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FinalReport Submission Arpit Agarwal1
FinalReport Submission Arpit Agarwal1
ARPIT AGARWAL
MBA (2022-2024)
SVKM’s NMIMS
Deemed to be UNIVERSITY
Bengaluru Campus
1
PREFACE
The title of the project “Financial Analysis and forecasting for Jio” was allotted to me by the
company for the period of internship.
In JIO I am working as a financial analyst and responsible for doing variance analysis ofproject
finance, operations & maintenance, business finance and business planning.
In project finance I am responsible for doing analysis on how to make the row (right of way)and
invoice processing more easier and able to find out the loop holes so that it can have a great impact
on the cost part as well.
My another role is to adopt different analysis techniques so that a proper and more enhanced
process can be developed to reduce the errors while working with huge vendordata list.
Another role is involved related to business finance where I learned how to Onboard different
enterprises which are categorised as ED (enterprise distribution), ARD ( activation and recharge
distribution) and many more. In this my work is to analyse that how onboarding process can be
made easier and hassle free for both vendor as well as for the JIOby working on the loopholes.
As working as a analyst it is important to help JIO with my ideas and analysis and provide amethod
where my analysis will save some cost related to anything like cost of tower installation which
includes rent, electricity bill and fuel. And to find out that which type of tower cost effective along
with maximum range such as RTT( roof top tower), GBM(groundbased monopoly tower).
Gurgaon
2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like toexpress gratitude towards Mr. Niteshwar Singh who helpedme through
every step and providing me with valuable insights about Financial Ananlysis and
Forecasting For Jio.
I would like to express gratitude towards Relationship Managers; Mr. Ankit Agarwal,
, Mr. Achal Modi, Mr. Manish Gupta and Mr. Amol Parekh for their constant support
and valuable insights throughout the internship tenure.
Lastly I would like to thank all the members with who have provided mewith their
valuable time and provide me with valuable insights and helpedme throughout the
internship.
GURGAON
3
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The title of the project “Financial Analysis and forecasting for Jio” was allotted to me by the
company for the period of internship.
The report is divided into various different topics and it gives the understanding ofwhat is
the working capital and why is it required by the companies.
In project finance I am responsible for doing analysis on how to make the row (right of way)and
invoice processing more easier and able to find out the loop holes so that it can have a great
impact on the cost part as well.
Another role is involved related to business finance where I learned how to Onboard different
enterprises which are categorised as ED (enterprise distribution), ARD (activation and recharge
distribution) and many more. In this my work is to analyse that how onboarding process can be
made easier and hassle free for both vendor as well as for the JIOby working on the loopholes.
With the help of making this table in the excel we use mix to know that what percentage can we
take of UG and what percentage can we take of Aerial.
So let us assume that there are 1000 FSAs of 10km. So the total area will be of 10,000km.
Now out of 10,000 km if we are doing 70% using UG and 30% using AERIAL.
Now in order to make it less expensive we have to do cost optimization. In order to do this it is
important to revise the percentages of the mix to make it cost effective and my work is to do that
only.
With the help of the finance department and my mentor using permutation and combination means
by taking different percentages of the mix in order to find out that how can we come to the
minimum cost but after finalizing the final percentages it needs to approved by the project
department and row team.
GURGAON
4
TABLE OF CONTENT
PREFACE .................................................................................................................................ii
BIBLIOGRAPHY.......................................................................................................................... 35
5
CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION
JIO
Telecom industry
Wireless communications
Communications equipment
Processing systems and products
Long-distance carriers
Domestic telecom services
Foreign telecom services
Diversified communication services
2G 3G 4G 5G
6
o Global and
scalable
mobile
networks.
o Ad hoc and
multi-hop
networks.
NETWORK
5G 10 Gbps 400 Mbps
4G 1 Gbps 50 Mbps
3G 2 Mbps 3 Mbps
7
1.1 INDIAN TELECOM AUTHORITIES
8
Telecom Regulatory Authority
Standing Advisory Committee of India (TRAI)
on Frequency Application
TRAI is an autonomous statutory
(SAFCA)
body with the sole authority to take
SAFCA, another wing of the DoT
binding decisions on the fixation of
grants approval for radio frequency
tariffs for the provision of
used by telecom service providers. In
telecommunications services. TRAI’s
addition to a telecom license, an
recommendations must be considered
operator requires a NOC from
by the DoT before licensing telecom
SAFCA to commence their service.
services.
FIXED DATA OR
VOICE SERVICE
WIRELESS
SERVICES
9
GUIDELINE FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF TOWER
The antenna rule As per DoT guidelines,
SPECTRUM INFO
The 700 MHz band is being adopted as a prime coverage band for deployment of LTE/5G
technology.
Spectrum in 800 MHz band , 900 MHz band and 1800 MHz band ,was primarily being used
for providing voice service (2G service) in India. Now these bands are predominantly being
used to deliver high speed data services using LTE.
2100 MHz spectrum band (3GPP band B1) was opened up in India for deploying 3G
networks.
The telco had to spend INR 3.02 Cr per MHz, which was the second-highest cost of
acquisition of spectrum during the auction.
Reliance Jio (INR 88,078 Cr) was the biggest spender at the spectrum auction,
The Akash Ambani-led telco bought the rights to use 24,740 MHz of spectrum for 20
years.
followed by Bharti Airtel (INR 43,084 Cr)
and Vodafone Idea (INR 18,799 Cr)
10
Jio was the only telco that bought the premium 700 MHz spectrum band, taking the telco’s
cost for acquisition of spectrum to INR 3.56 Cr per MHz.
The five most expensive circles were Delhi, Mumbai, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Andhra
Pradesh related to spectrum.
CUSTOMER BASE
JIO 37.28%
AIRTEL 32.27%
VODAFONE 20.99%
BSNL 9.21%
MTNL 0.24%
11
SHARE PRICE
JIO 2331.45
AIRTEL 761.15
VODAFONE 6.15
BSNL -
MTNL 18.65
12
CHAPTER 2 – ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
NHQ
SALES &
FINANCE OPERATIONS R&D
MARKETING
CFO (Mr.
RAJNISH JAIN)
MR. RKM
13
CIRCLES D
CIRCLE (DELHI)
BPA (BUSINESS
BUSINESS FINANCE PROJECT FINANCE OPERATIONS OTHERS
PLANNING &
ANALYSIS)
JC JC JC TILL
JC JC JC
1 4 5 JC
2 3 6
34
EACH JIO CENTRE IS MANAGED BY A FC&A AND IS RESPONSIBLE TO SENT REPORT TO EACH OF
THE DEPARMENT MENTIONED ABOVE.
ALL THE RESPECTIVE JCs WILL SET UP SMALL UNITS IN THE VILLAGES WHICH WILLL CONSIST OF
2-3 PEOPLE TO HAVE A WIDER REACH AND ABLE TO CONNECT WITH MORE PEOPLE AND
RESOLVE THEIR QUERY AND PROVIDING SERVICES.
EACH JIO CENTRE CONSIST OF AROUND 150 PEOPLE WHICH IS HEADED BY FC&A.
THE AIM OF JIO CENTRE IS TO COVER ALL THE AREAS OF DELHI BY SETTING WITHIN EVERY 3-5
KILOMETERS.
14
CHAPTER – 3
BUSINESS PLANNING
PHASES OF PLANNING
BUSINESS BUSINESS
BUSINESS OPERATIONS ANALYTICS REPORTING
PLANNING SETUP
TOP MANAGEMENT
PROJECT FINANCE
TOWER INSTALLATION
VENDOR FINALISATION
15
MATERIAL SERVICE
BOQ SOQ
PROJECT FINANCE
16
CHAPTER 4
COMPANY APPROACH
FCA AUTHORITY
VALIDATE
POLICY
RATE
DM(DEMAND
SURVEY
SCOPE NOTE)
SYSTEM PROCESSES
K2 UPLOAD
17
ALL THE THINGS ARE RECORDED IN SAP LIKE PAYMENT
THE REGIONAL ROW TEAM TO PROCESS THE CHECKLIST FOR THE CENTRAL ROW TEAM TO VALIDATE
AND APPROVE.
CENTRAL ROW TEAM TO SEND THE CHECKLIST TO FC&A TEAM ALONG WITH THE DN FOR PAYMENT
VALIDATION AND PROCESSING.
DN NO. DN LENGTH OF DN
DATE RATE IN DN
ROUTE FROM TO OTHER CHARGES
START FROM ILA TO ILA ESTIMATE TOTAL CHARGES
AUTHORITY NAME DEVIATION ( CLEAR/LOW/HIGH)
18
6 LATEST CIRCULAR FROM AUTHORITY
FOR DN RATES VALIDATION/ DN FOR
OTHER OPERATOR ISSUED BY SAME
AUTHORITY
8 DD / BG IN FAVOUR OF AUTHORITY
19
22 CONFIRM WHETHER WE HAVE TO PAY
ROW CHARGES TO ANY OTHER
AUTHORITY OTHER THAN THE DN
OBTAINED ( FOREST / RAILWAY/ GAIL
COULD BE THE EXEMPTION)
JUSTIFICATION FOR DN DEVIATION/ OTHER
REMARKS
COMPLETED BY
REVIEWED BY
CHAPTER - 5
1. GREEN
2. ORANGE
3. RED
ANY DEMAND NOTE WHICH IS ISSUED ONLY FOR HDD AS PER THE STANDARD PARAMETERS WILL BE
CLASSIFIED AS GREEN CHANNEL CASE.
CRITERIA
20
7. DN WITH NO REGULATORY AND ADD ON COMMERCIAL IMPLICATION
8. DN WHICH HAS NO OVERLAP WITH ANY AUTHORITY (FOREST, RAILWAY, PIPELINE BEING AN
EXEMPTION.
EVERY APPLICATION FOR SEEKING ROAD CUT PERMISSION, SHALL BE ACCOMPANIED THE
ADMINISTRATIVE FEES @RS. 1000 PER KM FOR EXAMINATION OF THE APPLICATION.
21
PIA – PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION AGENCY
CHAPTER - 6
BILLING E –CARE
CANCELLED CHEQUE TO BE ATTACHED FOR ALL THE SD REFUND CASES WHEREIN THE BANK DETAILS
ARE CAPTURED.
OC – OPERATIONAL COMPLAINT
SD – SEC. DEPOSIT
P-92
CHAPTER - 7
22
PROJECT (INVOICE)
MANAGEMENT
PLANNING TEAM1
REJECT ACCEPT
CAPEX (CAPITAL
EXPENDITURE)
REJECT
FOR APPROVAL
L1 L2 L3
ACCEPT
VENDOR INVOICE
GENERATION
VENDOR SLECTION
BY PNC
HOTO (HANDOVER (PROCUREMENT
TAKEOVER) AND
23
HANDOVER TO
COMPANY WORK EXECUTED BY WORK ORDER ISSUANCE
VENDOR TO VENDORS
OFFER
TENDER
VALIDATE/ APPROVAL
BANKING TEAM
L2
VALIDATE
24
CHAPTER - 8
INVOICE PROCESSING
SERVICE PROVIDER
BILLS
JIO VENDOR
SERVICE
INVOICE
MATERIAL
MATERIAL RECONCILIATION
SAP
CAPEX
ROW
MATERIAL
SERVICE
25
OFC
FTTH
FTTH- X
OFC – T&D
MH (MANHOLE)
DIT BLOCKING
288 MCD
96 PWD
48
24
12
8
6
26
CHAPTER - 9
REA READY
PROJECT
FIBRE
ODSC
ONCE THE PROJECT TEAM HANOVER THE PROJECT TO O&M TEAM THEN O&M TEAM WILL BE
RESPONSIBLE FOR ALL THE PROBLEMS AND DEFAULTS RELATED TO TOWER, FIBRE, ISC AND ODSC.
BUT BEFORE HOTO PROJECT TEAM WILL BE LIABLE FOR ALL THE DEAFULTS RELATED TO TOWER, ISC,
FIBRE AND ODSC.
CUSTOMER 1
TOWER
MOBILE ------------ MOBILE --------------- CUSTOMER 2
CUSTOMER 3
The main work of fibre is to provide net in the broadband in the boxes which is commonly known as
Jio Fibre.
ISC
27
BUILDING NO TOWER RANGE
The ISC is an internal small cell which helps in providing the network range to the building. This is
done because tower provides network to a certain area and where these towers don’t able to
provide the network or range then ISC comes into use.
TOWER
RENT
28
GST INVOICE
GST FORMAT
PROCESS ---------
UPLOAD ON SAP
RENTAL PAYMENT
JUTA
BILL GENERATED ON EB PORTAL
MONTHLY VALIDATION
VALIDATION BY FC&A
PAYMENT L1
29
CHAPTER - 10
POINTS TO REMEMBER
SMALL CELL IS SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT FROM NORMAL HOME WIFI IN TERMS OF POWER AND RANGE.
JIO STARTED TO USE BG INSTEAD OF DD BECAUSE AFTER THE COMPLETION OF THE WORK THE
AMOUNT GIVEN TO THE AUTHORITY WILL MOSTLY BE IN BAD DEBT AS IN SOME WAY OR THE OTHER
THEY DEDUCT THE WHOLE AMOUNT WHICH IS GIVEN AS SECURITY UNDER THE NAME OF SHORTAGE
OF FUNDS WITH THE CONCERNED AUTHORITY.
BY USING BG THAT IS BANK GUARANTEE THE COMPANY INLY NEED TO PAY 25% OF THE STANDARD
AMOUNT WHICH IS LESS RISKIER THAN DD THAT IS DEMAND DRAFT.
NOIDA
NORTH
SOUTH
CENTRAL EAST
WEST
GURGAON
FARIDABAD
GHAZIABAD
30
STATE CONSTRUCTION HEAD (MR. RAVINDER MITTAL)
CPH (CLUSTER POINT HEAD)/ JC LEAD CPH (CLUSTER POINT HEAD)/ JC LEAD CPH
1. DRAWING
2. SURVEY
3. CIVIL WORK
4. ELECTRICAL AND ERECTION
5. EB (LIAONING AND MATERIAL)
DOCUMENT IN BILLING
DRAWING
WCC (WORK COMPLETION CERTIFICATE)
ABSTRACT SHEET
MEASUREMENT SHEET (SERVICES GIVEN)
31
JMS – JOINT MEASUREMENT SHEET
TDS – 194 C
1% - APPLIED ON PROPRIETORSHIP
2% - APPLIED ON OTHERS
CHAPTER - 11
STEP 2 – Another step is create a mix. Mix consist of inclusion of both UG and AERIAL.
Scope UG AERIAL
FSA 1 5KM 70% 30%
FSA 2 10KM
FSA 3 20KM
FSA 4 8KM
FSA 5 25KM
With the help of making this table in the excel we use mix to know that what percentage can we
take of UG and what percentage can we take of Aerial.
So let us assume that there are 1000 FSAs of 10km. So the total area will be of 10,000km.
Now out of 10,000 km if we are doing 70% using UG and 30% using AERIAL.
Now in order to make it less expensive we have to do cost optimization. In order to do this it is
important to revise the percentages of the mix to make it cost effective and my work is to do that
only.
With the help of the finance department and my mentor using permutation and combination means
by taking different percentages of the mix in order to find out that how can we come to the
minimum cost but after finalizing the final percentages it needs to approved by the project
department and row team.
32
So a data was provided by the mentor where I have to do in-depth analysis of this and work on cost
optimization. And this is just the example that I am quoting actual data and process of doing this is
lengthy and includes several parameters while doing this analysis.
OT MOLING HDD
NOW FROM 70% OF UG WE HAVE TO DECIDE ABOUT THE METHOD THAT NEED TO BE USED IN
DOING UF THAT IS OPEN TRENCH, MOILING AND HDD.
33
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Financial analysis of some important parameters from the annual reports of various
competitor banks helped to understand the reason behind why a particular competitoris
doing so well in the market than the others. Some of the important parameters couldbe cost
to income ratio, Net NPA ratio, advances, deposits, operating profit followedby net profit.
As working as a analyst it is important to help JIO with my ideas and analysis and provide a
method where my analysis will save some cost related to anything like cost of tower installation
which includes rent, electricity bill and fuel. And to find out that which type of tower cost
effective along with maximum range such as RTT( roof top tower), GBM(groundbased monopoly
tower)
In invoice processing where material controlling and reconciliation is the most crucial thing that
needed to be taken care off. So when i saw the data related to the material that is assigned to the
concerned vendor I presented the report with the help of different charts related to the amount of
material assigned and material used in different new locations of Delhi so that loopholes can be
findout and the areas where material consumption is highest.
I have also learned that how to do Indepth analysis of several variables with the help of short data
provided along with limited time to get it done which not only enhances time management but
alsoimproves our ability of thinking.
34
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. https://relianceretail.com/appInv/Uploads/RRL_Annual_Report_2021_22.pdf
2. https://www.trai.gov.in/
3. https://www.ibef.org/industry/telecommunications
4. https://www.skyquestt.com/report/integrated-telecommunication-services-
market
5. https://www.jio.com/
6. https://www.quora.com/How-many-Mbps-are-there-in-2G-3G-and-4G
7. http://dailystockreporter.com/what-is-the-telecommunications-sector/
8. http://www.telecomreviewna.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=art
icle&id=470:bay-of-
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