1. Transpiration is when plants lose water through small holes in their leaves called stomata.

The process starts with plants pulling water from the soil using their roots. Water goes up

through the plant's tubes to the leaves, pushed by capillary action, sticking together, and the

plant's breathing. Water molecules in the leaves evaporate and come out through little

openings called stomata. When water evaporates from the leaves, it creates a suction that

pulls more water from the roots up through the plant, keeping water moving throughout the

plant. Transpiration is important for plants because it helps them stay cool, move nutrients

around, and keep their cells full and firm (Rye et al., 2016).

2. Wind or air movement can make plants release water faster by blowing away the moist air

around their leaves, which helps water evaporate more quickly. Bright light makes the plant

need more water because it helps it to make food. This makes water move through the plant

faster. Plants in dry soil may lose more water as they try to absorb enough water to stay

healthy and strong. Higher temperatures make plants sweat more because warm air can hold

more water, so water travels out of the leaves faster. Dry air makes plants lose water faster.

When the air is dry, the difference in moisture between the inside of the leaf and the air

outside is bigger, so the plant loses water more quickly (Rye et al., 2016).

3. When it’s hot, plants lose more water through their leaves than when it's sunny or windy.

High temperatures make the water evaporate faster from the leaves, creating a bigger

difference in water levels between the leaves and the air around them. Out of heat, light, and

wind, heat has the biggest effect on making plants lose water through transpiration. This

happens because heat changes the difference in water levels between the inside of the leaf and

the air around it. Higher temperatures make the water molecules in the leaf move faster,

causing more water to evaporate from the stomata. Also, when it's hotter, the air can hold

more water. This makes it easier for water to move out of the leaf (Rye et al., 2016).
4. Plants can lose water at different speeds because of how they have evolved, what they look

like under a microscope, and how they work on the inside. This can depend on how good

they are at making food and using water, how they change to fit where they live, and how

they grow. Differences in plant structures like leaves and stomata affect how fast water

evaporates from the plant. Some plants have more little holes in their leaves, so they lose

more water. Other plants have thicker covering on their leaves or fewer little holes to keep

water from escaping (Rye et al., 2016).

5. Putting petroleum jelly on a plant's leaves would probably make the plant lose less water. The

petroleum jelly would prevent water from escaping through the leaves, making it harder for

the plant to release water vapor (Rye et al., 2016).

6. Plants need to release water through transpiration to keep cool, stay firm, take in nutrients,

and move minerals around (Rye et al., 2016).

Transpiration in plants is driven by: B) Capillary action.

Stomata: B) permit the intake of carbon dioxide

Water can be lost by a plant through which process(es)? D) A and B

Colder temperatures cause stomata to remain closed. Based on this information, if a plant

were grown below 21oC would you expect transpiration rates to: B) Decrease

Wind appeared to increase the rate of transpiration in most plants tested. This is most likely

because: B) Evaporation was increased.

Cacti grow in arid regions such as deserts. Compared to other plants, transpiration in cacti

would most likely be A) Lower

References:

Rye, C., Wise, R., Jurukivski, V., DeSaix, J., Choi, J., & Avissar, Y. (2016).

Biology. OpenStax. https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction