Green Skill-I

What are green skill?

Green skills are those skills needed to adapt processes, services, and products to climate
change and the environmental regulations and requirements related to it.
They include the knowledge, abilities, values, and attitudes needed to live in, develop and
support a sustainable and resource-efficient society.
Environment: The word environment is derive from the French word environ which means
surrounding. Environment can be defined as everything that is around us.

The environment can be categorized into two types:

1. Natural Environment: It include all living and non-living things occurring naturally on earth
It is further divided into two types: Which is made or gift by the nature. Such as: Air, Water,
Land, tree, Mountains, sun light etc.
The natural environment sub-divided into:
i) Biotic Components:
These components consist of all the living organisms within an ecosystem. For
example: human, plants, animals, birds, insects and all other living organisms.
ii) Abiotic Components:
These components consist of all the non-living things in an ecosystem. For example:
water, air, soil, sun light, minerals etc.

2. Human-Made Environment: The human-made environment includes human activities and

their interaction with the abiotic components. It comprises the structures made by human,
such as houses, building, parks, bridges, roads, factories, dams vehicles, electricity etc.

Human-made environment consists of physical, biological, social and cultural factors. Cities
are the best example of human-made environment.

 Ecosystem: An ecosystem is a geographic area or community where all living and non-
living components are interdependent on each other. An ecosystem is formed when living
things (plants, animals, and organisms) in an area interact with each other as well as with
the non-living components (weather, sun, soil, climate and atmosphere) that surround the
living things.

 Basic needs of living organism:

Five basic needs that all living things required to survive:
1. Sunlight
2. Water
3. Air
4. Food (Nutrients)
5. Shelter

 Relationship between man and environment:

We needed air at every time to live, mainly to get oxygen. So, air is a resource for us. We
need food daily to live, So, food is a resource for us. We need water for living, without
water we could not live, So, water is also a resource for use.

 Schaefer and lamn (1986) pointed out three basic function of the environment, which
are basic pre-requisite for human lives:

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 1. The environment provides the resources essential for life. Such as air, water and raw
materials.
2. Thee environment also serve as a waste repository. That is, body waste, garbage and
sewage.
3. It gives houses to mam and other living organism.

 Effect of Human Activity On Environment:

Human impact the physical environment in many ways: over population, pollution and
deforestation. Changes like these have triggered climate change, soil erosion, poor air
quality and undrinkable water.

 Factors causing imbalance in the Ecosystem:

The factors causing imbalance in the ecosystem are as follows:
1. Population: Population is one of the main causes of ecosystem destruction.
Population can deplete (reduce) resources and drive away local animal population.
Significant sources of population include trash, carbon emissions, oil spills and
pesticides.
2. Climate change: Climate change continue to play a significant role in the destruction
of the ecosystem. Global warming has led to increase temperatures, sea levels and
ocean acidity that disrupt an ecosystem’s natural balance.
3. Land clearing: As human population increase, so does the need to develop more
land. Many ecosystem are destroyed in order to clear land for housing development
and roads, agricultural uses and raising livestock (cattle).
4. Resources Exploitation: Many ecosystem are rich in natural resources like nutrient-
rich soil, water, tree and fossil fuels. Excessive efforts to extract these resources like
mining, logging and oil drilling contribute to ecosystem destruction.
5. Population Decline: An ecosystem’s animal are vital sources of food and population
control. Many animal populations are declining due to overfishing and hunting.
Animals are often hunted for their valuable skins. Plumage (feather), horns and meat.
 Natural Resources:

Natural resources refers to the things that exist freely in nature. These resources come in
many forms and include land, rocks, forest, water, fossil fuel, animals, minerals, sunlight and air.

Types of Natural Resources:

 Renewable Resources:
Such natural resources can regenerated themselves after use. For example: wind, water,
solar energy, forest etc. Animals can also be categorized as renewable resources because
they can be reared and bred to reproduce offspring to substitute the older animals.

 Non-renewable Resources:
Such natural resources cannot be recreated once they have been utilized completely. For
example: fossil fuel (coal, oil), minerals etc.

Minerals: Minerals are substances naturally formed in the earth. Minerals are
typically solid, inorganic, have a crystal structure and are formed by geological processes
naturally. A minerals may consist of a single chemical element or a compound more usually.

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 Write five ways to conserve the natural resources.
The five ways to converse the natural resources are:
1. Tree plantation to prevent soil erosion
2. Use of solar energy, wind energy and other alternative sources.
3. Rainwater harvesting
4. Use of bio-fuels
5. Recycling of wastes.