Information and Communication Technology

1. What do you understand by ICT?

Ans: ICT stand for Information and Communications Technology, which emphasizes on imparting
knowledge in the field of education.

2. Q. What are the benefits of ICT in education?

Ans: The benefits of ICT in education are as describe below:

 The use of computers in the education sector has simplified the learning of students.
 By using ICT, teachers of primary and secondary school have made the learning of
students interactive and enjoyable.
 Teacher’s example complex topics in a simplified manner by using images, videos and
simulations.
 The uses of ICT in education have brought a positive impact on the success of students
from various perspectives, such as knowledge, practical and presentation skills.

3. What do you mean by input and output device?

Ans: A device that lets you enter data or instructions in a computer is known as input device. For
example, we enter text in a document using a keyboard and also give instruction by using
mouse.

An output device is electronic equipment that is connected to a computer and is used to

communicate result of the processed data to the user. For example, Monitor and printer are
output devices.

4. What do you mean by memory in computer?

Ans: Memory is the area where we can store information. In computer there are two types of
memory. They are as below:

Primary Memory: Primary memory is also known as main memory or also refers to internal
memory and primary storage. All those types of computer memories that are directly accessed
by the processor using data bus are called primary memories.

Example of primary are: ROM and RAM

ROM: it stands for Read Only Memory. ROM is “Non-Volatile” memory that retains data without
the flow of electricity. ROM is an essential chip with permanently written data or programs.
ROM comes with pre-written data by the computer manufacturer to hold the instructions or
programs (BIOS-Basic Input Output Service) for booting-up the computer.

RAM: It stands for” Random Access Memory” or may also refer to short-term memory. It is
called “random” because we can read and store data randomly at any time and from any
physical location. It is a temporary storage memory so it called “Volatile” memory. Because it
only retain all the data as long as the computer has power. It is the faster type of memory. RAM
stores the currently processed data from the CPU and send them to the graphics unit that is our
Monitor.

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Secondary Memory:
Secondary memory is also known as secondary storage. The secondary memory is accessed
indirectly via input/output operations. This memory is also called permanent, external, stable or
persistent memory.

The CPU does not directly process it. Its contents are firstly copied into RAM and then get
transferred to CPU. The secondary memory stores data that can be easily retrieved only by the
main memory (RAM) and used by the CPU.

5. Explain three types of secondary storage devices?

Ans:

(i) Floppy Disc: A floppy disc is the oldest type of secondary storage device that is used to
transfer data between computers as well as store data and information. The maximum
storage capacity of a floppy disk is 1.44 MB.

(ii) Hard Disc: The hard disc is also known as the data center of the PC. It is used to store all
our program and data. The hard disc differs from other storage device on three counts
such as: Size, Speed and Performance. The storage capacity of a hard disc range from 10
GB to 120 GB or more. Advantages of using a hard disc are:
 Larger storage capacity
 Faster storing and retrieving of data
 If needed we can upgrade our hard disc

(iii) Compact Disc: it is also known as CD, The CDs are cheaper than other storage devices.

CDs are categorized into : CD-ROM(Compact Disc-Read Only Memory, CD-R(Compact

Disc-Recordable) and CD-RW (Compact Disc- Rewritable)

6. What is DVD? Explain different types of DVDs?

Ans:

DVD stands for Digital Versatile Disc. It is commonly known as Digital Video Disc. It is invented by
four companies named Philips, Sony, Toshiba and Panasonic in the year 1995. DVDs provide
higher storage capacity than CDs.

The different types of DVDs are as describe below:

 DVD-R: it is used to record or write any type of data. It available in 4.7 GB and 9.4 GB
capacities. The data is written on the disc only once. DVD-R can be read by DVD-ROM
drives only.

 DVD-ROM: It can only be used for reading and cannot be written

.
 DVD-RW: It is similar to DVD-R except that we can erase and rewrite information on it.
It capacity is 4.7 GB and can be written multiple times. This technology is sometimes
known as DVD- R/W.

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7. Explain Hardware and software in computer system?

Ans: A computer system is divided into two parts: they are as below:

Hardware: Hardware are all physical parts of a computer that we can touch and feel. For
example, Monitor, Mouse, Keyboard etc.

Software: Software also know as programs or applications, A set of instruction given to the
computer to solve a problem is called software.

Software is a term used for the instructions that operate the computer. Without software
hardware cannot work. Further software divided into two parts: System software and
Application software.

8. Explain the difference between System software and application software:

Ans: Software is basically classified into two types: System software and Application software.

System software: A computer program that is design to run computer’s hardware and
application program is called system software.

Example: Operating System (OS). An operating system acts as an interface between the user and
hardware.

Application software: A set of program that are use for a specific purpose or task is called
application software.

Example: MS Office, Tally etc.

9. Difference between file and folder.

Ans:

File: Information on a computer is stored in the form of files. A file contains any type of data
such: picture, text, songs and videos etc. it is similar to a physical file that are use for storing
relevant information.

Folder: A folder is like a container in which we can store similar type of file. Folder helps in
arranging the files into organized groups which makes it easy for the user to locate any particular
file when require.

10. Explain about Web page and website.

Ans:
Web Page: A web page is a hypertext document that contains the information. It may
contain hyperlinks that you can click to navigate to another section on the same web page or
a different web page.

Website: Website is a collection of the related web pages linked to each other by
hyperlinks. All web pages are open through a web browser. Web browser such as Google
chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer etc.

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 Practice Question:
MCQ:

1. Which of the following is not a type of monitor?

a. LED
b. LCD
c. LAD
d. CRT

2. Which of the following keys enable you to type a letter in uppercase?

a. Page Up Key
b. Home Key
c. Caps Lock Key
d. Ctrl Key

3. Which mouse button is used to drag an item?

a. Left mouse button
b. Right mouse button
c. Scroll button
d. Both a and b

4. CAM stands for:

a. Common-aided Manufacturing
b. Computer- aided Manufacturing
c. Computer-added Manufacturer
d. Computer and Manufacturing

5. Keys from F1 to F12 are known as:

a. Function keys 
b. Shift key
c. Cursor Control Keys
d. Numeric keys