The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), also known as One Belt, One Road (OBOR), is a global development

strategy launched by China in 2013. It aims to enhance regional connectivity and cooperation between
China and countries in Asia, Europe, and Africa through infrastructure development, trade, and
investment. The initiative comprises two main components:

1. **Silk Road Economic Belt**: Land-based economic corridors connecting China with Central Asia,
Russia, and Europe via overland routes.

2. **Maritime Silk Road**: Sea routes connecting China with Southeast Asia, South Asia, Africa, and
Europe through the South China Sea, Indian Ocean, and the Mediterranean Sea.

Key objectives of the BRI include promoting economic growth, improving infrastructure networks,
enhancing trade and investment, and fostering cultural and academic exchanges. The initiative has
sparked significant global interest and participation, although it has also faced criticism and scrutiny over
issues such as debt sustainability, transparency, environmental impact, and geopolitical implications.
Despite challenges, BRI projects continue to reshape global economic and geopolitical landscapes,
reflecting China's ambitions as a major global player in the 21st century.