Thesis Ashwini Converted

See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.
net/publication/336603909
CFD Analysis of Air Conditioning in Room Using Ansys Fluent
Thesis · December 2018
CITATIONS READS
3 22,821
2 authors, including:
Pooran Singh Dhakar

University Institute of Technology RGPV Shivpuri
28 PUBLICATIONS 60 CITATIONS
SEE PROFILE
All content following this page was uploaded by Pooran Singh Dhakar on 17 October 2019.
The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

A
DISSERTATION
ON
CFD Analysis of Air Conditioning in Room Using Ansys Fluent

A Dissertation Work
Submitted in the partial fulfillment for the award of IVth semester
Master of Technology
In
Thermal Engineering
Submitted to
RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDHYALAYA, BHOPAL(M.P.)
SUBMITTED BY
ASHWANEE PATEL
(ROLL NO.-0917ME14MT03)
UNDER THE GUIDANCE

OF
Prof. P.S. DHAKAR
Assistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
NAGAJI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT

THAKUR BABA CAMPUS, JHANSI ROAD, SITHOLI, GWALIOR -
474001
NAGAJI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND
MANAGEMENT
GWALIOR (M.P.)
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the thesis entitled “CFD ANALYSIS OF AIR

CONDITIONING IN ROOM USING ANSYS FLUENT” being submitted by
ASHWANEE PATEL in partial fulfillment for the award of M.Tech. IV th

semester in THERMAL ENGINEERING to RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI
VISHWAVIDHYALAYA, BHOPAL (M.P.) is record of bonafide work done
by him under my supervision.
Prof. P.S. Dhakar

Guide
Assistant Professor
Mechanical Engineering Department
PRINCIPAL
(NITM, GWALIOR)
i
NAGAJI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
ANDMANAGEMENT
GWALIOR (M.P.)
APPROVAL CERTIFICATION
This dissertation work entitled “CFD ANALYSIS OF AIR CONDITIONING

IN ROOM USING ANSYS FLUENT” being submitted by ASHWANEE
PATEL is approved for the award of degree of Master of Technology in
thermal engineering.
INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER
Date: ___/___/______ Date: ___/___/______
ii
MANAGEMENT
GWALIOR (M.P.)
CANDIDATE DECLARATION
I Ashwanee Patel s/o Babulal Patel student of M. Tech in Thermal

Engineering, IVth semester Roll.no. 0917ME14MT03 hereby declare that the
dissertation entitled “CFD Analysis of Air Conditioning in Room Using
Ansys Fluent” which is being submitted to Department of Mechanical
Engineering, NITM Gwalior is my authentic work carried out in my IVth
semesters.
I declare that my work has not been submitted in part or in full to my any
other university or institute for the award of any other Degree or Diploma.
ASHWANEE PATEL
Roll No.- 0917ME14MT03
M. Tech (Thermal Engg.)
iii
MANAGEMENT
GWALIOR (M.P.)
RECOMMENDATION
It is hereby recommended that the dissertation entitled “CFD Analysis of Air

Conditioning in Room Using Ansys Fluent” may be partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the award M. Tech degree in THERMAL ENGINEERING to
RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDYALAYA, Bhopal (MP).
Prof. P. S. DHAKAR Prof. P. S. DHAKAR

Head of Deptt. Guide
Mechanical Engg. Department
iv
MANAGEMENT
GWALIOR (M.P.)
PLAGIARISM’S DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the Dissertation entitled “CFD Analysis of Air

Conditioning in Room Using Ansys Fluent” my own work conducted under
the supervision of Mr. P. S. Dhakad Asst. Professor Department of Mechanical
Engineering at Nagaji Institute of Technology and Management, Gwalior.
I further declare that to the best of my knowledge this report does not
contain any part of work that has been submitted for the award of any degree
either in this university or in other university /Deemed University without
proper citation.
I also declare that “A check for plagiarism has been carried out on the
dissertation and is found within the acceptable limit and report of which is
enclosed herewith.”
This is to certify that the above statement made by the candidate is
correct to the best of my knowledge.
ASHWANEE PATEL
Roll no.- 0917ME14MT03
Signature of Guide
PRINCIPAL
NITM, GWALIOR
v
izi=
¼,e-bZ-@,e-Vsd-@,e-QkekZ-Nk=ksa gsrq½
eSa अश्विनी पटे ल, iq= Jh बाबूलाल पटे ल vk;q 27 o’kZ o fuoklh B-3 , हनुमान नगर , गोले
का मंदिर, ग्वादलयर , ¼e-iz-½ dk gksdj dFku djrk gwW fd %&
1- ;g fd eSaus ,e-bZ@,e-Vsd-@,e-QkekZ- ds fo’k; FkeZy bathfu;fjax

l= tqykbZ 2014 esa dkmalfyax@laLFkk Lrj dkmalfyax ¼lh-,y-lh-½
ds ek/;e ds Js.kh ¼lkekU; @,l-lh-@,l-Vh-@vks-ch-lh-½ vks-ch-lh-
ls ukxkth baLVhV~;wV vkWQ VSDuksykWth ,o aeSaustesaV ¼,u-
vkbZ-Vh-,e-½ Xokfy;j ¼e-iz-½ laLFkk esa izzos”k fy;k FkkA
2- ;g fd eSa fnukad tqykbZ 2014&2018 ls fu;fer Nk= ds #i esa

LukrdksRRkj ikB~;dze esa v/;;ujr gwWA
3- ;g fd eSa ?kks’k.kk djrk gwW fd bl ikB~;dze dh vof/k esa fdlh vU;

futh {ks= esa laLFkk @vkS|ksfxd lewg@fdlh Hkh dk;kZy; esa
iw.kZdkfyd ,oa va”kdkfyd #i ls dk;kZjr ugha FkkA
LFkku%&Xokfy;j gLrk{kj “kiFkdrkZ

fnukad%&
xkbZM ,oa lapkyd @izkpk;Z }kjk lR;kfir fd;k tkos
lR;kfid djrs gSa fd Nk= अश्विनी पटे ल ukekadu dzekad 0917ME14MT03 }kjk
mijksDrkuqlkj Hkjh gqbZ tkudkjh izekf.kr ,oa lgh gSA
vi
lapkyd
@izkpk;Z
gLrk{kj
laLFkkdkuke% ukxkth baLVhV~;wV vkWQ VSDuksykWth ,oa

eSaustesUV
laLFkkdkdksM% 0917
nwjHkk’kuEcj %0751&2410201

MANAGEMENT
GWALIOR (M.P.)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First, and foremost I would like to thank my supervisor Mr. P.S. Dhakad Asst.
Professor for giving me the guidance, encouragement, counsel, throughout my
research. Without her invaluable advice and assistance, it would not have been
possible for me to complete this thesis. He was a constant source of
encouragement to me and helped like my father with his insightful comments on
all stage of my thesis work.
I am very much indebted to Mr. P.S. Dhakad, Head of department –
Mechanical Engineering, for his continuous encouragement and support. He is
always ready to help with a smile.
I take this opportunity to thank all the associated faculty members and
friends for the precious time they devoted for help, feedback and
encouragement during the course of my research work.
I am very thankful to my Parents, brothers and sister who supported and
suffered me for the successful completion of my thesis work.
vii
I would like to thank my Master, my parents, my sister, family and
friends for always supporting, guiding and encouraging me and helping me
become what I am now.
Finally, I express my gratitude towards The Almighty God for showering
His blessing upon me.
Ashwanee Patel
viii
ABSTRACT
Air-conditioning contributes extensively to excessive strength intake in business buildings.

It is essential to display and compare the overall performance of air-conditioning systems
to avoid pointless energy wastage. This paper offers the results of an examine finished to
assess the performance of an actual constructing air-conditioning system. The results of
the air-conditioning system’s performance and thermal comfort analysis are presented and
a comparison is made to the different locations of supply air flow. In this investigation
various locations utilized for Air Conditioning air flow supply. Room designing and
analysis performed in ANSYS CFD tool. Three rooms utilized with same dimensions at
different locations of Air conditioner unit in room. Thermal conditions of room optimized
with ANSYS CFD tool.
The ANSYS CFD (fluid flow) device is absolutely integrated into the ANSYS Workbench
surroundings, the framework for the entire suite of engineering simulation solutions. Its
adaptive architecture enables users to easily installation anything from preferred fluid go
with the flow analyses of complex interacting structures. The purpose of this paintings is
to optimize the Room Air Conditioning through converting the duct locations on room.
Finally, the results are discussed in detail.
The main goal of this study is to determine the air cooling and temperature distribution in
the room. Performance of the air conditioner is showed for different location of duct
positions.
NITM Mechanical Engineering Department Page viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS
CERTIFICATE .............................................................................................................................. i
APPROVAL CERTIFICATION ................................................................................................. ii
CANDIDATE DECLARATION ................................................................................................ iii
RECOMMENDATION ............................................................................................................... iv
PLAGIARISM’S DECLARATION ............................................................................................ v
izi= ................................................................................................................................................. vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .......................................................................................................... vii
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................ viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................ ix
LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................................... xii
LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................................... xiv
CHAPTER 1 .................................................................................................................................. 1
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................... 1
1.1. Introduction 2
1.2. Need for Air Cooling 4
1.3. Air conditioning system 4
1.4. Applications of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning 6
1.5. Refrigerant and Refrigeration Cycle 7
1.6. Experimental Methodology 8
CHAPTER 2 .................................................................................................................................. 9
LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................ 9
2.1. Literature Review 10
2.2 Conclusion 16
CHAPTER 3 ................................................................................................................................ 17
FINITE ELEMENT METHOD................................................................................................. 17
3.1. Introduction to Finite Element Method 18
3.2. General procedure of finite element method 18
3.3. Convergence requirement 20
NITM Mechanical Engineering Department Page ix

3.4. Advantages of FEM 21
3.5. Applications of FEM 21
3.6. FEA SOFTWARE – ANSYS 22
3.7. Evolution of ANSYS Program 22
3.8. Overview of the program 23
3.9. Reducing the design and manufacturing costs using ANSYS (FEA) 25
3.9.1. Program availability 25
3.9.2. Analysis types available 25
3.10. Material properties 26
3.11. Obtain the solution 26
3.12. Pre – Processor 26
CHAPTER 4 ................................................................................................................................ 30
METHOLODGY AND MODELLING..................................................................................... 30
4.1. Introduction 31
4.2. Computational Fluid Dynamics 31
4.3. Basic Structure of A CFD Code 32
4.3.1. Pre-Processor 32
4.3.2 Solver 32
4.3.3 Post-Processor 33
4.4. ANSYS CFX (Fluid flow) Workbench Environment 33
4.5. Create a Geometry 35
4.6. Meshing of Geometry (discretization of the computational domain) 37
CHAPTER 5 ................................................................................................................................ 40
IMPLEMENTATION ................................................................................................................ 40
5.1 Introduction 41
5.2. Parameters Taken for Result 41
5.3. Air Conditioning Room designing in ANSYS 41
CHAPTER 6 ................................................................................................................................ 51
RESULTS .................................................................................................................................... 51
6.1 Introduction 52
6.2. Results of Air conditioning 52
6.1.1. Case 1 of AC Room 52
6.1.2. Case 2 of AC room 54
6.1.3. Case 3 of AC Room 56
CHAPTER 7 ................................................................................................................................ 63
NITM Mechanical Engineering Department Page x

CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................................... 63
7.1. Conclusion 64
7.2. Future Scope 65
REFERENCES............................................................................................................................ 66
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS ....................................................................................................... 69
NITM Mechanical Engineering Department Page xi

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
Figure Description
No. no.
4.1 ANSYS workbench project schematic with fluid flow (CFD) 33
4.2 Geometry of Room 1 with A. C. Dust 35
4.5 Shows the separate view of the meshed AC room 37
4.6 Details of meshing, CFD simulations of AC Rooms 38
5.1 Case 1 of AC room 42
6.1 Room 1 Designed in ANSYS 51
6.2 Temperature variations in Room 1 52
6.3 Pressure Generated due to Air flow of AC duct in Room 1 52
6.4 Streamline of Air flow in Room 1 53
6.13 Comparison of Temperature b/w All Room with different duct 58

locations
6.14 Comparison of pressure b/w All Room with different duct locations 59
NITM Mechanical Engineering Department Page xii

6.15 Histogram Graph of temperature distribution in Room 1 59
6.18 Comparison of Room 1, Room 2 and Room 3 temperatures 61
NITM Mechanical Engineering Department Page xiii

LIST OF TABLES
Table
Table Description Page no.
No.
5.1 Dimensions of Rooms and Ducts 40
6.1 Comparison of Results with all three cases of AC Room 57
6.2 Pressure difference in Room 1, Room 2, and Room 3 58
NITM Mechanical Engineering Department Page xiv

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
NITM Mechanical Engineering Department Page 1

INTRODUCTION
1.1. Introduction
The science which deals with creating a controlled in indoor space is referred to as air
conditioning. Earlier days the air-conditioning become treated as a luxurious, however
in gift state of affairs due to alternate in environmental conditions the air conditioning
system has emerge as part and parcel of human lifestyles. In tropical and subtropical
countries cooling by using air conditioning is essential capabilities of cutting-edge
development. At present comfort air situations is broadly utilized in residence,
workplace and industrial programs. One of the foremost variations of 20th century is
significant usage of present day, environmental pleasant and powerful air conditioning
system. Thus, it is necessary to develop modern air conditioning system to meet the
necessities comfort conditions. As the significance of refrigeration and air
conditioning is increasing daily there may be want to have a look at about the thermal
consolation at any variety of environmental situations. Most of the air conditioning
device makes use of either vapour compression system or vapour absorption device.
The potential can also vary from a few kilowatts to megawatts. The vapour
compression refrigeration cycle is widely utilized for room air situation due to its
better performance. The working fluid utilized in the vapour compression cycle is
referred to as refrigerant, which absorbs heat from the refrigerated space and rejects
within the warmness supply. Last eight many years, the synthetic refrigerants like
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and Hydro chlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) are doing well
because of every particular software, and but CFCs and HCFCs are not Ecofriendly
[12]. There are global agreements on this regard, specifically Montreal and Kyoto
protocol, the Montreal protocol is a worldwide treaty that controls the manufacturing
of Ozone Depletion Substances (ODS).
Thus, it is necessary to develop modern air conditioning system to meet the

necessities comfort conditions. As the significance of refrigeration and air
conditioning is increasing daily there may be want to have a look at about the thermal
consolation at any variety of environmental situations. Most of the air conditioning
device makes use of either vapour compression system or vapour absorption device.
The potential can also vary from a few kilowatts to megawatts. The vapour
compression refrigeration cycle is widely utilized for room air situation due to its
better performance. The working fluid utilized in the vapour compression cycle is
referred to as refrigerant, which absorbs heat from the refrigerated space and rejects

INTRODUCTION
within the warmness supply. Last eight many years, the synthetic refrigerants like
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and Hydro chlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) are doing well
because of every particular software, and but CFCs and HCFCs are not Ecofriendly
[12]. There are global agreements on this regards, specifically Montreal and Kyoto
protocol, the Montreal protocol is a worldwide treaty that controls the manufacturing
of Ozone Depletion Substances (ODS). The unique protocol changed into signed
September sixteenth, 1987 with the aid of the European Economic Community
presently called European Union and 24 countries such as United States.
The ozone friendly refrigerant like R410A and R32 Hydro fluorocarbon institution
refrigerants emerging within the subject of refrigeration and Air-Conditioning
structures which might be emerging as subsequent generation refrigerants, due to their
Zero Ozone Depletion Potential and occasional Global Warming Potential and
favorable performance with less environmental affects [8]. Most of the early
refrigerant materials have been discarded for protection reasons or loss of chemical
and thermal balance. Now, many refrigerants are utilized for air conditioning and
refrigeration programs.
R32 is expected to mildly flammable with an ASHRAE A2L (American Society of
Heating, Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Engineers) flammability safety scores
and contain widespread tradeoff amongst efficiency and fee. Besides the human
consolation, air conditioning is utilized in industries for efficient functioning of
machines, in cold garage to maintain food merchandise, in textile enterprise for better
product and prescribed drugs [7]. In designing Air conditioning gadget, the different
factors which have an effect on the human consolation are, Effective temperature (Dry
bulb temperature, Wet bulb temperature), Heat manufacturing and law in human
frame, Relative Humidity, high-quality and quantity of air and Air Stratification.

INTRODUCTION
1.2. Need for Air Cooling

One of the main demands of a building is to deliver relaxed surroundings for its
occupants. In a modern industrial civilization, man spends the more part of his life in
interior. During recent a long time, this has led to higher hobby in analyzing the have
an effect on of indoor climate. An affordable thermal weather may be given by
cooling the indoor air by way of a few approach which boom the productivity of the
occupants. Higher air temperature inside a building is determined to decrease the
productivity of the occupants and boom the heat pressure in the buildings. In poultry
houses, better temperature decreases feed consumption, weight advantage, and egg
yield. All those factors call for, cooling of indoor air in hot climate zones. Air cooling
is a way of accomplishing a comfortable indoor climate by way of lowering the air
temperature, particularly inside the arid location of the arena. In General, 25°C, 60 %
RH is suggested consolation situations. This may be performed by way of the use of
air conditioning system. Use of adiabatic air coolers is also very common.
1.3. Air conditioning system

Air conditioning is the manner of conditioning the indoor air for the specified thermal
comfort. An air conditioner is an equipment, gadget or system, planned to maintain
the air temperature and humidity inside an area. It is utilized for cooling as well as
heating, relying at the air temperature at a given time, generally using refrigeration
cycle. Sometimes, evaporative cooling is utilized for consolation cooling in building
and motor vehicles. Air conditioning in particular is utilized for consolation and
manner software. Comfort software objectives to offer constructing indoor
environments meaning particularly steady in a range, preferred through human beings,
no matter the adjustments in outside climate conditions or in inner heat hundreds.
Comfort programs for diverse building sorts are quite exceptional and may be labeled
as low- upward thrust building, high- rise building, business building, institutional
constructing and business space. Process programs purpose to provide suitable
environment for a manner being performed, irrespective of internal warmness and
humidity hundreds and outside climate conditions. Process packages consist of Data
Centers, Textile Industries, Chemical and Biological Workshops, Mines and others.
Air-conditioning in warm and arid environments, is an essential requirement for
supporting of each day human activities.

INTRODUCTION
The air conditioning is the process of simultaneous manage of temperature, humidity,

go with the flow of air and purity of air. It needs the controlling the properties of
atmospheric air and dispensing via the space to be conditioned. Air conditioner which
matches on vapour compression refrigeration cycle includes compressor, condenser
(warmness exchanger), expansion valve and evaporator (warmness exchanger).
Refrigerant is a working medium in refrigeration cycle utilized for heat switch; it
choices up heat (latent or Sensible heat) from the source at lower temperature and
stress and offers up warmness (latent or Sensible warmness) at better temperature and
strain. Selecting refrigerant for a specific purpose its traits ought to be taken into
consideration and the selection ought to be made on the basis of its compatibility with
the device [15]. An air conditioning device is assembly one-of-a-kind elements for use
to provide distinct situations of air with in a room or area. The crucial parts and
system of an air-conditioner are a unit of refrigeration cycle components i.e.
a) Compressor
b) Condenser
c) Expansion device
d) Evaporator
In addition to those elements there exists Air-Cleaning and Air-filters, humidifiers,

dehumidifiers, fan and Blowers and grills for area to be conditioned. The fashionable
class of air conditioning unit is as follows
I. According to the purpose of the system
• Industrial Air Conditioning System

• Comfort air conditioning system
II. According to the seasonal use.
• Summer air conditioning system
• Winter air conditioning system
III. According to the arrangement of the equipment.

INTRODUCTION
• Central air conditioning system
• Unitary air conditioning system
IV. According to working substance utilized in the system.
• All air system
• Air water system
• Chilled water system.
1.4. Applications of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

The motive of this segment is to offer the numerous packages of refrigeration and air
conditioning industry. Over the span of the previous few a long time, refrigeration
enterprise has grown into the full-fledged enterprise in urbanized or northern
countries. The refrigeration has grown to be as important feature in place of a luxury.
It has added plenty extra success and comforts to human beings than any other
gadgets of human comfort.
The application of refrigeration can be classified in the following six categories:
• Domestic Refrigeration / Appliance Servicing
• Commercial Refrigeration
• Industrial refrigeration
• Transport and Marine
• Comfort Air- conditioning
• Processing Air –Conditioning
The primary function of the refrigerator or freezer is to provide and maintain food
storage space at lower temperature for preservation of food. The mechanical vapour
compression cycle as well as absorption system may use for domestic refrigerator or
freezer. Appliance industry covers the domestic refrigerators, freezer; the commercial
refrigeration covers the commercial and industrial applications for example
merchandising cabinet, cool rooms, freezers rooms and air conditioning systems, the
air conditioning industry covers residential installation, shopping centers and

INTRODUCTION
hospitals, whereas industrial process such as textile, printing, drug manufacturing and
for drying of products.
1.5. Refrigerant and Refrigeration Cycle

Refrigeration is a process of maintaining system temperature lower than that of
surrounding temperature. The refrigeration cycle describes the variations that take
place in the refrigerant because of it alternately absorbs and rejects heat as it mixes
through the refrigeration cycle. Heat obviously flows from warm to cold. Work is
implemented to chill a living area or storage volume through pumping heat from a
lower temperature heat supply right into a better temperature heat sink. Insulation is
utilized to decrease the work and energy had to gain and preserve a decrease
temperature in the cooled area. The functioning precept of the refrigeration cycle
changed into described mathematically by using Carnot in 1824 as a heat engine.
In the refrigeration cycle, four vital main components are compressor, condenser,
expansion tool and evaporator. In the refrigeration system those refrigerants soak up
heat at low temperature system and reject the heat at excessive temperature machine
[10]. The suitability of a particular refrigerant for a certain utility is determined by its
thermo bodily, chemical residences and numerous realistic elements. Natural Ice, Air
and water were the first refrigerants recognized to man. Subsequently, refrigerants
along with ammonia (NH3), Carbon dioxide (CO2), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Methyl
chloride and dry ice had been evolved in nineteenth century. Presently inside the
discipline of refrigeration and air conditioning the synthetic refrigerants with an
alternate call of Freon’s institution refrigerants like CFCs, HCFCs, HFCs, FCs and
HCs. The refrigerant adjustments its phase and absorbs more heat therefore enhancing
Coefficient of Performance of the unit, therefore; those refrigerants became very
famous in vapor compression machine. However, because of the environmental
problems because of ozone layer depletion and Global Warming a number of the
refrigerants were banned and in several international locations. Refrigerants may be
classified into two types
• Primary refrigerants
• Secondary refrigerants
The basic requirement of refrigerant Nonflammable and non-explosive
(i) Safe and nontoxic,

INTRODUCTION
(ii) Low cost

(iii) Easy to condense at moderate pressure and temperature,
(iv) Easy to detect leaks either by odor or indicator,
(v) Ability to operate on above atmospheric pressures and ability to Mix well
with oil.
The refrigeration cycle can also be carried out for air conditioning system, now days
there are numerous strategies of cooling structures are available, however, vapor
compression refrigeration machine is higher and green method for air conditioning
purpose. Vapour compression refrigeration cycles have two advantages. First, a
massive amount of thermal power is needed to alternate a liquid to a vapour, and
consequently, a variety of heat may be removed from the air-conditioned area.
Second, the isothermal nature of the vaporization permits extraction of heat without
elevating the temperature of the operating fluid to the temperature of something is
being cooled. This method that the heat switch rate remains excessive, due to the fact
the nearer the working fluid temperature approaches that of the surroundings, the
decrease the price of heat transfer. The applicability of this gadget degree from a
household fridge to a window air conditioner and from crucial air conditioning plants
to large storage.
1.6. Experimental Methodology

The experimental check has been performed with in three equal varieties of room for
air conditioning and studied distinct duct locations in room and optimize minimum
room cooling time. The consequences of the air-conditioning device’s overall
performance and thermal consolation evaluation are presented and an evaluation is
made to the exceptional locations of deliver air flow. In this research numerous
locations utilized for Air Conditioning air go with the flow supply. Room designing
and evaluation achieved in ANSYS CFD tool. Thermal situations of room optimized
with ANSYS CFD device.

CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW

LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1. Literature Review

In this section some existing papers on Room air conditioning CFD analysis have been
discussed. The works performed and results obtained by the authors are analyzed and
discussed.
Y. Fan et. al. (2018) Studied a novel control algorithm named fan intermittent operation,
for the indoor unit of room air conditioner removing the compressor on–off cycling under
low load condition and to provide stable warm air to satisfy the task of local domain with
extremely low compressor frequency. Based on periodic variation control of condensing
temperature, a 5% energy saving rate can be established under the winter condition
simulation. In the dynamic simulation, the cycling loss such as the overshot of the starting
current was not taken into account. The total power consumption could effectively be
increased in the real operation. Finally, FIO control algorithm can provide relatively higher
and successive SA to maintain a better wellbeing of occupants and a more comfortable
environment for the task zone compared to conventional thermal on–off control algorithm.
Zhou et. al. (2017) Analyze the connection between cooling energy utilization and thermal
solace in various urban cities. they simulate the cooling energy utilization under various
thermal solace range. The outcomes demonstrate that cooling energy saving productivity is
firmly related with the acceptable comfort range and city's geographic area. Another
commitment of this examination is an ideal scope of thermal solace has been displayed.
Jing Ni et. al. (2017) A typical, small data center with tiles for an air supply framework
with a raised floor is utilized. they utilized a familiar to thermal circulation and air stream,
and explore the ideal states of air distribution to save energy. The impacts of the wind
stream outlet edge along the side, the cooling temperature and the rate of wind current on
the beta list and in addition the energy usage index are discussed about, and the ideal
conditions are gotten. The sensible wind current conveyance accomplished utilizing 3D
CFD computations and the parameter settings gave in this paper can help diminish the
vitality utilization of data centers by enhancing the productivity of the cooling.
Kang et. al. (2017) The working principle of radiant cooling and attributes of displacement
ventilation are presented in this examination. The exploration progress about condensation
of the appended with a stream under the activity of the floor brilliant cooling with uprooting
ventilation framework and evaporating cooling of floor brilliant cooling with displacement
ventilation framework are condensed in this examination. analyzing the thermal comfort of

LITERATURE REVIEW
the room utilizing the two sorts of compound radiant cooling framework conversely. The
outcomes demonstrate that the joined with a stream under the activity of the rooftop
brilliant cooling with dislodging ventilation cooling framework avoid buildup is superior to
the previous.
Bamodu et. al. (2017) A numerical examination is completed in this investigation utilizing
CFD to mimic the indoor atmosphere in an office room ventilated by a 4-way cassette
forced air system in cooling mode. A correlation is done against two comparable rooms
however ventilated by various design arrangement of a run of the mill blending ventilation
forced air system. An examination of the 4-way cassette AC is made against a run of the
mill divider mounted blending ventilation framework dependent on ADPI estimations and
additionally distinction in air temperature and speed. the outcomes in this investigation,
which are done by computational liquid elements reproduction, show that an unrivaled air
appropriation execution is accomplished by the 4-way cassette AC when contrasted with
the divider mounted framework. the outcomes additionally demonstrate possibilities for
vitality sparing utilizing the 4-way cassette AC.
Ding et. al. (2017) Analyzed the simulation results suggested that increasing the area of air
supply outlets and the number of return air inlets would not only increase the area of
unidirectional flow region in main flow region, but also avoid an indoor vortex and
turbulivity of the operating area. based on the summary of heat and humidity management
methods, the system operation mode and relevant parameter technologies as well as the
characteristic of the thermal humidity load of the operating room were analyzed and
compiled. according to the load value and parameters of indoor design obtained after our
calculations, this study analyzed the feasibility and energy conservation properties of
cleaning air-conditioning technology in operating rooms, proposed some solutions to the
problem, and performed a feasible simulation, which provides a reference for practical
engineering.
Du et. al. (2016) Examined indoor thermal condition of a steam turbine room in power
plant by CFD. Allude to a run of the mill steam turbine room in a real warm power plant
which has been led field test, the regular numerical reenactment demonstrate is fabricated
including a sensible indoor thermal condition, auxiliary parameters, and envelope design
opening, stream limit conditions. Indoor air temperature circulation and air speed
dissemination of steam turbine room is acquired. Contrasting the recreation results and the

LITERATURE REVIEW
comparing field estimation information on regular area demonstrate that two arrangements
of results are close. So precision and relevance of CFD recreations is demonstrated.
Popovici et. al. (2016) A numerical model was made, for the indoor atmosphere
investigation, getting the fundamental thermal comfort parameters, in various zones of the
assembly room. The model did on the CFD instrument ANSYS-Fluent, depends on the as
of late actualized HVAC arrangement of the theater. The outcomes are introduced relatively
in two unmistakable situations of the ventilation and molding framework: when the
auditorium is involved and amid the breaks. Results from reproduction demonstrated that
the framework gives reasonable conditions to inhabitants and decorative finishing.
Aryal et. al. (2016) Studied about a CFD examination on warm solace and indoor air
quality influenced by allotments in a cooled building. CFD tests are done to reproduce
factors of indoor air previously/after establishment or expulsion of segments. The proposed
philosophy will help in getting strong proof in the basic leadership procedure of the
establishment or expulsion of the segment for different purposes in indoor offices. The
detail investigation of indoor structure and adaptability of the area of the segment with the
guide of CFD device can be performed before taking any physical changes in library.
Satyam et. al. (2016) Examined and planned compact forced air system, the arrangement
on this investigation is convenient climate control system which is having low assembling
and upkeep cost. Its cooling power is tantamount to divider climate control system. It gives
transportability, can be move anyplace effortlessly. It is little in size; consequently, it would
sit pleasantly in our room, drawing room and kitchen. It is totally non-polluting.
Sarma et. al. (2016) Conducted the numerical investigation of the temperature field and
wind stream inside a room amid summer with various places of the forced air system unit
utilizing computational liquid elements (CFD) strategy. For these examinations, a CFD
model of an office-room has been fabricated and four distinct cases have been broke down
by setting the climate control system unit in north, south, east and west dividers of the room
independently utilizing a similar limit conditions and warmth sources. Numerical
investigations have indicated unmistakable connection between the situation of forced air
system and warm condition in the room. In any case, mass-weighted normal speed in room
relatively same in every one of the cases.

LITERATURE REVIEW
Pillai et. al. (2016) Studied the review of numerical and experimental study of the
temperature distribution and air flow in air-conditioning system with varying human load
using the simulation software named computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Therefore, CFD
simulation is used for the analysis of various systems mentioned above to get appropriate
results and thus comparing with the numerical values obtained. Better air flow
characteristics and thermal comfort can be obtained by placing the air inlet vents and
exhaust ports at proper positions CFD tool can be used in designing and thus getting the
required optimum results.
Prakash et. al. (2015) The protection layer-wood fleece is laid over the rooftop and
uncovered mass of a cooled room and its execution on indoor thermal comfort is
contemplated by computational liquid elements (CFD) system. From this investigation, 3%
of indoor warm solace file anticipated mean vote (PMV) is enhanced by giving wood fleece
layer. Also, the ideal supply air temperature of cooling unit for good warm solace is
anticipated as in the scope of 299– 300 K (26– 27 0C). This ideal setting of AC in incentive
for a protected building room encourages the inhabitants to live in thermally agreeable
condition with nearly less utilization of expense for energy.
Thakur et. al. (2014) The room wind stream design as far as temperature and speed
alongside warm solace measurement by changing dress file cfd think about. Room wind
stream design in the two test rooms, University gathering lobby and RAC Lab are
considered under four conditions; characteristic, just fan, just AC, fan with AC. Impact of
forced air system position on the room wind stream design is additionally considered. The
outcomes with the underlying structural plan of the room indicate exceptionally insufficient
ventilation at the tenant's site. Elective designs have been contemplated, considering right
ventilation without disavowing to the help favorable circumstances. At long last, the ideal
design of the room is given, in regards to both the comfort of the occupants and the expense
of execution.
Calautit et. al. (2014) Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) examination were directed to
research the normal ventilation execution of a business multidirectional wind tower. The
tests were directed at different uniform breeze speeds in the scope of 0.5 to 5 m/s and
different occurrence edges, going from 0˚ to 90˚. Broad smoke representation tests were
directed to additionally break down the point by point wind stream structure inside the
breeze tower and furthermore inside the test room. The outcomes demonstrated that the

LITERATURE REVIEW
breeze tower was fit for giving the prescribed supply rates at outside breeze speeds as low
as 2 m/s for the considered test setup. With the end goal to look at the execution
quantitatively, the indoor wind stream rate, supply and concentrate rates, outer wind current
and weight coefficients were likewise estimated.
Mallikarjun et. al. (2014) Heat transfer by convection in air cooled condensers is
examined and progressed. The evaluation has been done on an air-cooled finned-tube
condenser of a vapor pressure cycle for cooling framework. heat exchange examination and
CFD investigation is done on the condenser to assess the better structure and material. The
materials considered for cylinder is copper and for balances are Aluminum compounds
1100, 6063 and Magnesium amalgam for various refrigerants HCFC and 404R. CFD
examination is done at various speeds. Hypothetical computations are done to decide heat
exchange rate.
Vladut et. al. (2014) Reports the consequences of a contextual analysis acknowledged by
preparing and deciphering the information acquired in a fullscale explore performed at the
City Hospital in Turceni, Gorj County (Romania). As its title itself appears, the paper
introduces a numerical recreation of the wind current example in a healing center room
regardless of whether a convenient climate control system is being used inside it. The
primary reason for the examination was finding the manner in which that the underlying
wind current example got without utilizing the compact forced air system changes because
of utilizing it. Through this computational investigation, they displayed an answer for take
care of a specific issue, to be specific recognizing an approach to forestall, however much
as could be expected, spreading influenza in a hospital facility room.
Fulpagare et. al. (2013) The room air current example as far as temperature and speed
alongside thermal solace evaluation by shifting dress file. Room wind current example in
the two test rooms regular, just fan, just AC, fan with AC. Impact of climate control system
position on the room wind current example is additionally examined. The shape of the
stream designs is plotted utilizing ORIGIN 6.1 programming. It is fitting to work the roof
fan at moderate speed with forced air system to get the uniform stream design as for
temperature and speed which prompts sparing in energy. Wind current example relies upon
the area of the climate control system. thermal comfort relies upon the clothing opposition
and activity level.

LITERATURE REVIEW
Quadri et. al. (2013) Examined the impacts of channel and outlet vents on the temperature
dispersion in the lodge. Studies demonstrate that the motor working temperature of the
vehicle affects the cabin condition. Likewise, it has been recognized that legitimate
ventilation inside the vehicle diminishes this issue. they utilize 3-dimensional PC
simulations utilizing CFD method to look at these issues of Heat aggregation inside the
vehicle. This study recognizes the reasons for this normal issue that most travelers look in
their day by day lives and intends to recommend methods for decreasing the uneasy time
inside the vehicle.
Taher et. al. (2013) Research the impact of area and number of ventilation and cooling
supply and concentrates openings on air stream properties in an address room. The work
centers around wind current examples, thermal conduct in address room where vast number
of understudies. The adequacy of an air stream framework is generally evaluated by the
fruitful expulsion of sensible and inert burdens from inhabitants with extra of achieving air
poison at a recommended dimension to accomplish the human thermal comfort conditions
and to enhance the indoor air quality; this is the fundamental focus amid the present
investigation. The examination is completed utilizing computational liquid elements (CFD)
recreation strategies as implanted in the economically accessible CFD code (FLUENT 6.2).
Hassan et. al. (2013) The impact of different server center parameters on the temperature
distribution and the stream field was investigated. The parametric and improvement
procedures were utilized to decide the most ideal format for cooling techniques. The
reenactment results anticipate the high temperature zone inside the PC rack in the server
centre, and give a nitty gritty 3D examination of the development of cool air through the
server farm. The outcomes likewise give the execution investigation of PC room air
conditionings (CRACs) with point by point rack-by-rack gulf and leave temperatures and
3D warm mapping of the server farm and racks featuring inconvenience regions. The model
created is equipped for assessing the wind current rates and warm loads for enhancing and
structuring another or existing data Centre.
Lee et. al. (2013) Examined the heat exchange coefficient of the human body and agent
temperature in different cooling situations, for example, radiant floor heating and
convective air heating utilizing numerical recreation for assessment of vitality sparing
plausibility in private structures. The deliberate outcomes demonstrated the heat exchange
coefficient of the thermal comfort expanded from temperature distinction increment and air

LITERATURE REVIEW
speed. Moreover, the outcomes demonstrated the brilliant floor warming condition is more
vitality utilization productive than a convective air heating condition.
Gebrehiwot et. al. (2012) Examined Airflow example of modular data farms is vital to
comprehend why temperature and volume stream rate variations happen inside columns of
racks and sets of servers inside a rack. CFD investigation has indicated conveyance of
volume stream rate in racks and sets of servers caused by flow of air neglected walkway. It
has been demonstrated that to enhance the wind stream circulation in the arrangements of
servers, setting the proper louver point is vital. Results from Case 1 recommend that it
could be conceivable to work the server farm without the requirement for blowers found in
the power/cooling module insofar as there are solid server fans being used. Case 2 indicated
working purpose of an arrangement of server fans changes dependent on the quantity of
servers in a given IT compartment. Consequently in the plan period of IT compartments it
is vital to view the quantity of servers as put in a measured server farm as for the coveted
server fan operating point.
Tahersima et. al. (2010) The simulation model of radiator is streamlined as far as
approximating the small signal gain of radiator in every working point precisely. The
controller intended for appeal climate conditions is connected to the contrary conditions to
represent the oscillatory condition all the more apparently. Suggestions to alleviate this
situation are proposed. A precise simulation model for radiator based on discrete element
lumped model is proposed and optimized. The optimization is in term of best
approximation of the radiator small signal gain for all operating points. The oscillatory
behavior of radiator in low demand situations as a drawback of thermostatic radiator valves
is addressed.
2.2 Conclusion
Various literatures on air conditioning are studied to assess the execution of a actual
building cooling system. The outcomes of the cooling framework's execution and thermal
comfort examination are exhibited and a correlation is made to the distinctive areas of
supply wind current. In this examination different areas utilized for Air Conditioning wind
current supply. Room planning and investigation performed in ANSYS CFD device. Three
rooms utilized with same measurements at various areas of Air conditioner unit in room.
Warm states of room streamlined with ANSYS CFD tool.

CHAPTER 3
FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

3.1. Introduction to Finite Element Method
The finite element method is a useful asset to obtain the numerical arrangement of
extensive variety of building problem. The technique is general enough to deal with
any complex shape or geometry, for any material under various limit and stacking
conditions. The all-inclusive statement of the limited component strategy fits the
examination prerequisite of the present complex building frameworks and structures
where closed shape arrangements of administering balance conditions are normally
not accessible. What's more, it is an effective plan apparatus by which fashioners can
perform parametric structure thinks about by considering different structure cases,
(diverse shapes, materials, loads, and so on.) and break down them to pick the ideal
structure.
The technique originated in the aerospace industry as a method to study about

stress in an intricate airframe structure. It becomes out of what was known as the
matrix examination strategy utilized in aircraft machine structure. The technique has
increased expanded prominence among the two specialists and professionals. The
essential idea of limited component strategy is that a body or structure might be
isolated into little components of limited measurements called "finite components".
The first body or the structure is then considered, as a gathering of these components
associated at a limited number of joints called hubs or nodal focuses.
3.2. General procedure of finite element method
The finite element method is a method for piecewise estimation in which the structure
or body is partitioned into little components of limited measurements considered
limited components and after that the first body or the structure is considered as a
gathering of these components associated at limited number of joints called nodal
focuses or hubs. Since the genuine variety of field factors like displacement, stress,
temperature, pressure or speed inside the continuum are not known, the variety of the
field variable inside a limited component can be approximated by a basic capacity.
These guess capacities called introduction models are characterized as far as the
estimations of the field factors of the hubs. The nodal estimations of the field variable
are gotten by settling the field conditions, which are by and large as framework
conditions.

Once the nodal values are known, the approximating functions define the field
variable throughout the assemblage of elements.
The arrangements of general continuum issues by the finite component

technique dependably pursue a precise well-ordered process. The well-ordered system
for the static structural problem can be expressed as follows:
Step 1:- Explanation of design model (Domain). The primary step in the finite
element process is to separate the structure of result area in to sub divisions or
elements.
Step 2:- Chosen of proper interpolation form. As the dislocation (field variable)
explanation of a difficult structure under any precise load conditions cannot be
predicted accurately, we assume some suitable result, within a component to estimate
the unknown solution. The assumed result must be easy and it should fulfill certain
convergence necessities.
Step 3:- Beginning of component stiffness matrices (feature matrices) and load
vectors. From the assumed displacement version, the stiffness matrix [K (e)] and the
burden vector P (e) of element ‘e’ are to be resultant by using the use of both
equilibrium situations and an appropriate Variation precept.
Step 4:- Assemblage of element equations to achieve the balance equations.
Since the structure is composed of numerous finite elements, the individual element
stiffness matrices and load vectors are to be assembled in an appropriate manner and
the overall equilibrium equation has to be formulated as
[K]φ = P……………………………. (1)
Where [K] is referred to as assembled stiffness matrix, Φ is known as the vector of

nodal displacement and P is the vector or nodal pressure for the complete shape.
Step 5: - Solution of system equation to discover nodal values of displacement

(subject variable). The ordinary equilibrium equations have to be modified to account
for the boundary conditions of the problem. After the incorporation of the boundary
conditions, the equilibrium equations may be expressed as,
[K]φ = P………………………… (2)

For linear issues, the vector ‘φ’ can be solved very without problems. But for non-
linear problems, the answer has to be received in a series of steps, each step involving
the amendment of the stiffness matrix [K] and ‘φ’ or the weight vector P.
Step 6:- Computation of detail strains and stresses. From the regarded nodal
displacements, if required, the detail lines and stresses may be computed via the use
of the essential equations of stable or structural mechanics. In the above steps, the
phrases indicated in brackets enforce the general FEM step-through-step manner.
3.3. Convergence requirement
The finite element technique gives a numerical answer for an intricate problem. It
might in this way be normal that the arrangement must merge to the correct detailing
of the structure. Henceforth as the work is made better the arrangement ought to join to
the right outcome and this would be accomplished if the accompanying three
conditions were fulfilled by the expected displacement function.
• The displacement characteristic must be non-stop in the detail. Choosing

polynomials for the displacement version can without problems satisfy this
situation.
• The displacement feature should be capable of representing rigid frame
displacement of the detail. This is when the nodes are given such displacement
similar to an inflexible frame motion; the element ought to not revel in and as a
result ends in zero nodal forces. The regular phrases in the polynomials used
for displacement fashions could generally make sure this situation.
• The displacement function has to be capable of representing constant strain
states inside the element. The purpose for the requirement may be understood if
we believe the situation while the frame or shape is divided in to smaller and
smaller elements. As these elements’ technique infinitesimal size, the strain in
every element additionally technique steady pressure states. For one, two and
3-dimensional elasticity issues the linear terms gift in the polynomials fulfill
the requirement.

3.4. Advantages of FEM
The properties of each element are evaluated separately, so an obvious

advantage is that we can incorporate different material properties for each element.
Thus, almost any degree of non-homogeneity can be included. There is no
confinement on to the state of medium; henceforth arbitrary and irregular shapes
cause no trouble like every single numerical estimate FEM depends on the concept of
description. By and by, as either the varieties or leftover methodology, the innovation
perceives the multi-dimensional constant yet in addition requires no different insertion
process to extend the approximate solution to every point with the continuum.
One of the important advantages of FEM is that it makes use of boundary

conditions in the form of assembled equations. This is relatively an easy process and
requires no special technology. Rather than requiring every trial solution to satisfy
boundary conditions, one prescribes the conditions after obtaining the algebraic
equations for individual’s finite elements.
3.5. Applications of FEM
Finite element method is the best apparatus in examination of air ship structures
including static investigation of wings, structures of rockets and rockets, dynamic
examination, reaction to arbitrary burdens and occasional burdens. In mechanical
plan, stretch focus issues, push investigation of weight vessels, dynamic examination
of mechanical linkages can be adequately managed utilizing finite element method.
The explicit utilization of the finite element method in the three major classes
of limit esteem issues, to be specific harmony of enduring state or time-independent
issues, Eigen value issues, and spread or transient issues. In the equilibrium issues
consistent state relocation or stress dissemination is found for a strong mechanics
issue, temperature or thermal motion conveyance on account of heat exchange issue.
referring to Eigen value issues in strong mechanics or basic issue, common
frequencies, buckling load and mode shapes are discovered, dependability of laminar
streams is found on the off chance that it is a liquid mechanics issue and reverberation
attributes are acquired on the off chance that it is an electrical circuit issue, while for

the engendering or transient issue, the reaction of the body under time fluctuating
power is found in the region of strong mechanics.
Finite element method discovers its application in the field of structural

building in completing the static examination of supports, casings and bridges. The
dynamic investigation of the structure is to get normal frequencies, modes and
reaction of the structures to periodic loads. Atomic designing likewise utilizes limited
component technique idea in the static and dynamic portrayal of its frameworks, for
example, atomic weight vessels, control structure and dynamic reaction of reactor
segment regulation structures. Indeed, even the Biomedical building applies limited
component technique, for effect examination of skulls. Limited component strategy
can be connected to examination of exhuming, underground openings and dynamic
investigation of dam supply frameworks, which go under Geomechanics.
3.6. FEA SOFTWARE – ANSYS

Dr. John Swanson established ANSYS. Inc. in 1970 with a dream to
commercialize the idea of PC simulated building, setting up himself as one of the
pioneers of Finite Element Analysis (FEA). ANSYS Inc. supports the continuous
advancement of creative innovation and conveys adaptable, undertaking wide
designing frameworks that empower organizations to unravel the full scope of
investigation issue, amplifying their current interests in programming and equipment.
ANSYS Inc. proceeds with its job as a specialized trend-setter. It additionally
underpins a procedure driven way to deal with structure and assembling, enabling the
clients to maintain a strategic distance from costly and time consuming "constructed
and break" cycles. ANSYS examination and reproduction apparatuses give clients
usability, information similarity, multi-stage bolster and coupled field multi-material
science capacities.
3.7. Evolution of ANSYS Program
ANSYS has developed into multipurpose plan investigation programming

program, perceived the world over for its numerous abilities. Today the program is to
a great degree ground-breaking and simple to utilize. Each discharge has new and
upgraded capacities that make the program more adaptable, more usable and quicker.
Along these lines ANSYS enables specialists to meet the weights and requests present
day item advancement condition.

3.8. Overview of the program
The ANSYS package is reliable, robust design examination and optimization

setup. The software operates on major computers and operating systems, from PCs to
workstations and to super computers. ANSYS features file compatibility throughout
the family of products and across all platforms. ANSYS structure information get to
empowers client to import PC supported plan models in to ANSYS, taking out
rehashed work. This guarantee endeavors wide, adaptable designing answer for all
ANSYS user.
User Interface: Despite the fact that the ANSYS program has broad and complex
capacities, its association and easy to understand graphical UI makes it simple to learn
and utilize.
There are four graphical approaches to instruct the ANSYS program:

1. Menus
2. Dialog Boxes
3. Tool bar
4. Direct input of Commands
➢ Menus: Menus are groups of connected functions or operating the analysis
program located in individual windows. These include:
• Utility menu
• Main menu
• Input window
• Graphics window
• Tool bar
• Dialog boxes
➢ Dialog boxes: Windows that present the clients with decisions for finishing the
tasks or indicating settings. These boxes prompt the client to enter information or
settle on choices for a specific capacity.
➢ Tool bar: The tool bar speaks to an extremely productive means for executing
directions for the ANSYS program in view of its extensive variety of
configurability. Notwithstanding how they are determined, directions are at last
used to supply every one of the information and control all program capacities.

➢ Output window: Records the ANSYS response to commands and functions

➢ Graphics window: Represents to the region for realistic shows, for example,
display or graphically spoken to aftereffects of an examination. The client can
modify the span of the designs window, diminishing or growing it to fit to
individual preferences.
➢ Input window: Gives an information zone to composing ANSYS directions and
showcases program prompt messages.
➢ Main menu: Involve the essential ANSYS capacities, which are sorted out in
spring up side menus, in light of the movement of the program.
➢ Utility menu: Contains ANSYS utility capacities that are mapped here for access
whenever amid an ANSYS session. These capacities are executed through smooth,
falling draw down menus that lead specifically to an activity or dialog box.
➢ Processors: ANSYS capacities are organized out into two gatherings called
processors. The ANSYS program has one pre-processor, one arrangement
processor; two post processors and a few assistant processors, for example, the
structure streamlining agent. The ANSYS preprocessor enables the client to make a
limited component model to determine alternatives required for a resulting
arrangement. The arrangement processor is utilized to apply the heaps and the limit
conditions and afterward decide the reaction of the model to them.
➢ Database: The ANSYS program uses a single, centralized database for all model
data and solution results. Model data (including solid model and finite element
model geometry, materials etc.) are written to the database using the processor.
Loads and solution results data are written using the solutions processor. Post
processing results data are written using the post processors. Data written to the
database while using one processor are therefore available as necessary in the other
processors.
➢ File format: Files are used, when necessary, to pass the data from part of the
program to another, to store the program to the database, and to store the program
output. These files include database files, the results file, and the graphics file and
so on.

3.9. Reducing the design and manufacturing costs using ANSYS

(FEA)
The ANSYS program enables specialists to build PC models or exchange CAD

models of structures, items, parts, or frameworks, apply loads or other plan execution
conditions and concentrate physical reactions, for example, feelings of anxiety,
temperature conveyance or the effect of vector attractive fields. In a few conditions,
model testing is bothersome or unthinkable. The ANSYS program has been utilized in
a few instances of this sort including biomechanical applications, for example,
substitution intraocular focal points. Other agent applications go from overwhelming
gear segments, to an incorporated circuit chip, to the bit-holding arrangement of a
ceaseless coal-mining machine. ANSYS plan enhancement empowers the designers to
diminish the quantity of expensive models, tailor inflexibility and adaptability to meet
targets and locate the best possible adjusting geometric alterations. Focused
organizations search for approaches to create the most noteworthy quality item at the
least expense. ANSYS (FEA) can help essentially by decreasing the structure and
assembling costs and by giving architects included trust in the items they plan. FEA is
best when utilized at the reasonable plan organize. It is additionally helpful when
utilized later in assembling procedure to check the last plan before prototyping.
3.9.1. Program availability
The ANSYS program works on Pentium put together PCs running with
respect to Wndows95 or Windows NT and workstations and super PCs principally
running on UNIX working framework. ANSYS Inc. persistently works with new
equipment stages and working frameworks.
3.9.2. Analysis types available
a) Structural static analysis.

b) Structural dynamic analysis.
c) Structural buckling analysis.
(1) Linear buckling
(2) Nonlinear buckling
d) Structural non-linearity’s.
e) Static and dynamic kinematics analysis.

f) Thermal analysis.
g) Electromagnetic field analysis.
h) Electric field analysis
i) Fluid flow analysis
(1) Computational fluid dynamics
(2) Pipe flow
j) Coupled-field analysis
k) Piezoelectric analysis.
3.10. Material properties
Young’s modulus (EX) must be characterized for a static examination. On the

off chance that we intend to apply latency loads, (for example, gravity) we
characterize mass properties, for example, thickness (DENS). Also, on the off chance
that we intend to apply thermal loads (temperatures) we characterize coefficient of
thermal extension (ALPX).
3.11. Obtain the solution
In this step we define the analysis type and options, apply loads and initiate the finite
element solution. This involves three phases:
a) Pre – processor phase

b) Solution phase
c) Post-processor phase
3.12. Pre – Processor
Preprocessor has been produced with the goal that a similar program is
accessible on small scale, smaller than usual, super-little and centralized server PC
framework. This moderate simple exchange of models one framework to other.
Preprocessor is an intuitive model manufacturer to set up the FE (limited component)
model and information. The arrangement stage uses the info information created by
the preprocessor, and readies the arrangement as indicated by the issue definition. It
makes input records to the temperature and so forth., on the screen as shapes.
• Geometrical definitions

There are four diverse geometric elements in preprocessor to be specific key

focuses, lines, regions and volumes. These substances can be utilized to acquire the
geometric portrayal of the structure. Every one of the substances are free of other and
have unique identification labels.
• Model generations
Two different methods are used to generate a model:
a) Direct generation.
b) Solid modeling
With solid modeling we can describe the geometric boundaries of the model,
set up powers over the size and describe shape of the components and after that train
ANSYS program to produce every one of the hubs and components consequently. By
contrast, with the immediate generation strategy, we decide the area of each hub and
size, shape and network of each component before characterizing these elements in
the ANSYS display. Although, some programmed information age is conceivable (by
utilizing directions, for example, FILL, NGEN, EGEN and so on.) the immediate age
strategy basically a hands-on numerical technique that expects us to monitor all the
hub numbers as we build up the limited component work. This detailed study can end
up difficult for extensive models, giving degree for demonstrating blunders. Strong
displaying is normally more ground-breaking and flexible than direct age and is
regularly favored technique for creating a model, giving scope for modeling errors.
Strong displaying is typically more incredible and adaptable than direct age and is
ordinarily favored strategy for creating a model.
• Mesh generation:
In the finite element investigation, the essential idea is to dissect the structure,
which is a gathering of discrete pieces called components, which are associated,
together at a limited number of focuses called Nodes. loading boundary conditions are
then connected to these components and nodes. A system of these components is
known as Mesh.
• Finite element generation:

The most extreme measure of time in a finite component examination is spent
on creating components and nodal information. Preprocessor enables the client to

create hubs and components consequently in the meantime permitting power over size
and number of components. There are different sorts of components that can be
mapped or produced on different geometric elements.
The components created by different programmed component age capacities
of preprocessor can be checked component attributes that may should be confirmed
before the limited component investigation for availability, bending file, and so forth.
For the most part, programmed work creating abilities of preprocessor are utilized as
opposed to characterizing the nodes independently.
• Boundary conditions and loading:

After consummation of the limited component display it needs to compel and
stack must be connected to the model. Client can characterize limitations and loads in
different ways. All limitations and burdens are doled out set 1D. This encourages the
client to monitor load cases.
• Model display:
During the development and confirmation phases of the model it might be
important to see it from various edges. It is helpful to rotate the model as for the
worldwide framework and view it from various edges. Preprocessor offers this
capacity. By windowing highlight preprocessor enables the client to expand an
explicit territory of the model for lucidity and points of interest. Preprocessor
additionally gives highlights like smoothness, scaling, districts, dynamic set, and so
forth for proficient model survey and editing.
• Material definitions:
All components are characterized by nodes, which have just their area
characterized. On account of plate and shell components there is no sign of thickness.
This thickness can be given as component property. Property tables for a specific
property set 1-D must be input. Diverse kinds of components have distinctive
properties for e.g. Shafts: Cross sectional zone, snapshot of latency and so forth.
Shells: Thickness Springs: Stiffness Solids: None
The user additionally needs to characterize material properties of the components. For
direct static investigation, modules of flexibility and Poisson's proportion should be

given. For warmth exchange, coefficient of warm development, densities and so forth
are required. They can be given to the components by the material property set to 1-D.
• Solution:
The solution stage manages the arrangement of the issue as indicated by the
problem definitions. All the dull work of detailing and collecting of matrices are
finished by the PC lastly relocations and stress values are given as yield. A portion of
the abilities of the ANSYS are direct static examination, non-straight static
investigation, transient unique examination, and so on.
• Post – Processor:
It is a powerful user-friendly post-processing program using interactive colour

graphics. It has extensive plotting highlights for showing the outcomes acquired from
the limited component examination. One image of the investigation results (i.e. the
outcomes in a visual shape) can regularly uncover in seconds what might take a
engineer hour to asses from a numerical yield, say in tabular frame. The engineer may
also see the important aspects of the results that could be easily missed in a stack of
numerical data.

CHAPTER 4
METHOLODGY AND
MODELLING

METHOLODGY AND MODELLING
4.1. Introduction
In this chapter, the framework is to optimize the Air conditioning analysis by using
Computational Fluid Dynamics by using ANSYS explained. Various stages which are
utilized for the process are explained in detail.
The simulation of flow in internal combustion engines is a complicated method

involving fluid dynamics and turbulent movement. Any physical fluid go with the
flow trouble may be solved both experimentally or numerically. The numerical
simulation is greater suitable for parametric research and it also gives correct
consequences by using fixing governing equations in each and each mobile of the
fluid domain. In the current years there have been brilliant development inside the
area of numerical techniques, which made a top-notch effect at the evaluation of
complex flow issues and achieving their answer. Computational Fluid Dynamics
(CFD) has grown from a mathematical interest to an important device in nearly each
department of fluid dynamics. CFD is taken into consideration as a bridge among the
pure experimental fluid dynamics and natural theoretical fluid dynamics. Until these
days, researchers had to particularly rely on time consuming and steeply-priced
experimentations for reading complicated waft issues. With the advent of effective
digital computers and numerical simulation strategies, the extent of experimentation
required for reading complicated engineering troubles has been lower substantially.
4.2. Computational Fluid Dynamics
CFD is a place wherein the governing equations for fluid flows are solved in discrete
form on computers by simulating the fluid float hassle. This facilitates in decreasing
the time and effort required in narrowing down at the design configurations of
numerous engineering additives. In the present paintings a 3-dimensional numerical
simulation become completed to examine the consequences of different combustion
chamber geometry on the in-cylinder waft system of a four stroke DI diesel engine the
usage of commercially available CFD software program.

4.3. Basic Structure of A CFD Code
To write a CFD code to supply an answer for every new fluid glide case could be time
consuming and unforgiving. Due to this, standard industrial CFD codes have
advanced, such as KIVA, AVL FIRE, STAR-CD, Fluent, ANSYS CFX and Open
Foam. They provide consumer friendly GUIs (graphical user interfaces) to allow the
user to make use of a built-in code with a ramification of hassle fixing facilities to
supply a solution for issues related to fluid glide, warmth transfer etc. The process of
producing a way to a fluid hassle the use of a standard CFD code is defined in three
degrees viz.
1. Pre-Processor
2. Solver
3. Post-Processor
4.3.1. Pre-Processor
The first step concerned inside the pre-processor degree is to define a suitable
geometry wherein the fluid flow trouble is to be analyzed. Defining the geometry can
be finished by replicating a known geometry thru pc aided layout (CAD). Once the
geometry has been created a suitable mesh can be built. A mesh can be defined as a
extent which has been discretized into a series of smaller volumes or elements. Once
a plausible mesh has been created, extra known quantities of the fluid are defined
inclusive of density, viscosity and turbulent portions. Boundary situations are
implemented to cell faces inside the shape of a flux adjoining to an inlet/exit or wall
which include temperature, strain, velocity profile etc. Preprocessing is the maximum
essential degree inside the improvement of a solution, as the dedication of a realistic
answer is notably dependent on the mesh quality.
4.3.2 Solver
The solver is considered as the calculation technique that in the end leads to a
solution of the transport equations. In define, the numerical techniques that form the
idea of the solver perform the subsequent steps:
• Calculation of the unidentified stream variables by means of simple purposes

• Discretization by replacement of the approximations into the governing flow

equations and successive mathematical operations.
• Solution of the algebraic equations
There are three distinct streams of numerical solution techniques:
1. Finite difference method
2. Finite element technique and
3. Finite volume technique
The main changes between the three distinct streams are connected with
the mode in which the movement variables are approximated and with the
discretization procedures.
4.3.3 Post-Processor
For layout analysis, subordinate variables this kind of stresses and fluxes
ought to be calculated. Most of the industrial CFD codes deliver their personal post-
processor which calculate the secondary variables and supply range of plots (contour
in addition to line diagrams) based totally on the nodal records acquired from
simulation. These comprises:
Domain geometry and grid display
Vector plots
Line and shaded contour plots
2D and 3D surface plots
View manipulation and colour postscript output
These facilities also include animation for dynamic result display. In addition to
graphics, all codes produce trusty alphanumeric output and feature records export
facilities for in addition manipulation outside to the code.
4.4. ANSYS CFX (Fluid flow) Workbench Environment
The ANSYS CFX (fluid flow) software is completely incorporated into the ANSYS
Workbench environment, the framework for the complete suite of engineering
simulation solutions. Its adaptive architecture permits users to easily installation
something from general fluid glide analyses of complicated interacting structures with

easy drag-and-drop operations. Fig 4.1 suggests assignment schematic with ANSYS
device of fluid waft CFX. Users can without difficulty check overall performance at
multiple design factors or evaluate numerous alternative designs. Within the ANSYS
Workbench surroundings, packages from a couple of simulation disciplines can get
entry to equipment common to all, such as geometry and meshing tools.
4.4.1. Heat Transfer and Radiation: Beyond solving the convective delivery of
electricity with the aid of fluid float, ANSYS CFX software consists of a conjugate
heat switch (CHT) functionality to resolve the thermal conduction in solids. It
additionally incorporates a wealth of models to seize all varieties of radiative
warmness alternate in and between fluids and solids, whether these are fully or
semitransparent to radiation or opaque.
Figure 4.1: ANSYS workbench project schematic with fluid flow (CFD)
In CFD simulation, the fluid-analysis gadget inside the Project Schematic (Workbench)
Fig:
• Create or import a geometry

• Building a mesh for a geometry
• Set up the evaluation a good way to be dispatched to the solver
• Control and display the solver to reap a solution

• Visualize the results in a put up-processor and create a report.
4.5. Create a Geometry

All engineering simulations start with geometry to symbolize the layout, be it
a strong aspect of a structural evaluation or the air quantity of a fluid or
electromagnetic area. The engineer either has geometry that has been created in a
CAD (laptop-aided layout) system or builds the geometry from scratch. The ANSYS
Design Modeler is a gateway to geometry coping with for an ANSYS analysis.
Geometry created the usage of ANSYS Design Modeler software that is particularly
designed for the creation and education of geometry for simulation. In engineering
simulations, the geometry consists of info now not wished for simulation. Only the
physics involved is to be included, simulating such a fully designated version will
boom solver run times. It can be more efficient to spend a short time doing away with
this information to decrease the full run time through hours or days. Fig 4.2, 4.3 and
4.5 suggests the geometry created of A. C. Room with duct region and diverse
functions of Design modeler and description tree with Air conditioning room with
dimension of room are
• Height = 4 meter
• Width = 3.65 meter
• Length = 6 meter
And Dimension of Duct are

• Length = 0.5 meter
• Width = 1.5 meter
• Height = 0.65 meter

Figure 4.2: Geometry of Room 1 with A. C. Dust

4.6. Meshing of Geometry (discretization of the computational

domain)
One of the tedious and time taking event of the CFD simulation is the discretization of
the computational domain. It is also famous as Mesh generation. Analytical solutions
to the Navier-Stokes equations exist for only the simplest of flows under ideal
conditions. To obtain solutions for real flows, a numerical approach must be adopted
whereby the equations are replaced by algebraic approximations which may be solved
using a numerical method, by using the approach of ‘Discretization of the Governing
Equations’ involves fragmenting the spatial domain into small finite control volumes
using a mesh. The governing equations are integrated over each control volume, such
that the relevant quantity (mass, momentum, energy, etc.) is conserved in a discrete
sense for each control volume.

Figure 4.5 shows the separate view of the meshed AC room
The mesh in finite volume method considers points that form a set of volumes which
are called cells. The finite element methods use sub-volumes called elements which
have nodes where the variables are defined. The values of the dependent variables,
such as temperature, pressure, velocity etc. will be described for each element. The
quality of the CFD result is strongly dependent on the mesh quality.

Figure 4.6: Details of meshing, CFD simulations of AC Rooms
The mesh in finite volume method considers points that form a set of volumes which are
called cells. The finite element methods use sub-volumes called elements which have nodes
where the variables are defined. The values of the dependent variables, such as temperature,
pressure, velocity etc. will be described for each element. The quality of the CFD result is
strongly dependent on the mesh quality. Too many cells may result in long solver runs and
too few may result in inaccurate results.

CHAPTER 5
IMPLEMENTATION

IMPLEMENTATION
5.1 Introduction
This chapters include various stages taken for our simulation analysis on room air
conditioning. ANSYS steps for performing Air conditioning room thermal
experimentation are taken for our analysis is described here.
5.2. Parameters Taken for Result

• Temperature: temperature distribution in 3D plane.
• Density: it is the ratio of mass per unit volume.
• Viscosity: the state of being thick, sticky, and semi-fluid in consistency, due to
internal friction.
• Specific heat: The specific heat is the amount of heat per unit mass required to
raise the temperature by one degree Celsius. The link between heat and
temperature change is usually expressed in the form shown below where c is
the specific heat.
• Thermal conductivity: the degree to which a specified material conducts heat,
calculated as the ratio of the heat flow rate to temperature gradient.
5.3. Air Conditioning Room designing in ANSYS
Computer simulations offer an exciting opportunity for validating aspects of

ventilation, smoke movement, natural air flow and thermal comfort right at the design
stage. In this work CFD simulation of forced ventilation on A.C. room was carried
and thermal comfort of the human being is studied using ANSYS Fluent. Results
shows that for Air conditioning room having variations in ac duct locations.
same room dimensions 4 m x 3.65 m x 6 m for all room designing utilized and room
temperature is approximately 313K (400C) which is higher than comfort temperature
due to the flow stagnant zone back side of the room. three type cases utilized for study
and room dimensions were same during analysis, In case 1 AC dust is located 9 feet
from base and 1 tonne air conditioning unit utilized in this study, temperature of air at
inlet point of AC dust is 291K (180C) with velocity of Air is 0.39 m/s.

IMPLEMENTATION
Table 5.1: Dimensions of Rooms and Ducts
Case Description Dimensions Dimensions AC duct Air

of Room of is location velocity
Case 1 Singe AC 4 m x 3.65 m 0.5 m x 1.5 AC duct is

(Room 1) Duct x6m m x 0.65 m located at
(each) 9 feet 0.78 m/s
from base
Case 2 Double AC 0.5 m x 1.5 Both AC 0.39 m/s

(Room 2) Duct one m x 0.65 m Dust place each
below other 4 m x 3.65 m (each) in front of
x6m each other
in room
wall
Case 3 Double AC 4 m x 3.65 m 0.5 m x 1.5 Both AC 0.39 m/s

(Room 3) Duct In front x6m m x 0.65 m on the roof each
of each other (each) in room
➢ Case 1
In case 1 Room designed with dimensions of 4 m x 3.65 m x 6 m and AC duct is
located at 9 feet from base and Room temperature is 310K (37°C) and temperature of
Air at inlet point of AC duct is 293K (20°C), Air velocity is 0.78 m/s. Figure shows
the arrangement of AC room with single duct.
Wall temperature of room with effect from environment temperature is used in

research is 40 °C.

IMPLEMENTATION
Figure 5.1: Case 1 of AC room

IMPLEMENTATION
➢ Case 2
In this case Room designed with 4 m x 3.65 m x 6 m and duct is divided here in two
part; each duct is utilized with 0.39 m/s air flow velocity. Both AC Dust place in front
of each other in room wall.
First duct is placed 9 feet from base on left wall of the room and second duct placed 9
feet above from the base on the right-side wall.
Room temperature is 310K (37°C) and temperature of Air at inlet point of AC duct is
293K (20°C), over all Air velocity of both ducts is 0.39 m/s. Figure 5.2 shows the
arrangement of AC room with double duct. Figure shows the arrangement of AC
room with double duct. Wall temperature of room with effect from environment
temperature is used in research is 40 °C.
➢ Case 3
In this case Room designed with 4 m x 3.65 m x 6 m and duct is divided here in two
part; each duct is utilized with 0.39 m/s air flow velocity. Both AC Dust place on the
roof of the room.
Wall thickness is used for Room is 9 inch and Room temperature is 310K (37°C) and
temperature of Air at inlet point of AC duct is 293K (20°C), each duct has Air
velocity of is 0.39 m/s. Figure shows the arrangement of AC room with double duct.
Wall temperature of room with effect from environment temperature is used in
research is 40 °C.
Figure 5.3 shows the arrangement of AC room with double duct.

IMPLEMENTATION
4.5 Set up of ANSYS software
a. Initial step in CFD Fluent

IMPLEMENTATION
b. Second step after general is model specification
c. Then go for material selection: Inserting material taken into consideration for our
analysis.

IMPLEMENTATION
d. Editing Air properties from fluent database.
e. Setting of cell zone parameters

IMPLEMENTATION
f. Editing boundary condition
g. Setting of wall temperature

IMPLEMENTATION
h. Initializing solution setup
i. Saving set up for analysis

IMPLEMENTATION
j. Selecting data which we are to observe while our analysis
k. Running calculation set up for our analysis.

RESULTS
CHAPTER 6
RESULTS

RESULTS
6.1 Introduction
In this chapter three case study of Air conditioning rooms are taken into consideration
case 1 we placed one AC duct at 9 feet above from base floor, In case 2 we placed
two AC duct placed in front of each other of same mass flow rate, In Case 3 Ac duct
divided into two-part and both part of duct placed on the roof having 9 feet distance to
each other.
6.2. Results of Air conditioning

6.1.1. Case 1 of AC Room
Figure 6.1: Room 1 Designed in ANSYS

RESULTS
Figure 6.2: Temperature variations in Room 1
Figure 6.3: Pressure Generated due to Air flow of AC duct in Room 1

RESULTS
Figure 6.4: Streamline of Air flow in Room 1
6.1.2. Case 2 of AC room

RESULTS

RESULTS
6.1.3. Case 3 of AC Room

RESULTS

RESULTS
Above graph and figures shows the variations of AC Rooms temperatures, Pressure of
Air in Room and effects of room during Air circulation by AC duct. Three types of
case study of room designing in which room duct is place at different locations and
same mass flow rate duct is divided into two section of half mass flow rate of each
duct. Finally, optimized results by comparing all three-room temperature results.
Above graph and figures shows the variations of AC Rooms temperatures, Pressure of
Air in Room and effects of room during Air circulation by AC duct. Table 6.1 shows
the comparison of All three cases of room study with different Duct positions.
Table 6.1: Comparison of Results with all three cases of AC Room
Minimum Temperature of Room

Rooms
(0C)
Room 1 36
Room 2 33
Room 3 32

RESULTS
Table 6.2: Pressure difference in Room 1, Room 2, and Room 3
Rooms Pressure (MPa)
Room 1 1.34
Room 2 1.12
Room 3 0.99
Cooling Temperature at Inner wall of room

37
36
36
Temperatures in °C
35
34
33
33
32
32
31
30
Room 1 Room 2 Room 3
Rooms
Figure 6.13: Comparison of Temperature b/w All Room with different duct locations
As per Above Study it is concluded that Room1 having minimum cooling temperature
found that is 36 0C. In Room 2 double duct used in front of each other and minimum
temperature found 33 at middle of room. In Room 3 conditions double duct used for
air flow but mass flow rate of air kept constant so after study in room 2 minimum
temperature 32 0C found. So as per as study it is found that case 3 Room with double
AC duct but same mass flow rate is better arrangement for fast cooling system in
minimum time.

RESULTS
Pressure at room
1.6
1.34
1.4
1.2 1.12
Pressure in pa
0.99
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
Room 1 Room 2 Room 3
Rooms
Figure 6.14: Comparison of pressure b/w All Room with different duct locations
As per above graph it is found that Room 1 having high pressure inside the room with
comparison to others. And room 3 has minimum pressure to other rooms. So, shows
better air circulation with cooling in room 3.
As per ANSYS histogram graph we optimize the maximum temperature drop in

rooms. figure shows the temperature drop in rooms. Temperature of air flow through
duct is 293 K (20°C) and wall rooms having temperature 40° C.
Figure 6.15: Histogram Graph of temperature distribution in Room 1

RESULTS
Figure 6.15, 6.16 and 6.17 shows temperature variations in room at constant
time or in same time. All temperature shows in kelvin.

RESULTS
• Comparison of rooms temperature

All three rooms temperature drop compared in Figure 6.18.
315
310
Temperature (K)
305 Temperature Room 1
290
285
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27
Room Percentile Volume
Figure 6.18: Comparison of Room 1, Room 2 and Room 3 temperatures
Above graph and figures shows the variations of AC Rooms temperatures, Pressure
of Air in Room and effects of room during Air circulation by AC duct. Figure 6.18
shows the comparison of All three cases of room study with different Duct
positions.
Also, table 6.2 shows Room1 having minimum cooling temperature found that is 36
0
C. In Room 2 conditions double duct used for air flow but mass flow rate of air kept
constant so after study in room 3 minimum temperature 33 0C found. In Room 3
double duct used in front of each other and minimum temperature found 32°C, at
middle of room.

CHAPTER 7
CONCLUSION

CONCLUSION
7.1. Conclusion
In the present work, an extensive data analysis has been made to study the cooling
potential for AC Duct location, using the three different location of duct in Same
dimension rooms, optimize suitable method of cooling by comparing the results of
this study. Following conclusions are made as per above study:
While there are several experimental investigations performed by researchers

regarding the air conditioning of Rooms. On the basis of 3-D finite element modeling
of conventional room design. The obtained data showed how room temperature drops
with respect to percentage volume during CFD analysis using FLUENT was
considered. The modeling, meshing, preprocessing and analysis portion of the work is
performed in ANSYS V14.0.
As per above study, it is concluded that in Case 1 around 58% volume is maintained
between temperature drop from 40°C to 36°C, in Case 2 the room volume is
maintained between temperature range 40°C to 33°C and in Case 3 around 70%
volume is maintained between temperature range 40°C to 32°C. Thus Room 3 is best
arrangement of AC because, in this arrangement maximum volume of room is
maintained at minimum temperature and it provides uniform cooling also in the room
at minimum temperature. Also, same conclusion can be easily seen in figure 6.18 in
which comparison of Room 1, Room 2 and Room 3 temperatures are shown.

CONCLUSION
7.2. Future Scope

• Implement and periodically strengthen minimum efficiency standards
• Collaborate with developing nations to ensure cost-effective adoption of new
technologies.

REFERENCES
REFERENCES
1. Yunqing Fan, Masaki Toyoshima, Makoto Saito, "Energy conservation and thermal
environment analysis of room air conditioner with intermittent supply airflow",
International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies 13, 2018, 84–91.
2. Zhou, Zhong, Liu, "Study on the Relationship between Thermal Comfort and Air-
Conditioning Energy Consumption in Different Cities", Journal of Computers, Vol.
28, No. 2, 2017, pp. 135-143.
3. Jing Ni, Bowen Jin, Bo Zhang, "Simulation of Thermal Distribution and Airflow for
Efficient Energy Consumption in a Small Data Centers", Sustainability, 2017.
4. Kanga, Peng, Chenga, "Analysis of Condensation and Thermal Comfort of Two
Kinds of Compound Radiant Cooling Air Conditioning Systems Based on
Displacement Ventilation", 10th International Symposium on Heating, Ventilation
and Air Conditioning, ISHVAC2017, October 2017.
5. Bamodu, Xia, Tang, "A numerical simulation of air distribution in an office room
ventilated by 4-way cassette air conditioner", ICAE, Elsevier, 2016.
6. Ding, Guo, Chen, "Design and simulation of an air conditioning project in a hospital
based on computational fluid dynamics", Archives of civil engineering, Volume 13,
Issue 2, 2017.
7. DU, Lei, Chena, "The indoor thermal environment simulation and testing validation
of a power plant turbine room in extreme cold area", 8th International Cold Climate
HVAC Conference, Elsevier, 2016.
8. Popovicia, Hudisteanua,"Numerical simulation of HVAC system functionality in a
sociocultural building", International Conference Interdisciplinary in Engineering,
Elsevier, 2016.
9. Aryal, Leephakpreeda, "CFD analysis on thermal comfort and indoor air quality
affected by partitions in air-conditioned building", Applied Mechanics and Materials,
Vol. 836, pp 121-126, 2016.
10. Satyam, Jagtap, Archana, "Design and Development of Portable Air Conditioner",
International Journal for Research in Engineering Application & Management,
Volume 02, Issue 7, 2016.
11. Sudhangshu Sarma, O. P. Jakhar,"Computational Analysis of Impact of The Air-
Conditioner Location On Temperature And Velocity Distribution In An Office-

REFERENCES
Room", International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET),

Volume: 03, Issue: 09, Sep -2016.
12. Pillai, Bhand, Shinde, "A Review on CFD Analysis in Air-Conditioning System",
International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology, 2016.
13. D prakash, "Transient analysis and improvement of indoor thermal comfort for an air-
conditioned room with thermal insulations", Ain Shams Engineering Journal,
Elsevier, 2015.
14. Thakur,Patel, Parth, "Quantification of Air Flow Pattern in Air Conditioned Room –
A Review", International Journal of Advance Engineering and Research Development
Volume 1,Issue 12, December -2014.
15. Calautit, Hughes, "Wind tunnel and CFD study of the natural ventilation performance
of a commercial multi-directional wind tower", Building and Environment, Volume
80, October 2014, PP 71-83.
16. Mallikarjun, Malipatil, "CFD Analysis of Air-Cooled Condenser by Using Copper
Tubes and Aluminum Fins", International Journal for Research in Applied Science &
Engineering Technology, Volume 2 Issue X, October 2014.
17. Vladut, Sbirna, Sebastian, "CFD simulation of the airflow pattern within a three-bed
hospital room with or without a portable air conditioner in use", 18th International
Conference on System Theory, Control and Computing, IEEE, 2014.
18. Fulpagare, Agrawal, "Experimental Investigation On Room Air Flow Pattern &
Thermal Comfort Quantification", International Journal of Engineering Sciences &
Emerging Technologies, Volume 6, Issue 1, 2013.
19. Quadri, Jomon Jose, "Computational Analysis of Thermal Distribution Within
Passenger Car Cabin", International Journal on Theoretical and Applied Research in
Mechanical Engineering (IJTARME), Volume-2, Issue-2, 2013.
20. Taher, Mahmoud, Essam, "Numerical Investigation of Flow Patterns and Thermal
Comfort in Air-Conditioned Lecture Rooms", International Journal of Mechanical and
Mechatronics Engineering, Volume 7, Issue 5, 2013.
21. HAssan, Khan, RAsul, "Temperature monitoring and CFD Analysis of Data Centre",
Procedia Engineering, Elsevier, 56, 2013, PP. 551 – 559.
22. Sihwan Lee, Mai Nogami, Satomi Yamaguchi, "Evaluation of Heat Transfer
Coefficients In Various Air conditioning Modes By Using Thermal Manikin", 13th
Conference of International Building Performance Simulation Association, 2013.

REFERENCES
23. Gebrehiwot, Aurangabadkar, Naveen Kannan, "CFD Analysis of Free Cooling of

Modular Data Centers", IEEE, 2012.
24. Tahersima, Stoustrup, Rasmussen, "Thermal Analysis of an HVAC System with TRV
Controlled Hydronic Radiator", 6th annual IEEE Conference on Automation Science
and Engineering, 2010.
25. Jadhav T. S., Lele M.M., Theoretical energy saving analysis of air conditioning
system using heat pipe heat exchanger for Indian climatic zones, Engineering Science
and Technology, an International Journal 18, 2015, pp.669-673.
26. Wufeng jin , yafei zheng, yan zhang, yuebo jiang, "Experimental study of factors
affecting the performance of a semi-enclosed outdoor air-conditioning unit" , the 9th
international symposium on heating, ventilation and air conditioning (ishvac)", 12-15
july 2015, procedia engineering, volume 121, 2015, pp. 1713–1720.
27. Marderos Aar Sayegh, Mohammad Hammad, Zakwan Faraa, "Comparison of two
methods of improving dehumidification in air conditioning systems: hybrid system
(refrigeration cycle – rotary desiccant) and heat exchanger cycle", Energy Procedia 6,
2011, pp. 759–768.
28. K Vaseemul Rahaman, Prof. Shankar Kumar, "CFD Analysis of Air Conditioning
equipment of CAD Lab for Enhancing its Performance", International Journal of
Recent Development in Engineering and Technology, 1(5), pp. 68-72.
29. I. Bonefacic, B. Frankovic, I. Vilicic and V. Glazar, “Numerical Modeling of
Temperature and Air Flow Distribution in Enclosed Room”, Strojniški vestnik -
Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2015, pp. 641-650.
30. N. Jusoha, R. A. Bakara, A. R. Ismailb and T. Z. S. Ali, “Computational analysis of
thermal building in a no-uniform thermal environment”, Energy Procedia 68, 2015,
pp. 438 – 445.

LIST OF PUBLICATIONS
• Ashwanee patel, P. S. Dhakar, "A Review Study on CFD Analysis of Air Conditioning
Room", International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews (IJRAR), Volume.5,
Issue 4, Page No pp.217-221, November 2018.
• Ashwanee patel, P. S. Dhakar, "CFD Analysis of Air Conditioning in Room Using
Ansys Fluent ", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative
Research, Vol.5, Issue 11, page no. pp436-441, November-2018.

Plagiarism Checker X Originality Report
Similarity Found: 11%
Date: Sunday, December 02, 2018

Statistics: 1334 words Plagiarized / 12050 Total words
Remarks: Low Plagiarism Detected - Your Document needs Optional Improvement.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Air-conditioning contributes extensively to excessive strength intake in business

buildings. It is essential to display and compare the overall performance of air-
conditioning systems to avoid pointless energy wastage. This paper offers the results
of an examine finished to assess the performance of an actual constructing air-
conditioning system.
The results of the air-conditioning system's performance and thermal comfort

analysis are presented and a comparison is made to the different locations of supply
air flow. In this investigation various locations utilized for Air Conditioning air flow
supply. Room designing and analysis performed in ANSYS CFD tool. Three rooms
utilized with same dimensions at different locations of Air conditioner unit in room.
Thermal conditions of room optimized with ANSYS CFD tool.
The ANSYS CFD (fluid flow) device is absolutely integrated into the ANSYS
Workbench surroundings, the framework for the entire suite of engineering
simulation solutions. Its adaptive architecture enables users to easily installation
anything from preferred fluid go with the flow analyses of complex interacting
structures. The purpose of this paintings is to optimize the Room Air Conditioning
through converting the duct locations on room. Finally, the results are discussed in
detail.
The main goal of this study is to determine the air cooling and temperature
distribution in the room. Performance of the air conditioner is showed for different
location of duct positions. 1.1. Introduction The science which deals with creating a
controlled in indoor space is referred to as air conditioning.
Earlier days the air-conditioning become treated as a luxurious, however in gift state
View publication stats

Thesis Ashwini Converted

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

Thesis Ashwini Converted

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Thesis Ashwini Converted

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

CFD Analysis of Air Conditioning in Room Using Ansys Fluent

Thesis · December 2018

Pooran Singh Dhakar

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

CFD Analysis of Air Conditioning in Room Using Ansys Fluent

UNDER THE GUIDANCE

NAGAJI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT

This is to certify that the thesis entitled “CFD ANALYSIS OF AIR

ASHWANEE PATEL in partial fulfillment for the award of M.Tech. IV th

Prof. P.S. Dhakar

This dissertation work entitled “CFD ANALYSIS OF AIR CONDITIONING

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

Date: ___/___/______ Date: ___/___/______

I Ashwanee Patel s/o Babulal Patel student of M. Tech in Thermal

It is hereby recommended that the dissertation entitled “CFD Analysis of Air

Prof. P. S. DHAKAR Prof. P. S. DHAKAR

I hereby declare that the Dissertation entitled “CFD Analysis of Air

1- ;g fd eSaus ,e-bZ@,e-Vsd-@,e-QkekZ- ds fo’k; FkeZy bathfu;fjax

2- ;g fd eSa fnukad tqykbZ 2014&2018 ls fu;fer Nk= ds #i esa

3- ;g fd eSa ?kks’k.kk djrk gwW fd bl ikB~;dze dh vof/k esa fdlh vU;

LFkku%&Xokfy;j gLrk{kj “kiFkdrkZ

xkbZM ,oa lapkyd @izkpk;Z }kjk lR;kfir fd;k tkos

laLFkkdkuke% ukxkth baLVhV~;wV vkWQ VSDuksykWth ,oa

NAGAJI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND

Air-conditioning contributes extensively to excessive strength intake in business buildings.

NITM Mechanical Engineering Department Page viii

NITM Mechanical Engineering Department Page ix

NITM Mechanical Engineering Department Page x

NITM Mechanical Engineering Department Page xi

4.2 Geometry of Room 1 with A. C. Dust 35

4.3 Geometry of Room 2 with A. C. Dust 35

4.4 Geometry of Room 3 with A. C. Dust 36

4.5 Shows the separate view of the meshed AC room 37

4.6 Details of meshing, CFD simulations of AC Rooms 38

5.1 Case 1 of AC room 42

5.2 Case 2 of AC room 42

5.3 Case 3 of AC room 44

6.1 Room 1 Designed in ANSYS 51

6.2 Temperature variations in Room 1 52

6.3 Pressure Generated due to Air flow of AC duct in Room 1 52

6.4 Streamline of Air flow in Room 1 53

6.5 Room 2 Designed in ANSYS 53

6.6 Temperature variations in Room 2 54

6.7 Pressure Generated due to Air flow of AC duct in Room 2 54

6.8 Streamline of Air flow in Room 2 55

6.9 Room 3 Designed in ANSYS 55

6.10 Temperature variations in Room 3 56

6.11 Pressure Generated due to Air flow of AC duct in Room 3 56

6.12 Streamline of Air flow in Room 3 57

6.13 Comparison of Temperature b/w All Room with different duct 58

NITM Mechanical Engineering Department Page xii

6.16 Histogram Graph of temperature distribution in Room 2 59

6.17 Histogram Graph of temperature distribution in Room 3 60

6.18 Comparison of Room 1, Room 2 and Room 3 temperatures 61

NITM Mechanical Engineering Department Page xiii

6.1 Comparison of Results with all three cases of AC Room 57

6.2 Pressure difference in Room 1, Room 2, and Room 3 58

NITM Mechanical Engineering Department Page xiv

Date: _/_/____ Date: _/_/____