1.

Counter-fort or Buttress Retaining Wall

 It is a cantilever type of retaining wall except they have thin vertical
concrete webs at regular intervals along the backside of the wall. These
webs are known as counterforts the purpose of them is to reduce the shear
forces and bending moments imposed on the wall by the soil. A secondary
effect is to increase the weight of the wall from the added concrete.
 Counter fort spacing is equal or slightly larger than half of the counter –
fort height.
 It’s economical height above 8m.
Buttress Retaining Wall
Similar to counterfort retaining walls but the bracing is in front of the wall
subjected to compressive force instead of tension.