Using the fact that 0< c m ≤ 1, we arrive

ϕ
m
hαK
|V mP +1 − U Pm +1|≤|V 0 −U 0|+ M (α)
∑ |V P − U P|.
p=0
Using Grönwall's inequality [68] in inequality (41), we obtain

|V mp +1 − U mp +1|≤ C 3| V 0 − U 0|, m=0 , 1 , ….

From inequalities (39) and (42), we get

|V cm +1 − U cm +1|≤ C 4|V 0 − U 0|.

Hence, the numerical scheme (21) is stable.
To prove the stability of numerical scheme (27), we followed the similar procedure as we
did in the Caputo case. From (27), we obtain

¿
Using the triangle|V
c
m +1 − U m +1
inequality | ≤the
and
c
|V mLipschitz
+1 −U m+1|condition,
+p
1−wep
α +get
1
B(α ) [ hα α
Γ (α +2) ]
We put
¿
K
B (α )
1− α +
[ haα
≤ 1+
Γ (α +2) [ ]
[ ¿K
[ K¿
]( [ ]) ]
2
κ −α h− α
κ 3= 1+ 1 −α + + 1− α+ .
R(α ) Γ (α +2) B(α ) Γ (α +2)
Therefore, inequality (45) becomes

|V cm +1 − U cm +1|≤ κ 3|V m+1

p
−U mp +1|.

|
a
μ α
|Vmpmp+1+1−−UUmpmp+1+1|=
Next, we find a bound for|V |. From +
V 0 −Uequation
0
(27)
B(α )Γ (a+2)

]
m

∑ amp ∣ ϕ (V p) − ϕ (U p)
p=0
¿