CONTENTS

General Science
1. Plant Life – I 9 – 16

2. Pant Life – II 17 – 25

3. Animal Life – I 26 – 33

4. Animal Life – II 34 – 41

5. Food & Digestion, Health & Hygiene 42 – 50

6. Teeth & Microbes 51 – 57

7. Safety & First Aid 58 – 62

8. Our Clothes 63 – 68

9. Air, Water & Weather 69 – 74

10. Our Universe 75 – 80

11. Matter 81 – 86

12. Force, Work & Energy 87 – 92

Questions@stimulating-minds 93 – 95

Model Test Paper 96 – 98

Explanatory Answers 99 – 111

Crossword Solutions 112

CHAPTER Plant Life - I
1 (Adaptations in Plants)

Synopsis
Tit Bits
The process of adjusting to different types of Envi-

ronment is called adaptation.

The regions in which a living organism lives And

dwells is called its habitat.

The different conditions like type of soil,Availability of

water, temperature of the place,amount of rain and The bull’s horn, acacia tree not only has

availability of light. Spines to protect it from grazing animals,

Plants of plains have lots of branches and but also has swarming ants on it. The ants

leaves.These can bear heat in the summer. In live in spines and feed on sugar produced

temperate countries trees shed their leaves in by the tree. Any animal which disturbs

autumn. This helps them to survive the severe cold the ants are vigorously attacked and

in winter. cannot feed on the tree.

e.g., Maple tree and Oak tree.

The plants of hilly areas are tall andstraight with needle shaped leaves. These trees Bear cones

instead of flowers.

e.g., Pine, cedar, spruce, etc.

Plants growing in hot and damp places have large number of leaves. They remain Evergreen and

do not shed their leaves.

e.g., Pepper, mango, coconut, neem etc.

Plants growing in deserts have leaves in the form of spines. These plants synthesise food and store

water in their fleshy stem.

e.g., Cactus

Plants which grow in marshy areas include mangroves. Since the roots are alway Underwater, there

is not enough air for the roots. Breathing roots which grow above the ground help them to take in

air.

1. Plant Life – 1 (Adaptations in Plants)

Plants which grow in water are called aquatic plants. They can be divided into

(a) Floating plants

(b) Fixed Plants

(c) Submerged or underwater plants.

Floating plants are small or light with spongy or swollen parts float freely in Water.

e.g., Duckweed, water hyacinth, etc.

Fixed plants remain fixed to the bottom of the pond. These have long hollow stem And broad

leaves.

e.g., Lotus, water lily, etc.

Submerged plants have narrow leaves with no pores. They breathe through their body surface.

e.g., Vallisnaria, hydrilla.

Some plants like pitcher plants venus fly trap feed on trapped insects. They are called

insectivorous plants.

Cereals like rice, wheat, sugar and bamboo belong to the grass family.