MSS SP-99-2010

Instrument
Valves

Standard Practice
Developed and Approved by the
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the
Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
127 Park Street, NE
Vienna, Virginia 22180
Phone: (703) 281-6613 www.mss-hq.org
Fax: (703) 281-6671
e-mail: info@mss-hq.org
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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-99

This MSS Standard Practice was developed under the consensus of the MSS Technical Committee 115 and the
MSS Coordinating Committee. The content of this Standard Practice is the result of the efforts of competent
and concerned volunteers to provide an effective, clear, and non-exclusive specification that will benefit the
industry as a whole. This MSS Standard Practice is intended as a basis for common practice by the
manufacturer, the user, and the general public. The existence of an MSS Standard Practice does not in itself
preclude the manufacture, sale, or use of products not conforming to the Standard Practice. Mandatory
conformance is established only by reference in a code, specification, sales contract, or public law, as
applicable.

"Unless otherwise specifically noted in this MSS Standard Practice, other standards referred to
herein are identified by the date of issue that was applicable to this Standard Practice at the
date of issue of this Standard Practice. See Annex A. This Standard Practice shall remain
silent on the applicability of those other standards of prior or subsequent dates of issue even
though applicable provisions may not have changed. References contained herein which are
bibliographic in nature are noted as ‘supplemental’ in the text.”
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Substantive changes in this 2010 edition are “flagged” by parallel bars as shown on
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the margins of this paragraph. The specific detail of the change may be determined
by comparing the material flagged with that in the previous edition.

Any part of this Standard Practice may be quoted. Credit lines should read `Extracted from MSS SP-99-
2010 with permission of the publisher, Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valves and Fittings
Industry, Inc.'. Reproduction is prohibited under copyright convention unless written permission is
granted by Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry Inc.

Originally Approved: July 1987

Originally Published: October 1987
Current Edition Approved: May 2010
Current Edition Published: September 2010

Copyright ©, 1987, 1989, 1994, 2010 by

Manufacturers Standardization Society
of the
Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
Printed in U.S.A.

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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-99

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION PAGE

1 SCOPE............................................................................................................................................... 1
2 DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................................................. 1
3 MATERIALS .................................................................................................................................... 1
4 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................................. 3
5 QUALIFICATION TESTS ............................................................................................................... 5
6 ACCEPTANCE TESTING ............................................................................................................... 6
7 MARKING ........................................................................................................................................ 6

TABLE
1 Applicable Material Specifications .................................................................................................... 2

FIGURE
1 Direct Mounted Instrument Manifold Gasket Groove and Flange Details ........................................ 4

ANNEX
A Referenced Standards and Applicable Dates ..................................................................................... 8

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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE
INSTRUMENT VALVES
1. SCOPE
1.1 This Standard Practice applies to small
valves and manifold valves developed for
and predominantly used in instrument,
control and sampling piping systems. It
covers steel and alloy valves of nominal pipe
size (NPS) 1 and smaller, and pressure
ratings of 15,000 psi and lower at 100°F.
1.2 This Standard Practice applies to
instrument valve designs including, but not
limited to, needle valves, packless valves,
ball valves, plug valves, check valves and
manifold valves. Instrument valves are
generally of proprietary design; this Standard
Practice is not intended to define or limit
designs, construction, performance, envelope
dimensions, or valve types.
1.3 The application of valve type, size,
rating, materials of construction, and
suitability for the service is the responsibility
of the purchaser and is outside the scope of
this Standard Practice.
1.4 The manufacturer shall provide
pressure ratings for temperatures above
100°F. This temperature is the temperature of
the pressure-containing shell of the
component. In general, this temperature is the
same as that of the contained fluid. Use of a
pressure rating corresponding to a
temperature other than that of the contained
fluid is the responsibility of the user, subject
to the requirements of applicable codes and
regulations.
2. DEFINITIONS
2.1 General Definitions given in MSS
SP-96 apply to this Standard Practice.
2.2 Instrument Valves Valves designed for
use in instrument, control, and sampling
piping systems, (e.g., see ASME B31.1,
Article 122.3).
2.3 Instrument Piping Piping used to
connect instruments to main piping or other
instruments.
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SP-99
2.4 Control Piping Piping used to
interconnect pneumatically or hydraulically
operated control apparatuses, or to signal
control systems.
2.5 Sampling Piping Piping used for the
collection of samples (such as steam, water,
oil, gas, and chemicals) from process systems.
2.6 Manifold Valve Two or more
instrument valves fabricated into a single
valve body.
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2.7 Cold Working Pressure Rating The
maximum allowable working pressure of a
valve at ambient conditions (-20°F to 100F),
abbreviated CWP.
2.8 Pressure Boundary Parts The following
items are defined to be pressure boundary
parts. Each item may not apply to all valve
designs.
a) Body
b) Bonnet
c) Union Nut
d) Body to Bonnet Bolting
e) Body Bolting
2.9 Packless Valve A valve with a diaphragm
or bellows stem seal instead of a packing or O-
ring seal at the stem.
3. MATERIALS
3.1 General The pressure boundary parts of
the valve shall be made of the materials
specified herein.
3.2 Non-pressure boundary parts (such as
the stem, glands, packing nut) shall be made
of materials compatible with the pressure
boundary parts materials. For compression
packing systems, see MSS SP-132.
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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-99

3.3 The following materials are acceptable 3.4.2 The manufacturer may specify
for use as pressure boundary parts. minimum properties which are higher than
those required by the ASME B16.34
a) Materials listed in ASME B16.34 specification or specifications listed in Table 1.
b) Materials listed in Table 1
3.4.3 The maximum service temperature of
3.4 Material certifications shall be obtained leaded or resulfurized steels shall be as
for pressure boundary parts materials. specified in the material specification or
Certifications shall include chemical analysis piping code, or 500F, whichever is less.
and mechanical properties.
3.4.1 The manufacturer shall specify
minimum mechanical properties for materials
ordered to specifications which do not
include mechanical properties.

TABLE 1
Applicable Material Specifications

ASTM GRADE
MATERIAL FORM
SPECIFICATION OR TYPE

Carbon Steel Bars and Shapes A108

A576 0.08 to 0.50
Note (a) Carbon
A108
Forgings Note (c)

303
Forging Bars A314 304, 304L
Austenitic 316, 316L
Stainless Steel
A581
303
Note (b) A582
Bars and Shapes A276 304, 304L
A580 316, 316 L
GENERAL NOTE: U.S. customary units in this Standard Practice are the standard and should be utilized for any
referenced standards that relate to conformity with this Standard Practice.
NOTES:
(a) Leaded or resulfurized grades shall not be used where welding is required.
(b) Type 303 shall not be used where welding is required.
(c) Forgings may be produced from ASTM A108, a recognized bar material.

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 MSS
4. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
4.1 Valves designed in accordance with this
Standard Practice shall have cold working
pressure ratings established by hydrostatic
proof and burst qualification tests, as specified
in Section 5.
4.1.1 Hydrostatic qualification tests shall be
conducted on each design and size of valve to
establish the CWP rating.
4.1.2 The CWP rating of valves of identical
design and size but made of different
materials shall be proportional to the
allowable stress of each material or may be
determined by hydrostatic qualification tests
on valves made of each material, at the
manufacturer’s option.
4.1.3 The CWP rating of valves of identical
design and size but with different end
connections shall be determined by the rating
of the valve or the end connection, whichever
is less.
4.1.4 The CWP rating of a valve design
may be established by the manufacturer at a
value lower than the rating allowed by the
qualification tests of Section 5. In that case
the lower pressure rating may be established
for a valve design and size, regardless of
materials or end connections. Such reduced
ratings are usually dictated by performance
limitations such as operating torque, cycle
life, or non-metallic component limitations.
4.1.5 Packing nut adjustment may be
necessary to compensate for temperature
change.
4.2 End Connections
4.2.1 Pipe Threads Tapered pipe threads
shall be in accordance with one of the
following:
a) ASME Bl.20.1
b) ASME B1.20.3
c) CGA V-l
4.2.2 Pipe Socket Weld Connections The
socket bore diameter and depth of socket shall
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STANDARD PRACTICE SP-99
be in accordance with the dimensions and
tolerances of ASME B16.11.
4.2.3 Tube socket weld dimensions shall be in
accordance with the manufacturer’s standard.
4.2.4 Butt weld connections for pipe shall
have an end preparation in accordance
with ASME B16.25.
4.2.5 Butt weld connections for tube shall
be in accordance with the manufacturer’s
standard.
4.2.6 Pipe or tube stub extension end
connections may be socket welded or butt
welded to the valve. The diameter and wall
thickness shall be the manufacturer’s
standard. The standard stub extension
lengths are 3” or 6”, measured from the end
of the valve.
4.2.7 Mechanical tube fittings shall be in
accordance with the manufacturer’s design.
Fittings may be machined integral with,
welded to, or threaded to the valve body.
4.2.8 Weld qualifications for end
connections welded to the valve body shall
be in accordance with ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX.
4.2.9 Other end connections not listed
herein may be provided as agreed upon by
the manufacturer and purchaser.
4.3 Direct Mounted Instrument Manifold
Gasket Groove and Flange Details The
standard groove for gaskets and minimum
flange or plate thickness shall be per Figure 1.
Other groove dimensions shall be considered
special.
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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-99

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GENERAL NOTE: Dimensions are in inches.

FIGURE 1

Direct Mounted Instrument Manifold Gasket Groove and Flange Details

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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE
5. QUALIFICATION TESTS
5.1 General Valve designs shall be qualified
by hydrostatic proof and burst tests.
5.2 Documentation Hydrostatic tests shall
be conducted in accordance with the
manufacturer’s written procedure. Copies of
the test procedure and test reports shall be kept
on file by the manufacturer.
5.3 Test Valves Hydrostatic tests conducted
on pre-production prototypes shall be
confirmed by tests on at least three production
valves. The CWP shall be based on the lowest
test pressure result of the three valves tested.
5.4 Material Properties The actual tensile
and yield strength of the pressure boundary
parts of the test specimens shall be obtained
from heat traceable material certifications or
by submitting sample material from the same
lot to testing in accordance with the
procedures of ASME Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Code, Section VIII, Article UG-101 (J).
5.5 Proof Test Procedure
5.5.1 Each test valve shall pass a
hydrostatic shell proof test in accordance
with the following minimum requirements:
a) Fluid: Water or hydraulic oil
b) Temperature: 50°F to 125°F
c) Pressure: Two times the CWP rating
d) Time: One minute, minimum, at proof
pressure
e) Position: Placed in all positions
capable of subjecting pressure
boundary components to internal
pressure
5.5.2 There shall be no visible leakage
during the proof test at, any pressure
containing part, joint, or seal.
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5.5.3 The stem packing may be adjusted
during the proof test to stop leakage. No
other adjustments are permitted on any other
pressure boundary joints or seals.
5.6 Burst Test Procedure
5.6.1 Each test valve shall be
hydrostatically shell tested to failure by
rupture. The hydrostatic pressure at which
rupture occurs shall be recorded. The same
valves used for the proof test shall be used
for the burst test.
5.6.2 Leakage is permitted at the valve
packing, gaskets, and pressure retaining
joints during the burst test, at pressures above
the proof pressure.
5.6.3 If the hydrostatic test is stopped
before rupture occurs, the highest sustained
pressure attained shall be considered the burst
pressure for that valve.
5.7 Pressure Rating Determination The
CWP rating shall be less than or equal to the
pressure determined from the burst pressure as
follows:
P  0.25 B Tm/Ta
Where:
P = CWP Rating
B = The lowest burst test pressure
recorded for three specimens tested
Ta = Actual tensile strength of the test
specimen
Tm = Specified minimum tensile strength
of the material
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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-99

6. ACCEPTANCE TESTING 7. MARKING

Each production valve shall pass a seat 7.1 Each valve shall be marked in
leakage test and a shell test. accordance with MSS SP-25 with at least the
following:
6.1 The standard test methods shall be the
liquid or gas test methods described herein. a) Manufacturer’s identification
Either method may be used.
b) Flow direction (if applicable)
6.1.1 Liquid tests shall meet the following c) Manufacturer’s model number
minimum requirements:
d) Material grade (unless coded in
a) Fluid: Water or other liquid of similar model number)
or lower viscosity
7.2 Additional markings may be applied
b) Pressure: 1.1 times the CWP Rating in accordance with MSS SP-25.
minimum for seat tests; 1.5 times the
CWP Rating minimum for shell tests
c) Temperature: 50°F to 125°F
d) Time: 15 seconds
e) Acceptance Criteria: No visible

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leakage
6.1.2 Gas tests shall meet the following
minimum requirements:
a) Gas: Air, nitrogen, or other gas of
similar or lower viscosity
b) Pressure: 80 psi, minimum, for both
shell and seat tests
c) Time: 15 seconds
d) Acceptance Criteria: No visible
leakage when immersed in water or
coated with a leak detection solution
6.2 Alternative Test Methods: Other
leakage test methods may be used provided
that the manufacturer demonstrates they are
equal in sensitivity to the standard liquid or
gas tests specified herein.
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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-99

ANNEX A

Referenced Standards and Applicable Dates

This Annex is an integral part of this Standard Practice and is placed after the main text for convenience.

Standard Name Description

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ASME; ANSI/ASME
B1.20.1-1983 (R2006) Pipe Threads, General Purpose, Inch
B1.20.3-1976 (R2008) Dryseal Pipe Threads, Inch
B16.11-2009 Forged Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded
B16.25-2007 Buttwelding Ends
B16.34-2009 Valves Flanged, Threaded and Welding End
B31.1-2007 Power Piping
BPVC-VIII, Div.1-2007 Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1, Rules for
Construction of Pressure Vessels
BPVC-IX-2007 Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, Welding and Brazing
Qualifications

ASTM Standard Specification for:

A108-07 Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-Finished
A276-08a Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
A314-08 Stainless Steel Billets and Bars for Forging
A576-90b(2006) Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality
A580/A580M-08 Stainless Steel Wire
A581/A581M-95b(2009) Free-Machining Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods
A582/A582M-05 Free-Machining Stainless Steel Bars

CGA
CGA V-1-2005 Standard for Compressed Gas Cylinder Valve Outlet and Inlet Connections;
includes AMD 1

MSS
MSS-SP-25-2008 Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings, Flanges and Unions
MSS-SP-96-2001 (R 2005) Guidelines on Terminology for Valves and Fittings
MSS SP-132-2010 Compression Packing Systems for Instrument Valves

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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-99

ANNEX A (Continued)

Referenced Standards and Applicable Dates

This Annex is an integral part of this Standard Practice and is placed after the main text for convenience.

Publications of the following organizations appear on the previous page:

ANSI American National Standards Institute, Inc.

25 West 42nd Street, Fourth Floor
New York, NY 10036-7406

ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Three Park Avenue
New York, NY 10016-5990

ASTM ASTM International

100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700
West Conshocken, PA 19428-2959

CGA Compressed Gas Association

4221 Walney Road, Fifth Floor
Chantilly, VA 20151-2923

MSS Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
127 Park Street, N.E.
Vienna, VA 22180-4602
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 Listing of MSS Standard Practices
TITLE
SP-6-2007 Standard Finishes for Contact Faces of Pipe Flanges and Connecting-End Flanges of Valves and Fittings
SP-9-2008 Spot Facing for Bronze, Iron and Steel Flanges
SP-25-2008 Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings, Flanges, and Unions
SP-42-2009 Corrosion Resistant Gate, Globe, Angle and Check Valves with Flanged and Butt Weld Ends (Classes 150, 300 & 600)
SP-43-2008 Wrought and Fabricated Butt-Welding Fittings for Low Pressure, Corrosion Resistant Applications (Incl. 2010 Errata Sheet)
SP-44-2010 Steel Pipeline Flanges
SP-45-2003 (R 2008) Bypass and Drain Connections
SP-51-2007 Class 150LW Corrosion Resistant Flanges and Cast Flanged Fittings
SP-53-1999 (R 2007) Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves, Flanges, and Fittings and Other Piping Components - Magnetic Particle
Examination Method
SP-54-1999 (R 2007) Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves, Flanges, and Fittings and Other Piping Components - Radiographic
Examination Method
SP-55-2006 Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components - Visual Method for Evaluation of
Surface Irregularities
SP-58-2009 Pipe Hangers and Supports - Materials, Design, Manufacture, Selection, Application, and Installation (incorporates content of SP-69, 77*, 89*, and 90*)
SP-60-2004 Connecting Flange Joint Between Tapping Sleeves and Tapping Valves
SP-61-2009 Pressure Testing of Valves
SP-65-2008 High Pressure Chemical Industry Flanges and Threaded Stubs for Use with Lens Gaskets
SP-67-2002a Butterfly Valves
SP-68-1997 (R 2004) High Pressure Butterfly Valves with Offset Design
SP-69-2003 Pipe Hangers and Supports - Selection and Application (ANSI-approved American National Standard)
SP-70-2006 Gray Iron Gate Valves Flanged and Threaded Ends
SP-71-2005 Gray Iron Swing Check Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends
SP-72-2010 Ball Valves with Flanged or Butt-Welding Ends for General Service
SP-75-2008 Specification for High-Test, Wrought, Butt-Welding Fittings
SP-78-2005a Gray Iron Plug Valves Flanged and Threaded Ends
SP-79-2009 Socket Welding Reducer Inserts
SP-80-2008 Bronze Gate, Globe, Angle, and Check Valves
SP-81-2006a Stainless Steel, Bonnetless, Flanged Knife Gate Valves
SP-83-2006 Class 3000 Steel Pipe Unions Socket Welding and Threaded
SP-85-2010 Gray Iron Globe & Angle Valves Flanged and Threaded Ends
SP-86-2009 Guidelines for Metric Data in Standards for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Actuators
SP-88-2010 Diaphragm Valves
SP-91-2009 Guidelines for Manual Operation of Valves
SP-92-1999 MSS Valve User Guide
SP-93-2008 Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components - Liquid Penetrant
Examination Method
SP-94-2008 Quality Standard for Ferritic and Martensitic Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components - Ultrasonic
Examination Method
SP-95-2006 Swage(d) Nipples and Bull Plugs
SP-96-2001 (R 2005) Guidelines on Terminology for Valves and Fittings
SP-97-2006 Integrally Reinforced Forged Branch Outlet Fittings - Socket Welding, Threaded, and Buttwelding Ends
SP-98-2001 (R 2005) Protective Coatings for the Interior of Valves, Hydrants, and Fittings
SP-99-2010 Instrument Valves
SP-100-2009 Qualification Requirements for Elastomer Diaphragms for Nuclear Service Diaphragm Valves
SP-101-1989 (R 2001) Part-Turn Valve Actuator Attachment - Flange and Driving Component Dimensions and Performance Characteristics
SP-102-1989 (R 2001) Multi-Turn Valve Actuator Attachment - Flange and Driving Component Dimensions and Performance Characteristics
SP-104-2003 Wrought Copper Solder Joint Pressure Fittings
SP-105-2010 Instrument Valves for Code Applications
SP-106-2003 Cast Copper Alloy Flanges and Flanged Fittings Class 125, 150 and 300
SP-108-2002 Resilient-Seated Cast-Iron Eccentric Plug Valves
SP-109-1997 (R 2006) Welded Fabricated Copper Solder Joint Pressure Fittings
SP-110-2010 Ball Valves Threaded, Socket-Welding, Solder Joint, Grooved and Flared Ends
SP-111-2001 (R 2005) Gray-Iron and Ductile-Iron Tapping Sleeves

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SP-112-1999 (R 2004) Quality Standard for Evaluation of Cast Surface Finishes - Visual and Tactile Method. This SP must be used with a 10-surface,
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three dimensional Cast Surface Comparator, which is a necessary part of the standard. Additional Comparators available separately.
SP-113-2001 (R 2007) Connecting Joint between Tapping Machines and Tapping Valves
SP-114-2007 Corrosion Resistant Pipe Fittings Threaded and Socket Welding Class 150 and 1000
SP-115-2010 Excess Flow Valves, 1 1/4 NPS and Smaller, for Fuel Gas Service
SP-116-2003 Service-Line Valves and Fittings for Drinking Water Systems
SP-117-2006 Bellows Seals for Globe and Gate Valves
SP-118-2007 Compact Steel Globe & Check Valves - Flanged, Flangeless, Threaded & Welding Ends (Chemical & Petroleum Refinery Service)
SP-119-2010 Factory-Made Wrought Belled End Pipe Fittings for Socket-Welding
SP-120-2006 Flexible Graphite Packing System for Rising Stem Steel Valves - Design Requirements
SP-121-2006 Qualification Testing Methods for Stem Packing for Rising Stem Steel Valves
SP-122-2005 Plastic Industrial Ball Valves
SP-123-1998 (R 2006) Non-Ferrous Threaded and Solder-Joint Unions for Use with Copper Water Tube
SP-124-2001 Fabricated Tapping Sleeves
SP-125-2010 Gray Iron and Ductile Iron In-Line, Spring-Loaded, Center-Guided Check Valves
SP-126-2007 Steel In-Line Spring-Assisted Center Guided Check Valves
SP-127-2001 Bracing for Piping Systems Seismic-Wind-Dynamic Design, Selection, Application
SP-128-2006 Ductile Iron Gate Valves
SP-129-2003 (R 2007) Copper-Nickel Socket-Welding Fittings and Unions
SP-130-2003 Bellows Seals for Instrument Valves
SP-131-2010 Metallic Manually Operated Gas Distribution Valves
SP-132-2010 Compression Packing Systems for Instrument Valves
SP-133-2010 Excess Flow Valves for Low Pressure Fuel Gas Appliances
SP-134-2010 Valves for Cryogenic Service Including Requirements for Body/Bonnet Extensions
SP-135-2010 High Pressure Knife Gate Valves
SP-136-2007 Ductile Iron Swing Check Valves
SP-137-2007 Quality Standard for Positive Material Identification of Metal Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components
SP-138-2009 Quality Standard Practice for Oxygen Cleaning of Valves & Fittings
SP-139-2010 Copper Alloy Gate, Globe, Angle, and Check Valves for Low Pressure/Low Temperature Plumbing Applications
(R YEAR) Indicates year standard reaffirmed without substantive changes  Price List Available Upon Request
* SP-77, 89, and 90 have been withdrawn effective 8/23/2010; however, the contents of these SPs are now part of newly revised SP-58-2009.
MSS is an ANSI-accredited American National Standards developer. A number of former MSS Standard Practices have been adopted and published by other developers
as American National Standards. In order to maintain a single source of authoritative information, MSS has withdrawn its Standard Practices in such cases.

Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.

127 Park Street, N.E., Vienna, VA 22180-4620 • (703) 281-6613 • Fax # (703) 281-6671
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