CRI 184 – JUVENILE DELINQUENCY AND JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM 8.

8. The idea that criminals manifest physical anomalies that make

(PRE-COMPREHENSIVE EXAM) them biologically and physiologically similar to our primitive
ancestors is _____.
1. What refers to the process by which juvenile offenders continue A. Atavism - the reappearance of a trait that had been lost
in their delinquent careers? during evolution
A. Withdrawal B. Born criminal - criminals are distinguished from non-
B. Persistence criminals by multiple physical anomalies
C. Aging-out - a phenomenon where individuals tend to - could be anatomically identified by such items as a
commit fewer crimes as they grow older sloping forehead, ears of unusual size, asymmetry of
D. Repression – crime control the face, excessive length of arms, asymmetry of the
cranium, dark skin and other “physical stigmata”
2. The power of the state to act on behalf of the child and provide C. Criminal atavism
care and protection equivalent to that of a parent is called D. Humanoid
_____.
A. Stare decisis - when a court faces a legal argument, if a 9. A theory that viewed behavior is modeled through observation is
previous court has ruled on the same or a closely related _____.
issue, then the court will make their decision in alignment A. Differential Association - crime is learned behavior
with the previous court's decision B. Social Learning by Albert Bandura
B. Police power – one of the inherent power of the state; C. Theory of Imitation – (by Gabriel Tarde) crime is the result
regulates both liberty and property of imitation or modeling the behaviors of others
C. Parens patriae D. Social Bond - Travis Hirsch claims that social bonds like
D. Veto power - the president may refuse to sign a bill, attachment, commitment, involvement and belief prevent
sending the bill back to the house where it originated along actors to behave deviantly
with his objections
10. What refers to the program that the child in conflict with the law
3. A delinquent with five or more juvenile arrests is _________. is required to undergo after he/she is found responsible for an
A. Offender offense without resorting to formal court proceedings?
B. Recidivist - is one who, at the time of his trial for one crime, A. Diversion program
shall have been previously convicted by final judgment of B. Diversion - refers to an alternative, child-appropriate
another crime embraced in the same title of this Code process of determining the responsibility and treatment of
[Article 14 (9) of RPC] a child in conflict with the law on the basis of his/her social,
C. Chronic Offender cultural, economic, psychological or educational
D. Habitual Delinquent - if within a period of ten years from background without resorting to formal court proceedings.
the date of his release or last conviction of the crime of C. Intervention - refers to a series of activities which are
robbery, theft, estafa, or falsification, he is found guilty of designed to address issues that caused the child to commit
any of said crimes a third time or oftener [Article 62 (5d) of an offense
RPC] D. Intervention program - refers to programmatic approaches
or systematic social protection programs for children that
4. Which theory explains the idea that youth move in and out of are designed to promote the physical and social well-being
delinquency and that their lifestyles can embrace both of children, avert or prevent juvenile delinquency from
conventional and deviant behavior? occurring and stop or prevent children from re-offending
A. Drift
B. Exposure – (or Lifestyle Theory) a model of victimology that 11. It seeks to obtain reparation for the victim; reconciliation of the
posits that the likelihood an individual will suffer a personal offender, the offended, and the community; and reassurance to
victimization depends heavily upon the concept of lifestyle. the offender that he/she can be reintegrated into society is
C. Shifting _____.
D. Neutralization - explain how criminals differ blame for the A. Justice
crimes they commit B. Just Desert - designed to promote equality and fairness of
(1) Denial of Responsibility sentencing for the imposition of a sentence; the
(2) Denial of Injury punishment should fit the crime
(3) Denial of Victim C. Restorative Justice
(4) Condemnation of the condemners D. Due Process – hears before it condemns
(5) Appeal to higher loyalty
12. Which is a 24-hour child-caring institution providing short-term
5. Which theory states that society creates deviance through a residential care for children in conflict with the law who are
system of social control agencies that designate certain awaiting court disposition of their cases or transfer to other
individuals as delinquent, thereby stigmatizing youths and agencies or jurisdictions?
encouraging them to accept this negative personality identity? A. Youth Rehabilitation Center
A. Self-labeling B. Youth Detention Home – refers to a 24-hour child-caring
B. Stigmatized individual institution managed by accredited local government units
C. Labeling (LGUs) and licensed and/or accredited non-government
D. Self-fulfilling - shows how a belief or expectation of a organizations (NGOs) providing short-term residential care
person/group whether correct or not, affects the way a for children in conflict with the law who are awaiting court
person/group will behave disposition of their cases or transfer to other agencies or
jurisdiction
6. A family unit that is composed of parents and their children is C. Rehabilitation Center - a registered institution (other than a
_____. hospital) which provides physiotherapy, occupational
A. Nuclear therapy and other rehabilitative treatment for physical
B. Truncated - this refers to grandparents and grandchildren injury, dysfunction or disability
relationships D. Tahanan ng Kabataan - (a Drug Rehabilitation Center in
C. Blended - the parents have children from previous Laguna)
relationships but all the members come together as one
unit 13. An undertaking in lieu of a bond assumed by a parent or
D. Joint - this refers to married children with their spouses and custodian who shall be responsible for the child’s appearance in
children living in one residence court in conflict with the law when required is _____.
A. Corporate Surety - provides a guarantee that the executor
7. Status offenders are otherwise known as: or administrator will fulfill their duties in accordance with
A. Delinquent - a young person who behaves an unacceptable the law, and in the event that they fail to do so, the surety
way company will provide financial compensation to the estate
B. Wayward minors and its beneficiaries
C. Chronic offenders B. Bail - allows the temporary release of an accused person
D. Battered child - the collection of injuries sustained by a pending trial, ensuring their presence during court
child as a result of repeated mistreatment or beating proceedings while safeguarding their rights
C. Recognizance
 D. Cash Deposit - the accused or any person acting in his
behalf may deposit in cash with the nearest collector of
internal revenue or provincial, city, or municipal treasurer
the amount of bail fixed by the court, or recommended by
the prosecutor who investigated or filed the case
14. It refers to any form of detention or imprisonment from which
the child in conflict with the law is not permitted to leave at will
by order of any judicial or administrative authority is _____.
A. Deprivation of liberty
B. Detention - is the act where a police officer or law
enforcement official deprives a person of their liberty for a
temporary period following a legal process
C. Custody - a circumstance in which a suspect is deprived of
his freedom in any significant way or is led to believe, as a
reasonable person would be, that he or she has been so
deprived
D. Imprisonment - incarceration
15. When a family court is not available in a locality, what court shall
take jurisdiction over juvenile cases?
A. Regional Trial Court
B. Municipal Trial Court
C. Family Court
D. District Court
16. The totality of the circumstances and conditions which are most
congenial to the survival, protection, and feelings of security of
the child and most encouraging to the child's physical,
psychological, and emotional development is:
A. Interest of the child
B. Child’s welfare
C. Best interest of the child
D. Child’s protection
17. Which of the following is NOT included in describing the child at
risk?
A. Being out of school
B. Being a member of a syndicate
C. Being a street child
D. Living in situations of armed conflict
18. The right not to be subjected to torture or other cruel, inhuman,
or degrading treatment or punishment; the right not to be
imposed a sentence of capital punishment, and the right to bail
and recognize are examples of __________.
A. Rights of the child in conflict with the law
B. Rights of the child
C. Constitutional rights of the child offender
D. Statutory rights of the child
19. What program shall a child above fifteen years but below 18
years old undergo if he/she acted without discernment?
A. Intervention
B. Community-based - refers to the programs provided in a
community setting developed for purposes of intervention
and diversion, as well as rehabilitation of the child in
conflict with the law, for reintegration into his/her family
and/or community
C. Diversion
D. Counseling - a talking therapy that involves a trained
therapist listening to you and helping you find ways to deal
with emotional issues
20. Any contest when it comes to the age of the child must be
resolved within how many hours?
A. 18 hours
B. 12 hours
C. 24 hours
D. 36 hours
21. Juvenile Justice and Welfare Council shall be chaired by an
undersecretary of the _____.
A. Department of Justice
B. Department of Social Welfare and Development
C. Department of Health
D. Department of Interior and Local Government
22. All records and proceedings involving children in conflict with
the law from initial contact until the final disposition of the case
shall be considered _____. [Section 3-1 Protection upon Initial
Contact, Chapter 3 of PNP Manual in Handling CAR (Children at
Risk) and CICL (Children in Conflict with the Law) Cases]
A. confidential and privileged
B. privileged
C. privileged and confidential
D. confidential
23. Under RA 9344, what is considered an alternative to
imprisonment?
A. Diversion program
B. Intervention
C. Automatic suspension - Once the child who is under
eighteen (18) years of age at the time of the commission of
the offense is found guilty of the offense charged, the court
shall determine and ascertain any civil liability which may
have resulted from the offense committed. However,
instead of pronouncing the judgment of conviction, the
court shall place the child in conflict with the law under
suspended sentence, without need of application.
Note: Suspension of sentence shall still be applied even if
the juvenile is already eighteen (18) years of age or more at
the time of the pronouncement of his/her guilt.
D. Probation - a privilege granted by the court to a person
convicted of a criminal offense to remain in the
community instead of actually going to prison/jail
24. If adolescents are indeed bound by the social order, how do they
justify their delinquent acts?
A. They just ignore it and blame others of their mistakes.
B. They develop techniques to rationalize their actions.
C. They enter a shift of drift.
D. They are full of pretensions.
25. This family model describes the father as the chief executive
officer while the mother as the operating officer, where she
implements the father’s policy and manages the staff (children)
is _____.
A. Team - father is the head, mother is the chief of the
training table and cheer leader, and the children suffer
frequent performance anxiety; winning is everything.
B. Corporate
C. Boarding School - father is the rector or head master,
mother is the dorm counselor, and children are the dutiful
students; taught and test
D. Theatrical - father is the producer, mother is the stage
manager, doubles in the part of the mother and children,
the stagehands; scripted, the roles are sex stereotypes, and
the plot is predictable
26. JC’s parents are warm but firm towards them. Their parents deal
with them in a rational, issue-oriented manner and engage them
in discussion and explanation over-rules and discipline. His
parents are deemed _____.
A. Authoritarian – parents are not responsive to their children
and show little warmth and support; they tend to
discourage independent behaviors of children
B. Indulgent - parents behave in responsive accepting, benign
or kind, and more passive ways in matters of discipline
C. Authoritative
D. Indifferent – parents are fairly unresponsive to their child;
know little about their child’s activities and whereabouts
27. What is the legal doctrine that unless the mother is "unfit", very
young children should be placed in custody with their mother
following a divorce?
A. Tender Years Doctrine
B. Illegitimacy
C. Psychological Parent Doctrine - developed to protect
children who had formed a parental bond with such non-
legal second parents from losing the relationship
D. Poisonous Tree Doctrine - evidence obtained from illegal
arrest, search or seizure is not admissible in the court of
law (refer to Section 3(2), Article III of 1987 PH
Constitution)
28. Parental authority terminates permanently in the following
circumstances EXCEPT:
A. Upon emancipation of the child
B. Upon the death of the parents
C. Upon separation of parents – DOES NOT terminate
parental authority
D. Upon the death of the child
29. It includes general measures to promote social justice and equal
opportunity, which tackle the perceived root causes of offending
is _____.
A. Primary intervention
B. Secondary prevention - involves intervention with juvenile
offenders in the early stages of their offending histories to
prevent further involvement in the juvenile justice system
 + Tertiary prevention - focuses on the rehabilitation of
hardcore, serious offenders
C. Secondary intervention - includes measures to assist
children at risk
+ Tertiary intervention - includes measures to avoid
unnecessary contact with the formal justice
system and other measures to prevent re-offending.
D. Primary prevention - preventing children at risk of
becoming juvenile offenders from committing their first
offenses
30. Under this circumstance, parents physically leave their children
with the intention of completely severing the parent-child
relationship is _____.
A. Neglect - failure to supply a child with what it needs to live,
food, water, medical care, a safe environment
B. Child abuse
C. Abandonment
D. Battered child
31. An institution or person assuming the care, custody, protection,
and maintenance of children for placement in any child-caring
institution is _____.
A. Child Placing Agency
B. Detention Home – (see the definition of Youth Detention
Home)
C. Shelter Home
D. Child Caring Facility – (e.g. Bahay Pag-asa and Youth
Rehabilitation Center)
32. The following will have the authority over the child in case of
separation and death of both parents EXCEPT:
A. Guardian appointed by the court
B. Grandparents of the child
C. Surviving parent of the child
D. A guardian who is 18 years old – DOES NOT have the
authority over the child in case the parents separate
33. Which acts of buying and selling of a child for money, or for any
other consideration, or barter constitute the crime of?
A. Child abuse
B. Child trafficking
C. Child neglect – not attending the basic needs of the child
D. Child selling
34. These are those delinquents described as pro-social as they
participate in a group. They have common or similar
characteristics. They do what others are doing is _____.
A. Occasional
B. Emotionally maladjusted - they are chronic lawbreakers
who make law breaking a habit they cannot avoid or escape
C. Maladjusted - the activity stems from personality
disturbance rather than gang activities or slum residence
D. Psychiatric - they are youths who became delinquents due
to mental illness or serious emotional disturbances in the
family
35. Hans was asked by his mother to clean the dishes. After hearing
that, John automatically went outside the house to play with his
friends. In the statement, he manifests what kind of pathway to
delinquency.
A. Authority-conflict pathway
B. Covert pathway - it begins with minor, deceitful behavior
that leads to property damage and will escalate to more
serious forms of criminality such as violence
C. Overt pathway - it will start with minor aggression, physical
fighting and then to violence
D. Defiance pathway
36. Which are youths characterized by an egocentric personality
because of this character defect, they can easily victimize others
with little or no anxiety or guilt?
A. Socialized delinquents - youths who became delinquent as
a result of their social association with people from whom
they learned deviant values
B. Psychotic delinquents - youths with severe personality
disturbance of their perception of the society and people
around them
C. Neurotic delinquents - youths who became delinquents as a
result of distortions in their personality and perception of
the world around them.
D. Sociopathic delinquents
37. The members of this classification are severely or profoundly
retarded; hence, the least capable group is _____.
A. Trainable group - I.Q. ranges from about 25 to about 50;
they are unable to acquire higher academic skills, but can
usually acquire the basic skills for living to a reasonable
degree;
B. Educable group - I.Q. ranges from about 50 to about 75; the
degree of success or accomplishment that they will reach in
life depends very much on the quality and type of
education they receive
C. Borderline group – (or low Normal Group) I.Q. ranges from
75 to about 89; highest group of mentally retarded; they
can usually get by in regular classes if they receive some
extra help, guidance, and consideration.
D. Custodial group
38. Which includes fondling of the adult’s genitals, intercourse,
incest, rape, sodomy, exhibitionism and sexual exploitation?
A. Sexual abuse
B. Non-touching sexual abuse - includes showing pornography
to a child, exposing a person's genitals to a child,
prostituting/trafficking a child, photographing a child in
sexual poses, encouraging a child to watch or hear sexual
acts either in person or on a video, and/or watching a child
undress or use the bathroom
C. Touching sexual abuse - includes touching a child's genitals,
making a child touch someone else's genitals, playing
sexual games, and/or putting objects or body parts inside
the vulva or vagina, in the mouth, or in the anus of a child
for sexual pleasure.
D. Sexual exploitation - Actual or attempted abuse of a
position of vulnerability, power, or trust, for sexual
purposes, including, but not limited to, profiting
monetarily, socially or politically from the sexual
exploitation of another
39. Who is the chairman of Juvenile Justice and Welfare Council
under R.A. 9344?
A. Secretary of the DSWD
B. Secretary of DOJ
C. Undersecretary of the DSWD
D. Undersecretary of the DOJ
40. Once the child who is under eighteen years of age at the time of
the commission of the offense is found guilty of the offense
charged, what will the court determine and ascertain if any?
A. The civil liability of the child
B. The court will suspend the sentence
C. The court shall impose the appropriate disposition
measures as provided in the Supreme Court Rule on
juveniles in conflict with the law
D. The court shall discharge the child in conflict with the law
in the community for appropriate diversion.
41. What is a social union or legal contact between individuals that
creates kinship?
A. Matrimony – the state of being married
B. Wedding – it is the ceremony of getting married
C. Marriage
D. Common marriage – (live-in relationship) is a relationship
between a man and a woman who live exclusively with
each other just like a husband and wife without the benefit
of marriage or when the marriage is void
42. This government office is created pursuant to RA 9344 and it
shall be and attached agency to the Department of Justice is
_____.
A. Local Council for the Protection of Children - a council
organized at the provincial, city, municipal and barangay
levels that serves as the umbrella organization for all
children’s concerns
B. Juvenile Justice and Welfare Council
C. Sangguniang Kabataan - the governing body of the youth
assembly or Katipunan ng Kabataan of every barangay
D. Barangay Council for Protection of Children - is committee
in charge of planning, implementing activities and
addressing issues pertaining to children
43. Which shall refer to any organization of individuals below 21
years of age?
A. Samahan - shall refer to the aggregate of a person working
in commercial, industrial,
B. and agricultural establishments or enterprises, whether
belonging to labor or management
C. Youth Organization – (or Youth Association)hall refer to any
club, organization or association of individuals below
twenty-one years of age which is directly or indirectly
 involved in carrying out child or youth welfare programs
and activities.
D. Civic Organization – (or Civic Association) shall refer to any
club, organization or association of individuals twenty-one
years of age or over, which is directly or indirectly involved
in carrying out child welfare programs and activities.
E. Youth Association
44. What is a document issued, either by a church or state authority,
authorizing a couple to marry?
A. Marriage certificate - a document containing the important
details of marriage, signed by the couple and by all in
attendance
B. Marriage license
C. CENOMAR - a document stating that the person whose
name appears on the document is single and free to marry
without any legal impediments
D. Marriage contract – (see the definition of marriage
certificate)
45. This cause of behavioral disorder of the youth is a result of
factors such as personal problems, ignorance, and curiosity is
_____.
A. Predisposing factor - refers to inherited propensities which
cannot be considered a criminal one unless there is a
probability that a crime will be committed
B. Biologic factor - one area that has the propensity in leading
to juvenile delinquency
C. Precipitating factor
D. Environmental factor - violent and permissive families,
unstable neighborhoods, and delinquent peer groups
46. Can the illegitimate child use the surname of his/her biological
father?
A. Yes, if they have been acknowledged by their fathers.
B. Yes, if their filiation has been expressly recognized by the
father.
C. No, the surname shall be under the parental authority of
their mother.
D. No, the surname shall be under the mother since they are
not married.
47. Which refers to a provision of planned temporary substitute
parental care to a child by a foster parent?
A. Child caring agency
B. Child placing agency
C. Foster care - refers to the provision of planned temporary
substitute parental care to a child by a foster parent or a
foster family
D. Nursery - a child-caring institution that provides care for six
or more children below six years of age for all or part of a
twenty-four-hour day, except those duly licensed to offer
primarily medical and educational services.
48. What type of neglect where the parents might not offer enough
food, clothing, shelter, supervision or protection from harm?
A. Emotional - when the children are maltreated, raped or
seduced; when children are exploited, overworked or made
to work ender conditions not conducive to good health; or
are made to beg in the streets or public places, or when
children are in mortal danger, or exposed to gambling,
prostitution and other vices.
B. Medical
C. Physical
D. Educational
49. What type of emotional abuse when a parent yells, threat and
swear over their child?
A. Ignoring – silent treatment can be a form of emotional
abuse; it is a refusal to communicate verbally with another
person
B. Terrorizing
C. Rejecting
D. Isolating
50. Which refers to the act of preparing a child or someone who the
offender believes to be a child for sexual activity or sexual
relationship by communicating any form of child pornography?
A. Luring - refers to the criminal act of an adult
communicating with someone believed to be a child via the
Internet with the intent to commit certain sexual offences
or child abduction (kidnapping).
B. Pandering - compelling a person to become a prostitute
- arranging or offering to arrange a situation in which a
person may practice prostitution
C. Grooming
D. Trafficking - the recruitment, transportation, transfer,
harboring or receipt of persons
51. What is also known as resistance or spontaneous remission?
A. Persistence
B. Aging-out
C. Withdrawal
D. Repression
52. The participation in illegal behavior by a minor who falls under a
statutory age limit is _____.
A. Delinquent Behavior - is defined as a criminal action
committed by a human confronting the laws of the civil
society
B. Juvenile Delinquent - any young person whose conduct is
characterized by antisocial behavior that is beyond parental
control and subject to legal action
C. Juvenile Delinquency
D. Deviant Behavior - behavior is characterized by actions that
do not conform to established norms; it involves behaviors
that, in some way, fail to meet the expectations of a group
or society as a whole
53. What refers to an act of staying out of school without
permission?
A. Acting out - the performance of an action considered bad
or anti-social
B. Skipping – informal term for truancy
C. Cutting class – informal term for truancy
D. Truancy
54. Which principle views youths as overseeing their own destinies
and being free to make personal behavior choices
unencumbered by environmental factors?
A. Choice theory - juvenile offenders are rational decision
makers; the decision to violate the law comes after
weighing of the benefits and cost of criminal behavior.
B. Freewill
C. Utilitarianism - holds that the most ethical choice is the one
that will produce the greatest good for the greatest
number
D. Rationality – governed by reasons
55. Which theory explains when the values of subculture clash with
those of the dominant culture?
A. Subculture theory – proponent is Albert Cohen; assumes
that crime is a consequence of the union of young people
into so-called subcultures in which deviant values and
moral concepts dominate
B. Culture conflict
C. Cultural conflict – (or Culture Deviance) they believe that
children do not really commit delinquent acts. Their
behavior may be considered deviant by the larger society
but it is compatible or acceptable in the neighborhood that
they live in
D. Social conflict theory - criminal behavior is caused by social
inequality and limited resources on Earth, resulting in a
constant struggle between the rich and the poor
56. Which deviant behavior patterns are a response to an earlier
labeling experience; youths act out these social roles even if
they are falsely bestowed?
A. Self-labeling
B. Labeling theory
(1) by Frank Tannenbaum – once children are labeled
delinquent, they become delinquent
(2) by Edwin Lemert - not all labeled delinquents
eventually become delinquents; how open they are to
such label depends on their social class
(3) by Howard Becker - believed that acquiring a label
depends on how other people react to the behavior
itself
C. Stigmatized individual
D. Self-fulfilling prophecy
57. Under this circumstance, parents physically leave their children
with the intention of completely severing the parent-child
relationship is called _____.
A. Neglect
B. Child abuse
C. Abandonment
D. Battered child
58. The theory views crime as a normal function of modern living;
offenses can be expected if there is a motivated offender and a
suitable target that is not protected by capable guardians is
_____.
A. Situational crime prevention - focuses on the settings
where crime occurs, rather than on those committing
specific criminal acts
B. Predatory crime - a type of crime that involves one person
or group preying on another for personal gain
C. Routine activity
D. Specific deterrence - the use of punishment for criminal
activity, intended to discourage a specific individual from
committing the crime again
59. This theory claimed that for a variety of genetic and
environmental reasons, some people’s brains function differently
to environmental stimuli is _____.
A. Imitation – (see the definition of Theory of Imitation)
B. Learning – (Differential Association Theory) criminal
behavior is learned, and it is learned the same way any
other behavior is learned: through interpersonal
communication and social interaction in small, intimate
groups
C. Arousal
D. Strain theory
(1) by Robert Merton - delinquency on conformity to
conventional cultural values; although most people
share common values and goals, the means for
legitimate economic and social success are satisfied by
socio- economic class
(a) Innovation – means (-), goal (+)
(b) Retreatism – means (-), goal (-)
(c) Ritualism – means (+), goal (-)
(d) Conformity – means (+), goal (+)
(e) Rebellion – means (+/-), goal (+/-)
(2) by Albert Cohen – he published Delinquent Boys in
1955 where he explains why urban lower-class boys
commit delinquency
(a) the frustration children experience because
of their low status
(b) their inability to live up to middle class standards
60. What refers to the security given for the release of the person in
custody of the law, furnished by him/her or a bondsman, to
guarantee his/her appearance before any court?
A. Bail
B. Corporate surety
C. Recognizance
D. Cash deposit
61. Which refers to a series of activities that are designed to address
issues that caused the child to commit an offense and may take
the form of an individualized treatment program which may
include counseling, skills training, education, and other activities
that will enhance his psychological, emotional, and psycho-social
well-being?
A. Diversionf
B. Intervention
C. Diversion program
D. Intervention program
62. What offenses discriminate only against a child, while an adult
does not suffer any penalty for committing similar acts?
A. Crime - crime is defined as an act committed or omitted in
violation of public law forbidding or commanding it
B. Status offense
C. Offense - s an act or omission that is punishable by special
laws
D. Delinquency - criminal behavior, especially that carried out
by a juvenile
63. Only children conceived and born outside of wedlock of parents
who, at the time of the conception of the former, were not
disqualified by any impediment to marry each other may be
________.
A. Legitimated
B. Conceived
C. Illegitimated - children conceived and born outside a valid
marriage are illegitimate, unless otherwise provided by
Family Code (Article 165 of Family Code)
D. Adopted
 General Rule: only minors may be adopted
 Exception:
(1) unless he or she is a child by nature of the
adopter or his or her spouse
(2) prior to the adoption, said the person has been
consistently considered and treated by the
adopter as his or her own child during minority
64. Police Corporal Cruz responded to the call of a concerned citizen
stating that there is a minor who allegedly stabbed another
minor. There he immediately contained the situation and
disarmed the alleged suspect. The said officer is doing what?
A. Arrest – a restraint on person, depriving one of his own will
and liberty, binding him to become obedient to the will of
the law
B. Initial arrest of the child
C. Custody
D. Initial contact with the child
65. A barangay tanod who has arrested a minor who committed a
violation of the law is considered a/an _____.
A. Police officer
B. Law enforcement officer
C. Law enforcement - he agencies and employees responsible
for enforcing laws, maintaining public order, and managing
public safety
D. Agent of persons in authority – a person who, by direct
provision of law or by election or by appointment by
competent. who comes to the aid of persons in authority,
shall be deemed as one (Article 152 of the RPC)
66. Programs provided in a community setting developed for
purposes of intervention and diversion, as well as rehabilitation
of the child in conflict with the law, for reintegration into his
family and community is _____.
A. Diversion program
B. Intervention program
C. Community-based program
D. Police community relations program - programs for
improving the relationship between police and their
communities
67. A child who is vulnerable to and at the risk of committing
criminal offenses because of personal, family, and social
circumstances is _____.
A. Child at risk
B. Youth at risk - s child who is less likely to transition
successfully into adulthood
C. Delinquent
D. Deviant
68. A child who is alleged as, accused of, or adjudged as, having
committed an offense under Philippine laws is _____.
A. Delinquent
B. Child in conflict with the law
C. Children in violation of the law
D. Deviant
69. What is the age of the child at the time of the commission of the
offense that shall be exempt from criminal liability?
A. 15 years or under
B. 15 years or below
C. 15 years
D. 15 years but below 18
70. Any person contesting the age of the child in conflict with the
law prior to the filing of the information in any appropriate court
may file a case in a summary proceeding for the determination
of age before the _____.
A. Court of Appeals - exercises appellate jurisdiction on all
cases not falling within the original and exclusive
jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
B. Family Court
C. Regional Trial Court - shall exercise exclusive original
jurisdiction in all criminal cases not within the exclusive
jurisdiction of any court, tribunal or body, except those now
falling under the exclusive and concurrent jurisdiction of
the Sandiganbayan which shall hereafter be exclusively
taken cognizance of by the latter (Section 20. Jurisdiction in
criminal cases, BP 129)
D. Sandiganbayan – anti-graft court; to function and exercise
its jurisdiction over graft and corruption practices provided
by law (Section 4, Article XI, PH Constitution)
71. Who among the following is NOT a member of the Juvenile
Justice and Welfare Council?
A. Department of Education
 B. Commission on Human Rights
C. Bureau of Corrections
D. Integrated Bar of the Philippines
72. If it has been determined that the child taken into custody is
fifteen (15) years old or below, the authority which will have
initial contact with the child has the duty to immediately _____.
A. released to the custody of the DSWD
B. released to the custody of guardians
C. released to the custody of parents – (Section 6 of RA No.
9344 amended Section 20 of RA 9344)
D. released to the barangay officials
73. Once the child who is under eighteen (18) years of age at the
time of the commission of the offense is found guilty of the
offense charged, the court shall determine and ascertain any
civil liability which may have resulted from the offense
committed. However, instead of pronouncing the judgment of
conviction, the court shall place the child in conflict with the law
under _____.
A. Automatic suspension
B. Privileged mitigating circumstance – cannot be offset by
any aggravating circumstance; e.g. minority
C. Suspended sentence
D. Automatic suspension of crime
74. Carlo’s wife died of breast cancer. A year later, Carlo marries his
deceased wife’s sister, Carla. What kind of marriage do they
have?
A. Levirate - a man is obliged to marry his deceased brother's
wife
B. Sororate
C. Adoptive
D. Endogamy – also known as in-marriage; marriage within
one's own family, clan, or cultural group
75. According to a British psychologist, John Bowlby, even a short
absence on the part of the mother could have deleterious
effects on the psychic well-being of a child. A child who is
deprived of his mother goes through three phases:
A. Protest, despair & detachment
B. Protest, frustration & attachment
C. Commitment, Despair & detachment
D. Attachment, despair & protest
81. Which is the independence of a minor from his or her parents
before reaching the age of majority?
A. Adolescent
B. Emancipation
C. Child – (or Children) refer to persons below eighteen (18)
years of age or those over but are unable to fully take care
of themselves or protect themselves from abuse, neglect,
cruelty, exploitation or discrimination because of a physical
or mental disability or condition (Section 3, RA No. 7610)
D. Youth
82. Which are acts by deeds or words that debase, degrade, or
demean the intrinsic worth and dignity of a child as a human
being?
A. Child neglect
B. Physical abuse - defined as any act which results in a non-
accidental trauma or physical injury; injuries result from
punching, beating, kicking, biting, burning or otherwise
harming a child.
C. Child abuse
D. Child trafficking - any person who shall engage in trading
and dealing with children including, but not limited to, the
act of buying and selling of a child for money, or for any
other consideration, or barter, shall suffer the penalty of
reclusion temporal to reclusion perpetua. The penalty shall
be imposed in its maximum period when the victim is
under twelve (12) years of age.
83. The age of a child in conflict with the law may be determined
from the following documents, EXCEPT:
A. Baptismal certificate - may be used to determine a child’s
age
B. Parents’ marriage contract
C. Birth certificate – may be used to determine a child’s age
D. Form 137 in DepEd
84. What is the legal relationship between two people not
biologically related, usually terminating the rights of biological
parents, and usually with a trial "live-in" period?
A. Adoption
B. Common law relationship
C. Foster parenting – (see the definition of foster care)
D. Brotherhood

76. Kirsten was conceived and born outside a valid marriage of her 85. Which are delinquents as a result of distortions in their
parents. Under Article 165 of the Philippine Family Code, she is personality and their ideas and perception of the world around
deemed to be a _____. them?
A. Legitimate child - children conceived or born during the A. Socialized delinquents
marriage of the parents B. Psychotic delinquents
B. Legitimated child C. Neurotic delinquents
C. Adopted child - has been legally taken by another family to D. Sociopathic delinquents
be taken care of as their own child
D. Illegitimate child 86. What is the duty of any head of a public or private hospital upon
any knowledge of a child who has been treated or suffered from
77. What is declared as a temporary or permanent termination of abuse?
parental rights in the best interest of the child usually for A. Report the incident to his/her immediate family
reasons of abandonment, abuse, or neglect, but also including B. Report the incident to the nearest law enforcement
mental illness, addiction, or criminal record? authority
A. Unfit Parent C. Report to the DSWD within 48 hours upon discovery of
B. Mental Disturbance abuse
C. Psychological Incapacitation D. File the case in court in behalf of the child
D. Child at risk
87. Which refers to children who, although not afflicted with
78. Shirley is made to work under conditions not conducive to good insanity or mental deflect, are unable to maintain normal social
health. What type of neglect is present in her case? relation with other and the community in general due to
A. Emotional emotional problem or complexes?
B. Torture A. Mentally ill children - those with any behavioral disorder,
C. Physical whether functional or organic, which is of such a degree of
D. Abandonment severity as to require professional help or hospitalization
B. Handicapped children – (Physically Handicapped Children)
79. The programmatic approaches or systematic social protection those who are crippled, deaf-mute, blind, or otherwise
programs for children under RA 9344 as amended have three defective which restricts their means of action or
levels, EXCEPT: communication with others.
A. Primary intervention C. Emotionally disturbed children
B. Tertiary intervention D. Disabled children - shall include mentally retarded,
C. Secondary intervention physically handicapped, emotional disturbed, and severe
D. Primary prevention mentally ill children

80. A private person taking into custody a child in conflict with the 88. The father and mother shall exercise jointly just and reasonable
law shall deliver the child to the _____. parental authority and responsibility over their legitimate or
A. nearest city jail adopted children. In case of disagreement, whose decision shall
B. nearest court prevail unless there is a judicial order to the contrary? (Article
C. nearest police station 225, Family Code)
D. nearest hospital A. Grandparents
 B. Father
C. Surviving parents
D. Mother
89. When the imposable penalty for the crime committed by the
child in conflict with the law exceeds six years imprisonment,
who will design the system of diversion?
A. Local Social Welfare and Development officer
B. Law Enforcement Officer with the assistance of the LSWD
C. Court only
D. BCPC
90. In marriage, repeated physical violence or grossly abusive
conduct directed against the petitioner, a common child, or a
child of the petitioner, and physical violence or moral pressure to
compel the petitioner to change religious or political affiliation is
a ground for _____.
A. Annulment of marriage - a legal procedure for declaring a
marriage null or void; has a retroactive effect: a nulled
marriage is considered to have not existed
 Question: What do you call a reason for annulment?
 Answer: a diriment impediment to the marriage
B. Divorce – legally dissolves a marriage (not available here in
the Philippines)
C. Legal Separation - a married couple decides to live
separately, but remains legally married
D. Child Adoption
91. This form of family happens when grandparents assume the
parental responsibility when the parents die and they act as
surrogate parents is _____.
A. Extended - this refers to a family consisting
B. of a several generations of blood relatives; consists of two
nuclear families
C. Joint family
D. Truncated
E. Nuclear family
92. Which attributes variations in delinquency to influence social
structures?
A. Biogenic approach - it explains that law violations and
delinquency is a result of some physical defects; it
advocates that youth misconduct is a direct result of faulty
biology
B. Sociogenic approach - describes the distinction and
variation and delinquency pattern to social structures;
views youthful misdeed as a result of a learning process
through interactions with other members of society
C. Psychogenic approach
D. Psychoanalytical approach
D. Rejected
97. Which refers to a duly licensed and accredited agency by the
DSWD that provides twenty-four-hour residential care services
for abandoned, orphaned, neglected or voluntarily and
committed children?
A. Child Caring Agency
B. Child Placing Agency
C. Foster Care
D. Nursery
98. What type of emotional abuse where parents or caregivers let
the child know that he/she is unwanted in a variety of ways?
A. Ignoring
B. Terrorizing
C. Rejecting
D. Isolating
99. When can we say that there is an attempt to commit child
trafficking?
A. When a child travels with his/her parents in another
country.
B. When a child travels alone to a foreign country.
C. When a doctor simulates birth certificate of the child.
D. When a doctor makes the name of the child.
100. A child born before (180) one hundred eighty days after the
solemnization of the subsequent marriage is considered to have
been conceived during the _________.
A. Former marriage - A child born after (180) one hundred
eighty days following the celebration of the subsequent
marriage is considered to have been conceived during such
marriage, even though it be born within the three hundred
days after the termination of the former marriage (Art. 168,
Family Code)
B. Last marriage
C. Subsequent marriage
D. Current marriage

93. Teachers, administrators, and babysitters who are viewed as

having some temporary parental rights & obligations are
considered _____.
A. Guardianship
B. Order of Authority
C. In Loco Parentis
D. Parens Patriae

94. Ms. May Miguel wanted to finally end her single life through
marriage with her favored boyfriend. However, in contracting
their marriage, what is the possible requirement since both of
them are still at the age of 21?
A. Parental guidance
B. Parental consent
C. Parental love
D. Parental advice - it states that any contracting party
between the age of twenty-one and twenty-five shall be
obliged to ask their parents or guardian for advice upon the
intended marriage (Article 15, Family Code)

95. Which are gangs that involved in few delinquent activities and
little drug use other than alcohol and marijuana?
A. Social
B. Serious
C. Party
D. Organized

96. Which refers to a child who has no proper parental care or

guardianship for a period of at least three (3) continuous
months?
A. Abandoned
B. Neglected
C. Separated