MiCOM P594

High Accuracy Universal Time Synchronizing Unit

Substation Automation Solutions

May 2009
GRID

MiCOM P594 (Hardware Suffix D)

MiCOM P594 is the universal time synchronizing unit

for the substation
− Accurate for PMU applications
− Accurate for GPS line differential
− Accurate for IED clock sync
• Modulated IRIG-B
• Un-modulated IRIG-B
• Pulsed output contacts
− Visual time reference on LCD

4 x 1 PPS fibre outputs to synchronize:

− P54x relays
− P847 PMU
One Device Synchronizes All – One Single Investment
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1
 P54x Application – switched network (SDH/SONET)

P594 P594
1 1
4
4

1 PPS 1 PPS
Fibre 1sec
Fibre

P591 P591
/P592 MUX MUX /P592
/P593 /P593

Relay at End A Relay at End B

Optimum Line Differential Protection for switched network

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P847 PMU Application

P594 1 PPS P594

Fibre

P847 PMU P847 PMU

G G

P594 EMS
P847 PMU

S800 sPDC
e-terravision

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2
 Synchronizing 1 PPS for P54x Line Differential and P847
Phasor Measurement Unit

Each of the four 1 PPS fibre optic output ports is connected to the
P54x/P847 GPS Input, to synchronize the IED power system sampling
with extremely high accuracy.

With the P594 Fibre Output set to “P54x Sync” the 1PPS output signal is
available when the P594 is GPS synchronized (minimum of four
satellites required to be in view).

The distance between the P54x/P847 and the P594 can be up to 1 km.

To avoid timing problems, the length of fibre at one end of the system
must not differ by more than 0.5 km to that at the other end.

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Synchronizing Pulse for P54x Current Differential and

P847 Phasor Measurement Unit

Output 200ms
+/- 1ms
Site 1
Light ON

Leading edge is
timing point

Light OFF
Time

Output
<100 ns
Site 2
Light ON

Light OFF
Time

Best in Class Accuracy: for Differential and PMU

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3
 Accuracies
Accuracy relative to GPS (when synchronized by GPS)

Timing Output Accuracy

Modulated IRIG-B (BNC connector) < ±3 µs
Un-modulated IRIG-B (BNC connector) < ±800 ns

Un-modulated IRIG-B (EIA422) < ±1.5 µs

1 PPS fibre output < ±100 ns
1 PPM/1PPH output contacts < ±100 µs

Local Clock Drift when not GPS synchronized

− < ±200 ns/s

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IRIG-B Outputs (1)

The P594 provides both modulated and un-modulated IRIG-B
outputs.

For Modulated IRIG-B signals, a 50Ω coaxial cable (e.g.

RG58) is used from the P594 to multiple IEDs.

For Un-modulated IRIG-B signals, either a 50Ω coaxial cable

(e.g. RG58) is used from the P594 (BNC connector), or an
EIA422 cable is used from the P594 (D9 connector; TTL
level), or both simultaneously, to multiple IEDs.

Accurate Substation synchronizm

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4
 IRIG-B Outputs (2)
Modulated output voltage is 1V, 2V or 5V (peak)

Time code format for modulated IRIG-B output is B120, B121,

B122 & B123

Modulation ratio for modulated outputs only, is settable

between 3:1 and 6:1

Time code format for un-modulated IRIG-B output is B000,

B001, B002 & B003

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Static Output contacts

Four individually-configurable static relay output contacts are available

Each may be configured to provide

− A One Pulse Per Minute (1 PPM) Output (200ms on time)
− A One Pulse Per Hour (1 PPH) Output (200ms on time)
− An alarm (choice of seven)

The outputs can be made available when

− The P594 is GPS synchronized or Free Running
− Or, only when the P594 is GPS synchronized

Accurate Substation Synchronism

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5
 Auxiliary functions
Commissioning mode:
− This can be used for testing the following outputs:
• Fibre Ports - (625kHz 50% Duty Cycle Square wave)
• IRIG-B Output (All Formats)
• Static Relay Outputs (Alarm or Local 1PPM/1PPH Outputs)

GPS Receiver Setup – It is possible to enter the coordinates of the GPS

antenna, thus removing the auto survey that is carried out when the
unit is first energised and so speeding up the availability of outputs
after power-on. The options are:
− Enable Auto Survey (Default setting)*
− Use Stored position with check*
− Use Stored position with No check*
− Enter co-ordinates manually*
*Note: A minimum of four satellites is required before 1 PPS and IRIG-B outputs
are activated.

Fast Availability on Power-Up: No Lengthy Waiting

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Site Survey and Monitoring (1)

Site survey function:

− To determine adequacy of GPS signal and antenna mounting.

GPS monitoring statistics:

− Records GPS availability over a user-selectable period Period
range is from one day to two months

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 Site Survey and Monitoring (2)

No GPS Sync – This indicates the percentage of time that GPS synchronization was
not available.

Minimum Satellites – Indicates the minimum no. of satellites detected

Maximum Satellites – Indicates the maximum no. of satellites detected

0 Satellites – Indicates the percentage of time when no satellites have been

detected

1-12 Satellites – Indicates the percentage of time that 1 to 12 satellites have been
detected

Reset Counters – The counters used to store the survey statistics can be reset using
- - P 13 this setting

Model Hardware – Interface & LCD display

The P594 is cased in a MiCOM 20TE case
(same as previous hardware suffices).
LCD – Backlit, 2 Line x 16 character
Liquid Crystal Display
− Default display shows the date & P 5 9 4 D 1 5 : 1 2 : 3 2
time and status of the outputs T Z + 1 . 0 h # S A T = 1 2

Keypad – front panel keypad for

configuration.
Watchdog Contacts are available

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7
 Antenna

The antenna used in the GPS time

synchronizing module is
market-leading Trimble ‘Bullet
3’.

The GPS antenna, cable, lightning

arrestor, and all necessary
fixings are supplied in a kit with
the P594 unit.
• Choice of antenna cable lengths:
− 25m
− 50m
− 100m
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Time
Synch

P594 Accuracy

Best and
most
Accurate
in-class

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