Chemistry

Atoms are the basic units of matter and the defining structure of elements.

Each atom consists of a nucleus and electrons that orbit the nucleus.

The nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons.

Elements are defined by the number of protons in their nucleus.

Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element that differ in neutron number.

Chemical bonds are formed by the sharing or transfer of electrons between atoms.

Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.

Ionic bonds are formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.

A molecule is a group of atoms bonded together.

The periodic table organizes elements by increasing atomic number and groups elements with

similar properties together.