Bowed strings

-homogeneous tone color

-compass /range---7 octaves
-wide dynamic range ppp----fff
-rich overtones, close & open spacing capable
-different ways to produce sounds (bowed, plucked, struck)
-tireless----no need of rest

1st violin 16-18

2nd violin 14-16
viola 10-12
cello 10-12
Double bass 8-10

Shape of Violin
The body & the neck.
top surface of the body---belly/ table/ soundboard
bottom----back (Both are curved shape)
sidewalls----ribs
----they form the hollow box
sound post---(inside the body)-to transmit the vibrations of the strings
---fingerboard
----tailpiece
---scroll ----peg box
nut
bridge
F-holes

open strings
fingering
double stop---for double bass, only double stops include an open strings are practical.
Divisi—Geteilt
vibrato
Glissando/ Portamento
The Bow
1. A long tapering bow stick which is curved slightly inward toward the hair. It is
usually made of Pernambuco wood.
2. A metal or ivory plate protecting the tip
3. Horse-tail hair.
4. A metal ferrule(brace) at the frog which enriches the hairs and keeps them evenly
spread.
5. Exact proportional measurements for balance.
6. A metal screw with which the hair is tightened or loosened.