffee and he____________(read) a newspaper.
Harold is always very busy. He___________(play) the piano regularly.
He_______________(practice) for three hours every day. He___________(go)to bed late and
he always__________(get up) early. But he sometimes______________(get) dressed too
quickly, and this morning he_____________(wear) one blue sock and one red one!
Read this invitation and answer the questions:
Time to relax!
Come and join our lunchtime yoga class with experienced yoga teacher Diana Bridge!
When? Every Tuesday at 1.30 p.m.
Where? Meeting Room number 7
How much does it cost? £10 for two 30-minute classes
What do you have to bring? Comfortable clothes. Diana will provide the yoga mats.
How do you join the class? Write to Sam at sam.holden@example.com
We can only take a maximum of 20 in the room, so book now!
1. Which day of the week does the yoga class take place? ………………………………
2. How many classes can you take for £10? ………………………………
3. What time will the class end? ………………………………
4. What kind of clothes do you need to bring to the class? ………………………………
5. What do you need to send to Sam if you want to join the yoga class? …………………
7
http://www.vpssa.edu.rs/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Present-Simple-vs.-Progressive-exercises.pdf
INGLÉS I
TELLING THE TIME
To tell the time we can ask the question

-What time is it? or What’s the time? - Do you know what time it is?
-Could you tell me what the time is?
There are two forms to tell the time:

1. Hour + minutes
What time is it?
It’s 7:20 = It’s seven twenty
2. Minutes + past / to + hour

It’s twenty past seven
* Be careful when using “TO” because you will have to discount the minutes that you have for
the next hour.
E.g., it’s 7. 40 = It’s twenty to eight.

INGLÉS I
What time is it? Write the correct number.
It’s a quarter to eight. ___ It’s twenty past seven. ____ It’s five to eight. ___
It’s five past seven. ___ It’s a quarter past seven. ____ It’s ten to eight. ____
It’s half past seven. ___ It’s twenty-five to eight. ____ It’s ten past seven. ____
It’s seven o’clock. ____ It’s twenty-five past seven. ____ It’s twenty to eight. ____
Match the phrases (a-h) with the times (1-8)
1. …… 2.30 p.m. a. Twelve noon

2. …… 6.25 p.m. b. Half past two in the afternoon
3. …… 12.00 p.m. c. Quarter past nine in the morning
4. …… 12.30 a.m. d. Five to four in the afternoon
5. …… 7.45 p.m. e. Quarter to eight in the evening
6. …… 3.55 p.m. f. Twenty to two in the morning
7. …… 9.15 a.m. g. Twenty-five past six in the evening
8. …… 1.40 a.m. h. Half past midnight

INGLÉS I
UNIT 3
MODALS OF ABILITY
CAN and COULD
Use
The modal verb CAN is used to express ability.
To express ability in the past we use the modal COULD.
FORM
Affirmative
I can play the guitar very well. Subject pronoun + _________ + verb
Negative
He can’t ride a bicycle. ______________+ can’t + verb
Questions
Can she speak German? _________ + subject p. + _______ + c?
Look at the picture and complete the gaps with can / can’t.
8
Marita Gomez is a secretary, and she is always busy. Being a secretary means doing many tasks
at once, and also you must have some skills. For example, Marita __________ take notes in
shorthand, she __________ deal with several phone calls; she __________ make coffee quickly,
but she __________ cook, by the way she always buys her lunch. Her position at the company is
so important that she __________ be absent for more than a week, this is why she __________
take just a few days off when she is on vacation. On some exceptional occasions, she
__________ ask for permission and she ________ take a day off, she deserves it! Nobody at the
company __________ work without Marita’s help. Companies always need secretaries or
assistants, we __________ do without them!
8
http://clipartmag.com/busy-secretary-cliparts#busy-secretary-cliparts-25.gif
INGLÉS I
1. Where are my keys? I ________find them.
a. can b.can’t c. could
2. He __________ to this place it is forbidden.
a. can enters b. can to enter c. can’t enter
3. We ________ hear you. The music is too loud.
a. can b. can’t c. could
4. Susy__________ but she __________ ,she is really good at it.
a. can sing / can dance b. can’t sing / can dance c. can sings / can’t dance
5. If you have some free time, you __________ go with us to the movies.
a. cannot b. can’t c. can
6. It's really dark in here, I ________ see anything at all.
7. The letters are too small. I ________ read anything.
8. My grandfather __________ run really fast when he was young. He won several medals.
9. In an exam you __________ your cell phone.
a. can to use b. can be used c. can’t use
10. __________ the window please, it is so stuffy in here?
a. Can you open b. Could you opened c. Can’t you opening
VOCABULARY
FOOD IDIOMS
Idioms are expressions which have a
meaning that is not literal.
To go bananas= to act without self-control
or restraint.
Have a bigger fish to fry = to have more
important things to do.
A piece of cake = something very easy.
Bring home the bacon = to earn money to live.
Cup of tea= something is not to your interests or tastes. Basically, you don't like it.
Hot potato= a controversial or difficult subject.
Spill the beans= reveal secret information.
A hard nut to crack= a difficult problem or person to deal with.
Big cheese= A very important and powerful person.
In a nutshel= in a few words.

INGLÉS I
Complete each blank with the most appropriate idiom:
1. Rap music is not my _______________; I prefer rock.

2. Your parents will ________ for it, it was a terrible thing to do.
3. I asked Bob to help me out, but he said he had ___________right now.
4. He left business school and became a ____________ in the city.
5. I'm looking for a job. I need to do something to _______________.
6. I didn’t know you were dating her. Since when? Come on, __________!
7. _________, the problem is that we had to move out of our office.
8. Mr. Smith is such ____________________ when he’s in a bad mood.
9. Migration is a political _________, rarely out of the news.
10. Learning English is so easy, is _____________________!
THE ADJECTIVE
What is an adjective?
An adjective is a word that describes something (a noun).
An adjective gives us more information about a person or thing.
Adjectives sometimes appear after the verb To Be

The order is To Be + Adjective.
• He is tall.
• She is happy.
Adjectives usually appear before a noun.
The order is Adjective + Noun.
• Slow car
• Brown hat
❖ Sometimes you want to use more than one adjective to describe something or someone.
What happens if a hat is both brown AND old?
Do we say… an old brown hat OR a brown old hat?
An old brown hat is correct because a certain order for adjectives is expected.
A brown old hat sounds incorrect or not natural.
More examples:
• It was made of a strange green metallic material.
• It’s a long new plastic brush.
• What an amazing little old Chinese saucer!
The adjectives go before nouns, and they follow a specific order.

Use the acronym OSSACOMP to help you.

INGLÉS I
ORDER OF THE ADJECTIVES
PRACTICE 2 Choose the correct alternative:

1. Can you lend me your ____________ laptop?
a. new red American
b. red American new
c. American new red
2. They live in a _______________house.
a. large new white
b. white large new
c. new white large
3. Please, put the marbles into that _________________box.
a. round silver little
b. silver little round
c. little round silver
4. I am going to buy that ____________ bag we saw at the mall yesterday.
a. long black German sleeping
b. German sleeping black long
c. black German long sleeping
5. Have you seen my ____________ purse?
a. fancy brand-new turquoise leather
b. brand-new leather turquoise fancy
c. turquoise fancy leather brand-new
6. Fortunately, he sold his ____________ car
a. Korean yellow large hideous
b. yellow hideous Korean large
c. hideous large yellow Korean
7. My uncle wore a ________ tie to the wedding.
a. silk blue tiny
b. tiny blue silk
c. blue silk tiny

INGLÉS I
Complete the sentences using the correct order or the adjectives
1. At home there is an _______________________ table in the living room.

(wooden/awful/square)
2. My sister-in law has _______________________________ hair.
(black/medium length/ beautiful)
3. The gallery exhibited mainly _____________________________ paintings.
(French/old/strange)
4. It started to rain so I opened an ______________________ umbrella.
(red/enormous/polyester)
5. Have you seen my ________________________________ lampshade?
(new/round/little)
6. I saw a ___________________________________________ wolf.
(huge/horrible/Canadian/gray)
7. Carlos is wearing a ______________________________ shirt.
(blue/cotton /nice )
8. I have a ________________________________________sofa.
(big/ leather /Spanish /old)
VOCABULARY
Fill in the blanks with one of the adjectives in the box below. 9
jealous generous suspicious curious glorious furious perilous nervous
1. The men knew they were in great danger. It was going to be a ___________ journey.
2. Pam is not a wealthy woman, yet she always gives a ____________contribution to charity.
3. Anna dislikes her naturally curly hair. She is __________ of her friend Misha’s straight hair.
4. The sun is shining and there is a cool breeze. It is a _______________day for a picnic.
5. A ball of yarn was missing from Grandma’s knitting basket. When she saw a bit of yellow
fuzz in Mr. Paw’s sleeping basket, Grandma became _____________of her cat.
6. Tony is going to visit his dad in Virginia. It is his first plane ride alone and he’s_________.
7. A large envelope arrived for Deanne with no return address. She was __________ as to who
could have sent it.
8. Yvonne worked hard on her science project. She was __________when she discovered that
her baby brother had ruined it.
9
https://www.pdfdrive.com/reading-comprehension-skills-and-strategies-level-7pdf-e33586767.html
INGLÉS I
CONNECTORS OF CONTRAST
They contrast information and are used to show an unexpected or surprising result.

1. ____________ the meal was very salty, I ate it all.
a. But b. Although c. Despite
2. Emma is tolerant and easy-going;____________,her sister is strong-headed and selfish.
a. on the other hand b. However c. In spite of
3. He works long hours, ______ he loves his job.
a. however b. despite c. but
4. He was an excellent student. __________, his twin was lazy and failed two subjects.
a. On the other hand b. But c. In spite of
5. The landscape was absolutely breathtaking, ________ the surroundings were dirty.
a. but b. nevertheless c. in spite of
6. ____________being so nervous, she sang quite well in her presentation.
a. But b. In spite of c. Although
7. ___________she tried hard, she couldn’t solve the problem.
a. However b. In spite of c. Even though
8. The big dog is quite tranquil, __________ the small dog is naughty.
a. nevertheless b. while c although
9. His novel was a success ___________the fact that some critics said it wouldn’t.
a. Whereas b. Nevertheless c. In spite of
10. __________ his bad temper, he is a generous being.
a. Despite b. Although c. On the other hand

INGLÉS I
SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Use
To describe an action or state that was completed at a specific time in the past.
• Marie moved to Paris when she was 27.
• The had their first child in 2010.
FIGURE IT OUT
1. The simple past use the auxiliary _________ for all the subject pronouns in
______________form and in ______ form + NOT.
2. In affirmative sentences the verb goes in ____________.
3. The verbs are divided in ___________________ verbs because we add “D / ED” to change
them to past form and ___________________ verbs that change completely.
4. The past tense of the verb To Be:
I / He / She / It ____________ You / We / They _____________
5. The verb to be is also an ____________ in the past tense for negative sentences and
questions.
6. The time expressions for the past tense are:
Y________________ L________ A_____________
Spelling rules for regular verbs
1. General 2. vowel + y = 3. consonant + y = 4. silent e = 5.CVC double

rule Add ED change y ➔ I + ED Add D the last
Add ED consonant.
visit = play = marry = advise = Stop =
miss = destroy = carry = admire = Mop =
watch = employ= study = damage = Commit =
Permit =
finish = cry = dance =
fix = try = injure =
buzz =
call =
listen =
need =

INGLÉS I
Read the text and complete with the correct form of the verbs
A FUNNY DAY
What a crazy day! Yesterday was the silliest day of my life I ______________ (wake up) early
and I ______________ (take) a quick shower, then I ______________ (have) a glass of juice for
breakfast, and I ______________ (go) straight to the bus stop. I ______________ (catch) the first
bus I ______________ (see), but I ______________ (make) a mistake, it ______________ (be)
the wrong bus, so I ______________ (get off) and I ______________ (have) to wait for another.
I ______________ (spend) two hours commuting to work. When I finally ______________ (get)
to work the doors ______________ (be) closed because it was Sunday. How terrible!

1. They buy a new car every year. Last year they _______ a new car, too.
a. bought b. buys c. buying
2. Mario ______________ at the concert because he ______________ at home.
a. wasn’t / was b. were / weren’t c. worked / was
3. Last year my friend Susan _______ an essay about the roles of women in modern society.
a. writes b.wrote c. wrotes
4. Nobody ______________ to his party and he ______________ miserable.
a. came / felt b. was / feel c. comes / was
5. Eleonor ______________ a talented singer, although she _____________deaf on one ear.
a. had / is b. was / was c. were / were
6. My laptop ______________ last night. That’s why I ______________ my homework.
a. broke downed / did b. break down / didn’t do c. broke down / didn’t do
7. My neighbor’s dog ______________ all night long, so I ______________
a. barked / couldn’t sleep b. barks / could not slept c. was barking / can sleep
8. _____ Judy and Liz at last month's meeting?
a. Are b. Were c. Was
9. I ___________ an e-mail to the company but they never answered..
a. read b. sent c. published
10. What __________ you _________ last weekend?
a. were / do b. do / did c. did / do
11. They______ to school yesterday.
a. didn’t came b. don’t come c. didn’t come
12. What _____you _____ in Ottawa?
a. did /see b. do / saw c. did / saw
13. ________ Jenny and Mary at last month’s meeting?
a. Are b. Was c. Were
14 I________tennis yesterday because I don’t know how to play it.
a. not played b. didn’t play c. didn’t played

INGLÉS I
READING
The fresh beauty of the following morning did something to efface from our minds the grim and
gray impression which had been left upon both of us by our first experience of Baskerville Hall.
As Sir Henry and I sat at breakfast the sunlight flooded in through the high windows, the dark
panelling glowed like bronze in the golden rays, and it was hard to realize that this was indeed
the chamber which had struck such a gloom into our souls upon the evening before.
‘I guess it is ourselves and not the house that we have to blame!’ said the baronet. ‘We were tired
with our journey and chilled by our drive, so we took a gray view of the place. Now we are fresh
and well, so it is all cheerful once more.’ ‘And yet it was not entirely a question of imagination,’
I answered. ‘Did you, for example, happen to hear someone, a woman I think, sobbing in the
night?’ ‘That is curious, for I did when I was half asleep,I heard something of the sort. I waited
quite a time,but there was no more of it, so I concluded that it was all a dream.’
‘I heard it distinctly, and I am sure that it was really the sob of a woman.’
‘We must ask about this right away.’ He rang the bell and asked Barrymore whether he could
account for our experience. It seemed to me that the pallid features of the butler turned a shade
paler still as he listened to his master’s question.
Write the words in bold with their meanings:
1. Crying noisily, taking in deep breaths ________________
2. Made cold, like being put in a fridge _________________
3. An unhealthy and not attractive face _________________
4. Without hope, gloomy _________________
5. to remove something intentionally _________________
6. To produced or reflect a bright light _________________
USED TO
It describes a past state or activity that is no longer true in the present.

INGLÉS I

1. She _________________ a vegetarian.
a. used to be b. use to was c. uses to be
2. She is blonde now, but she _________________ red hair.
a. did use to had b. used to be c. used to have
3. This place _________________ lots of trees.
a. used to have b. use to has c. had had
4. Nicolay _________________, but now he does it a lot.
a. didn’t used to smoke b. did not use to smoke c. did not smoked
5. Children _________________ cell phones, now things are different.
a. did have b. didn’t use to have c. didn’t used to have
6. Teachers _________________ strict.
a. used to be b. uses to be c. didn’t used to be
7. I__________ her but now I think she is great.
a. did used to like b. didn’t use to like c. didn’t use to liked
8. Families _________________ together and _________________
a. use to eat / talked b. used to ate / talk c. used to eat / talked
9. People _________________ more physical work.
a. used to do b. used to did c. uses to do
10. Parents _________________ more time to spend with their children.
a. didn’t used to have b. used to have c. did had
UNIT 4
PAST CONTINUOUS
Once upon a time a princess was sleeping.
While he was studying, I was checking my email.
I was writing, when my pen ran out of ink.
They were dancing at the disco last night.
FIGURE IT OUT
1. Use the Past Continuous to describe

 Complete actions  Actions in progress
2. Use the past continuous
 To describe background information
 Describe an action in progress that was interrupted  Both
3. Use _________ when you describe two actions in progress
 While / When  Yesterday / Last
4. The structure for the past continuous is
 was / were + v(ing)  verb + ed

INGLÉS I
Read the text and complete the sentences with the past continuous
It is a beautiful day. It is the day of my fifteenth birthday. My mother and my father are the
best parents in the world. Last night they _______________ (make) a wonderful cake for me. My
dad _______________ (talk) with my mother and siblings all night long. I think they
_______________(plan) a party for me. I could overhear them talking while I
_______________(do) my homework, they _______________ (coordinate) something for the
next day. I am not sure about the details or the place because my dog _______________(bark),
so it was a little bit hard to hear. Anyway, I know they have something I will certainly enjoy today!

1. While I_______________ a shower, somebody _______________.
a. was take / call b. was taking / called c. calling / took
2. The birds _______________ while it_______________.
a. was singing / raining b. rain / sing c. were singing / was raining
3. He _______________ a poem, when there was a blackout.
a. was writing b. wrote c. written
4. The kids _______________ at school all day. They are tired now.
a. studied b. were studying c. study
5. The teenagers _______________ the wall when the police _______________.
a. were painted / arrive b. painted / was arriving c. were painting / arrived
6. Susan_______________ a letter all yesterday afternoon.
a. was typing b. were type c. typed
7. While my mom _______________, my dad _______________ nothing.
a. cooked / did b. cooking / didn’t do c. was cooking / was doing
8. The teacher; who _______________ the exam, was rude and cold.
a. controlled b. controlling c. were controlling
9. Their son _______________ at the pool, when he _______________ a spider.
a. swam / saw b. were swimming / seeing c. was swimming / saw
10. Yesterday evening many people _______________ for the course.
a. were enrolling b. was enrolled c. enrolled
Past Simple or Past Continuous. Complete the sentences with the correct form.
1. He _______________ (dance) at a party when he ____________ (see) his girlfriend.
2. When they _______________ (see) the shark they _______________ (swim) in the sea.
3. Susan _______________ (arrive) while I _______________ (have) dinner.
4. He _______________ (play) football, when he _______________ (break) his leg.
5. I _______________ (wait) for my friend when the bus _______________ (arrive).
6. When I _______________ (get back) my mum _______________ (cook) dinner.

INGLÉS I
Reading Comprehension
Read and answer the questions
In 1519, Hernan Cortez led his army of Spanish Conquistadors into Mexico. Equipped with horses,
shining armor, and the most advanced weapons of the sixteenth century, he fought his way from
the flat coastal area into the mountainous
highlands. Cortez was looking for gold,
and he was sure that Indian groups in
Mexico had mined large amounts of the
precious metal. First, he conquered the
groups and then seized their precious
gold. His methods were very organized.
Initially, Cortez defeated the Tlascalans,
and then formed an alliance with them
to defeat the Aztecs, their enemies.
Because of an Aztec prophecy about the
return of Quetzacoatl, a legendary god-king who was light skinned and bearded, Cortez was
believed to be a god and was received by the Aztecs with honor. Later, this warm welcome turned
to mistrust and hatred when the Spaniards mistreated the Aztec people. Eventually, the Aztec
capital, Tenochtitlan, fell to the Spaniards. Cortez had Tenochtitlan razed and built Mexico City
on its ruins.
1. According to the text, which one of the following did NOT cause the defeat of the Aztecs?
A) The Aztecs initially thought that Cortez was a god.
B) Cortez knew how to form alliances with the Aztecs’ enemies.
C) The Conquistadors had advanced weapons.
D) The Spanish outnumbered the Aztecs.
2. The reader can infer from the passage that the Aztecs thought Cortez was the god from their
prophecy because…
A) he was light skinned and had a beard.
B) he rode a magnificent horse.
C) he spoke a foreign language.
D) he offered friendship.
3. According to the passage, what was Cortez’s major goal in his exploits?
A) to befriend the Aztecs
B) to get married
C) to return to Spain
D) to gain wealth and power
4. Which of the following sayings should the Aztecs have heeded?
A) Seeing is believing.
B) Beware of strangers.
C) There’s no place like home.
D) A friend in need is a friend indeed.

INGLÉS I
PHRASAL VERBS
A group of words that consists of a verb with a preposition or adverb or both, the meaning of
which is different from the meaning of its separate parts.
Phrasal verbs with look

Look forward to something: feeling excited about something that is going to happen.
Look something up: to find information by looking in a book or by using a computer.
Look up to somebody: to admire and respect someone.
Look into something: to investigate or research the cause of a problem or a crime.
Look out for someone: to try to make sure that someone is treated well.
Look through somebody: pretend not to notice a person you know.
Look through something: to read something quickly.
Look down on somebody: to think that you are better than others.
Look back on: to think about something in the past
Look after somebody: to be responsible for or take care of someone or something.
Complete the sentences with the correct phrasal verbs.

1.I’ve been waiting for so long I didn’t think this day would arrive. I’m really looking
___________ _____ meeting Jane for the first time. So exciting!
2.They weren’t sure about the information, so they had to look it _______ on internet.
3. She has always looked _________ ________ her sister. She’s one of the best students in her
class and a great person.
4. It’s frequent to find people that look _________ ________ others just because they are rich.
5. I have to think carefully about this. I don’t want to be 65 and look __________ _______ this
moment and regret not taking the right decision.
6. My parents told me to look _________ ________ my younger brother because he is still too
little to come alone to the swimming pool.
7. Don’t bother reading it all in detail. Just look _________________ it and find what we need.
8. The principal promised to look ____________ the matter and find a solution.
9. Whenever he meets his ex-girlfriend, she looks straight _________him.
10. Don't worry about Miranda, she can look __________ herself.

INGLÉS I
CONNECTORS OF SEQUENCE
Complete the sentences with the correct connector of sequence.

1. ________________, boil some water. ________________, add the pasta.
________________, drain the pasta.
2. ________________ he saw the message on his cell phone, he left the house.
3. Two hours ________________, he showed up at the meeting.
4. _______________ he painted the wall; he had already sanded the wall.
5. I told her not to talk about that topic with him. She talked to him shortly _______________
6. Fill out the form, _______________ present it in admission.
7. _______________ hours of silence, he _______________ decided to confess the crime.
8. _______________ you leave, make sure you have the keys with you.
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
We use the Present Perfect for actions or states in the past which have a connection with the
present, the exact time is not important.10
FORM
Complete the charts
with the
auxiliaries.
10
Promodou, Luke. Grammar and Vocabulary for FCE. England. 2002

INGLÉS I
FORM EXAMPLE
AFFIRMATIVE She has eaten Suri once.
He / She / It ________ They have gone on a cruise many times.
I / You / We / They ________
NEGATIVE He hasn’t seen that movie.
He / She / It ________ I haven’t cheated on an exam.
I / You / We / They ________
QUESTION Has he ever ridden a horse?
________ He / She / It Have they ever been to Cancun?
________ I / You / We / They
1. I ____________ my keys. Can you help me look for them?
a. am losing b. have lost c. has lost
2. Our customer service agent ________ our client in the accident.
a. has helped b. helped c. have helped
3. In fact, novice exporters ______ on the Asian market recently.
a. are focusing b. focus c. have focused
4. Our human resources manager ________ in our company for more than ten years.
a. is b. has been c. was
5. Two of the most famous brands __________a strategic alliance to gain more market.
a. signed b. are signing c. have signed
6. I _________Hockey since I was a child.I'm pretty good!.
a. playing b. played c. have played
7. The price of the company shares_________ since February.
a. has decreased b. decreased c. is decreasing
8. Our business__________ profitable enough.
a. have been b. has not be c. has never been
9. Our suppliers ____________to the training session. Where are they now?
a. has not go b. went c. have not been
10. I ____________ in the morning shift, my whole life.
a. have worked b. did c. have done

INGLÉS I
EXPRESSIONS FOR THE PRESENT PERFECT part I
SINCE
We use SINCE to give a reference when the action probably started, but not finished.
Since November, since last year, since I graduated
Since I was a kid, since Friday, since 9:15
They have had this business since 2000.
FOR
We use for to say the duration of an activity from the moment it started until now.
For a long time, for a couple of days, for two months, for hours, for two minutes
We have studied for two months.
Complete with SINCE or FOR.

1. He has worked here _____ twenty years.
2. He hasn’t talked to him ______ Monday.
3. I have studied Business ______ more than four semesters.
4. I haven't made a good deal _____ last month.
5. I have been on vacation _____ the last three weeks.
6. My sister has been waiting ______ noon.
7. I haven’t heard from him _______ a couple of days.
8. Marcia hasn't had a day off _______ 2000.
9. The firm has exported such goods _________ a long time.
10. I have been in this office ________ 2:00 o’clock.
PRESENT PERFECT VS. SIMPLE PAST

Use the verb in brackets in past simple or present perfect.
1. Jonny, I can't believe how much you ________(change) since the last time I saw you.
2. Yesterday we_______ (go) to the new museum for the first time.
3. I__________(lose) my keys! And I can't get into my house.
4. I _____________ (read) the newspaper twice today
5. I _______never _______(taste) champagne.
6. Her son _____________ (go) to Paris when he _____________ (be) only 5.
7. _____________you _____________(watch) TV last night?
8. He _____________ (have) a surgery a week ago.
9. Last month I ___________(go) to Scontland for my vacations.
10. Mr. Burns is very important in this company. He _______ ( be) here for 30 years.
11. I _____________ (not see) you at college yesterday.
12. I can’t join you now because I___________( not / do) my homework yet.

INGLÉS I
EXPRESSIONS FOR THE PRESENT PERFECT part II
‘Just’ means ‘a short time ago’. It is used in affirmative statements.

I’ve just called the customer.
‘Yet’ tells us that something expected to happen has not happened (Use a negative sentence)
or to ask if it has happened (we use a question) we use it at the end of a question.
They haven’t offered me a bigger compensation yet.
‘Still’ tells us that something continues and has not finished. We use it in mid position and if the
sentence is negative, it comes before the negative word.
I still haven’t been able to finish the schedule. I have tons of work!
‘Already’ expresses surprise that something has happened sooner than expected. We use it in
positive sentences and questions. We use it in mid or end position.
I’ve already checked my flight.
Complete with one suitable word
1. Carlos has __________certified the system. He finished two minutes ago.
2. Have you uploaded the information_________?
3. The project manager __________hasn’t said a word.
4. I can’t believe you have______bought your Christmas presents! It’s not even December____.
5. The man has ________worked as a constructor before.
6. The factory hasn’t apologized with their employees __________.
7. I _________ haven’t seen our boss.
8. She has __________ gone to work few minutes ago.
9. Mary has _______ been to Seattle. In 2010.
10. I have not seen the secretary ________.

INGLÉS I

1. Yes, I know Dave. We have _____ been introduced. It was at a party last week.
a. already b. still c. always
2. The delivery has ________arrived. It was five minutes ago.
a. already b. always c. just
3. Has they cleared away the debris______?
a. already b. still c. yet
4. Our company needs someone with much more expertise, but they ______haven’t taken on a
civil engineer.
a. yet b. still c. already
5. Don't come in here with those muddy shoes! I have ____cleaned this floor!
a. just b. already c. yet
6. The engineers have been working hard in this project, but I ______ haven't seen the result.
a. already b. yet c. still
7. They said they were not going to make changes, but so far they have ______ demolished two
buildings.
a. already b. still c. just
8. She______hasn't replied to my email. Maybe she's on holiday.
a. already b. just c. still
9. My brother bought a house last month, but he hasn't renovated it______.
a. just b. still c. yet
10. They have _____gone to the airport.
a. still b. already c. just
SYNONYMS11
Complete the sentences using a word from the box below.
fed up brilliant messy modern wealthy
1. Mary’s family is very rich; I know her uncle is very ___________.

2. Look at all these new buildings, Paris is more__________ than I expected.
3. That movie was wonderful, indeed was_____________.
4. Ann’s bedroom is untidy, I told her yesterday that it was ________, but she didn’t listen.
5. –I am bored with this book. – I know, I’m really ________with it too.
11
SOARS,John and Liz. Headway English Course. Oxford University Press 2000, p. 52.
INGLÉS I
UNIT 5
PAST PERFECT TENSE
The Past Perfect is the past form of the Present Perfect; it describes a past event which
happened before another past event.
FORM12
Complete the charts with the auxiliaries
FORM EXAMPLE
AFFIRMATIVE She had been here before
He / She / It They had already started before they arrived.
I / You / We / They ________
NEGATIVE He hadn’t seen that movie before.
He / She / It I hadn’t been to that restaurant.
I / You / We / They ________
QUESTION Had he ever driven a truck?
________ He / She / It
I / You / We / They
12
https://www.off2class.com/past-perfect-simple-free-resources/
INGLÉS I

1. We were not able to stay overnight at the hotel since we had not ______a room in advance.
a. had b. reserved c. had reserved
2. The engineer wanted to know what ______________ in the accident.
a. has happened b. had happened c. happened
3. He________ from the laboratory, before the supervisor arrived.
a. went b. had come back c. came back
4. We were late because we_______our passports.
a. had forgotten b. has forgot c. had been forgetting
5. Sarah ________ in a reunion with the builders, before the engineer arrived.
a. has been b. had been c. gone
6. His baby had never ___________ such high temperature before.
a. had b. seen c. had showed
7. What ______________ to their friend was a mystery to me.
a. has happened b. had happened c. happened
8. My aunt ________ to another doctor to get a second opinion, before the surgery.
a. went b. had gone c. has gone
ANTONYMS
Mark the opposite of the bold word.
1. The opposite of amplify is_______. a. magnify b. withdraw c. allay d. lessen

2. The opposite of rough is_____. a. spicy b.smooth c.sour d.raking
3. The opposite of sick is______. a. funny b. brick c. healthy d. regretful
4. The opposite of festive is____. a.dreary b.gruesome c.serene d.jaunty
5. The opposite of soft is ____. a.hard b.theme c.work d.dubious
6. The opposite of funny is_____. a. serious b.hungry c.humorous d.witty
7. The opposite of friend is____. a.foe b. sidekick c. reliable d. wrongful
8. The opposite of plump is ____. a. fat b. slim c. short d. old
9. The opposite of despise is ___. a. need b. hate c. love d. believe
10. The opposite of gaunt is_____. a. lanky b. pliant c. brawny d. rangy

INGLÉS I
VOCABULARY : -ED /-ING ADJECTIVES
There are many adjectives that we have in English that end in -ED or -ING.
For example:
- I'm interested in modern art.
- Modern art is interesting.
• An adjective that ends in -ED is used to describe: a feeling (or how a person feels) or an
emotion. It is used to describe a temporary thing.
• An adjective that ends in -ING is used to describe: the characteristic of a person, a thing
or a situation.
Compare the difference:
•My girlfriend is bored. •My girlfriend is boring.
You can use these adjectives to describe people or situations but be careful that you are using
the correct adjective.
Complete the sentences using -ing adjectives or -ed adjectives.

1. The children looked _____ by the old toys.
a) fascinated b) fascinating
2. I felt _____ after just a short time in the forest.
a) invigorated b) invigorating
3. The recent downward trend in poverty seems _____.
a) encouraged b) encouraging
4. _____ at the thought of moving away, Jonathon began to cry.
a) Terrified b) Terrifying
5. When you're not in good spirits, it is _____ to stay in bed all day.
a) tempted b) tempting
6. Never had Ann felt so _____ by the landscape she traveled through.
a) charmed b) charming
7. As _____ as it is to be with others, it's crucial to spend some time alone.
a) comforted b) comforting
8. The working mother was _____ at the thought of being labeled a "homemaker."
a) amused b) amusing
9. The students are very __________ about the exam results.
a) disappointed b) disappointing
10. He's a very _______ man. He's travelled all around the world.
a) interested b) interesting

INGLÉS I
PAST PERFECT AND PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Past perfect ( had + past participle) Past perfect continuous ( had been + ing
verb)
We use the past perfect to talk about an We use the pas perfect continuous to talk
event or action that happened before about an ongoing process, event, or action that
another event in the past. happened before another event in the past.
She was surprised to get such a good He was happy when the bus finally arrived
grade on the test because she hadn’t because he had been waiting for three hours.
sudied for it.
PRACTICE 4
Choose the correct alternative
1. Davis (had performed / had been performing) around the world for more than 15 years before
he was discovered by producer Arthur Jensen.
2. She (had turned / had been turning) 45 before she won her first speed-reading prize.
3. When she set her world record, she ( had practiced / had been practicing) for many years.
4. By the age of 5, he (had started / had been starting) a successful new project.
5. Mark ( had visited / had been visiting) his friends before he went abroad for two months.
6. Patty ( had danced / had been dancing )for two hours before her boyfriend arrived.
VOCABULARY
Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
against break milestone astonishment overcome pain stunt endurance
1. Jumping a motorcycle over a moving bus is a very difficult ____________.

2. As soon as you set a record, someone else will try to __________it.
3. To face a challenge, you have to _________ your fears and doubts.
4. Athletes often undergo ________ and suffering on the way to success.
5. When you reach an important ___________ in your life, it’s a time for meditation.
6. People who run long distances need a lot of _____________.
7. Sometimes you compete with other people, and sometimes you compete________ yourself.
8. The crowd gasped in ____________at the magician’s skill.

INGLÉS I
CONNECTORS OF CONCLUSION
Complete the sentences with the correct connector
1. You didn’t clean your bedroom. _________________, you won’t go out with your friends.
2. _________________, you will be able to work in a few weeks.
3. _________________that we need more people for the project.
4. You will be in charge of the two companies. _________________, you are the son of the
owner, and you know the business very well.
5. There have been several mistakes in the report and your performance hasn’t been the best
these years, in _________________ you will have to leave the company for your own sake.
6. We have been working extra hours this week, and we are not going to receive a penny for
that, so I _________________ that we need another fellow to help us.
7. We had a severe drought. _________________, there will be water shortage in the next few
months.
8. I have to go to the bank, pay the bills, clean the house, and take the dog for a walk.
_________________, I have lots to do today.
9. I arrive _________________ we need to raise awareness about the environment.
10. _________________, the meeting was about the SWOT analysis.

INGLÉS I
APPENDIX
Base Form Past Simple Past Participle Present Meaning

Participle
awake awoke awoken - despertar
be was, were been being Ser/estar
become became become becoming Llegar a ser
begin began begun beginning empezar
bite bit bitten biting morder
blow blew blown blowing soplar
break broke broken breaking romper
buy bought bought buying comprar
catch caught caught catching coger
come came come coming venir
cut cut cut cutting cortar
do did done doing hacer
dream dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt dreaming soñar
drive drove driven driving manejar
drink drank drunk drinking beber
eat ate eaten eating comer
fall fell fallen falling caer
feel felt felt feeling sentir
fight fought fought fighting luchar
find found found finding encontrar
fly flew flown flying volar
forget forgot forgotten forgetting olvidar

INGLÉS I
forgive forgave forgiven forgiving perdonar
freeze froze frozen freezing congelar
get got got / gotten getting conseguir
give gave given giving dar
go went gone going ir
have had had having tener
learn learned/learnt learned/learnt learning aprender
leave left left leaving salir
lend lent lent lending prestar
let let let letting permitir
make made made making hacer
put put put putting poner
read read read reading leer
ride rode ridden riding montar
ring rang rung ringing timbrar
run ran run running correr
say said said saying decir
see saw seen seeing ver
sell sold sold selling vender
send sent sent sending enviar
sing sang sung singing cantar
sit sat sat sitting sentarse
sleep slept slept sleeping dormir
speak spoke spoken speaking hablar

INGLÉS I
spend spent spent spending gastar
stand stood stood - pararse
swim swam swum swimming nadar
take took taken taking tomar
teach taught taught teaching enseñar
tell told told telling contar
think thought thought thinking pensar
wear wore worn wearing usar
win won won winning ganar
write wrote written writing escribir

INGLÉS I
ANSWER KEY
Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 Unit 5

P1 P2 P3 P1 P2 P1 P2 P1 P2 P3 P1 P2 P3
1.b 1.a 1.a 1.b 1.a 1.c 1.a 1.c 1.a 1.b 1.a 1.a 1.b
2.a 2.b 2.a 2.b 2.c 2.b 2.a 2.b 2.a 2.c 2.a 2.c 2.c
3.b 3.c 3.b 3.a 3.b 3.b 3.b 3.b 3.b 3.c 3.b 3.a 3.a
4.b 4.a 4.c 4.b 4.c 4.a 4.b 4.a 4.b 4.a 4.a 4.b 4.b
5.b 5.c 5.b 5.c 5.c 5.c 5.a 5.c 5.a 5.a 5.b 5.b 5.c
6.c 6.b 6.b 6.b 6.b 6.c 6.b 6.c 6.b 6.b 6.c 6.a 6.a
7.a 7.c 7.c 7.b 7.b 7.c 7.c 7.c 7.c 7.c 7.a 7.a 7.c
8.b 8.c 8.b 8.b 8.b 8.c 8.b 8.c 8.b 8.b 8.b 8.c 8.a
9.a 9.a 9.a 9.c 9.b 9.b 9.a 9.b 9.a 9.c 9.b 9.a 9.c
10.a 10.c 10.c 10.c 10.a 10.a 10.c 10.a 10.c 10.a 10.c 10.b 10.a
11.b 11.c
12.b 12.c
13.a
Referencias Bibliográficas
International Communication Agency, U. (1978). Rapid Reader. Washington DC: Directorate

for Educational and Cultural Affairs.
Promodou, Luke. Grammar and Vocabulary for FCE. England. 2002
Bonner, Margaret. Focus on Grammar. Longman. New York. 2000
http://www.gutenberg.org/
http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org
http://www.myenglishpages.com/
http://www.ego4u.com/
http://www.grammarbank.com

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UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA

Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera

SUBJECT PRONOUN AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION

Complete the sentences with the verb TO BE in the correct form

Make questions with these words.1

1. (are / students / they) ___________________________________?

1 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera PRECATÓLICA 2025-I

Possessive Adjectives and

she her her hers herself

2. Object pronouns usually go  after  before a verb or a preposition.

4. Possessive pronouns replace  a possessive adjective + noun

PRACTICE 2 Choose the correct alternative

3 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera PRECATÓLICA 2025-I

QUESTION FUNCTION MEANING

Complete with the correct interrogative pronoun.

1. A: ________ are you leaving?

4 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera PRECATÓLICA 2025-I

5 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera PRECATÓLICA 2025-I

Complete the text with the correct preposition

PRACTICE 3 Choose the correct preposition.

6 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera PRECATÓLICA 2025-I

Write these verbs in the correct column.

7 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera PRECATÓLICA 2025-I

PRACTICE 1 Choose the correct alternative

Write questions in the present continuous using the following words.

1. Adam / run down the street? ____________________________________

8 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera PRECATÓLICA 2025-I

BOOKS AND WRITERS

Write T (true) or F (false)

9 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera PRECATÓLICA 2025-I

COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

PLURAL COUNT NOUNS USE NON-COUNT

10 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera PRECATÓLICA 2025-I

PRACTICE 2 Choose the correct alternative.

Complete the following dialogues with SOME, A and ANY.3

Customer: Good afternoon. Can we have _______ water, please?

Complete the following sentences with the correct connector of addition.

1. She is always eating. _______, she eats unhealthy food..

12 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera PRECATÓLICA 2025-I

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Affirmative Subject + Verb base form + -s/es (if singular) + complement

13 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera PRECATÓLICA 2025-I

Play, pray 2. Add ________________

Cry, hurry, study, try 3. Change _____________ Add ______

Fix, brush, watch, miss, 4. Add ________________

Read the text and answer the questions

PRACTICE 1 Choose the correct alternative

1. What does Clara do? __________________________________________

Rewrite the sentences in the correct form.

PRACTICE 2 Choose the correct alternative.

17 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera PRECATÓLICA 2025-I

Use present simple or present progressive to complete the conversation

Present Simple or Present Continuous. 7

Read this invitation and answer the questions:

TELLING THE TIME

To tell the time we can ask the question

There are two forms to tell the time:

2. Minutes + past / to + hour

19 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera PRECATÓLICA 2025-I

What time is it? Write the correct number.

Match the phrases (a-h) with the times (1-8)

1. …… 2.30 p.m. a. Twelve noon

20 Fernando Daniel Málaga Herrera PRECATÓLICA 2025-I

Cry, hurry, study, try 3. Change _______ Add