Land use (LU) refers to using land for various purposes, including residential, industrial,

agricultural, recreational, transportation, or mixed-use. On the other hand, land cover (LC) is the
biological and physical cover of the land surface, such as water bodies, farmland, forests,
wetlands, bare soil, built-up areas, grassland, shrubs, etc. (Sewnet, 2016). Land Use Land Cover
is never constant; however, it changes continually due to the dynamic interactions between
drivers and the feedback that land-use change provides to those drivers (Lambinet al., 2003). It is
a dynamic process caused by natural phenomena and anthropogenic activities that eventually
compel deviations in natural ecosystems (Rather & Dar, 2020). Moreover, Land use and land
cover disrupt natural systems' ability to serve human needs, exposing people and resources to
climate change, socioeconomic crises, and political concerns by diminishing ecosystem services
(Dibaba et al., 2020). For instance, in Africa, it is noted that farmlands, pasture fields, human
settlements, and urban centers are quickly replacing natural vegetation throughout (Mangi et al.,
2022). Meanwhile, in Ethiopia, Belete et al. (2023) reported a decline in forests, woodlands,
shrublands, grasslands, and wetlands and an expansion in agricultural regions and bare lands
over time in the northern part of Ethiopia.