Chapter 3 Thermochemistry

A. Heat of displacement
The heat change when 1 mole of a metal is displaced from its salt solution by
a more electropositive metal

B. Heat of precipitation
The heat change when 1 mole of precipitate is formed from their ions in an aqueous solution

C. Heat of neutralisation
The heat change when 1 mole of water is formed from the reaction between an acid and an alkali

D. Heat of combustion
The heat released when 1 mole of a substance is completely burnt in excess oxygen, O2

Exercise
1. Calculate the heat change that occurs when 50cm3 of dilute sulphuric acid, H2SO4, solution is mixed with
40cm3 potassium hydroxide solution, KOH. In this reaction, the temperature of the mixture increases from 29°C to
42°C.

2. An experiment is carri ed out by mixing excess zinc powder into 50cm3 of 1mol dm-3 copper(II) sulphate solution.
Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq) → ZnSO4(aq) + Cu(s), ∆H = - 210kJ mol-1
What is the expected temperature change in this experiment?
[Specific heat capacity = 4.2Jg-1 °C-1, density of a solution of 1g cm-3]

3. An experiment is carried out to determine the heat of precipitation of barium sulphate. In this reaction, 25cm3 of
1.0mol dm-3 barium chloride, is poured into a polystyrene cup and the initial temperature of solution is recorded.
25cm3 of 1.0mol dm-3 of sodium sulphate solution is poured into the same polystyrene cup. The resulting solution
mixture is stirred and the highest temperature is recorded. The recorded temperatures are shown below.
Initial temperature = 29°C
Highest temperature reached by the solution = 34°C

Calculate the heat of precipitation of barium sulphate and draw an energy level diagram for the reaction in this
experiment.
4. Solid silver bromide is formed when silver ions combine with bromide ions, as shown by the following
thermochemical equation:
Ag+(aq) + Br−(aq) → AgBr(s), ∆H = -50kJ mol-1
In an experiment, 50cm of 0.5mol dm-3 silver nitrate solution is added to 100cm3 of 2.0mol dm-3 sodium bromide.
3

(a) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of silver nitrate with sodium bromide.
(b) Calculate the number of moles of silver bromide which precipitated
(c) Calculate the change in temperature that occurs in this reaction.
(d) Sketch the energy level diagram for the precipitation of silver bromide.
[Specific heat capacity = 4.2Jg-1 °C-1, density of a solution of 1g cm-3]

5. Combustion of 1.71 g heptane (C7H16) in excees oxygen will relase 75kJ of heat.
[RAM: H = l; C = 12]
(a) Write the equation of the reaction.
(b) Find the heat of combustion of heptane.