CE08-MODULE_FM5

RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY
HYDRAULICS
I. Relative Equilibrium of Liquids

- Underder certain conditio
conditions,
ns, the particles of a fluid mass may have no relative motion between each other yet the
mas itself may be in motion
A. Rectilinear Translation
1. Horizontal motion
2. Inclined Motion
=
±
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Prepared by: Engr. Cyrille F. Dela Cruz
3. Vertical Motion
= ±
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II. Rotating Vessels
Formulas
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Cases for open vessels
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Cases for closed vessel
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Example
1. An open rectangular tank mounted on a truck is 5m long, 2m wide and 2.5m high is filled with water at depth of 2m. (a)
What is the maximum horizontal acceleration can be imposed on the tank without spilling any water and (b) determine the
2
accelerating force in the liquid mass at this condition? (c) if the acceleration is increased to 6m/s , how much water will spill
out?
2 3
Ans. (a) a=1.962m/s , (b) 39.24kN, (c) 9.78m
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2. A closed rectangular tank 4m long, 2m wide, and 2m high is filled with water to a depth of 1.8m. if the allowable force at
the rear wall of the tank is 200kN, how fast can it be accelerated horizontally?
2
Ans. 13.72m/s
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2
3. A vessel containing oil is accelerated on a plane inclined 15° from the horizontal at 1.2m/s . Determine the inclination of the
oil surface when the motion is (a) upwards and (b) downwards
Ans. (a) 6.533°, (b) 6.955°
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4. A vessel 3m in diameter containing 2.4m of water is being raised (a)Find the pressure at the bottom of the vessel in kPa
2
when the velocity is constant, and (b) find the pressure at the bottom of the vesselwhen it is accelerating at 0.6m/s
upwards?
Ans. (a) 23.544kPa (b) 24.984kPa
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5. A cylindrical water tank used in lifting water to the top of a tower is 1.5m high. Of the pressure at the bottom of the tank
must not exceed 16kPa, what maximum vertical acceleration can be imposed in the cylinder when it is filled with water?
2
Ans. 0.8570.6m/s
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6. An open cylindrical vessel having a height equal to its diameter is half-filled with water and revolved about its own axis with
a constant angular speed of 120rpm. Find its minimum diameter so that there can be no liquid spilled.
Ans. 497mm in diameter
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7. An open cylindrical vessel 1.2m in diameter and 2.1m high is 2/3 full of water. Compute the amount of water in liters that
will be spilled out if the vessel is rotated about its vertical axis at a constant angular speed of 90rpm.
Ans. 130Liters
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8. An open cylindrical tank having a radius of 300mm and a height of 1.2m os full of water. How fast would it be rotated about
its own vertical axis so that atleast 25% of the water will be left on the vessel?
Ans. 218.4rpm
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9. A 1.9m diameter closed cylinder 2.75m high is filled completelywith oil having a specific gravity of 0.8 under pressure of
2
5kg/cm at the top. (a) What angular speed can be imposed on the cylinder so that the maximum pressureat the bottom of
2
the tank is 14kg/cm ? (b) Compute the pressure force exterted by oil on the side of the tank in kg.
6
Ans. (a) 466.44rpm (b) 2.28x10 kg
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10. A closed cylindrical vessel, 2m in diameter and 4m high is filled with water to a depth of 3m and rotated about its own
vertical axis at a constant angular speed. The air inside the vessel is under a pressure of 120kPa
(a) If the angular velocity is 12rad/sec, what is the pressure at the center and circumference at the bottom of the tank?
(b) What angular speed will just zero the depth of water at the center?
(c) If the angular velocity is 20rad/sec, how much area at the bottom is uncovered?
Ans.
(a) 121.66kPa at the center, 193.67kPa at the circumference
(b) 119.6rpm
(c) 0.48 sq.m
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RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY

I. Relative Equilibrium of Liquids

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